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Chawalit S, Nguyen NT, Tseng JK, Lo NW, Tu CF, Ju JC. Trichostatin A and Ascorbic Acid Assist in the Development of Porcine Handmade Cloned Embryos via Different Physiologic Pathways. Reprod Sci 2012; 19:976-86. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719112440049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siriboon Chawalit
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ngoc Tan Nguyen
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Institute of Agriculture Sciences for Southern Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Jung-Kai Tseng
- School of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Neng-Wen Lo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Fu Tu
- Animal Technology Institute Taiwan, Ding-Pu LII, Chunan, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jyh-Cherng Ju
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
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Methylation characteristics and developmental potential of Guangxi Bama minipig (Sus scrofa domestica) cloned embryos from donor cells treated with trichostatin A and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. ZYGOTE 2012; 21:178-86. [PMID: 22355002 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199411000797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Summary Reprogramming of DNA methylation in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos is incomplete, and aberrant DNA methylation patterns are related to the inefficiency of SCNT. To facilitate nuclear reprogramming, this study investigated the effect of treating Guangxi Bama minipig donor cells with trichostatin A (TSA), 5-aza-2'-deoxycytine (5-aza-dC), or combination of TSA and 5-aza-dC prior to nuclear transfer. Analyses showed that there were no major changes in cell-cycle status among all groups. We monitored the transcription of DNMT1, DNMT3a, HDAC1 and IGF2 genes in donor cells. Transcription levels of HDAC1 were decreased significantly after treatment with a combination of TSA and 5-aza-dC, along with a significantly increased level of IGF2 (P < 0.05). Although treatment of donor cells with either TSA or 5-aza-dC alone resulted in non-significant effects in blastocyst formation rate and DNA methylation levels, a combination of TSA and 5-aza-dC significantly improved the development rates of minipig SCNT embryos to blastocyst (25.6% vs. 16.0%, P < 0.05). This change was accompanied by decreased levels of DNA methylation in somatic cells and blastocyst (P < 0.05). Thus in combination with TSA, lower concentrations of 5-aza-dC may produce a potent demethylating activity, and lead to the significantly enhanced blastocyst development percentage of Bama minipig SCNT embryos.
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Sawai K, Fujii T, Hirayama H, Hashizume T, Minamihashi A. Epigenetic status and full-term development of bovine cloned embryos treated with trichostatin A. J Reprod Dev 2012; 58:302-9. [PMID: 22322145 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2011-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the comprehensive epigenetic status, including histone H3 and H4 acetylation, DNA methylation and level of mRNA transcripts of bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos treated with trichostatin A (TSA), along with their full-term developmental efficacy. Treatment with 50 nM TSA enhanced early developmental competence; increased acetylation of two histones, H3K9K14 and H4K8, at the blastocyst stage; and maintained the DNA methylation status of the satelliteI sequence in bovine SCNT embryos. The difference in IGFBP-3 transcript levels between in vivo and SCNT embryos disappeared in SCNT embryos after treatment with 50 nM TSA. Pregnancy, full-term developmental competence and body weight at birth of offspring did not differ between SCNT embryos treated with 50 nM TSA and untreated embryos. These results suggest that treatment with TSA improves preimplantation development and changes the epigenetic status but does not promote the full-term development competence in bovine SCNT embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Sawai
- Agriculture, Iwate University, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.
