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Stenvinkel P, Painer J, Johnson RJ, Natterson-Horowitz B. Biomimetics - Nature's roadmap to insights and solutions for burden of lifestyle diseases. J Intern Med 2020; 287:238-251. [PMID: 31639885 PMCID: PMC7035180 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There are over 8 million species in this world that live in widely varying environments, from hot thermal fissures to cold arctic settings. These species have evolved over millions of years and vary markedly in how they have adapted to their environments. In the last decades, studies of how species have succeeded in surviving in different environments and with different resources have been recognized to provide not only insights into disease but also novel means for developing treatments. Here, we provide an overview of two related and overlapping approaches (biomimetics and zoobiquity), which are turning to the natural world for insights to better understand, treat and prevent human 'burden of lifestyle' pathologies from heart disease and cancer to degeneration and premature ageing. We suggest that expanding biomedical investigation beyond its decades old conventional practices to new approaches based on a broad awareness of the diversity of animal life and comparative physiology can accelerate innovations in health care under the motto 'Nature knows best'.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Painer
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - R J Johnson
- Division of Renal Diseases, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - B Natterson-Horowitz
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, UCLA Division of Cardiology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Evolutionary Medicine Program at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Xiong Y, Yin Q, Li J, He S. Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Are Involved in the Protective Effect of Alpha Lipoic Acid Against Heat Damage in Chicken Testes. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030384. [PMID: 32120945 PMCID: PMC7142828 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In male animals, heat stress causes injury to the testes, resulting in an increase in the number of deformed sperm, a reduction in testosterone production, and consequently, reduced reproductive performance. As an important antioxidant, alpha lipoic acid (ALA) has been reported to have a protective effect against testicular injury caused by various pathological factors. However, few studies have focused on the role of ALA in heat-induced testicular lesions. In this study, the effects of ALA on histopathological parameters, the activity of key antioxidant enzymes involved in oxidative stress, biomarkers of endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling in the testicular tissue, and testosterone levels in serum were evaluated in heat-stressed chickens. The results showed that ALA significantly alleviated heat stress-induced adverse effects by affecting the activities of antioxidant enzymes, the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptotic modulators, and the protein levels of steroidogenic genes in the testes of chickens exposed to heat stress. These results suggest that in chickens, ALA may be beneficial for ameliorating decreased reproductive performance caused by heat stress and this study provides the basis for the design of novel therapies for heat-induced testicular damage. Abstract Heat stress (HS) causes testicular injury, resulting in decreased fertility. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a well-known antioxidant. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of ALA on HS-induced testicular damage in chickens. Histological changes; biomarkers of oxidative stress, including glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA); markers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, including glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP); apoptosis-related modulators, including Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase 3, in testicular tissue and serum testosterone levels were evaluated in chickens under heat stress. Heat stress induces spermatogenic cell abnormalities in chicken testes. Compared to the HS group, the histomorphological abnormalities in testicular tissue were visibly ameliorated, with significant increases in the enzyme activities of GPx, SOD, and CAT, increased serum testosterone concentration, and decreased MDA levels in the ALA + HS group. Consistent with these results, compared with the HS group, the protein levels of GRP78, CHOP, caspase 3, and Bax were significantly decreased, whereas Bcl-2, StAR, and 3β-HSD protein levels were increased in the ALA + HS group. Collectively, these findings suggest that ALA significantly ameliorates the heat-induced histomorphological abnormalities in the testes and decreased testosterone production by potentiating the activities of anti-oxidative enzymes (GPx, SOD, and CAT), inhibiting ER stress-related apoptotic pathways (Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase 3), and increasing steroidogenic gene (StAR and 3β-HSD) expression in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Xiong
