51
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Fujitsuka M, Cho DW, Solladié N, Troiani V, Qiu H, Majima T. S2- and S1-states properties of zinc porphyrin polypeptides. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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52
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Rhee H, Joo T, Aratani N, Osuka A, Cho S, Kim D. Intramolecular and intermolecular energy transfers in donor-acceptor linear porphyrin arrays. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:074902. [PMID: 16942375 DOI: 10.1063/1.2333509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present highly time-resolved spontaneous fluorescence spectra of a porphyrin array system that consists of an energy donor and an acceptor linked by a phenyl group. The donors are meso-meso directly linked zinc(II) porphyrin arrays and the acceptor is a zinc(II) 5,15-di(phenylethynyl)porphyrin. The spectra over the entire Q (S1) emission band following the excitation of the donor B (S2) state have been measured directly without the conventional spectral reconstruction method. The time-resolved fluorescence spectra revealed detailed energy relaxation processes within the donor and subsequent energy transfer to the acceptor. The observed energy transfer rates to the acceptor are consistent with the Forster energy transfer rates calculated on the assumption that the energy is localized in the Q state of each porphyrin unit of the donor prior to the energy transfer. The passage of the energy deposited initially on one porphyrin unit of the donor to the acceptor illustrates a sequence of energy delocalization and localization processes before it finally reaches the acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanju Rhee
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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53
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Kobuke
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916‐5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630‐0192, Japan, Fax: +81‐743‐72‐6119
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54
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Fujitsuka M, Cho DW, Shiragami T, Yasuda M, Majima T. Intramolecular Electron Transfer from Axial Ligand to S2-Excited Sb-Tetraphenylporphyrin. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:9368-70. [PMID: 16686477 DOI: 10.1021/jp062023r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The S(2) state properties of Sb-tetraphenylporphyrin (SbTPP) derivatives were investigated using subpicosecond spectroscopic methods. The S(2) fluorescence of various SbTPP derivatives was observed for the first time. It was revealed that the S(2) fluorescence lifetime changed depending on the donor-ability of the ligand because of the contribution of the charge separation to the S(2) excited SbTPP, which was confirmed by transient absorption spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Fujitsuka
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
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55
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Liu W, Liu Y, Yan Y, Liu K, Guo L, Xu C, Qian S. The Observation of Ultrafast Excited-state Dynamical Evolution In B800- Partially or Completely Released LH2 of Rhodobacter sphaeroides601 at Room Temperature. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2006; 23:529-36. [PMID: 16494502 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2006.10507077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamics of two kinds of peripheral antenna complexes (LH2 of Rhodobacter sphaeroides, native LH2 (RS601) and B800-released LH2 where B800-BChls were partially or completely removed with different pH treatments), were studied using femtosecond pump-probe technique at different laser wavelengths. The obtained results for these samples with different B800/B850 ratios demonstrated that under the excitation around B800 nm, the photoabsorption and photobleaching dynamics were caused by the direct excitation of upper excitonic levels of B850 and excited state of B800 pigments, respectively. Furthermore, the removal of B800 pigments had little effect on the energy transfer processes of B850 interband/intraband transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Liu
- Physics Department, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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56
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de Ruijter WPF, Oellerich S, Segura JM, Lawless AM, Papiz M, Aartsma TJ. Observation of the energy-level structure of the low-light adapted B800 LH4 complex by single-molecule spectroscopy. Biophys J 2004; 87:3413-20. [PMID: 15326024 PMCID: PMC1304807 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.104.044719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-light adapted B800 light-harvesting complex 4 (LH4) from Rhodopseudomonas palustris is a complex in which the arrangement of the bacteriochloropyll a pigments is very different from the well-known B800-850 LH2 complex. For bulk samples, the main spectroscopic feature in the near-infrared is the occurrence of a single absorption band at 802 nm. Single-molecule spectroscopy can resolve the narrow bands that are associated with the exciton states of the individual complexes. The low temperature (1.2 K) fluorescence excitation spectra of individual LH4 complexes are very heterogeneous and display unique features. It is shown that an exciton model can adequately reproduce the polarization behavior of the complex, the experimental distributions of the number of observed peaks per complex, and the widths of the absorption bands. The results indicate that the excited states are mainly localized on one or a few subunits of the complex and provide further evidence supporting the recently proposed structure model.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P F de Ruijter
- Department of Biophysics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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57
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Herek JL, Wendling M, He Z, Polívka T, Garcia-Asua G, Cogdell RJ, Hunter CN, van Grondelle R, Sundström V, Pullerits T. Ultrafast Carotenoid Band Shifts: Experiment and Theory. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp040094p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Herek
