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Li WR, Ma YK, Xie XB, Shi QS, Wen X, Sun TL, Peng H. Diallyl Disulfide From Garlic Oil Inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum Sensing Systems and Corresponding Virulence Factors. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:3222. [PMID: 30666240 PMCID: PMC6330763 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we determined that diallyl disulfide (DADS) from garlic oil can inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 pathogenic factors by inactivating the transcription of key genes from three quorum sensing (QS) systems (las, rhl, and pqs) based on the effects of DADS on growth, virulence factor production (elastase, pyocyanin, biofilm, and swarming motility), and RNA transcription (real-time q-PCR). To further investigate the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of the three P. aeruginosa QS systems by DADS, high-throughput RNA and proteome sequencing techniques were used to study differences in the transcriptional and proteome expression of P. aeruginosa PAO1 following treatment with DADS. The RNA-seq and proteomic data are available via NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database with accession number GSE118801 and ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD011144, respectively. The experimental results indicated that all key genes of the three QS systems (las, rhl, and pqs) of P. aeruginosa PAO1 as well as the virulence factors (including exoprotease LasA, elastase LasB, lectin LecA and LecB, pyocyanin biosynthesis, and biofilm formation) regulated by these three QS systems were inhibited. This is consistent with our previous studies on the physiology, biochemistry, and RNA expression of P. aeruginosa treated with DADS. Additionally, our results also indicated that bacterial motility, chemotaxis, and two-component systems were inhibited by DADS treatment. All these changes abolish the sensitivity of P. aeruginosa PAO1 to environmental stimuli and cause the cells to be in a state of passivation. Further research is needed to determine how QS systems regulate these functions. Our findings could potentially contribute to the treatment and control of P. aeruginosa infection, virulence, and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Kai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Shan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
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Saleh MM, Abbas HA, Askoura MM. Repositioning secnidazole as a novel virulence factors attenuating agent in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microb Pathog 2018; 127:31-38. [PMID: 30500409 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Long-term treatment with antibiotics gives rise to the evolution of multi-drug resistant bacteria which are hard to be treated. Virulence factors inhibitors depend on disarming of microbial pathogens through reducing expression of virulence factors, abolishing the pathogen capability to harm the host. In the present study, the influence of secnidazole on Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors expression was characterized. Production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors such as pyocyanin, pyoverdin, elastase, rhamnolipids, proteases and hemolysins was examined following treatment of bacteria with sub-inhibitory concentration of secnidazole. Interestingly, secnidazole showed a powerful inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors. Our results were further confirmed using qRT-PCR showing that there was a significant decrease in the expression of quorum sensing genes; lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR, pqsA and pqsR that regulate expression of virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, in vivo experiment using mice as infection model showed that secnidazole-treated bacteria were less capable to kill mice as compared to untreated bacteria. Importantly, there was a significant reduction in mortality in mice injected with secnidazole-treated bacteria relative to mice inoculated with untreated bacteria. In summary, our data showed that secnidazole could play a role in attenuating Pseudomonas aeruginosa through reducing virulence factors production. Moreover, our data clearly suggest that secnidazole could be involved in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in order to control infection and lower the development of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa M Saleh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Egypt.
| | - Hisham A Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | - Momen M Askoura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt.
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Palmer AG, Senechal AC, Haire TC, Mehta NP, Valiquette SD, Blackwell HE. Selection of Appropriate Autoinducer Analogues for the Modulation of Quorum Sensing at the Host-Bacterium Interface. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:3115-3122. [PMID: 30296049 PMCID: PMC6239973 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria regulate a variety of phenotypes in response to their population density using quorum sensing (QS). This phenomenon is regulated by small molecule or peptide signals, the best characterized of which are the N-acyl l-homoserine lactones (AHLs) utilized by Gram-negative bacteria. As many QS-controlled phenotypes, notably pathogenicity and symbiosis, can profoundly impact host eukaryotes, there is significant interest in developing methods for modulating QS signaling and either ameliorating or augmenting these phenotypes. One strategy has been the use of non-native AHL analogues to agonize or antagonize specific AHL receptors. This approach is complicated, however, by the potential for prospective hosts to respond to both native AHLs and synthetic analogues. Accordingly, identifying AHL analogues with little or no activity toward eukaryotes is important in developing QS modulation as a strategy for the regulation of prokaryotic behaviors. Herein, we utilize the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to characterize eukaryotic responses to a variety of synthetic AHL analogues to identify structural elements of existing scaffolds that may elicit responses in prospective hosts. Our results indicate that, while many of these compounds have no discernible effect on A. thaliana, some elicit strong phenotypes similar to those produced by auxin, a hormone involved in almost all aspects of plant development. We outline concentrations and chemical scaffolds that are ideal for deployment on plant hosts for the regulation of QS. This approach should be exportable to other eukaryotes for the selection of optimal AHL tools for the study of QS at the host-microbe interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G. Palmer
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Blvd., Melbourne, FL 32901
| | - Amanda C. Senechal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706
| | - Timothy C. Haire
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Blvd., Melbourne, FL 32901
| | - Nidhi P. Mehta
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Blvd., Melbourne, FL 32901
| | - Sara D. Valiquette
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Science, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Blvd., Melbourne, FL 32901
| | - Helen E. Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706
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The role of LasR active site amino acids in the interaction with the Acyl Homoserine Lactones (AHLs) analogues: A computational study. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 86:113-124. [PMID: 30352386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The present work combines molecular docking calculations, 3D-QSAR, molecular dynamics simulations and free binding energy calculations (MM/PBSA and MM/GBSA) in a set of 28 structural analogues of acyl homoserine lactones with Quorum Sensing antagonist activity. The aim of this work is to understand how ligand binds and is affected by the molecular microenvironment in the active site of the LasR receptor for pseudomonas aeruginosa. We also study the stability of the interaction to find key structural characteristics that explain the antagonist activities of this set of ligands. This information is relevant for the rational modification or design of molecules and their identification as powerful LasR modulators. The analysis of molecular docking simulations shows that the 28 analogues have a similar binding mode compared to the native ligand. The carbonyl groups belonging to the lactone ring and the amide group of the acyl chain are oriented towards the amino acids forming hydrogen bond like interactions. The difference in antagonist activity is due to location and orientation of the LasR side chains within the hydrophobic pocket in its binding site. Additionally, we carried out molecular dynamics simulations to understand the conformational changes in the ligand-receptor interaction and the stability of each complex. Results show a direct relationship among the interaction energies of the ligands and the activities as an antagonist of the LasR receptor.