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; (Y.X.); (Q.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of the Quality and Safety Control for Pork of the Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Qirun Yin
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; (Y.X.); (Q.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of the Quality and Safety Control for Pork of the Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; (Y.X.); (Q.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of the Quality and Safety Control for Pork of the Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Shaojun He
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; (Y.X.); (Q.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of the Quality and Safety Control for Pork of the Ministry of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-550-6732-040; Fax: +86-550-6732-040
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Tesfaye D, Hailay T, Salilew-Wondim D, Hoelker M, Bitseha S, Gebremedhn S. Extracellular vesicle mediated molecular signaling in ovarian follicle: Implication for oocyte developmental competence. Theriogenology 2020; 150:70-74. [PMID: 32088041 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The bidirectional communication between the oocyte and the companion somatic cells in the follicular environment is known to be mediated by either a direct communication via gap junction or transzonal projections or indirectly through endocrine, paracrine and autocrine signaling factors. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are found in various biological fluids, including follicular fluid (FF) are known to play important roles in mediating the communication between the oocyte and the surrounding somatic cells through shuttling bioactive molecules to facilitate follicular growth and oocyte maturation. As vesicles in the extracellular space are known to reflect the physiological status of the donor or the releasing cells, molecules carried by the EVs in the follicular environment could be markers of the internal and external stressors. EVs exhibit greater degree of heterogeneity in their size, biogenesis and the bioactive molecule they carry. The process of biogenesis of EVs is known to be regulated by several proteins associated with the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) proteins. The type of EVs and surface proteins markers vary according to the type of protein involved in their biogenesis. EVs are recently reported to play indispensable role in promoting cell-to-cell communication during follicular growth. Recent advancements in EV research opened the possibilities to load EVs with specific molecules like miRNA, siRNA, CRISPR-cas9 complex and protein, which showed a new horizon for their application in therapeutics. The present review explores the biogenesis, the role and the future prospects of EVs with a special emphasis given to follicular growth and oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawit Tesfaye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Tsige Hailay
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dessie Salilew-Wondim
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Hoelker
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Simret Bitseha
- Hawassa University, College of Agriculture, Department of Animal Sciences, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Samuel Gebremedhn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Khan A, Dou J, Wang Y, Jiang X, Khan MZ, Luo H, Usman T, Zhu H. Evaluation of heat stress effects on cellular and transcriptional adaptation of bovine granulosa cells. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:25. [PMID: 32095238 PMCID: PMC7027041 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0408-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heat stress is known to affect follicular dynamics, oocyte maturation, and fertilization by impairing steroidogenic ability and viability of bovine granulosa cell (bGCs). The present study explored the physiological and molecular response of bGCs to different heat stress intensities in-vitro. We exposed the primary bGCs to heat stress (HS) at 39 °C, 40 °C and 41 °C along with control samples (38 °C) for 2 h. To evaluate the impact of heat stress on bGCs, several in vitro cellular parameters including cell apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and HSP70 kinetics were assessed by flow cytometry, florescence microscopy and western blot, respectively. Furthermore, the ELISA was performed to confirm the 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels. In addition, the RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) method was used to get the molecular based response of bGCs to different heat treatments. Results Our findings revealed that the HS significantly decreased the cell viability, E2 and P4 levels in bGCs, whereas, increased the cellular apoptosis and ROS. Moreover, the RNA-Seq experiments showed that all the treatments (39 °C, 40 °C and 41 °C) significantly regulated many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) i.e. BCL2L1, STAR, CYP11A1, CASP3, SOD2, HSPA13, and MAPK8IP1 and pathways associated with heat stress, apoptosis, steroidogenesis, and oxidative stress. Conclusively, our data demonstrated that the impact of 40 °C treatment was comparatively detrimental for cell viability, apoptosis and ROS accumulation. Notably, a similar trend of gene expression was reported by RT-qPCR for RNA-seq data. Conclusions Our study presented a worthy strategy for the first time to characterize the cellular and transcriptomic adaptation of bGCs to heat stress (39, 40 and 41 °C) in-vitro. The results infer that these genes and pathways reported in present study could be useful candidates/indicators for heat stress research in dairy cattle. Moreover, the established model of bGCs to heat stress in the current study provides an appropriate platform to understand the mechanism of how heat-stressed bGCs can affect the quality of oocytes and developing embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Khan