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - M. Wendling
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - Z. He
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - T. Polívka
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - G. Garcia-Asua
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - R. J. Cogdell
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - C. N. Hunter
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - R. van Grondelle
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - V. Sundström
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
| | - T. Pullerits
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden, Krebs Institute and Robert Hill Institute for Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, U. K., Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, IBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U. K., and FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan
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58
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Polívka T, Sundström V. Ultrafast dynamics of carotenoid excited States-from solution to natural and artificial systems. Chem Rev 2004; 104:2021-71. [PMID: 15080720 DOI: 10.1021/cr020674n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 642] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Polívka
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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59
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Subramanian V, Evans DG. Excitation Energy Transfer in Model Light-Harvesting Antennae. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp034196b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87113
| | - Deborah G. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87113
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60
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Kodis G, Herrero C, Palacios R, Mariño-Ochoa E, Gould S, de la Garza L, van Grondelle R, Gust D, Moore TA, Moore AL, Kennis JTM. Light Harvesting and Photoprotective Functions of Carotenoids in Compact Artificial Photosynthetic Antenna Designs. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp036139o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerdenis Kodis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Christian Herrero
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rodrigo Palacios
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ernesto Mariño-Ochoa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Stephanie Gould
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Linda de la Garza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Devens Gust
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Thomas A. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ana L. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - John T. M. Kennis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, Department of Biophysics, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Institute of Physics, Savanoriu 231, LT-2053 Vilnius, Lithuania
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61
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Cho HS, Rhee H, Song JK, Min CK, Takase M, Aratani N, Cho S, Osuka A, Joo T, Kim D. Excitation energy transport processes of porphyrin monomer, dimer, cyclic trimer, and hexamer probed by ultrafast fluorescence anisotropy decay. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:5849-60. [PMID: 12733926 DOI: 10.1021/ja021476g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Femtosecond fluorescence anisotropy measurements for a variety of cyclic porphyrin arrays such as Zn(II)porphyrin m-trimer and hexamer are reported along with o-dimer and monomer as reference molecules. In the porphyrin arrays, a pair of porphyrin moieties are joined together via triphenyl linkage to ensure cyclic and rigid structures. Anisotropy decay times of the porphyrin arrays can be well described by the Förster incoherent excitation hopping process between the porphyrin units. Exciton coupling strengths of 74 and 264 cm(-1) for the m-trimer and hexamer estimated from the observed excitation energy hopping rates are close to those of B800 and B850, respectively, in the LH2 bacterial light-harvesting antenna. Thus, these cyclic porphyrin array systems have proven to be useful in understanding energy migration processes in a relatively weak interaction regime in light of the similarity in overall structures and constituent chromophores to natural light-harvesting arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sun Cho
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Ultrafast Optical Characteristics Control and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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62
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Frenkel and Charge-Transfer Excitons in Organic Solids. ELECTRONIC EXCITATIONS IN ORGANIC NANOSTRUCTURES 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1079-4050(03)31001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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63
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64
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Moore TA, Moore AL, Gust D. The design and synthesis of artificial photosynthetic antennas, reaction centres and membranes. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2002; 357:1481-98; discussion 1498, 1511. [PMID: 12437888 PMCID: PMC1693048 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2002.1147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial antenna systems and reaction centres synthesized in our laboratory are used to illustrate that structural and thermodynamic factors controlling energy and electron transfer in these constructs can be modified to optimize performance. Artificial reaction centres have been incorporated into liposomal membranes where they convert light energy to vectorial redox potential. This redox potential drives a Mitchellian, quinone-based, proton-transporting redox loop that generates a Deltamu H(+) of ca. 4.4 kcal mol(-1) comprising DeltapH ca. 2.1 and Deltapsi ca. 70 mV. In liposomes containing CF(0)F(1)-ATP synthase, this system drives ATP synthesis against an ATP chemical potential similar to that observed in natural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA.