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55
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Styles MJ, Blackwell HE. Non-native autoinducer analogs capable of modulating the SdiA quorum sensing receptor in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:2651-2664. [PMID: 30410627 PMCID: PMC6204753 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) allows many common bacterial pathogens to coordinate group behaviors such as virulence factor production, host colonization, and biofilm formation at high population densities. This cell–cell signaling process is regulated by N-acyl L-homoserine lactone (AHL) signals, or autoinducers, and LuxR-type receptors in Gram-negative bacteria. SdiA is an orphan LuxR-type receptor found in Escherichia, Salmonella, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter genera that responds to AHL signals produced by other species and regulates genes involved in several aspects of host colonization. The inhibition of QS using non-native small molecules that target LuxR-type receptors offers a non-biocidal approach for studying, and potentially controlling, virulence in these bacteria. To date, few studies have characterized the features of AHLs and other small molecules capable of SdiA agonism, and no SdiA antagonists have been reported. Herein, we report the screening of a set of AHL analogs to both uncover agonists and antagonists of SdiA and to start to delineate structure–activity relationships (SARs) for SdiA:AHL interactions. Using a cell-based reporter of SdiA in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, several non-natural SdiA agonists and the first set of SdiA antagonists were identified and characterized. These compounds represent new chemical probes for exploring the mechanisms by which SdiA functions during infection and its role in interspecies interactions. Moreover, as SdiA is highly stable when produced in vitro, these compounds could advance fundamental studies of LuxR-type receptor:ligand interactions that engender both agonism and antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Styles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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56
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Li C, Liang J, Yang Y, Pu J, Hou LA. Novel insights into the role of Pseudomonas quinolone signal in the control of reverse osmosis membrane biofouling. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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57
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Wang M, Tang T. Surface treatment strategies to combat implant-related infection from the beginning. J Orthop Translat 2018; 17:42-54. [PMID: 31194031 PMCID: PMC6551355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthopaedic implants are recognised as important therapeutic devices in the successful clinical management of a wide range of orthopaedic conditions. However, implant-related infections remain a challenging and not uncommon issue in patients with implanted instrumentation or medical devices. Bacterial adhesion and formation of biofilm on the surface of the implant represent important processes towards progression of infection. Given the intimate association between infection and the implant surface, adequate treatment of the implant surface may help mitigate the risk of infection. This review summarises the current surface treatment technologies and their role in prevention of implant-related infection from the beginning. Translational potential of this article Despite great technological advancements, the prevalence of implant-related infections remains high. Four main challenges can be identified. (i) Insufficient mechanical stability can cause detachment of the implant surface coating, altering the antimicrobial ability of functionalized surfaces. (ii) Regarding drug-loaded coatings, a stable drug release profile is of vital importance for achieving effective bactericidal effect locally; however, burst release of the loaded antibacterial agents remains common. (iii) Although many coatings and modified surfaces provide superior antibacterial action, such functionalisation of surfaces sometimes has a detrimental effect on tissue biocompatibility, impairing the integration of the implants into the surrounding tissue. (iv) Biofilm eradication at the implant surface remains particularly challenging. This review summarised the recent progress made to address the aforementioned problems. By providing a perspective on state-of-the-art surface treatment strategies for medical implants, we hope to support the timely adoption of modern materials and techniques into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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58
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O'Reilly MC, Dong SH, Rossi FM, Karlen KM, Kumar RS, Nair SK, Blackwell HE. Structural and Biochemical Studies of Non-native Agonists of the LasR Quorum-Sensing Receptor Reveal an L3 Loop "Out" Conformation for LasR. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:1128-1139.e3. [PMID: 30033130 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemical strategies to block quorum sensing (QS) could provide a route to attenuate virulence in bacterial pathogens. Considerable research has focused on this approach in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which uses the LuxR-type receptor LasR to regulate much of its QS network. Non-native ligands that antagonize LasR have been developed, yet we have little understanding of the mode by which these compounds interact with LasR and alter its function, as the receptor is unstable in their presence. Herein, we report an approach to circumvent this challenge through the study of a series of synthetic LasR agonists with varying levels of potency. Structural investigations of these ligands with the LasR ligand-binding domain reveal that certain agonists can enforce a conformation that deviates from that observed for other, often more potent agonists. These results, when combined with cell-based and biophysical analyses, suggest a functional model for LasR that could guide future ligand design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C O'Reilly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Shi-Hui Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Francis M Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Kaleigh M Karlen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Rohan S Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Satish K Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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59
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Brown SP, Blackwell HE, Hammer BK. The State of the Union Is Strong: a Review of ASM's 6th Conference on Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria. J Bacteriol 2018; 200:e00291-18. [PMID: 29760210 PMCID: PMC6018360 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00291-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The 6th American Society for Microbiology Conference on Cell-Cell Communication in Bacteria convened from 16 to 19 October 2017 in Athens, GA. In this minireview, we highlight some of the research presented at that meeting that addresses central questions emerging in the field, including the following questions. How are cell-cell communication circuits designed to generate responses? Where are bacteria communicating? Finally, why are bacteria engaging in such behaviors?
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam P Brown
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Brian K Hammer
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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60
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Diallyl disulfide from garlic oil inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors by inactivating key quorum sensing genes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7555-7564. [PMID: 29951860 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Garlic oil can disrupt the quorum sensing (QS) pathways of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa; however, the underlying mechanisms for this effect are unclear. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is one of the most abundant sulfur-containing compounds in garlic oil. This study investigated the effects of DADS on the growth, virulence factor production (elastase, pyocyanin, biofilm, and swarming motility), and essential gene expression of P. aeruginosa PAO1, particularly as they apply to QS and virulence. DADS at 1.28 mg/mL did not affect P. aeruginosa PAO1 growth, although it decreased elastase and pyocyanin production, biofilm formation, and swarming motility. Each of these phenomena is regulated by the three QS systems of P. aeruginosa PAO1 (las, rhl, and pqs). Real-time q-PCR revealed that DADS down-regulated the transcription levels of several important QS genes (lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR, pqsA, and pqsR) in the three systems. Furthermore, the transcription levels of QS-regulated virulence genes were also down-regulated. The lasB gene, encoding LasB elastase, is co-regulated by the las, rhl, and pqs systems, and thus the down-regulation of genes across the three systems further down-regulated lasB. Additionally, phzM (encoding pyocyanin), pslB (responsible for the production of a biofilm matrix polysaccharide), and chiC (encoding chitinase) were positively activated by LasR, and a decrease in lasR transcription further down-regulated the transcription of phzM, pslB, and chiC. Hence, DADS inhibits P. aeruginosa PAO1 virulence factors by inactivating the transcription of key genes across three different QS systems.
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61
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Hançer Aydemir D, Çifci G, Aviyente V, Boşgelmez-Tinaz G. Quorum-sensing inhibitor potential oftrans-anethole aganistPseudomonas aeruginosa. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:731-739. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Hançer Aydemir
- Vocational School of Health Services; Süleyman Demirel University; Isparta Turkey
| | - G. Çifci
- Deparment of Chemistry; Boğaziçi University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - V. Aviyente
- Deparment of Chemistry; Boğaziçi University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - G. Boşgelmez-Tinaz
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences; Faculty of Pharmacy; Marmara University; Istanbul Turkey
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62
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Colino CI, Millán CG, Lanao JM. Nanoparticles for Signaling in Biodiagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1627. [PMID: 29857492 PMCID: PMC6032068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in nanoparticle-based systems constitute a promising research area with important implications for the treatment of bacterial infections, especially against multidrug resistant strains and bacterial biofilms. Nanosystems may be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of viral and fungal infections. Commercial diagnostic tests based on nanosystems are currently available. Different methodologies based on nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed to detect specific agents or to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Also, biosensors based on nanoparticles have been applied in viral detection to improve available analytical techniques. Several point-of-care (POC) assays have been proposed that can offer results faster, easier and at lower cost than conventional techniques and can even be used in remote regions for viral diagnosis. Nanoparticles functionalized with specific molecules may modulate pharmacokinetic targeting recognition and increase anti-infective efficacy. Quorum sensing is a stimuli-response chemical communication process correlated with population density that bacteria use to regulate biofilm formation. Disabling it is an emerging approach for combating its pathogenicity. Natural or synthetic inhibitors may act as antibiofilm agents and be useful for treating multi-drug resistant bacteria. Nanostructured materials that interfere with signal molecules involved in biofilm growth have been developed for the control of infections associated with biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara I Colino
- Area of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
- The Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Carmen Gutiérrez Millán
- Area of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
- The Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - José M Lanao
- Area of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
- The Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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63
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Boursier ME, Manson DE, Combs JB, Blackwell HE. A comparative study of non-native N-acyl l-homoserine lactone analogs in two Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing receptors that share a common native ligand yet inversely regulate virulence. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:5336-5342. [PMID: 29793752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Certain bacteria can coordinate group behaviors via a chemical communication system known as quorum sensing (QS). Gram-negative bacteria typically use N-acyl l-homoserine lactone (AHL) signals and their cognate intracellular LuxR-type receptors for QS. The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a relatively complex QS circuit in which two of its LuxR-type receptors, LasR and QscR, are activated by the same natural signal, N-(3-oxo)-dodecanoyl l-homoserine lactone. Intriguingly, once active, LasR activates virulence pathways in P. aeruginosa, while activated QscR can inactivate LasR and thus repress virulence. We have a limited understanding of the structural features of AHLs that engender either agonistic activity in both receptors or receptor-selective activity. Compounds with the latter activity profile could prove especially useful tools to tease out the roles of these two receptors in virulence regulation. A small collection of AHL analogs was assembled and screened in cell-based reporter assays for activity in both LasR and QscR. We identified several structural motifs that bias ligand activation towards each of the two receptors. These findings will inform the development of new synthetic ligands for LasR and QscR with improved potencies and selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E Boursier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Daniel E Manson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Joshua B Combs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Reynoso Lara JE, Salgado-Zamora H, Bazin MA, Campos-Aldrete ME, Marchand P. Design and Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2-a
]pyridines with Carboxamide Group Substitution and In silico
Evaluation of their Interaction with a LuxR-type Quorum Sensing Receptor. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Emmanuel Reynoso Lara
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; Instituto Politécnico Nacional; CDMX Mexico
| | - Héctor Salgado-Zamora
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; Instituto Politécnico Nacional; CDMX Mexico
| | - Marc-Antoine Bazin
- Département de Chimie Thérapeutique; EA1155 - IICiMed, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités; Nantes France
| | - María Elena Campos-Aldrete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas; Instituto Politécnico Nacional; CDMX Mexico
| | - Pascal Marchand
- Département de Chimie Thérapeutique; EA1155 - IICiMed, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités; Nantes France
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Singh S, Bhatia S. In silico identification of albendazole as a quorum sensing inhibitor and its in vitro verification using CviR and LasB receptors based assay systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 8:201-209. [PMID: 30211080 PMCID: PMC6128976 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2018.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
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Introduction:Quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) is one of the vital tools to overcome emerging virulence of pathogenic bacteria which aims at curbing bacterial resistance. Targeting QS (quorum sensing) as chemotherapy is less likely to generate resistance among pathogens as it targets only the adaptation and not the survival mechanism of the pathogen. Several QS inhibitors were developed in the recent past but none of them managed to have clinical application due to known toxic effects for human consumption. A rapid development of QS inhibitor drugs could be achieved by verification of the QSI activity of drugs which are already in clinical use with known pharmacology. Recently, a known FDA approved clinical drug niclosamide belonging to an anthelmintic class is found to exhibit QSI activity.