- 1Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, MARA; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhuan Dou
- 1Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, MARA; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Yachun Wang
- 1Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, MARA; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Jiang
- 2Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- 1Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, MARA; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Hanpeng Luo
- 1Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, MARA; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Tahir Usman
- 3College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200 Pakistan
| | - Huabin Zhu
- 2Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Regulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB during lead toxicity in bovine granulosa cells. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 380:643-655. [PMID: 32185525 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), one of the pervasive and protracted environmental heavy metals, is believed to affect the female reproductive system in many species. The Nrf2 and NF-κB are the two key transcriptional factors regulating cellular redox status and response against stress and inflammation respectively, showing an interaction between each other. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Pb on bovine granulosa cells (GCs) and its association with the regulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways. For this, bovine GCs were cultured in vitro and exposed to different doses of Pb for 2 h. Cellular response to Pb insult was investigated 24 h post treatment. Results showed that exposure of GCs to Pb-induced ROS accumulation and protein carbonylation. Additionally, GCs exhibited reduction in cell viability and decrease in the expression of cell proliferation marker genes (CCND2 and PCNA). This was accompanied by cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Moreover, Pb downregulated both Nrf2 and NF-κB and their downstream genes. Lead increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress marker genes (GRP78 and CHOP) and the proapoptotic gene (caspase-3) while the antiapoptotic gene (BCL-2) was reduced. Our findings suggest that Pb-driven oxidative stress affected GCs proliferation, enhances ER stress, induces cell cycle arrest and mediates apoptosis probably via disruption of Nrf2/NF-κB cross-talk. However, further functional analysis is required to explain different aspects of Nrf2 and NF-κB interactions under metal challenge.
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Selenium Attenuates Chronic Heat Stress-Induced Apoptosis via the Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Mouse Granulosa Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030557. [PMID: 32012916 PMCID: PMC7037519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress induces apoptosis in various cells. Selenium, an essential micronutrient, has beneficial effects in maintaining the cellular physiological functions. However, its potential protective action against chronic heat stress (CHS)-induced apoptosis in granulosa cells and the related molecular mechanisms are not fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the roles of selenium in CHS-induced apoptosis in mouse granulosa cells and explored its underlying mechanism. The heat treatment for 6–48 h induced apoptosis, potentiated caspase 3 activity, increased the expression levels of apoptosis-related gene BAX and ER stress markers, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in mouse granulosa cells. The treatment with ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA significantly attenuated the adverse effects caused by CHS. Selenium treatment significantly attenuated the CHS- or thapsigargin (Tg, an ER stress activator)-induced apoptosis, potentiation of caspase 3 activity, and the increased protein expression levels of BAX, GRP78, and CHOP. Additionally, treatment of the cells with 5 ng/mL selenium significantly ameliorated the levels of estradiol, which were decreased in response to heat exposure. Consistently, administering selenium supplement alleviated the hyperthermia-caused reduction in the serum estradiol levels in vivo. Together, our findings indicate that selenium has protective effects on CHS-induced apoptosis via inhibition of the ER stress pathway. The current study provides new insights in understanding the role of selenium during the process of heat-induced cell apoptosis.