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65
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Mariño-Ochoa E, Palacios R, Kodis G, Macpherson AN, Gillbro T, Gust D, Moore TA, Moore AL. High-efficiency energy transfer from carotenoids to a phthalocyanine in an artificial photosynthetic antenna. Photochem Photobiol 2002; 76:116-21. [PMID: 12126301 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)076<0116:heetfc>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two carotenoid pigments have been linked as axial ligands to the central silicon atom of a phthalocyanine derivative, forming molecular triad 1. Laser flash studies on the femtosecond and picosecond time scales show that both the carotenoid S1 and S2 excited states act as donor states in 1, resulting in highly efficient singlet energy transfer from the carotenoids to the phthalocyanine. Triplet energy transfer in the opposite direction was also observed. In polar solvents efficient electron transfer from a carotenoid to the phthalocyanine excited singlet state yields a charge-separated state that recombines to the ground state of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Mariño-Ochoa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1604, USA
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66
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Papagiannakis E, Kennis JTM, van Stokkum IHM, Cogdell RJ, van Grondelle R. An alternative carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll energy transfer pathway in photosynthetic light harvesting. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:6017-22. [PMID: 11972067 PMCID: PMC122894 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.092626599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2001] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Blue and green sunlight become available for photosynthetic energy conversion through the light-harvesting (LH) function of carotenoids, which involves transfer of carotenoid singlet excited states to nearby (bacterio)chlorophylls (BChls). The excited-state manifold of carotenoids usually is described in terms of two singlet states, S(1) and S(2), of which only the latter can be populated from the ground state by the absorption of one photon. Both states are capable of energy transfer to (B)Chl. We recently showed that in the LH1 complex of the purple bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum, which is rather inefficient in carotenoid-to-BChl energy transfer, a third additional carotenoid excited singlet state is formed. This state, which we termed S*, was found to be a precursor on an ultrafast fission reaction pathway to carotenoid triplet state formation. Here we present evidence that S* is formed with significant yield in the LH2 complex of Rhodobacter sphaeroides, which has a highly efficient carotenoid LH function. We demonstrate that S* is actively involved in the energy transfer process to BChl and thus have uncovered an alternative pathway of carotenoid-to-BChl energy transfer. In competition with energy transfer to BChl, fission occurs from S*, leading to ultrafast formation of carotenoid triplets. Analysis in terms of a kinetic model indicates that energy transfer through S* accounts for 10-15% of the total energy transfer to BChl, and that inclusion of this pathway is necessary to obtain a highly efficient LH function of carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Papagiannakis
- Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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67
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Damjanović A, Kosztin I, Kleinekathöfer U, Schulten K. Excitons in a photosynthetic light-harvesting system: a combined molecular dynamics, quantum chemistry, and polaron model study. PHYSICAL REVIEW E 2002; 65:031919. [PMID: 11909121 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.65.031919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2001] [Revised: 12/13/2001] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of pigment-pigment and pigment-protein interactions in light-harvesting complexes is studied with an approach that combines molecular dynamics simulations with quantum chemistry calculations and a polaron model analysis. The molecular dynamics simulation of light-harvesting (LH) complexes was performed on an 87 055 atom system comprised of a LH-II complex of Rhodospirillum molischianum embedded in a lipid bilayer and surrounded with appropriate water layers. For each of the 16 B850 bacteriochlorophylls (BChls), we performed 400 ab initio quantum chemistry calculations on geometries that emerged from the molecular dynamical simulations, determining the fluctuations of pigment excitation energies as a function of time. From the results of these calculations we construct a time-dependent Hamiltonian of the B850 exciton system from which we determine within linear response theory the absorption spectrum. Finally, a polaron model is introduced to describe both the excitonic and coupled phonon degrees of freedom by quantum mechanics. The exciton-phonon coupling that enters into the polaron model, and the corresponding phonon spectral function, are derived from the molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry simulations. The model predicts that excitons in the B850 BChl ring are delocalized over five pigments at room temperature. Also, the polaron model permits the calculation of the absorption and circular dichroism spectra of the B850 excitons from the sole knowledge of the autocorrelation function of the excitation energies of individual BChls, which is readily available from the combined molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry simulations. The obtained results are found to be in good agreement with the experimentally measured absorption and circular dichroism spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Damjanović
- Beckman Institute and Department of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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68
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Akimoto S, Yamazaki I, Sakawa T, Mimuro M. Temperature Effects on Excitation Relaxation Dynamics of the Carotenoid β-Carotene and Its Analogue β-Apo-8‘-carotenal, Probed by Femtosecond Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0125653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Akimoto
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan, and Department of Physics, Biology and Informatics, Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Iwao Yamazaki