Methods: We have focused our study on Albendazole, another FDA approved clinical drug belonging to the same class for its potential to act as QSI. The structure-based molecular docking is used for finding putative interactions made by this drug with the CviR and LasB receptor protein of Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , respectively. Further, the in vitro activity of this drug has been evaluated by employing CviR and LasB receptor-based bioassay. The efficacy of this drug alone and in combination with antibiotic Tobramycin to inhibit P. aeruginosa based biofilms was also analyzed by developing the biofilms on chambered glass slides and performing anti-biofilm assay.
Results: Further, this drug found to inhibit purple pigment violacein production in C. violaceum , which is under the control of C6-AHL-CviR mediated QS in this human pathogen. The in vivo bioassays results suggested that albendazole has great potential to act as a QS inhibitor as found inhibiting violacein production in C. violaceum and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa , respectively.
Conclusion: It is that structure-based molecular docking guided bioassay evaluation is an efficient tool for finding the new therapeutic use of old drugs which could have more chances to come easily in clinical application for their newly identified therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaminder Singh
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre (BERPDC), Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh - 160036, India (Previous address).,Department of Industrial Microbiology, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Allahabad, Uttar-Pradesh-211007, India (Present address)
| | - Sonam Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences (SIHAS), Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Allahabad, Uttar-Pradesh-211007, India
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66
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Quorum sensing is a cell-to-cell communication system in bacteria that controls the production of virulence factors. Serratia marcescens is a causative agent of hospital-acquired infections that shows high resistance to antibiotics. This makes the treatment of these infections difficult. Quorum sensing regulates the production of virulence factors of S. marcescens such as prodigiosin, protease, swimming and swarming motilities and formation of biofilms. Inhibition of quorum sensing may be an alternative to antibiotic treatment to avoid emergence of resistance. OBJECTIVES Testing the ability of glyceryl trinitrate to inhibit quorum sensing and virulence factors of Serratia marcescens. METHODS The inhibiting activities of sub-inhibitory concentration of glyceryl trinitrate against the quorum-sensing regulated violacein pigment in Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 was performed to evaluate the anti-quorum sensing effect of glyceryl trinitrate. The anti-virulence activity was assessed against prodigiosin, protease, biofilm formation in addition to swimming and swarming motilities. RESULTS Glyceryl trinitrate at at a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml produced significant inhibitory effects against violacein (67.01%), prodigiosin (82.67%), protease, swimming (36.72%) and swarming (79.31%) motilities and biofilm formation (87.83%). CONCLUSION Glyceryl trinitrate is a quorum sensing and virulence inhibitor that may be useful in treatment of nosocomial infections caused by Serratia marcescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham A Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University- Zagazig- Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Elsherbini
- Health Sciences College-Umm Al Qura University, AlQunfudah, Saudi Arabia
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67
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Tang X, Guo Y, Wu S, Chen L, Tao H, Liu S. Metabolomics Uncovers the Regulatory Pathway of Acyl-homoserine Lactones Based Quorum Sensing in Anammox Consortia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2206-2216. [PMID: 29378137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs)-mediated quorum sensing in bacterial communities have been extensively observed. However, the metabolic pathways regulated by AHLs in bacteria remain elusive. Here, we combined long-term reactor operation with microbiological and metabolomics analyses to explore the regulatory pathways for different AHLs in anammox consortia, which perform promising nitrogen removal for wastewater treatment. The results showed that no obvious shifts induced by exogenous AHLs occurred in the microbial community and, mainly, dosing AHLs induced changes in the metabolites. 3OC6-HSL, C6-HSL, and C8-HSL controlled the electron transport carriers that influence the bacterial activity. In contrast, only 3OC6-HSL regulated LysoPC(20:0) metabolism, which affected bacterial growth. AHLs mainly regulated the synthesis of the amino acids Ala, Val, and Glu and selectively regulated Asp and Leu to affect extracellular proteins. Simultaneously, all the AHLs regulated the ManNAc biosynthetic pathways, while OC6-HSL, OC8-HSL, and C6-HSL particularly enriched the UDP-GlcNAc pathway to promote exopolysaccharides, resulting in different aggregation levels of the anammox consortia. Our results not only provide the first metabolic insights into the means by which AHLs affect anammox consortia but also hint at potential strategies for overcoming the limitations of the long start-up period required for wastewater treatment by anammox processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China , Beijing 100871, China
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongzhao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China , Beijing 100871, China
- School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China , Beijing 100871, China
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China , Beijing 100871, China
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huchun Tao
- School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Sitong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China , Beijing 100871, China
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
- School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University , Shenzhen 518055, China
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68
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Turan NB, Engin GÖ. Quorum Quenching. FUNDAMENTALS OF QUORUM SENSING, ANALYTICAL METHODS AND APPLICATIONS IN MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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69
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Abbas HAM, Soliman WEE, Shaldam MA. Perturbation of Quorum Sensing in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> by Febuxostat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/aim.2018.88044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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70
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Kumar Thota G, Tamilarasan D, Balamurugan R. Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrrolidine Derivatives from Easily Accessible Diethyl (E
)-4-Oxohex-2-enedioate. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Kumar Thota
- School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; 500046 Gauchibowli, Hyderabad Telangana India
| | | | - Rengarajan Balamurugan
- School of Chemistry; University of Hyderabad; 500046 Gauchibowli, Hyderabad Telangana India
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71
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Baker YR, Hodgkinson JT, Florea BI, Alza E, Galloway WRJD, Grimm L, Geddis SM, Overkleeft HS, Welch M, Spring DR. Identification of new quorum sensing autoinducer binding partners in Pseudomonas aeruginosa using photoaffinity probes. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7403-7411. [PMID: 29163891 PMCID: PMC5674140 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc01270e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many bacterial species, including the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, employ a mechanism of intercellular communication known as quorum sensing (QS), which is mediated by signalling molecules termed autoinducers. The Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS) and 2-Heptyl-3H-4-Quinolone (HHQ) are autoinducers in P. aeruginosa, and they are considered important factors in the progress of infections by this clinically relevant organism. Herein, we report the development of HHQ and PQS photoaffinity-based probes for chemical proteomic studies. Application of these probes led to the identification of previously unsuspected putative HHQ and PQS binders, thereby providing new insights into QS at a proteomic level and revealing potential new small molecule targets for virulence attenuation strategies. Notably, we found evidence that PQS binds RhlR, the cognate receptor in the Rhl QS sub-system of P. aeruginosa. This is the first indication of interaction between the Rhl and PQS systems at the protein/ligand level, which suggests that RhlR should be considered a highly attractive target for antivirulence strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Baker
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry , Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55 , 2333 CC Leiden , The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Cambridge , 80 Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , CB2 1GA , UK .
