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BIDHENDI A, CHEBLI Y, GEITMANN A. Fluorescence visualization of cellulose and pectin in the primary plant cell wall. J Microsc 2020; 278:164-181. [DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.J. BIDHENDI
- Department of Plant ScienceMcGill UniversityMacdonald Campus Ste‐Anne‐de‐Bellevue Québec Canada
| | - Y. CHEBLI
- Department of Plant ScienceMcGill UniversityMacdonald Campus Ste‐Anne‐de‐Bellevue Québec Canada
| | - A. GEITMANN
- Department of Plant ScienceMcGill UniversityMacdonald Campus Ste‐Anne‐de‐Bellevue Québec Canada
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52
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Jiang D, Ge X, Zhang T, Chen Z, Zhang Z, He C, Zhang Q, Li Y. Effect of alkaline pretreatment on photo-fermentative hydrogen production from giant reed: Comparison of NaOH and Ca(OH) 2. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 304:123001. [PMID: 32088626 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Giant reed was the first time used for photo-fermentative hydrogen production with HAU-M1 bacteria. Effects of NaOH and Ca(OH)2 pretreatments of giant reed on structural changes, enzymatic digestibility, hydrogen production, and energy conversion efficiency were evaluated. Compared to Ca(OH)2 pretreatment, NaOH pretreatment removed more dry matter and lignin at the same loading. The highest glucose yield (44.9%) of NaOH pretreatment was 1.74-fold higher than that of Ca(OH)2 pretreatment. 20% NaOH pretreated giant reed biomass achieved the highest hydrogen yield (98.3 mL/g TS), which was 20% and 70% higher than the highest level of Ca(OH)2 pretreated (20% Ca(OH)2) and untreated giant reed, respectively. Only giant reed biomass pretreated with 20% NaOH resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase (25%) in energy conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Agricultural Ministry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691 4096, United States
| | - Xumeng Ge
- Quasar Energy Group, 2705 Selby Road, Wooster, OH 44691 4096, United States
| | - Tian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Agricultural Ministry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Agricultural Ministry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Ave., Wooster, OH 44691 4096, United States
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Agricultural Ministry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chao He
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Agricultural Ministry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Quanguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Agricultural Ministry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Yebo Li
- Quasar Energy Group, 2705 Selby Road, Wooster, OH 44691 4096, United States
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53
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Felhofer M, Bock P, Singh A, Prats-Mateu B, Zirbs R, Gierlinger N. Wood Deformation Leads to Rearrangement of Molecules at the Nanoscale. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2647-2653. [PMID: 32196350 PMCID: PMC7146868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Wood, as the most abundant carbon dioxide storing bioresource, is currently driven beyond its traditional use through creative innovations and nanotechnology. For many properties the micro- and nanostructure plays a crucial role and one key challenge is control and detection of chemical and physical processes in the confined microstructure and nanopores of the wooden cell wall. In this study, correlative Raman and atomic force microscopy show high potential for tracking in situ molecular rearrangement of wood polymers during compression. More water molecules (interpreted as wider cellulose microfibril distances) and disentangling of hemicellulose chains are detected in the opened cell wall regions, whereas an increase of lignin is revealed in the compressed areas. These results support a new more "loose" cell wall model based on flexible lignin nanodomains and advance our knowledge of the molecular reorganization during deformation of wood for optimized processing and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Felhofer
- Institute
for Biophysics, Department of Nanobiotechnology (DNBT), University of Natural Resources and Life (BOKU) Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11/II, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Bock
- Institute
for Biophysics, Department of Nanobiotechnology (DNBT), University of Natural Resources and Life (BOKU) Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11/II, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Adya Singh
- Institute
for Biophysics, Department of Nanobiotechnology (DNBT), University of Natural Resources and Life (BOKU) Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11/II, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Batirtze Prats-Mateu
- Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Ronald Zirbs
- Institute
for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology
(DNBT), University of Natural Resources
and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11/II, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Notburga Gierlinger
- Institute
for Biophysics, Department of Nanobiotechnology (DNBT), University of Natural Resources and Life (BOKU) Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11/II, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- E-mail:
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54
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Different Cell Wall-Degradation Ability Leads to Tissue-Specificity between Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv . oryzicola. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9030187. [PMID: 32143474 PMCID: PMC7157550 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9030187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) lead to the devastating rice bacterial diseases and have a very close genetic relationship. There are tissue-specificity differences between Xoo and Xoc, i.e., Xoo only proliferating in xylem vessels and Xoc spreading in intercellular space of mesophyll cell. But there is little known about the determinants of tissue-specificity between Xoo and Xoc. Here we show that Xoc can spread in the intercellular spaces of mesophyll cells to form streak lesions. But Xoo is restricted to growth in the intercellular spaces of mesophyll cells on the inoculation sites. In vivo, Xoc largely breaks the surface and inner structures of cell wall in mesophyll cells in comparison with Xoo. In vitro, Xoc strongly damages the cellulose filter paper in comparison with Xoo. These results suggest that the stronger cell wall-degradation ability of Xoc than that of Xoo may be directly determining the tissue-specificity.