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan, and Department of Physics, Biology and Informatics, Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sakawa
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan, and Department of Physics, Biology and Informatics, Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
| | - Mamoru Mimuro
- Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan, and Department of Physics, Biology and Informatics, Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, Japan
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69
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Frank HA, Josue JS, Bautista JA, van der Hoef I, Jansen FJ, Lugtenburg J, Wiederrecht G, Christensen RL. Spectroscopic and Photochemical Properties of Open-Chain Carotenoids. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013321l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harry A. Frank
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Jesusa S. Josue
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - James A. Bautista
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Ineke van der Hoef
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Frans Jos Jansen
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Johan Lugtenburg
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Gary Wiederrecht
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
| | - Ronald L. Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, 55 North Eagleville Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, and Department of Chemistry, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 04011-8466
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70
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Hsu CP, Walla PJ, Head-Gordon M, Fleming GR. The Role of the S1 State of Carotenoids in Photosynthetic Energy Transfer: The Light-Harvesting Complex II of Purple Bacteria. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0119835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Chemical Sciences Division and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Peter J. Walla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Chemical Sciences Division and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Chemical Sciences Division and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Graham R. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, and Chemical Sciences Division and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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71
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Kumble R, Howard T, Cogdell R, Hochstrasser R. Dynamic infrared band–band spectroscopy of peripheral light-harvesting complexes from R. acidophila. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(01)00505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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72
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Ritz T, Park S, Schulten K. Kinetics of Excitation Migration and Trapping in the Photosynthetic Unit of Purple Bacteria. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011032r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Ritz
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Sanghyun Park
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Klaus Schulten
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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73
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Krueger BP, Lampoura SS, van Stokkum IH, Papagiannakis E, Salverda JM, Gradinaru CC, Rutkauskas D, Hiller RG, van Grondelle R. Energy transfer in the peridinin chlorophyll-a protein of Amphidinium carterae studied by polarized transient absorption and target analysis. Biophys J 2001; 80:2843-55. [PMID: 11371458 PMCID: PMC1301469 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The peridinin chlorophyll-a protein (PCP) of dinoflagellates differs from the well-studied light-harvesting complexes of purple bacteria and green plants in its large (4:1) carotenoid to chlorophyll ratio and the unusual properties of its primary pigment, the carotenoid peridinin. We utilized ultrafast polarized transient absorption spectroscopy to examine the flow of energy in PCP after initial excitation into the strongly allowed peridinin S2 state. Global and target analysis of the isotropic and anisotropic decays reveals that significant excitation (25-50%) is transferred to chlorophyll-a directly from the peridinin S2 state. Because of overlapping positive and negative features, this pathway was unseen in earlier single-wavelength experiments. In addition, the anisotropy remains constant and high in the peridinin population, indicating that energy transfer from peridinin to peridinin represents a minor or negligible pathway. The carotenoids are also coupled directly to chlorophyll-a via a low-lying singlet state S1 or the recently identified SCT. We model this energy transfer time scale as 2.3 +/- 0.2 ps, driven by a coupling of approximately 47 cm(-1). This coupling strength allows us to estimate that the peridinin S1/SCT donor state transition moment is approximately 3 D.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Krueger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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74
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Matsuzaki S, Zazubovich V, Fraser NJ, Cogdell RJ, Small GJ. Energy Transfer Dynamics in LH2 Complexes of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila Containing Only One B800 Molecule. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0037347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Matsuzaki
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G128 QQ, United Kingdom
| | - V. Zazubovich
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G128 QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N. J. Fraser
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G128 QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R. J. Cogdell
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G128 QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G. J. Small
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G128 QQ, United Kingdom
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75
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Zhang JP, Inaba T, Watanabe Y, Koyama Y. Partition of carotenoid-to-bacteriochlorophyll singlet-energy transfer through two channels in the LH2 complex from Rhodobacter sphaeroides G1C. Chem Phys Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(01)00451-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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76