| | - J T Hodgkinson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Cambridge , 80 Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , CB2 1GA , UK .
| | - B I Florea
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry , Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55 , 2333 CC Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - E Alza
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - W R J D Galloway
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - L Grimm
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Cambridge , 80 Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , CB2 1GA , UK .
| | - S M Geddis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - H S Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry , Leiden University , Einsteinweg 55 , 2333 CC Leiden , The Netherlands
| | - M Welch
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Cambridge , 80 Tennis Court Road , Cambridge , CB2 1GA , UK .
| | - D R Spring
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge , CB2 1EW , UK .
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72
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Rhoads MK, Hauk P, Terrell J, Tsao CY, Oh H, Raghavan SR, Mansy SS, Payne GF, Bentley WE. Incorporating LsrK AI-2 quorum quenching capability in a functionalized biopolymer capsule. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 115:278-289. [PMID: 28782813 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial resistance is an issue of increasing severity as current antibiotics are losing their effectiveness and fewer antibiotics are being developed. New methods for combating bacterial virulence are required. Modulating molecular communication among bacteria can alter phenotype, including attachment to epithelia, biofilm formation, and even toxin production. Intercepting and modulating communication networks provide a means to attenuate virulence without directly interacting with the bacteria of interest. In this work, we target communication mediated by the quorum sensing (QS) bacterial autoinducer-2, AI-2. We have assembled a capsule of biological polymers alginate and chitosan, attached an AI-2 processing kinase, LsrK, and provided substrate, ATP, for enzymatic alteration of AI-2 in culture fluids. Correspondingly, AI-2 mediated QS activity is diminished. All components of this system are "biofabricated"-they are biologically derived and their assembly is accomplished using biological means. Initially, component quantities and kinetics were tested as assembled in microtiter plates. Subsequently, the identical components and assembly means were used to create the "artificial cell" capsules. The functionalized capsules, when introduced into populations of bacteria, alter the dynamics of the AI-2 bacterial communication, attenuating QS activated phenotypes. We envision the assembly of these and other capsules or similar materials, as means to alter QS activity in a biologically compatible manner and in many environments, including in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Rhoads
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Pricila Hauk
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Jessica Terrell
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Chen-Yu Tsao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Hyuntaek Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Srinivasa R Raghavan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Sheref S Mansy
- CIBIO-Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Gregory F Payne
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - William E Bentley
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.,Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
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73
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Jakobsen TH, Tolker-Nielsen T, Givskov M. Bacterial Biofilm Control by Perturbation of Bacterial Signaling Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091970. [PMID: 28902153 PMCID: PMC5618619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of effective strategies to combat biofilm infections by means of either mechanical or chemical approaches could dramatically change today’s treatment procedures for the benefit of thousands of patients. Remarkably, considering the increased focus on biofilms in general, there has still not been invented and/or developed any simple, efficient and reliable methods with which to “chemically” eradicate biofilm infections. This underlines the resilience of infective agents present as biofilms and it further emphasizes the insufficiency of today’s approaches used to combat chronic infections. A potential method for biofilm dismantling is chemical interception of regulatory processes that are specifically involved in the biofilm mode of life. In particular, bacterial cell to cell signaling called “Quorum Sensing” together with intracellular signaling by bis-(3′-5′)-cyclic-dimeric guanosine monophosphate (cyclic-di-GMP) have gained a lot of attention over the last two decades. More recently, regulatory processes governed by two component regulatory systems and small non-coding RNAs have been increasingly investigated. Here, we review novel findings and potentials of using small molecules to target and modulate these regulatory processes in the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa to decrease its pathogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Holm Jakobsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Tim Tolker-Nielsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Michael Givskov
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
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74
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Hossain MA, Lee SJ, Park NH, Mechesso AF, Birhanu BT, Kang J, Reza MA, Suh JW, Park SC. Impact of phenolic compounds in the acyl homoserine lactone-mediated quorum sensing regulatory pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10618. [PMID: 28878346 PMCID: PMC5587592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10997-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell density-dependent regulation of virulent bacterial gene expression by autoinducers that potentially pertains in the epidemic of bacterial virulence. This study was initially designed to evaluate the effect of 5 phenolic compounds in the modulation of QS and virulence factors of Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and to determine the mechanisms of their effects. Biosensor strains were used to assess antibacterial and anti-QS effect of these compounds. Only methyl gallate (MG) among these compounds demonstrated profound anti-QS effect in the preliminary study, and thus only MG was utilized further to evaluate the effects on the synthesis and activity of acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) in C. violaceum and on the modulation of biofilm, motility, proteolytic, elastase, pyocyanin, and rhamnolipid activity in P. aeruginosa. Finally, the effect of MG on the expression of QS-regulated genes of P. aeruginosa was verified. MG suppressed both the synthesis and activity of AHL in C. violaceum. It also restricted the biofilm formation and other QS-associated virulence factor of P. aeruginosa. MG concentration-dependently suppressed the expression of lasI/R, rhlI/R, and pqsA of P. aeruginosa and was non-toxic in in vitro study. This is the first report of the anti-QS mechanism of MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Akil Hossain
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.,Veterinary drugs & Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Lee
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Hye Park
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Abraham Fikru Mechesso
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Biruk Tesfaye Birhanu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - JeongWoo Kang
- Veterinary drugs & Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Ahsanur Reza
- Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University (Outer Campus), Babugonj, Barisal, 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Science campus, Myongji University, 449-728, Yongin, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Chun Park
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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75
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Abbas HA, Elsherbini AM, Shaldam MA. Repurposing metformin as a quorum sensing inhibitor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Afr Health Sci 2017; 17:808-819. [PMID: 29085409 PMCID: PMC5656202 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v17i3.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Quorum sensing is a mechanism of intercellular communication that controls the production of virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Inhibition of quorum sensing can disarm the virulence factors without exerting stress on bacterial growth that leads to emergence of antibiotic resistance. Objectives Finding a new quorum sensing inhibitor and determining its inhibitory activities against virulence factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strain. Methods Quorum sensing was evaluated by estimation of violacein production by Chromobacterium violaceum CV026. Molecular docking was used to investigate the possible binding of metformin to LasR and rhlR receptors. The inhibition of pyocyanin, hemolysin, protease, elastase in addition to swimming and twitching motilities, biofilm formation and resistance to oxidative stress by metformin was also assessed. Results Metformin significantly reduced the production of violacein pigment. Significant inhibition of pyocyanin, hemolysin, protease and elastase was achieved. Metformin markedly decreased biofilm formation, swimming and twitching motilities and increased the sensitivity to oxidative stress. In the molecular docking study, metformin could bind to LasR by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction and to rhlR by hydrogen bonding only. Conclusion Metformin can act as a quorum sensing inhibitor and virulence inhibiting agent that may be useful in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.