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Zhan J, Huang H, Yu H, Zhang X, Zheng Z, Wang Y, Liu T, Li T. The combined effects of Cd and Pb enhanced metal binding by root cell walls of the phytostabilizer Athyrium wardii (Hook.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113663. [PMID: 31796316 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall acts as a major metal sink in plant roots, while a few studies focused on root cell wall binding in plants for the phytostabilization of multi-metal contaminated soils. A pot experiment was performed to characterize root cell wall properties of the mining ecotype (ME) and non-mining ecotype (NME) of Athyrium wardii (Hook.) in response to Cd and Pb. The cell wall was found to be the major sink for Cd (41.3-54.3%) and Pb (71.4-73.8%) accumulation in roots of the ME when exposed to Cd and/or Pb. The ME showed more Cd and Pb accumulation in root cell walls when exposed to Cd and Pb simultaneously, compared with those exposed to single Cd or Pb as well as the NME, suggesting some modifications for cell walls. The uronic acid contents of pectin and hemicellulose 1 (HC1) in root cell walls of the ME increased significantly when exposed to Cd and Pb simultaneously, suggesting enhanced cell wall binding capacity, thus resulting in more Cd and Pb bound to pectin and HC1. In particular, pectin was found to be the predominant binding site for Cd and Pb. Greater pectin methylesterase activity along with a lower degree of methylesterification were observed in the cell walls of the ME when exposed to Cd and Pb simultaneously. Furthermore, the ME present more O-H, N-H, C-OH, C-O-C, C-C and/or Ar-H in root cell walls when exposed to Cd and Pb simultaneously. These changes of root cell wall properties of the ME lead to enhanced cell wall binding ability in response to the co-contamination of Cd and Pb, thus could be considered a key process for enhanced Cd and Pb accumulation in roots of the ME when exposed to Cd and Pb simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhan
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Huagang Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Haiying Yu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xizhou Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zicheng Zheng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yongdong Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Tingxuan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.
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56
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Beć KB, Grabska J, Bonn GK, Popp M, Huck CW. Principles and Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopic Imaging in Plant Science: A Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1226. [PMID: 32849759 PMCID: PMC7427587 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Detailed knowledge about plant chemical constituents and their distributions from organ level to sub-cellular level is of critical interest to basic and applied sciences. Spectral imaging techniques offer unparalleled advantages in that regard. The core advantage of these technologies is that they acquire spatially distributed semi-quantitative information of high specificity towards chemical constituents of plants. This forms invaluable asset in the studies on plant biochemical and structural features. In certain applications, non-invasive analysis is possible. The information harvested through spectral imaging can be used for exploration of plant biochemistry, physiology, metabolism, classification, and phenotyping among others, with significant gains for basic and applied research. This article aims to present a general perspective about vibrational spectral imaging/micro-spectroscopy in the context of plant research. Within the scope of this review are infrared (IR), near-infrared (NIR) and Raman imaging techniques. To better expose the potential and limitations of these techniques, fluorescence imaging is briefly overviewed as a method relatively less flexible but particularly powerful for the investigation of photosynthesis. Included is a brief introduction to the physical, instrumental, and data-analytical background essential for the applications of imaging techniques. The applications are discussed on the basis of recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof B. Beć
- CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria
- *Correspondence: Krzysztof B. Beć, ; Christian W. Huck,
| | - Justyna Grabska
- CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günther K. Bonn
- CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria
- ADSI, Austrian Drug Screening Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Popp
- Michael Popp Research Institute for New Phyto Entities, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian W. Huck
- CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria
- *Correspondence: Krzysztof B. Beć, ; Christian W. Huck,
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Ren A, Ahmed RI, Chen H, Han L, Sun J, Ding A, Guo Y, Kong Y. Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Patterns of the Pectin Methylesterase Inhibitor Genes in Sorghum bicolor. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100755. [PMID: 31561536 PMCID: PMC6826626 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell walls are basically complex with dynamic structures that are being involved in several growth and developmental processes, as well as responses to environmental stresses and the defense mechanism. Pectin is secreted into the cell wall in a highly methylesterified form. It is able to perform function after the de-methylesterification by pectin methylesterase (PME). Whereas, the pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI) plays a key role in plant cell wall modification through inhibiting the PME activity. It provides pectin with different levels of degree of methylesterification to affect the cell wall structures and properties. The PME activity was analyzed in six tissues of Sorghum bicolor, and found a high level in the leaf and leaf sheath. PMEI families have been identified in many plant species. Here, a total of 55 pectin methylesterase inhibitor genes (PMEIs) were identified from S. bicolor whole genome, a more detailed annotation of this crop plant as compared to the previous study. Chromosomal localization, gene structures and sequence characterization of the PMEI family were analyzed. Moreover, cis-acting elements analysis revealed that each PMEI gene was regulated by both internal and environmental factors. The expression patterns of each PMEI gene were also clustered according to expression pattern analyzed in 47 tissues under different developmental stages. Furthermore, some SbPMEIs were induced when treated with hormonal and abiotic stress. Taken together, these results laid a strong foundation for further study of the functions of SbPMEIs and pectin modification during plant growth and stress responses of cereal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angyan Ren
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Rana Imtiaz Ahmed
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
- Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad 38850, Pakistan.
| | - Huanyu Chen
- Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shijiazhuang 050021, China.
| | - Linhe Han
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Jinhao Sun
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Anming Ding
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Yongfeng Guo
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Yingzhen Kong
- College of Agronomy of Qing Dao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266108, China.
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