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Trinkunas G, Herek JL, Polívka T, Sundström V, Pullerits T. Exciton delocalization probed by excitation annihilation in the light-harvesting antenna LH2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:4167-70. [PMID: 11328122 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.4167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2000] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Singlet-singlet annihilation is used to study exciton delocalization in the light harvesting antenna complex LH2 (B800-B850) from the photosynthetic purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. The characteristic femtosecond decay constants of the high intensity isotropic and the low intensity anisotropy kinetics of the B850 ring are related to the hopping time tau(h) and the coherence length N(coh) of the exciton. Our analysis yields N(coh) = 2.8+/-0.4 and tau(h) = 0.27+/-0.05 ps. This approach can be seen as an extension to the concept of the spectroscopic ruler.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Trinkunas
- Institute of Physics, Vilnius 2600, Lithuania
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77
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78
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Macpherson AN, Arellano JB, Fraser NJ, Cogdell RJ, Gillbro T. Efficient energy transfer from the carotenoid S(2) state in a photosynthetic light-harvesting complex. Biophys J 2001; 80:923-30. [PMID: 11159459 PMCID: PMC1301290 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, the spatial arrangement of the carotenoid and bacteriochlorophyll molecules in the peripheral light-harvesting (LH2) complex from Rhodopseudomonas acidophila strain 10050 has been determined at high resolution. Here, we have time resolved the energy transfer steps that occur between the carotenoid's initial excited state and the lowest energy group of bacteriochlorophyll molecules in LH2. These kinetic data, together with the existing structural information, lay the foundation for understanding the detailed mechanisms of energy transfer involved in this fundamental, early reaction in photosynthesis. Remarkably, energy transfer from the rhodopin glucoside S(2) state, which has an intrinsic lifetime of approximately 120 fs, is by far the dominant pathway, with only a minor contribution from the longer-lived S(1) state.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Macpherson
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
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79
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Salverda JM, van Mourik F, van der Zwan G, van Grondelle R. Energy Transfer in the B800 Rings of the Peripheral Bacterial Light-Harvesting Complexes of Rhodopseudomonas Acidophila and Rhodospirillum Molischianum Studied with Photon Echo Techniques. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002034z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jante M. Salverda
- Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Institut de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Faculté des Sciences, BSP, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland, and Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Faculty of Exact Sciences, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank van Mourik
- Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Institut de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Faculté des Sciences, BSP, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland, and Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Faculty of Exact Sciences, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gert van der Zwan
- Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Institut de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Faculté des Sciences, BSP, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland, and Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Faculty of Exact Sciences, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Institut de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Faculté des Sciences, BSP, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland, and Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Faculty of Exact Sciences, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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80
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Gradinaru CC, van Stokkum IHM, Pascal AA, van Grondelle R, van Amerongen H. Identifying the Pathways of Energy Transfer between Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in LHCII and CP29. A Multicolor, Femtosecond Pump−Probe Study. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp001752i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu C. Gradinaru
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Universitá di Verona, Facoltá di Scienze MM.FF.NN., Biotechnologie Vegetali, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Ivo H. M. van Stokkum
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Universitá di Verona, Facoltá di Scienze MM.FF.NN., Biotechnologie Vegetali, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Andy A. Pascal
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Universitá di Verona, Facoltá di Scienze MM.FF.NN., Biotechnologie Vegetali, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Universitá di Verona, Facoltá di Scienze MM.FF.NN., Biotechnologie Vegetali, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Herbert van Amerongen
- Faculty of Sciences, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Biophysics and Physics of Complex Systems, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Universitá di Verona, Facoltá di Scienze MM.FF.NN., Biotechnologie Vegetali, Strada Le Grazie, I-37134 Verona, Italy
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81