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76
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Turan NB, Chormey DS, Büyükpınar Ç, Engin GO, Bakirdere S. Quorum sensing: Little talks for an effective bacterial coordination. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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77
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Vasquez JK, Tal-Gan Y, Cornilescu G, Tyler KA, Blackwell HE. Simplified AIP-II Peptidomimetics Are Potent Inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus AgrC Quorum Sensing Receptors. Chembiochem 2017; 18:413-423. [PMID: 28006082 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus controls many aspects of virulence by using the accessory gene regulator (agr) quorum sensing (QS) system. The agr system is activated by a macrocyclic peptide signal known as an autoinducing peptide (AIP). We sought to develop structurally simplified mimetics of AIPs for use as chemical tools to study QS in S. aureus. Herein, we report new peptidomimetic AgrC receptor inhibitors based on a tail-truncated AIP-II peptide that have almost analogous inhibitory activities to the parent peptide. Structural comparison of one of these peptidomimetics to the parent peptide and a highly potent, all-peptide-derived, S. aureus agr inhibitor (AIP-III D4A) revealed a conserved hydrophobic motif and overall amphipathic nature. Our results suggest that the AIP scaffold is amenable to structural mimicry and minimization for the development of synthetic agr inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph K Vasquez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Yftah Tal-Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.,Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Gabriel Cornilescu
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, University of Wisconsin, 433 Babcock Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Kimberly A Tyler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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78
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Quorum Sensing and the Use of Quorum Quenchers as Natural Biocides to Inhibit Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2016; 5:antibiotics5040039. [PMID: 27983678 PMCID: PMC5187520 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics5040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are one of the main protagonist groups of biocorrosion in the seawater environment. Given their principal role in biocorrosion, it remains a crucial task to develop strategies to reduce the abundance of SRBs. Conventional approaches include the use of biocides and antibiotics, which can impose health, safety, and environmental concerns. This review examines an alternative approach to this problem. This is achieved by reviewing the role of quorum sensing (QS) in SRB populations and its impact on the biofilm formation process. Genome databases of SRBs are mined to look for putative QS systems and homologous protein sequences representative of autoinducer receptors or synthases. Subsequently, this review puts forward the potential use of quorum quenchers as natural biocides against SRBs and outlines the potential strategies for the implementation of this approach.
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79
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Abbas HA, Shaldam MA. Glyceryl trinitrate is a novel inhibitor of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Afr Health Sci 2016; 16:1109-1117. [PMID: 28479904 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v16i4.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting quorum sensing is an alternative approach to antibiotics.Targeting quorum sensing-regulated virulence will disarm the pathogen without exerting pressure on its growth. As a result, emergence of resistance is avoided and the immune system can easily eradicate bacteria. OBJECTIVES Investigation of the possible inhibition of quorum sensing-regulated virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by glyceryltrinitrate. METHODS The quorum sensing inhibiting activity of glyceryl trinitrate was assessed by inhibition of violacein production in Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472. Its ability to inhibit pyocyanin, protease, biofilm and tolerance to oxidative stress was evaluated. Docking study was performed to study the interference of glyceryl trinitrate with the binding of autoinducers with LasR and rhlR receptors. RESULTS Glyceryl trinitrate exerted a significant biofilm inhibiting and eradicating activities. It decreased the production of quorum-sensing dependent violacein production. It significantly inhibited the production of pyocyanin and protease and diminished the tolerance against oxidative stress. Molecular docking study showed that glyceryl trinitrate interferes with the binding of autoinducers to their receptors. It could bind to Las Rand rhlr receptors with binding energy of -93.47 and -77.23, respectively. CONCLUSION Glyceryl trinitrate can be an antivirulence agent in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa topical infections such as burn infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham A Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Moutaz A Shaldam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
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Ji C, Sharma I, Pratihar D, Hudson LL, Maura D, Guney T, Rahme LG, Pesci EC, Coleman JP, Tan DS. Designed Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Anthranilyl-CoA Synthetase PqsA Block Quinolone Biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:3061-3067. [PMID: 27658001 PMCID: PMC5117135 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
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The Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses three interconnected intercellular
signaling systems regulated
by the transcription factors LasR, RhlR, and MvfR (PqsR), which mediate
bacterial cell–cell communication via small-molecule natural
products and control the production of a variety of virulence factors.
The MvfR system is activated by and controls the biosynthesis of the
quinolone quorum sensing factors HHQ and PQS. A key step in the biosynthesis
of these quinolones is catalyzed by the anthranilyl-CoA synthetase
PqsA. To develop inhibitors of PqsA as novel potential antivirulence
antibiotics, we report herein the design and synthesis of sulfonyladeonsine-based
mimics of the anthranilyl-AMP reaction intermediate that is bound
tightly by PqsA. Biochemical, microbiological, and pharmacological
studies identified two potent PqsA inhibitors, anthranilyl-AMS (1) and anthranilyl-AMSN (2), that decreased HHQ
and PQS production in P. aeruginosa strain
PA14. However, these compounds did not inhibit
production of the virulence factor pyocyanin. Moreover, they exhibited
limited bacterial penetration in compound accumulation studies. This
work provides the most potent PqsA inhibitors reported to date and
sets the stage for future efforts to develop analogues with improved
cellular activity to investigate further the complex relationships
between quinolone biosynthesis and virulence factor production in P. aeruginosa and the therapeutic potential of targeting
PqsA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - L. Lynn Hudson
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, 600 Moye Boulevard, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, United States
| | - Damien Maura
- Department
of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusettts General Hospital, 50
Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | | | - Laurence G. Rahme
- Department
of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusettts General Hospital, 50
Blossom Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Shriners Hospitals for
Children Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Everett C. Pesci
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, 600 Moye Boulevard, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, United States
| | - James P. Coleman
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, 600 Moye Boulevard, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, United States
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81
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Palmer AG, Mukherjee A, Stacy DM, Lazar S, Ané JM, Blackwell HE. Interkingdom Responses to Bacterial Quorum Sensing Signals Regulate Frequency and Rate of Nodulation in Legume-Rhizobia Symbiosis. Chembiochem 2016; 17:2199-2205. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G. Palmer
- Department of Biological Sciences; Florida Institute of Technology; 150 West University Melbourne FL 32904 USA
| | - Arijit Mukherjee
- Department of Biology; University of Central Arkansas; 201 Donaghey Conway AK 72035 USA
| | - Danielle M. Stacy
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Stephen Lazar
- Department of Biological Sciences; Florida Institute of Technology; 150 West University Melbourne FL 32904 USA
| | - Jean-Michel Ané
- Department of Agronomy; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1575 Linden Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
- Department of Bacteriology; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1550 Linden Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Helen E. Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
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82
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Mathematical Modelling of Bacterial Quorum Sensing: A Review. Bull Math Biol 2016; 78:1585-639. [PMID: 27561265 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-016-0160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial quorum sensing (QS) refers to the process of cell-to-cell bacterial communication enabled through the production and sensing of the local concentration of small molecules called autoinducers to regulate the production of gene products (e.g. enzymes or virulence factors). Through autoinducers, bacteria interact with individuals of the same species, other bacterial species, and with their host. Among QS-regulated processes mediated through autoinducers are aggregation, biofilm formation, bioluminescence, and sporulation. Autoinducers are therefore "master" regulators of bacterial lifestyles. For over 10 years, mathematical modelling of QS has sought, in parallel to experimental discoveries, to elucidate the mechanisms regulating this process. In this review, we present the progress in mathematical modelling of QS, highlighting the various theoretical approaches that have been used and discussing some of the insights that have emerged. Modelling of QS has benefited almost from the onset of the involvement of experimentalists, with many of the papers which we review, published in non-mathematical journals. This review therefore attempts to give a broad overview of the topic to the mathematical biology community, as well as the current modelling efforts and future challenges.