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Zhou J, Huang D, Zhu M, Gao C, Yan H, Li X, Wang X. Wnt/β‐catenin‐mediated heat exposure inhibits intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and stem cell expansion through endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5613-5627. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐yi Zhou
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Deng‐gui Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Chun‐qi Gao
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Hui‐chao Yan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
| | - Xiang‐guang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Xiu‐qi Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
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Li L, Yang M, Li C, Yang F, Wang G. Understanding the Toxin Effects of β-Zearalenol and HT-2 on Bovine Granulosa Cells Using iTRAQ-Based Proteomics. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10010130. [PMID: 31941148 PMCID: PMC7022321 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Zearalenone (ZEA) and T-2 are two important mycotoxins, which have deleterious effects on the health of humans and livestock. ZEA and its derivatives, α-zearalenol and β-zearalenol, disturb the hormonal homeostasis and lead to numerous problems in the reproductive system. The HT-2 toxin, as the primary metabolite of the T-2 toxin, exerts a series of toxic effects on humans and livestock. The T-2 toxin and its metabolite HT-2 toxin induce damages in multiple tissues, which include the reproductive system. However, toxic response profiles of these mycotoxins on bovine ovarian granulosa cells (bGCs) are unclear. In this study, we determined the importance of heat shock proteins, clarified oxidative stress, and the caspase-3 signaling cascade involved in the mycotoxin-treated toxic response. These results could provide new insights for future studies on prevention and treatment of reproductive problems caused by mycotoxins in bovines. Abstract Zearalenone (ZEA) and T-2 are the most common mycotoxins in grains and can enter the animal and human food-chain and cause many health disorders. To elucidate the toxic response profile, we stimulated bovine granulosa cells (GCs) with β-zearalenol or HT-2. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteomic, 178 and 291 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs, fold change ≥ 1.3 and p-value < 0.05) in β-zearalenol and HT-2 groups were identified, respectively. Among these DEPs, there were 66 common DEPs between β-zearalenol and HT-2 groups. These 66 DEPs were associated with 23 biological processes terms, 14 molecular functions terms, and 19 cellular components terms. Most heat shock proteins (HSPs) were involved in the toxic response. Reactive oxygen species accumulation, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress related marker molecule (GRP78), and apoptosis were activated. β-zearalenol and HT-2 inhibited oestradiol (E2) production. These results emphasized the important function of HSPs, clarified oxidative stress, and demonstrated the caspase-3 signaling cascade involved in mycotoxin-treated toxic response, along with decreased E2 production. This study offers new insights into the toxicity of β-zearalenol and HT-2 on ovarian granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-8439-5045; Fax: +86-25-8439-5314
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Khan A, Khan MZ, Umer S, Khan IM, Xu H, Zhu H, Wang Y. Cellular and Molecular Adaptation of Bovine Granulosa Cells and Oocytes under Heat Stress. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10010110. [PMID: 31936655 PMCID: PMC7023494 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Heat stress can have large effects on most aspects of reproductive function in dairy cows. A hot environment can increase blood, rectal, and uterine temperatures, alter ovarian folliculogenesis, suppress fertility, oogenesis, and embryogenesis and ultimately reduce conception and pregnancy rates. Among the components of the female reproductive tract, the ovarian pool of follicles and their enclosed granulosa cells and oocytes are highly sensitive to hyperthermia. Many effects of elevated temperature on granulosa cells and developing oocytes involve increased production of reactive oxygen species, subsequently induce cellular apoptosis, and decrease the developmental ability of oocytes to be fertilized. Furthermore, heat stress-associated reproductive disorders are associated with altered progesterone and reduced estradiol production by ovarian follicles. The review mainly focuses on the follicle-enclosed granulosa cells and oocytes, provides new insights into the cellular and molecular adaptations of granulosa cells and oocyte under heat stress, depicts the role of the follicle microenvironment, and discusses some mechanisms that might underlie oocyte impairment. This study provides a possible way for the genetic adaptation to heat stress both for the regulation of body temperature and cellular resistance to elevated temperature. Abstract Heat stress has long been recognized as a challenging issue that severely influences the reproductive functions of dairy cattle, disrupting oocyte development during fetal growth. These detrimental effects of heat stress are the result of either the hyperthermia associated with heat stress or the physiological adjustments made by the heat-stressed animal to regulate body temperature. In addition, elevated temperatures have been implicated in increasing the production of reactive oxygen species. Thus, understanding the impact of heat stress on reproductive functions, from a cellular to molecular level, might help in selecting heat-resilient dairy cattle and developing heat stress mitigation strategies. In the present paper, we have attempted to describe the changes in the reproductive system and function of dairy cattle in response to heat stress by reviewing the latest literature in this area. The review provides useful knowledge on the cellular and genetic basis of oocyte and granulosa cells in heat-stressed dairy cattle, which could be helpful for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Khan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, MARA; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.K.); (M.Z.K.)
| | - Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, MARA; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.K.); (M.Z.K.)
| | - Saqib Umer
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (S.U.); (H.X.); (H.Z.)
| | - Ibrar Muhammad Khan
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resources Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
| | - Huitao Xu
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (S.U.); (H.X.); (H.Z.)