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OH HJ, LEE TH, LEE JH, LEE BC. Trichostatin A Improves Preimplantation Development of Bovine Cloned Embryos and Alters Expression of Epigenetic and Pluripotency Genes in Cloned Blastocysts. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 74:1409-15. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.11-0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju OH
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–744, Korea
| | - Tae Hee LEE
- Richard Montgomery High School, Rockville, MD, U.S.A
| | - Ji Hyun LEE
- College of Arts and Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A
| | - Byeong Chun LEE
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–744, Korea
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55
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[TSA improve transgenic porcine cloned embryo development and transgene expression]. YI CHUAN = HEREDITAS 2011; 33:749-56. [PMID: 22049689 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1005.2011.00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Uncompleted epigenetic reprogramming is attributed to the low efficiency of producing transgenic cloned animals. Histone modification associated with epigenetics can directly influence the embryo development and transgene expression. Trichostatin A (TSA), as an inhibitor of histone deacetylase, can change the status of histone acetylation, improve somatic cell reprogramming, and enhance cloning efficiency. TSA prevents the chromatin structure from being condensed, so that transcription factor could binds to DNA sequence easily and enhance transgene expression. Our study established the optimal TSA treatment on porcine donor cells and cloned embryos, 250 nmol/L, 24 h and 40 nmol/L, 24 h, respectively. Furthermore, we found that both the cloned embryo and the donor cell treated by TSA resulted in the highest development efficiency. Meanwhile, TSA can improve transgene expression in donor cell and cloned embryo. In summary, TSA can significantly improve porcine reconstructed embryo development and transgene expression.
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56
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Jafari S, Hosseini SM, Hajian M, Forouzanfar M, Jafarpour F, Abedi P, Ostadhosseini S, Abbasi H, Gourabi H, Shahverdi AH, Vosough AD, Anjomshoaa M, Haron AW, Nordin N, Yaakub H, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Epigenetic modification does not determine the time of POU5F1 transcription activation in cloned bovine embryos. J Assist Reprod Genet 2011; 28:1119-27. [PMID: 22020531 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-011-9638-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of epigenetic modification on pattern, time and capacity of transcription activation of POU5F1, the key marker of pluripotency, in cloned bovine embryos. METHODS Bovine fibroblasts were stably transfected with POU5F1 promoter-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). This provided a visible marker to investigate the effect of post-activation treatment of cloned bovine embryos with trichostatin A (TSA) on time and capacity of POU5F1 expression and its subsequent effect on in vitro development of cloned bovine embryos. RESULTS Irrespective of TSA treatment, POU5F1 expression was not detected until 8-16 cell stage, but was detected in both inner cell mass and trophectoderm at the blastocyst stage. TSA treatment significantly increased POU5F1 expression, and the yield and quality of cloned embryo development compared to control. CONCLUSION The POU5F1 expression of cloned embryos is strictly controlled by the stage of embryo development and may not be altered by TSA-mediated changes occur in DNA-methylation and histone-acetylation of the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Jafari
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Bui HT, Seo HJ, Park MR, Park JY, Thuan NV, Wakayama T, Kim JH. Histone deacetylase inhibition improves activation of ribosomal RNA genes and embryonic nucleolar reprogramming in cloned mouse embryos. Biol Reprod 2011; 85:1048-56. [PMID: 21753193 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.089474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Our group found that the treatment of embryos with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), including trichostatin A, Scriptaid, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, and oxamflatin, after cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) resulted in significantly improved efficiency. Although many researchers have investigated the use of HDACi treatment to improve the quality of cloned mouse embryos, the mechanism underlying this treatment has not been completely understood. We believe that the effect of HDACi on embryonic gene activation (EGA) is important for normal development of cloned embryos. In the present study, using highly sensitive fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes complementary to mouse rDNA, the effect of Scriptaid on the onset of rRNA synthesis was examined in cloned embryos. In addition, to determine how Scriptaid affects pre-rRNA processing machinery in SCNT embryos with activated rDNA transcription, functional nucleolar formation was analyzed in detail by combined assessment of rRNA synthesis and nucleolar protein allocation in preimplantation embryos. In this experiment, at least part of the rRNA localization by FISH was substituted by 5-bromouridine 5'-triphosphate staining after alpha-amanitin treatment. The results show that in the late 2-cell stage, a number of SCNT embryos initiated transcriptional activation while having one blastomere showing inactivated rRNA transcription and another blastomere showing activated rRNA transcription and despite both nuclei being in interphase. In addition, in some SCNT embryos, the same nuclei contained a mixture of inactively and actively transcribed rRNA, which was rarely observed in intracytoplasmic sperm injection embryos. This asynchronous transcription induced a delay of one cell cycle in SCNT embryo activation of functional nucleoli. Scriptaid can overcome this failure in the timely onset of embryonic gene transcription by activation of rRNA genes and promotion of nucleolar protein allocation during the early phase of EGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Thuy Bui