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83
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Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Computational Screening to Design Quorum Sensing Inhibitors Targeting LuxP of Vibrio harveyi and Its Biological Evaluation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:192-218. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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84
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Singh BN, Prateeksha, Upreti DK, Singh BR, Defoirdt T, Gupta VK, De Souza AO, Singh HB, Barreira JCM, Ferreira ICFR, Vahabi K. Bactericidal, quorum quenching and anti-biofilm nanofactories: a new niche for nanotechnologists. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 37:525-540. [PMID: 27684212 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2016.1199010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite several conventional potent antibacterial therapies, bacterial infections pose a significant threat to human health because they are emerging as the leading cause of death worldwide. Due to the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, there is a pressing demand to discover novel approaches for developing more effective therapies to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and biofilm-associated infections. Therefore, attention has been especially devoted to a new and emerging branch of science "nanotechnology" to design non-conventional antimicrobial chemotherapies. A range of nanomaterials and nano-sized carriers for conventional antimicrobial agents have fully justified their potential to combat bacterial diseases by reducing cell viability, by attenuating quorum sensing, and by inhibiting/or eradicating biofilms. This communication summarizes emerging nano-antimicrobial therapies in treating bacterial infections, particularly using antibacterial, quorum quenching, and anti-biofilm nanomaterials as new approaches to tackle the current challenges in combating infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahma N Singh
- a Pharmacognosy & Ethnopharmacology Division , CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Prateeksha
- a Pharmacognosy & Ethnopharmacology Division , CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Dalip K Upreti
- b Lichenology laboratory , Plant Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Braj Raj Singh
- c TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, TERI Gram, The Energy and Resources Institute, Gurgaon , Haryana , India.,d Centre of Excellence in Materials Science (Nanomaterials), Z. H. College of Engineering and Technology , Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Tom Defoirdt
- d Centre of Excellence in Materials Science (Nanomaterials), Z. H. College of Engineering and Technology , Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh , Uttar Pradesh , India.,e Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center , Ghent University , Gent , Belgium
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- f Molecular Glyco-biotechnology Group, Discipline of Biochemistry , School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway , Galway , Ireland
| | | | - Harikesh Bahadur Singh
- h Mycology & Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi , Uttar Pardesh , India
| | - João C M Barreira
- i Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança , Campus de Santa Apolónia , Bragança , Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- i Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança , Campus de Santa Apolónia , Bragança , Portugal
| | - Khabat Vahabi
- j Biologisch-Pharmazeutische Fakultät , Institut für Allgemeine Botanik und Pflanzenphysiologie, Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena , Jena , Germany
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85
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Yang T, Tal-Gan Y, Paharik AE, Horswill AR, Blackwell HE. Structure-Function Analyses of a Staphylococcus epidermidis Autoinducing Peptide Reveals Motifs Critical for AgrC-type Receptor Modulation. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:1982-91. [PMID: 27159024 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is frequently implicated in human infections associated with indwelling medical devices due to its ubiquity in the skin flora and formation of robust biofilms. The accessory gene regulator (agr) quorum sensing (QS) system plays a prominent role in the establishment of biofilms and infection by this bacterium. Agr activation is mediated by the binding of a peptide signal (or autoinducing peptide, AIP) to its cognate AgrC receptor. Many questions remain about the role of QS in S. epidermidis infections, as well as in mixed-microbial populations on a host, and chemical modulators of its agr system could provide novel insights into this signaling network. The AIP ligand provides an initial scaffold for the development of such probes; however, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) for activation of S. epidermidis AgrC receptors by AIPs are largely unknown. Herein, we report the first SAR analyses of an S. epidermidis AIP by performing systematic alanine and d-amino acid scans of the S. epidermidis AIP-I. On the basis of these results, we designed and identified potent, pan-group inhibitors of the AgrC receptors in the three S. epidermidis agr groups, as well as a set of AIP-I analogs capable of selective AgrC inhibition in either specific S. epidermidis agr groups or in another common staphylococcal species, S. aureus. In addition, we uncovered a non-native peptide agonist of AgrC-I that can strongly inhibit S. epidermidis biofilm growth. Together, these synthetic analogs represent new and readily accessible probes for investigating the roles of QS in S. epidermidis colonization and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yftah Tal-Gan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Alexandra E. Paharik
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 431 Newton Rd., Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Alexander R. Horswill
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 431 Newton Rd., Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Helen E. Blackwell
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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86
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Morkunas B, Gal B, Galloway WRJD, Hodgkinson JT, Ibbeson BM, Tan YS, Welch M, Spring DR. Discovery of an inhibitor of the production of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factor pyocyanin in wild-type cells. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:1428-33. [PMID: 27559393 PMCID: PMC4979876 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyocyanin is a small molecule produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa that plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of infections by this notorious opportunistic pathogen. The inhibition of pyocyanin production has been identified as an attractive antivirulence strategy for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections. Herein, we report the discovery of an inhibitor of pyocyanin production in cultures of wild-type P. aeruginosa which is based around a 4-alkylquinolin-2(1H)-one scaffold. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported example of pyocyanin inhibition by a compound based around this molecular framework. The compound may therefore be representative of a new structural sub-class of pyocyanin inhibitors, which could potentially be exploited in in a therapeutic context for the development of critically needed new antipseudomonal agents. In this context, the use of wild-type cells in this study is notable, since the data obtained are of direct relevance to native situations. The compound could also be of value in better elucidating the role of pyocyanin in P. aeruginosa infections. Evidence suggests that the active compound reduces the level of pyocyanin production by inhibiting the cell–cell signalling mechanism known as quorum sensing. This could have interesting implications; quorum sensing regulates a range of additional elements associated with the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa and there is a wide range of other potential applications where the inhibition of quorum sensing is desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardas Morkunas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Balint Gal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - James T Hodgkinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Brett M Ibbeson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yaw Sing Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK; Bioinformatics Institute, ASTAR, 30 Biopolis Street, #07-01 Matrix, Singapore 138671
| | - Martin Welch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - David R Spring
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
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87
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Kratochvil MJ, Welsh MA, Manna U, Ortiz BJ, Blackwell HE, Lynn DM. Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces that Prevent Bacterial Surface Fouling and Inhibit Virulence Phenotypes in Surrounding Planktonic Cells. ACS Infect Dis 2016; 2:509-17. [PMID: 27626103 PMCID: PMC5198836 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.6b00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Surfaces that can both prevent bacterial biofouling and inhibit the expression of virulence phenotypes in surrounding planktonic bacteria are of interest in a broad range of contexts. Here, we report new slippery-liquid infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) that resist bacterial colonization (owing to inherent "slippery" surface character) and also attenuate virulence phenotypes in non-adherent cells by gradually releasing small-molecule quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs). QSIs active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be loaded into SLIPS without loss of their slippery and antifouling properties, and imbedded agents can be released into surrounding media over hours to days depending on the structures of the loaded agent. This controlled-release approach is useful for inhibiting virulence factor production and can also inhibit bacterial biofilm formation on nearby, non-SLIPS-coated surfaces. Finally, we demonstrate that this approach is compatible with the simultaneous release of more than one type of QSI, enabling greater control over virulence and suggesting new opportunities to tune the antifouling properties of these slippery surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Kratochvil
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael A Welsh
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Uttam Manna
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Benjamín J Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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88
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Welsh MA, Blackwell HE. Chemical probes of quorum sensing: from compound development to biological discovery. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2016; 40:774-94. [PMID: 27268906 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuw009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can utilize chemical signals to coordinate the expression of group-beneficial behaviors in a method of cell-cell communication called quorum sensing (QS). The discovery that QS controls the production of virulence factors and biofilm formation in many common pathogens has driven an explosion of research aimed at both deepening our fundamental understanding of these regulatory networks and developing chemical agents that can attenuate QS signaling. The inherently chemical nature of QS makes studying these pathways with small molecule tools a complementary approach to traditional microbiology techniques. Indeed, chemical tools are beginning to yield new insights into QS regulation and provide novel strategies to inhibit QS. Here, we review the most recent advances in the development of chemical probes of QS systems in Gram-negative bacteria, with an emphasis on the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa We first describe reports of novel small molecule modulators of QS receptors and QS signal synthases. Next, in several case studies, we showcase how chemical tools have been deployed to reveal new knowledge of QS biology and outline lessons for how researchers might best target QS to combat bacterial virulence. To close, we detail the outstanding challenges in the field and suggest strategies to overcome these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Welsh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA
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89