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Herek JL, Fraser NJ, Pullerits T, Martinsson P, Polívka T, Scheer H, Cogdell RJ, Sundström V. B800-->B850 energy transfer mechanism in bacterial LH2 complexes investigated by B800 pigment exchange. Biophys J 2000; 78:2590-6. [PMID: 10777755 PMCID: PMC1300848 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(00)76803-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Femtosecond transient absorption measurements were performed on native and a series of reconstituted LH2 complexes from Rhodopseudomonas acidophila 10050 at room temperature. The reconstituted complexes contain chemically modified tetrapyrrole pigments in place of the native bacteriochlorophyll a-B800 molecules. The spectral characteristics of the modified pigments vary significantly, such that within the B800 binding sites the B800 Q(y) absorption maximum can be shifted incrementally from 800 to 670 nm. As the spectral overlap between the B800 and B850 Q(y) bands decreases, the rate of energy transfer (as determined by the time-dependent bleaching of the B850 absorption band) also decreases; the measured time constants range from 0.9 ps (bacteriochlorophyll a in the B800 sites, Q(y) absorption maximum at 800 nm) to 8.3 ps (chlorophyll a in the B800 sites, Q(y) absorption maximum at 670 nm). This correlation between energy transfer rate and spectral blue-shift of the B800 absorption band is in qualitative agreement with the trend predicted from Förster spectral overlap calculations, although the experimentally determined rates are approximately 5 times faster than those predicted by simulations. This discrepancy is attributed to an underestimation of the electronic coupling between the B800 and B850 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Herek
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
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82
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Werncke W, Hogiu S, Pfeiffer M, Lau A, Kummrow A. Strong S1−S2 Vibronic Coupling and Enhanced Third Order Hyperpolarizability in the First Excited Singlet State of Diphenylhexatriene Studied by Time-Resolved CARS. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp992839a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Werncke
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Hogiu
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Pfeiffer
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Lau
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Kummrow
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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83
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Zhang JP, Fujii R, Qian P, Inaba T, Mizoguchi T, Koyama Y, Onaka K, Watanabe Y, Nagae H. Mechanism of the Carotenoid-to-Bacteriochlorophyll Energy Transfer via the S1 State in the LH2 Complexes from Purple Bacteria. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp993970l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Fujii
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Pu Qian
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Toru Inaba
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mizoguchi
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Yasushi Koyama
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Kengo Onaka
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Watanabe
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Nagae
- Kobe City University of Foreign Studies, Gakuen Higashimachi, Nishiku, Kobe 651-2187, Japan
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84
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van Oijen AM, Ketelaars M, Köhler J, Aartsma TJ, Schmidt J. Spectroscopy of individual light-harvesting 2 complexes of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila: diagonal disorder, intercomplex heterogeneity, spectral diffusion, and energy transfer in the B800 band. Biophys J 2000; 78:1570-7. [PMID: 10692341 PMCID: PMC1300754 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(00)76709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports a detailed spectroscopic study of the B800 absorption band of individual light-harvesting 2 (LH2) complexes of the photosynthetic purple bacterium Rhodopseudomonas acidophila at 1. 2 K. By applying single-molecule detection techniques to this system, details and properties can be revealed that remain obscured in conventional ensemble experiments. For instance, from fluorescence-excitation spectra of the individual complexes a more direct measure of the diagonal disorder could be obtained. Further spectral diffusion phenomena and homogeneous linewidths of individual bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) molecules are observed, revealing valuable information on excited-state dynamics. This work demonstrates that it is possible to obtain detailed spectral information on individual pigment-protein complexes, providing direct insight into their electronic structure and into the mechanisms underlying the highly efficient energy transfer processes in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M van Oijen
- Centre for the Study of Excited States of Molecules, Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands.
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85
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Scholes GD, Fleming GR. On the Mechanism of Light Harvesting in Photosynthetic Purple Bacteria: B800 to B850 Energy Transfer. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp993435l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D. Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Graham R. Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
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86
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Krueger BP, Yom J, Walla PJ, Fleming GR. Observation of the S1 state of spheroidene in LH2 by two-photon fluorescence excitation. Chem Phys Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(99)00729-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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87
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Tietz C, Chekhlov O, Dräbenstedt A, Schuster J, Wrachtrup J. Spectroscopy on Single Light-Harvesting Complexes at Low Temperature. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp983599m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Tietz
- TU Chemnitz, Institute of Physics, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - O. Chekhlov
- TU Chemnitz, Institute of Physics, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - A. Dräbenstedt
- TU Chemnitz, Institute of Physics, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - J. Schuster
- TU Chemnitz, Institute of Physics, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - J. Wrachtrup
- TU Chemnitz, Institute of Physics, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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88