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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58
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Nguyen NT, Lo NW, Chuang SP, Jian YL, Ju JC. Sonic hedgehog supplementation of oocyte and embryo culture media enhances development of IVF porcine embryos. Reproduction 2011; 142:87-97. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-11-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the expression of sonic hedgehog (SHH) receptor PTCH1 and its co-receptor smoothened (SMO) in fertilized porcine embryos. Effects of exogenous SHH on embryonic development and expressions of survival- and pluripotency-related genes were also determined. We found that PTCH1 and SMO are expressed from two-cell to blastocyst embryos. When oocytes or fertilized embryos were respectively cultured in the maturation or embryo culture medium supplemented with SHH (0.5 μg/ml), their blastocyst rates and total cell numbers increased (P<0.05) compared with the untreated control. When cultured simultaneously in thein vitromaturation (IVM) andin vitroculture (IVC) media supplemented with SHH, the oocytes gained increased blastocyst rates and total cell numbers in an additive manner, with reduced apoptotic indices (P<0.05). Interestingly, SHH treatment did not affect the expression of theBCL2L1(BCL-XL) gene, yet reducedBAXexpression. Blastocysts cultured with various SHH regimes had similar pluripotency-related gene (POU5F1(OCT-4) andCDX2) expression levels, but blastocysts derived from SHH treatment during IVM had higherZPF42(REX01) expression (P<0.05). The highestZPF42expression was observed in the blastocysts derived from SHH-supplemented IVC and from dual IVM and IVC treatments. The levels of acetylated histone 3 (AcH3K9/K14) increased in the two-cell and the four-cell embryos when IVM and/or IVC media were supplemented with SHH (P<0.05). Our findings indicate that SHH conferred a beneficial effect on preimplantation development of porcine embryos, particularly when both IVM and IVC media were supplemented with SHH, and the effects may be further carried over from IVM to the subsequent embryonic development.
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59
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Jafari S, Hosseini MS, Hajian M, Forouzanfar M, Jafarpour F, Abedi P, Ostadhosseini S, Abbasi H, Gourabi H, Shahverdi AH, Dizaj AVT, Anjomshoaa M, Haron W, Noorshariza N, Yakub H, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Improved in vitro development of cloned bovine embryos using S-adenosylhomocysteine, a non-toxic epigenetic modifying reagent. Mol Reprod Dev 2011; 78:576-84. [PMID: 21721066 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.21344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this study, fibroblast cells were stably transfected with mouse POU5F1 promoter-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) to investigate the effect of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), the reversible non-toxic inhibitor of DNA-methyltransferases (DNMTs), at different intervals post-fusion on in vitro development of cloned bovine embryos. Treatment with SAH for 12 hr resulted in 54.6 ± 7.7% blastocyst production, which was significantly greater than in vitro fertilized embryos (IVF: 37.2 ± 2.7%), cloned embryos treated with SAH for 72 hr (31.0 ± 7.6%), and control cloned embryos (34.6 ± 3.6%). The fluorescence intensities of the EGFP-POU5F1 reporter gene at all intervals of SAH treatment, except of 72 hr, were significantly higher than control somatic cell nuclear transfers (SCNT) embryos. The intensity of DNA-methylation in cloned embryos treated with SAH for 48 hr was similar to that of IVF embryos, and was significantly lower than the other SCNT groups. The levels of H3K9 acetylation in all SCNT groups were significantly lower than IVF embryos. Real-time PCR analysis of gene expression revealed significantly higher expression of POU5F1 in cloned versus IVF blastocysts. Neither embryo production method (SCNT vs. IVF) nor the SAH treatment interval affected expression of the BCL2 gene. Cloned embryos at all intervals of SAH treatment, except for 24 hr, had significantly increased VEGF transcript compared to IVF and control SCNT embryos. It was suggested that the time interval of DNMT inhibition may have important consequences on different in vitro features of bovine SCNT, and the improving effects of DNMT inhibition on developmental competency of cloned embryos are restricted to a specific period of time preceding de novo methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Jafari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, University Putra of Malayasia, Kualalumpur, Malaysia
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Whitworth KM, Zhao J, Spate LD, Li R, Prather RS. Scriptaid Corrects Gene Expression of a Few Aberrantly Reprogrammed Transcripts in Nuclear Transfer Pig Blastocyst Stage Embryos. Cell Reprogram 2011; 13:191-204. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2010.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M. Whitworth