| | - Huabin Zhu
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (S.U.); (H.X.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yachun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, MARA; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (A.K.); (M.Z.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-627-324-611
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Likszo P, Skarzynski DJ, Moza Jalali B. Proteomic Analysis of Porcine Pre-ovulatory Follicle Differentiation Into Corpus Luteum. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:774. [PMID: 31798533 PMCID: PMC6879000 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The luteinization of the follicular cells, following a LH surge, causes extensive molecular and structural changes in preovulatory follicles (POF) that lead to ovulation and ultimate formation of the corpus luteum (CL). The objective of this study was to identify proteins expressed in porcine POF before the LH surge and a new CL formed, 2-3 days after ovulation, and evaluate proteome changes associated with formation of the CL from a follicle. We used 2D-gel electrophoresis-based proteomics and tandem mass spectrometry followed by a functional analysis using Ingenuity Pathway analysis (IPA) to evaluate functional pathways associated with the luteinization process. Protein lysates were prepared from isolated POFs and from the newly formed CL. A total of 422 protein spots were identified in both structures. A total of 15 and 48 proteins or their proteoforms were detected only in the POFs and CL, respectively. An IPA analysis of a POF proteome showed that most of the follicular proteins were involved in cellular infiltration, endoplasmic stress responses, and the protein ubiquitination pathway. Most of the early luteal proteins were associated with steroid metabolism, cell death and survival, free radical scavenging, and the protein ubiquitination pathway. A comparison of a follicular proteome with that of an early luteal proteome revealed that 167 identified proteins or their proteoforms were differentially regulated between POFs and the newly formed CL (p < 0.05 and a fold change of >1.8). Proteins that were significantly more abundant in follicles included cAMP-dependent protein kinase, histone binding protein RBBP4, reticulocalbin, vimentin, and calumenin; more abundant luteal proteins included albumin, farnesyl diphosphate synthase, serine protease inhibitors, elongation factor-1, glutaredoxin, and selenium-binding protein. Proteins that were significantly altered with luteal formation were found to be associated with cholesterol biosynthesis, cell death and survival, and acute phase response. Moreover, upstream regulators of differentially abundant proteins in CL were identified that included insulin growth factor-1, sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1, and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2. We have identified novel proteins that advance our understanding of (1) processes associated with differentiation of POFs into the CL, (2) possible mechanisms of luteal cell survival, and (3) pathways regulating steroidogenesis in the newly formed CL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beenu Moza Jalali
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Yang BG, Duan XH, E GX. Single nucleotide polymorphisms and linkage disequilibrium analysis of three HSP90 family genes in cattle. Anim Genet 2019; 50:784-785. [PMID: 31468538 DOI: 10.1111/age.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Gao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivores, Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xing-Hai Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivores, Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guang-Xin E
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivores, Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Wang Y, Yang C, Elsheikh NAH, Li C, Yang F, Wang G, Li L. HO-1 reduces heat stress-induced apoptosis in bovine granulosa cells by suppressing oxidative stress. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:5535-5547. [PMID: 31404912 PMCID: PMC6710052 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Heat stress negatively affects reproduction in cattle by disrupting the normal function of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), ultimately leading to oxidative damage and cell death via apoptosis. Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) is a member of the heat shock protein family, which are associated with cellular antioxidant defenses and anti-apoptotic functions. Recent studies demonstrated that HO-1 is upregulated in heat-stressed cells. In the present study, we investigated the expression of HO-1 in bovine GCs transiently exposed to heat stress and characterized the expression and activity of key oxidative stress enzymes and molecules. We show that heat stress induced oxidative stress and apoptosis, and enhanced Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in primary GC cultures. Knocking down HO-1 expression using siRNA exacerbated both oxidative stress and apoptosis, whereas pre-treating GCs with hemin, which induces HO-1 expression, partially prevented these effects. These findings demonstrate that HO-1 attenuates heat stress-induced apoptosis in bovine GCs by decreasing production of reactive oxygen species and activating the antioxidant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Caixia Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | - Chengmin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fangxiao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Genlin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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63
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ROS-Induced GATA4 and GATA6 Downregulation Inhibits StAR Expression in LPS-Treated Porcine Granulosa-Lutein Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5432792. [PMID: 31178965 PMCID: PMC6501234 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5432792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
LPS is a major endotoxin produced by gram-negative bacteria, and exposure to it commonly occurs in animal husbandry. Previous studies have shown that LPS infection disturbs steroidogenesis, including progesterone production, and subsequently decreases animal reproductive performance. However, little information about the underlying mechanisms is available thus far. In the present study, an in vitro-luteinized porcine granulosa cell model was used to study the underlying molecular mechanisms of LPS treatment. We found that LPS significantly inhibits progesterone production and downregulates the expressions of progesterone synthesis-associated genes (StAR, CYP11A1, and 3β-HSD). Furthermore, the levels of ROS were significantly increased in an LPS dose-dependent manner. Moreover, transcriptional factors GATA4 and GATA6, but not NR5A1, were significantly downregulated. Elimination of LPS-stimulated ROS by melatonin or vitamin C could restore the expressions of GATA4, GATA6, and StAR. In parallel, StAR expression was also inhibited by the knockdown of GATA4 and GATA6. Based on these data, we conclude that LPS impairs StAR expression via the ROS-induced downregulation of GATA4 and GATA6. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the understanding of reproductive losses in animals suffering from bacterial infection and LPS exposure.