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Mukai K, Abe S, Sumi H. Theory of Rapid Excitation-Energy Transfer from B800 to Optically-Forbidden Exciton States of B850 in the Antenna System LH2 of Photosynthetic Purple Bacteria. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp984469g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Mukai
- Electrotechnical Laboratory, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan, and Institute of Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
| | - Shuji Abe
- Electrotechnical Laboratory, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan, and Institute of Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sumi
- Electrotechnical Laboratory, 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan, and Institute of Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8573, Japan
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89
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Cogdell RJ, Isaacs NW, Howard TD, McLuskey K, Fraser NJ, Prince SM. How photosynthetic bacteria harvest solar energy. J Bacteriol 1999; 181:3869-79. [PMID: 10383951 PMCID: PMC93873 DOI: 10.1128/jb.181.13.3869-3879.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R J Cogdell
- Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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90
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Uphill energy transfer in LH2-containing purple bacteria at room temperature. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1999; 1412:149-72. [PMID: 10393258 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(99)00056-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Uphill energy transfer in the LH2-containing purple bacteria Rhodopseudomonas acidophila, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, Chromatium vinosum and Chromatium purpuratum was studied by stationary fluorescence spectroscopy at room temperature upon selective excitation of the B800 pigments of LH2 and the B880 pigments of LH1 at 803 nm and 900 nm, respectively. The resulting fluorescence spectra differed significantly at wavelengths shorter than the fluorescence maximum but agreed at longer wavelengths. The absorption spectra of the species studied were decomposed into five bands at approx. 800, 820, 830, 850 and 880 nm using the shapes of the absorption spectra of the LH1-RC only species Rhodospirillum rubrum and the isolated B800-850 complex from Rps. acidophila strain 10050 as guide spectra. This allowed a quantification of the number of pigments in each pigment group and, consequently, the antenna size of the photosynthetic unit assuming 36 bacteriochlorophyll a molecules in an LH1-RC complex. In most of the LH2-containing purple bacterial strains the number of LH2 rings per LH1-RC was less than the idealized number of eight (Papiz et al., Trends Plant Sci. 1 (1996) 198-206), which was achieved only by C. purpuratum. Uphill energy transfer was assayed by comparing the theoretical fluorescence spectrum obtained from a Boltzmann equilibrium with the measured fluorescence spectrum obtained by 900 nm excitation. The good match of both spectra in all the purple bacteria studied indicates that uphill energy transfer occurs practically up to its thermodynamically maximal possible extent. All strains studied contained a small fraction of either poorly connected or unconnected LH2 complexes as indicated by higher fluorescence yields from the peripheral complexes than predicted by thermal equilibration or kinetic modeling. This impedes generally the quantitative analysis of blue-excited fluorescence spectra.
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91
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Vos
- INSERM U451, Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, Ecole Polytechnique-ENSTA, 91761, Palaiseau Cedex, France.
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92
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Sundström V, Pullerits T, van Grondelle R. Photosynthetic Light-Harvesting: Reconciling Dynamics and Structure of Purple Bacterial LH2 Reveals Function of Photosynthetic Unit. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp983722+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 672] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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93
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Ohashi N, Ko-Chi N, Kuki M, Shimamura T, Cogdell RJ, Koyama Y. The structures of S0 spheroidene in the light-harvesting (LH2) complex and S0 and T1 spheroidene in the reaction center of Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 as revealed by Raman spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1520-6343(1996)2:1<59::aid-bspy6>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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94
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Pogson BJ, Niyogi KK, Björkman O, DellaPenna D. Altered xanthophyll compositions adversely affect chlorophyll accumulation and nonphotochemical quenching in Arabidopsis mutants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:13324-9. [PMID: 9789087 PMCID: PMC23800 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.22.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Collectively, the xanthophyll class of carotenoids perform a variety of critical roles in light harvesting antenna assembly and function. The xanthophyll composition of higher plant photosystems (lutein, violaxanthin, and neoxanthin) is remarkably conserved, suggesting important functional roles for each. We have taken a molecular genetic approach in Arabidopsis toward defining the respective roles of individual xanthophylls in vivo by using a series of mutant lines that selectively eliminate and substitute a range of xanthophylls. The mutations, lut1 and lut2 (lut = lutein deficient), disrupt lutein biosynthesis. In lut2, lutein is replaced mainly by a stoichiometric increase in violaxanthin and antheraxanthin. A third mutant, aba1, accumulates normal levels of lutein and substitutes zeaxanthin for violaxanthin and neoxanthin. The lut2aba1 double mutant completely lacks lutein, violaxanthin, and neoxanthin and instead accumulates zeaxanthin. All mutants were viable in soil and had chlorophyll a/b ratios ranging from 2.9 to 3.5 and near wild-type rates of photosynthesis. However, mutants accumulating zeaxanthin exhibited a delayed greening virescent phenotype, which was most severe and often lethal when zeaxanthin was the only xanthophyll present. Chlorophyll fluorescence quenching kinetics indicated that both zeaxanthin and lutein contribute to nonphotochemical quenching; specifically, lutein contributes, directly or indirectly, to the rapid rise of nonphotochemical quenching. The results suggest that the normal complement of xanthophylls, while not essential, is required for optimal assembly and function of the light harvesting antenna in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Pogson