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, E125 Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jiangou Zhao
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, E125 Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Lee D. Spate
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, E125 Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rongfeng Li
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, E125 Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Randall S. Prather
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, E125 Animal Science Research Center, Columbia, Missouri
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Fan Y, Jiang Y, Chen X, Ou Z, Yin Y, Huang S, Kou Z, Li Q, Long X, Liu J, Luo Y, Liao B, Gao S, Sun X. Derivation of cloned human blastocysts by histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment after somatic cell nuclear transfer with β-thalassemia fibroblasts. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 20:1951-9. [PMID: 21322785 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Derivation of embryonic stem cells from patient-specific cloned blastocysts by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) holds promise for both regenerative medicine and cell-based drug discovery. However, the efficiency of blastocyst formation after human SCNT is very low. The developmental competence of SCNT embryos has been previously demonstrated in several species to be enhanced by treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors, such as trichostatin A (TSA), to increase histone acetylation. In this study, we report that treatment of SCNT embryos with 5 nM TSA for 10 h following activation incubation increased the developmental competence of human SCNT embryos constructed from β-thalassemia fibroblast cells. The efficiency of blastocyst formation from SCNT human embryos treated with TSA was approximately 2 times greater than that from untreated embryos. Cloned blastocysts were confirmed to be generated through SCNT by DNA and mitochondrial DNA fingerprinting analyses. Further, treatment of SCNT embryos with TSA improved the acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 in a manner similar to that observed in in vitro fertilized embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fan
- Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Cui XS, Xu YN, Shen XH, Zhang LQ, Zhang JB, Kim NH. Trichostatin A Modulates Apoptotic-Related Gene Expression and Improves Embryo Viability in Cloned Bovine Embryos. Cell Reprogram 2011; 13:179-89. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2010.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Shun Cui
- Center for Laboratory Animal, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Nan Xu
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Xing-Hui Shen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qun Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Bao Zhang
- Center for Laboratory Animal, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
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63
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Kim YJ, Ahn KS, Kim M, Shim H. Comparison of potency between histone deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and valproic acid on enhancing in vitro development of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2011; 47:283-9. [PMID: 21359816 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-011-9394-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modification influences reprogramming and subsequent development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Such modification includes an increase in histone acetylation. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), such as trichostatin A (TSA) and valproic acid (VPA), have been known to maintain a high cellular level of histone acetylation. Hence, treatment of nuclear transfer embryos with HDACi may increase the efficiency of cloning. The present study attempted direct comparison of TSA and VPA with regard to the potency of enhancement of in vitro development in porcine SCNT embryos. Reconstructed oocytes using fetal fibroblasts were cultured in PZM-3 containing no HDACi (control), 5 mM VPA, or 50 nM TSA for 24 h, and another 5 d thereafter without HDACi. The frequency of blastocyst formation was significantly higher (P<0.05) in embryos treated with VPA than the frequencies with TSA and without HDACi (125/306, 40.8% vs. 94/313, 30.2% vs. 80/329, 23.4%). In addition, VPA treatment significantly increased (P<0.05) the number of inner cell mass (ICM) cells compared with the control (15.6 ± 1.7 vs. 10.8 ± 2.6), whereas no differences were observed between the TSA treatment and control groups (12.9 ± 3.0 vs. 10.8 ± 2.6). The present study demonstrates that VPA enhances in vitro development of porcine SCNT embryos, particularly by an increase in blastocyst formation and in the number of ICM cells, suggesting that VPA may be more potent than TSA in supporting developmental competence of cloned embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young June Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and WCU Research Center for Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, San 29 Anseo-dong, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-714, South Korea
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64