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64
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Boni R. Heat stress, a serious threat to reproductive function in animals and humans. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1307-1323. [PMID: 30767310 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Global warming represents a major stressful environmental condition that compromises the reproductive efficiency of animals and humans via a rise of body temperature above its physiological homeothermic point (heat stress [HS]). The injuries caused by HS on reproductive function involves both male and female components, fertilization mechanisms as well as the early and late stages of embryo-fetal development. This occurrence causes great economic damage in livestock, and, in wild animals creates selective pressure towards the advantages of better-adapted genotypes to the detriment of others. Humans undergo several types of stress, including heat, and these represent putative causes of ongoing progressive decay in procreation; an increasing number of remedies in the form of antioxidant preparations are now being proposed to counteract the effects of stress. This review aims to describe the results of the most recent studies that aimed to highlight these effects and to draw information on the mechanisms acting as the basis of this problem from a comparative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Boni
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
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65
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Abdelnour SA, Abd El-Hack ME, Khafaga AF, Arif M, Taha AE, Noreldin AE. Stress biomarkers and proteomics alteration to thermal stress in ruminants: A review. J Therm Biol 2019; 79:120-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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66
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Wang YR, Chen KL, Li CM, Li L, Wang GL. Heme oxygenase 1 regulates apoptosis induced by heat stress in bovine ovarian granulosa cells via the ERK1/2 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3961-3972. [PMID: 30191981 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress can inhibit follicular development in dairy cows, and thus can affect their reproductive performance. Follicular granulosa cells can synthesize estrogen, that affects the development and differentiation of follicles by apoptosis. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1/heat shock protein 32) plays an antiapoptotic and cytoprotective role in various cells during stress-induced apoptosis, but little is known about its definitive function in bovine (ovarian) granulosa cells (bGCs). In our study, the roles and mechanism of HO-1 on the heat stress-induced apoptosis of bGCs were studied. Our results show that the expression of HO-1 was significantly increased under heat stress. Moreover, HO-1 silencing increased apoptosis, whereas its overexpression dampened apoptosis by regulating the expression of Bax/Bcl-2 and the levels of cleaved caspase-3. In addition, HO-1 can also play a cytoprotective role by affecting estrogen levels and decomposing heme to produce biologically active metabolite carbon monoxide (CO). Meanwhile, CO significantly increased the level of HO-1, decreased Bax/Bcl-2 levels, and inhibited the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway. The apoptosis of ovarian GCs can affect the secretion of estrogen and lead to disorder of the ovarian microenvironment, thus affecting the normal function of the ovary. Our results indicate that HO-1 acts as a cytoprotective enzyme and plays a protective role in heat-induced apoptosis of bGCs. In conclusion, HO-1 and its metabolite CO inhibit the apoptosis of bGCs induced by heat stress through the ERK1/2 pathway. The results of this study provide a valuable clue for improving the fertility of heat stressed cows in summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun-Lin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng-Min Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gen-Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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