- Department of Plant Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1601, USA
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95
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Okamoto H, Ogura M, Nakabayashi T, Tasumi M. Sub-picosecond excited-state dynamics of a carotenoid (spirilloxanthin) in the light-harvesting systems of Chromatium vinosum. Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(98)00207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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96
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Abstract
The light-harvesting complex I (LH-I) of Rhodobacter sphaeroides has been modeled computationally as a hexadecamer of alphabeta-heterodimers, based on a close homology of the heterodimer to that of light-harvesting complex II (LH-II) of Rhodospirillum molischianum. The resulting LH-I structure yields an electron density projection map that is in agreement with an 8.5-A resolution electron microscopic projection map for the highly homologous LH-I of Rs. rubrum. A complex of the modeled LH-I with the photosynthetic reaction center of the same species has been obtained by a constrained conformational search. This complex and the available structures of LH-II from Rs. molischianum and Rhodopseudomonas acidophila furnish a complete model of the pigment organization in the photosynthetic membrane of purple bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Hu
- Beckman Institute and Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 USA
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97
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Kumble R, Hochstrasser RM. Disorder-induced exciton scattering in the light-harvesting systems of purple bacteria: Influence on the anisotropy of emission and band→band transitions. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.476924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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98
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Desamero RZB, Chynwat V, van der Hoef I, Jansen FJ, Lugtenburg J, Gosztola D, Wasielewski MR, Cua A, Bocian DF, Frank HA. Mechanism of Energy Transfer from Carotenoids to Bacteriochlorophyll: Light-Harvesting by Carotenoids Having Different Extents of π-Electron Conjugation Incorporated into the B850 Antenna Complex from the Carotenoidless Bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides R-26.1. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp980911j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruel Z. B. Desamero
- Department of Chemistry, 215 Glenbrook Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Veeradej Chynwat
- Department of Chemistry, 215 Glenbrook Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Ineke van der Hoef
- Department of Chemistry, 215 Glenbrook Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Frans Jos Jansen
- Department of Chemistry, 215 Glenbrook Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Johan Lugtenburg
- Department of Chemistry, 215 Glenbrook Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - David Gosztola
- Department of Chemistry, 215 Glenbrook Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, 215 Glenbrook Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Agnes Cua
- Department of Chemistry, 215 Glenbrook Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - David F. Bocian
- Department of Chemistry, 215 Glenbrook Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Harry A. Frank
- Department of Chemistry, 215 Glenbrook Road, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-4060, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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99
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Hu X, Damjanović A, Ritz T, Schulten K. Architecture and mechanism of the light-harvesting apparatus of purple bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:5935-41. [PMID: 9600895 PMCID: PMC34498 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.11.5935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms fuel their metabolism with light energy and have developed for this purpose an efficient apparatus for harvesting sunlight. The atomic structure of the apparatus, as it evolved in purple bacteria, has been constructed through a combination of x-ray crystallography, electron microscopy, and modeling. The detailed structure and overall architecture reveals a hierarchical aggregate of pigments that utilizes, as shown through femtosecond spectroscopy and quantum physics, elegant and efficient mechanisms for primary light absorption and transfer of electronic excitation toward the photosynthetic reaction center.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Hu
- Beckman Institute and Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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100
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Herek JL, Polívka T, Pullerits T, Fowler GJ, Hunter CN, Sundström V. Ultrafast carotenoid band shifts probe structure and dynamics in photosynthetic antenna complexes. Biochemistry 1998; 37:7057-61. [PMID: 9585514 DOI: 10.1021/bi980118g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report observations of ultrafast carotenoid band shifts correlated with energy transfer dynamics between bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) molecules within the peripheral light-harvesting complex (LH2) from the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Direct excitation of the bacteriochlorophyll Qy bands yielded distinct changes in the carotenoid S2 absorption from 430 to 530 nm. Transient absorption spectra and kinetics were measured in a femtosecond pump-probe experiment, revealing the ultrafast carotenoid response to excited BChl pigments. These data are an indication of a new property of carotenoids that is manifested as a unique ability to detect and report changes in their immediate environment, thereby serving as sensitive probes of local structure and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Herek
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Sweden
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