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Joshi JR, Burdman S, Lipsky A, Yariv S, Yedidia I. Plant phenolic acids affect the virulence of Pectobacterium aroidearum and P. carotovorum ssp. brasiliense via quorum sensing regulation. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2016; 17:487-500. [PMID: 26177258 PMCID: PMC6638513 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have reported effects of the plant phenolic acids cinnamic acid (CA) and salicylic acid (SA) on the virulence of soft rot enterobacteria. However, the mechanisms involved in these processes are not yet fully understood. Here, we investigated whether CA and SA interfere with the quorum sensing (QS) system of two Pectobacterium species, P. aroidearum and P. carotovorum ssp. brasiliense, which are known to produce N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) QS signals. Our results clearly indicate that both phenolic compounds affect the QS machinery of the two species, consequently altering the expression of bacterial virulence factors. Although, in control treatments, the expression of QS-related genes increased over time, the exposure of bacteria to non-lethal concentrations of CA or SA inhibited the expression of QS genes, including expI, expR, PC1_1442 (luxR transcriptional regulator) and luxS (a component of the AI-2 system). Other virulence genes known to be regulated by the QS system, such as pecS, pel, peh and yheO, were also down-regulated relative to the control. In agreement with the low levels of expression of expI and expR, CA and SA also reduced the level of the AHL signal. The effects of CA and SA on AHL signalling were confirmed in compensation assays, in which exogenous application of N-(β-ketocaproyl)-l-homoserine lactone (eAHL) led to the recovery of the reduction in virulence caused by the two phenolic acids. Collectively, the results of gene expression studies, bioluminescence assays, virulence assays and compensation assays with eAHL clearly support a mechanism by which CA and SA interfere with Pectobacterium virulence via the QS machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janak Raj Joshi
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and the Otto Warburg Minerva Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Saul Burdman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology and the Otto Warburg Minerva Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alexander Lipsky
- Department of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Shaked Yariv
- Department of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Iris Yedidia
- Department of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
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90
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O’Reilly MC, Blackwell HE. Structure-Based Design and Biological Evaluation of Triphenyl Scaffold-Based Hybrid Compounds as Hydrolytically Stable Modulators of a LuxR-Type Quorum Sensing Receptor. ACS Infect Dis 2016; 2:32-38. [PMID: 26807436 PMCID: PMC4709822 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.5b00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Many
common bacterial pathogens utilize quorum sensing to coordinate group
behaviors and initiate virulence at high cell densities. The use of
small molecules to block quorum sensing provides a means of abrogating
pathogenic phenotypes, but many known quorum sensing modulators have
limitations, including hydrolytic instability and displaying non-monotonic
dose curves (indicative of additional targets and/or modes of action).
To address these issues, we undertook a structure-based scaffold-hopping
approach to develop new chemical modulators of the LasR quorum sensing
receptor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
We combined components from a triphenyl derivative known to strongly
agonize LasR with chemical moieties known for LasR antagonism and
generated potent LasR antagonists that are hydrolytically stable across
a range of pH values. Additionally, many of these antagonists do not
exhibit non-monotonic dose effects, delivering probes that inhibit
LasR across a wider range of assay conditions relative to known lactone-based
ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. O’Reilly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Helen E. Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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91
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Zhang W, Li C. Exploiting Quorum Sensing Interfering Strategies in Gram-Negative Bacteria for the Enhancement of Environmental Applications. Front Microbiol 2016; 6:1535. [PMID: 26779175 PMCID: PMC4705238 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a widespread intercellular form of communication to coordinate physiological processes and cooperative activities of bacteria at the population level, and it depends on the production, secretion, and detection of small diffusible autoinducers, such as acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), auto-inducing oligo-peptides (AIPs) and autoinducer 2. In this review, the function of QS autoinducers of gram-negative bacteria in different aspects of wastewater treatment systems is examined. Based on research primarily performed over the past 10 years, QS involvement in the formation of biofilm and aerobic granules and changes of the microbial community and degradation/transformation pathways is discussed. In particular, the QS pathway in the role of bacterial infections and disease prevention in aquaculture is addressed. Interference of QS autoinducer-regulated pathways is considered potential treatment for a variety of environmentally related problems. This review is expected to serve as a stepping stone for further study and development strategies based on the mediation of QS-regulated pathways to enhance applications in both wastewater treatment systems and aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Aquaculture, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University Ningbo, China
| | - Chenghua Li
- Department of Aquaculture, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University Ningbo, China
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92
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Glišić BĐ, Aleksic I, Comba P, Wadepohl H, Ilic-Tomic T, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Djuran MI. Copper(ii) complexes with aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycles as effective inhibitors of quorum sensing activity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19902j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper(ii) complexes with aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycles are a new class of quorum sensing inhibitors that attenuate virulence without a pronounced effect on the bacterial growth, thus offering a lower risk for resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Đ. Glišić
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Kragujevac
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Ivana Aleksic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Peter Comba
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institüt and Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
- Heidelberg University
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Hubert Wadepohl
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institüt and Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
- Heidelberg University
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Tatjana Ilic-Tomic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | | | - Miloš I. Djuran
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Kragujevac
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
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93
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Yang Q, Wang L, Gao J, Liu X, Feng Y, Wu Q, Baloch AB, Cui L, Xia X. Tannin-Rich Fraction from Pomegranate Rind Inhibits Quorum Sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum and Biofilm Formation in Escherichia coli. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2015; 13:28-35. [PMID: 26594817 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2015.2027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate rind has been found to inhibit numerous pathogens, mostly attributed to its tannin fraction. The present study was conducted to investigate the quorum sensing (QS) inhibition effect of tannin-rich fraction from pomegranate rind (TFPR) by using an indicator strain Chromobacterium violaceum. Meanwhile, its effect on biofilm formation and motility of Escherichia coli was evaluated. It was shown that TFPR inhibited QS-regulated violacein pigment production. Biofilm formation and motility of E. coli were also hindered by TFPR. Transcriptional analysis further showed that TFPR repressed expressions of curli genes (csgB and csgD) and various motility genes (fimA, fimH, flhD, motB, qseB, and qseC). Our findings indicated that TFPR has potential application for controlling E. coli contaminations or biofilms in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinnan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingfang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianxue Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuqing Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Allah Bux Baloch
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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94
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Lee JH, Wood TK, Lee J. Roles of Indole as an Interspecies and Interkingdom Signaling Molecule. Trends Microbiol 2015; 23:707-718. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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95
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Eibergen NR, Moore JD, Mattmann ME, Blackwell HE. Potent and Selective Modulation of the RhlR Quorum Sensing Receptor by Using Non-native Ligands: An Emerging Target for Virulence Control in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chembiochem 2015; 16:2348-56. [PMID: 26460240 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses N-acylated L-homoserine lactone signals and a triumvirate of LuxR-type receptor proteins--LasR, RhlR, and QscR--for quorum sensing (QS). Each of these receptors can contribute to QS activation or repression and, thereby, the control of myriad virulence phenotypes in this pathogen. LasR has traditionally been considered to be at the top of the QS receptor hierarchy in P. aeruginosa; however, recent reports suggest that RhlR plays a more prominent role in infection than originally predicted, in some circumstances superseding that of LasR. Herein, we report the characterization of a set of synthetic, small-molecule agonists and antagonists of RhlR. Using E. coli reporter strains, we demonstrated that many of these compounds can selectively activate or inhibit RhlR instead of LasR and QscR. Moreover, several molecules maintain their activities in P. aeruginosa at concentrations analogous to native RhlR signal levels. These compounds represent useful chemical probes to study the role of RhlR in the complex QS circuitry of P. aeruginosa, its direct (and indirect) effects on virulence, and its overall merit as a target for anti-infective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora R Eibergen
- Dow Microbial Control, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, PA, 19426, USA
| | - Joseph D Moore
- Dow Microbial Control, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, PA, 19426, USA
| | | | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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96
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Kratochvil MJ, Tal-Gan Y, Yang T, Blackwell HE, Lynn DM. Nanoporous Superhydrophobic Coatings that Promote the Extended Release of Water-Labile Quorum Sensing Inhibitors and Enable Long-Term Modulation of Quorum Sensing in Staphylococcus aureus. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:1039-1049. [PMID: 26501126 PMCID: PMC4604486 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Materials and coatings that inhibit
bacterial colonization are
of interest in a broad range of biomedical, environmental, and industrial
applications. In view of the rapid increase in bacterial resistance
to conventional antibiotics, the development of new strategies that
target nonessential pathways in bacterial pathogens—and that
thereby limit growth and reduce virulence through nonbiocidal means—has
attracted considerable attention. Bacterial quorum sensing (QS) represents
one such target, and is intimately connected to virulence in many
human pathogens. Here, we demonstrate that the properties of nanoporous,
polymer-based superhydrophobic coatings can be exploited to host and
subsequently sustain the extended release of potent and water-labile
peptide-based inhibitors of QS (QSIs) in Staphylococcus aureus. Our results demonstrate that these peptidic QSIs can be released
into surrounding media for periods of at least 8 months, and that
they strongly inhibit agr-based QS in S. aureus for
at least 40 days. These results also suggest that these extremely
nonwetting coatings can confer protection against the rapid hydrolysis
of these water-labile peptides, thereby extending their useful lifetimes.