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Cardiomyocyte marker expression in a human lymphocyte cell line using mouse cardiomyocyte extract. Hum Cell 2011; 24:35-42. [PMID: 21547694 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-011-0009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell transplantation shows potential for the treatment of cardiac diseases. Embryonic stem cells, cord blood and mesenchymal stem cells have been suggested as sources for transplantation therapy. Because of some technical limitations with the use of stem cells, transdifferentiation of fully differentiated cells is a potentially useful alternative. We investigated whether human peripheral blood cells could transdifferentiate into cardiomyocyte. Transdifferentiation was induced in a human B lymphocyte cell line (Raji). Cardiomyocyte extract was prepared from adult mouse cardiomyocytes. The cells were treated with 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A, permeabilized with streptolysin O, and exposed to the mouse cardiomyocyte extract. They were cultured for 10 days, 3 weeks and 4 weeks. Cardiomyocyte markers were detected with immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Immunocytochemistry revealed that some cells expressed myosin heavy chain, α-actinin and cardiac troponin T after 3 and 4 weeks. Flow cytometry confirmed these data. In cells exposed to trichostatin A and 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine and permeabilized in the presence of the cardiomyocyte extract, troponin T expression was seen in 3.53% of the cells and 3.11% of them expressed α-actinin. After exposure to the cardiomyocyte extract, some permeabilized cells adhered to the plate loosely; however, the morphology did not change significantly, and they continued to show a rounded shape after 4 weeks. Our treated lymphocytes expressed cardiomyocyte markers. Our results suggest that lymphocytes may be useful in future research as a source of cells for reprogramming procedures.
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65
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LEE MJ, KIM SW, LEE HG, IM GS, YANG BC, KIM NH, KIM DH. Trichostatin A Promotes the Development of Bovine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos. J Reprod Dev 2011; 57:34-42. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.10-012a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jung LEE
- National Institute of Animal Science
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University
| | | | | | - Gi-Sun IM
- National Institute of Animal Science
| | | | - Nam-Hyung KIM
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University
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66
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HIMAKI T, YOKOMINE TA, SATO M, TAKAO S, MIYOSHI K, YOSHIDA M. Effects of trichostatin A on in vitro development and transgene function in somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos derived from transgenic Clawn miniature pig cells. Anim Sci J 2010; 81:558-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2010.00772.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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67
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Bui HT, Wakayama S, Kishigami S, Park KK, Kim JH, Thuan NV, Wakayama T. Effect of trichostatin A on chromatin remodeling, histone modifications, DNA replication, and transcriptional activity in cloned mouse embryos. Biol Reprod 2010; 83:454-63. [PMID: 20505166 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.109.083337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Our group and others have found that the treatment of embryos with trichostatin A (TSA) after cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) results in a significant improvement in efficiency. We believe that TSA treatment improves nuclear remodeling via histone modifications, which are important in the epigenetic regulation of gene silencing and expression. Some studies found that treatment of SCNT-generated embryos with TSA improved lysine acetylation of core histones in a manner similar to that seen in normally fertilized embryos. However, how histone methylation is modified in TSA-treated cloned embryos is not completely understood. In the present study, we found that TSA treatment caused an increase in chromosome decondensation and nuclear volume in SCNT-generated embryos similar to that in embryos produced by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Histone acetylation increased in parallel with chromosome decondensation. This was associated with a more effective formation of DNA replication complexes in treated embryos. We also found a differential effect of TSA on the methylation of histone H3 at positions K4 and K9 in SCNT-generated embryos that could contribute to genomic reprogramming of the somatic cell nuclei. In addition, using 5-bromouridine 5'-triphosphate-labeled RNA, we showed that TSA enhanced the levels of newly synthesized RNA in 2-cell embryos. Interestingly, the amount of SCNT-generated embryos showing asymmetric expression of nascent RNA was reduced significantly in the TSA-treated group compared with the nontreated group at the 2-cell stage. We conclude that the incomplete and inaccurate genomic reprogramming of SCNT-generated embryos was improved by TSA treatment. This could enhance the reprogramming of somatic nuclei in terms of chromatin remodeling, histone modifications, DNA replication, and transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Thuy Bui
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience & Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
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