Finally, we demonstrate that these peptide-loaded superhydrophobic
coatings can strongly modulate the QS-controlled formation of biofilm
in wild-type S. aureus. These nanoporous superhydrophobic
films provide a new, useful, and nonbiocidal approach to the design
of coatings that attenuate bacterial virulence. This approach has
the potential to be general, and could prove suitable for the encapsulation,
protection, and release of other classes of water-sensitive agents.
We anticipate that the materials, strategies, and concepts reported
here will enable new approaches to the long-term attenuation of QS
and associated bacterial phenotypes in a range of basic research and
applied contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Kratochvil
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin - Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yftah Tal-Gan
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin - Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin - Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin - Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - David M Lynn
- Department of Chemistry, 1101 University Avenue, University of Wisconsin - Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States ; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1415 Engineering Drive, University of Wisconsin - Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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97
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McConoughey SJ, Howlin R, Granger JF, Manring MM, Calhoun JH, Shirtliff M, Kathju S, Stoodley P. Biofilms in periprosthetic orthopedic infections. Future Microbiol 2015; 9:987-1007. [PMID: 25302955 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.14.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the number of total joint arthroplasty and internal fixation procedures continues to rise, the threat of infection following surgery has significant clinical implications. These infections may have highly morbid consequences to patients, who often endure additional surgeries and lengthy exposures to systemic antibiotics, neither of which are guaranteed to resolve the infection. Of particular concern is the threat of bacterial biofilm development, since biofilm-mediated infections are difficult to diagnose and effective treatments are lacking. Developing therapeutic strategies have targeted mechanisms of biofilm formation and the means by which these bacteria communicate with each other to take on specialized roles such as persister cells within the biofilm. In addition, prevention of infection through novel coatings for prostheses and the local delivery of high concentrations of antibiotics by absorbable carriers has shown promise in laboratory and animal studies. Biofilm development, especially in an arthoplasty environment, and future diagnostic and treatment options are discussed.
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98
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Kell D, Potgieter M, Pretorius E. Individuality, phenotypic differentiation, dormancy and 'persistence' in culturable bacterial systems: commonalities shared by environmental, laboratory, and clinical microbiology. F1000Res 2015; 4:179. [PMID: 26629334 PMCID: PMC4642849 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.6709.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
For bacteria, replication mainly involves growth by binary fission. However, in a very great many natural environments there are examples of phenotypically dormant, non-growing cells that do not replicate immediately and that are phenotypically 'nonculturable' on media that normally admit their growth. They thereby evade detection by conventional culture-based methods. Such dormant cells may also be observed in laboratory cultures and in clinical microbiology. They are usually more tolerant to stresses such as antibiotics, and in clinical microbiology they are typically referred to as 'persisters'. Bacterial cultures necessarily share a great deal of relatedness, and inclusive fitness theory implies that there are conceptual evolutionary advantages in trading a variation in growth rate against its mean, equivalent to hedging one's bets. There is much evidence that bacteria exploit this strategy widely. We here bring together data that show the commonality of these phenomena across environmental, laboratory and clinical microbiology. Considerable evidence, using methods similar to those common in environmental microbiology, now suggests that many supposedly non-communicable, chronic and inflammatory diseases are exacerbated (if not indeed largely caused) by the presence of dormant or persistent bacteria (the ability of whose components to cause inflammation is well known). This dormancy (and resuscitation therefrom) often reflects the extent of the availability of free iron. Together, these phenomena can provide a ready explanation for the continuing inflammation common to such chronic diseases and its correlation with iron dysregulation. This implies that measures designed to assess and to inhibit or remove such organisms (or their access to iron) might be of much therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Kell
- School of Chemistry and The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, Lancashire, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Marnie Potgieter
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
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99
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Kell D, Potgieter M, Pretorius E. Individuality, phenotypic differentiation, dormancy and 'persistence' in culturable bacterial systems: commonalities shared by environmental, laboratory, and clinical microbiology. F1000Res 2015; 4:179. [PMID: 26629334 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.6709.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
For bacteria, replication mainly involves growth by binary fission. However, in a very great many natural environments there are examples of phenotypically dormant, non-growing cells that do not replicate immediately and that are phenotypically 'nonculturable' on media that normally admit their growth. They thereby evade detection by conventional culture-based methods. Such dormant cells may also be observed in laboratory cultures and in clinical microbiology. They are usually more tolerant to stresses such as antibiotics, and in clinical microbiology they are typically referred to as 'persisters'. Bacterial cultures necessarily share a great deal of relatedness, and inclusive fitness theory implies that there are conceptual evolutionary advantages in trading a variation in growth rate against its mean, equivalent to hedging one's bets. There is much evidence that bacteria exploit this strategy widely. We here bring together data that show the commonality of these phenomena across environmental, laboratory and clinical microbiology. Considerable evidence, using methods similar to those common in environmental microbiology, now suggests that many supposedly non-communicable, chronic and inflammatory diseases are exacerbated (if not indeed largely caused) by the presence of dormant or persistent bacteria (the ability of whose components to cause inflammation is well known). This dormancy (and resuscitation therefrom) often reflects the extent of the availability of free iron. Together, these phenomena can provide a ready explanation for the continuing inflammation common to such chronic diseases and its correlation with iron dysregulation. This implies that measures designed to assess and to inhibit or remove such organisms (or their access to iron) might be of much therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Kell
- School of Chemistry and The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, Lancashire, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Marnie Potgieter
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Arcadia, 0007, South Africa
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100
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Hayashi H. Frontier studies on highly selective bio-regulators useful for environmentally benign agricultural production. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:877-87. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1015954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Fungal metabolites active for insects were obtained from fermentation products using okara media. The mechanisms of action of these compounds against insects were clarified using voltage clamp electrophysiology. The branching factor inducing hyphal branching in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi was isolated from the root exudates of Lotus japonicus and identified as 5-deoxystrigol. Strigolactones were originally identified as seed germination stimulants of parasitic weeds; therefore, synthetic strigolactones were developed to exhibit the inducing activity of hyphal branching in AM fungi and diminish the stimulating activity of seed germination of parasitic weeds. Signaling molecules, acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs), in quorum sensing were identified in the fungal strain Mortierella alpina A-178, and the true producer of AHLs was clarified as symbiotic bacteria in the fungus. Since acyl-(S)-adenosylmethionine analogs may be good candidates for competitive inhibitors of AHL synthases, intermediate mimics in the biosynthesis of AHLs have been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Hayashi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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