51
|
Zarrin A, Mehdipour AR, Miri R. Dihydropyridines and multidrug resistance: previous attempts, present state, and future trends. Chem Biol Drug Des 2011; 76:369-81. [PMID: 20925689 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2010.01025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance is defined as the resistance of a tumor cell to the cytotoxic action of divergent drugs used in chemotherapy. Dihydropyridines are a class of calcium channel antagonists that were discovered to have a multidrug resistance reversing effect and prompted investigations resulting in the synthesis of hundreds of new derivatives. Most of the investigators tried to achieve two goals: a decrease in Ca²(+) channel-blocking activity and an increase in the multidrug resistance reversing effect. Most of the synthesized compounds failed in the later stages of studies especially in clinical trials because of pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic limitations. Therefore, it will be necessary to include new methods, such as combinatorial synthesis, and, more importantly, to apply computational methods based on global structure-activity relationship models that consider all problems. Moreover, some compounds should be synthesized that are effective on several multidrug resistance targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdolhossein Zarrin
- Medicinal & Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
52
|
Giorgi G, Maiti S, López-Alvarado P, Menéndez JC. Synthesis of benzo- and naphtho-fused bicyclo[n.3.1]alkane frameworks with a bridgehead nitrogen function by palladium-catalyzed intramolecular α′-arylation of α-nitroketones. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:2722-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00526f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
53
|
Tarirai C, Viljoen AM, Hamman JH. Herb-drug pharmacokinetic interactions reviewed. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2010; 6:1515-38. [PMID: 21067427 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2010.529129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD the global increase in the popularity of alternative medicines has raised renewed concerns regarding herb-drug interactions. These interactions are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic indices and may either be pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic in nature. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW pharmacokinetic interactions which may exist between herbs and drugs, and the mechanisms of these interactions with appropriate examples based on primary and secondary data in publications are discussed. The mechanisms covered include those that affect oral drug absorption (e.g., modulation of efflux and uptake transporters, complex formation, gastrointestinal motility and pH) and drug biotransformation (e.g., inhibition or induction of enzymes). WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN knowledge on the mechanisms of herb-drug pharmacokinetic interactions supported by an extended list of these types of interactions for quick reference. A critical evaluation of certain herb-drug pharmacokinetic interactions reported in the scientific literature. TAKE HOME MESSAGE as the incidence and severity of herb-drug pharmacokinetic interactions increase due to a worldwide rise in the use of herbal preparations, more clinical data regarding herb-drug pharmacokinetic interactions are needed to make informed decisions regarding patient safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clemence Tarirai
- Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
54
|
Zheng Z, Aojula H, Clarke D. Reduction of doxorubicin resistance in P-glycoprotein overexpressing cells by hybrid cell-penetrating and drug-binding peptide. J Drug Target 2010; 18:477-87. [PMID: 20088680 DOI: 10.3109/10611860903548347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug efflux by the membrane transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) plays a key role in multidrug resistance (MDR). In order to bypass P-gp, thus overcoming MDR, a hybrid peptide comprising a cell penetrating peptide (Tat) and a drug binding motif (DBM) has been developed to noncovalently bind and deliver doxorubicin (Dox) into MDR cells. The uptake of Dox into the leukemia cell line K562 and its P-gp overexpressing subline KD30 increased in the presence of DBM-Tat peptide. Confocal microscopy indicated that DBM-Tat associated Dox was directed to a perinuclear area of KD30 cells, while this was not observed in parent K562 cells. When KD30 cells were pretreated with the endosomotropic agent chloroquine (CLQ), peptide associated Dox redistributed into the cytosol, indicating that endocytosis was the predominant uptake route. Altered drug uptake kinetics observed by cellular accumulation assay also supported an endocytic uptake. In the presence of CLQ, DBM-Tat was able to enhance the cytotoxicity of Dox by 68.4% at 5 microM peptide concentration in KD30 cells but there were only minor effects on Dox cytotoxicity in K562 cells even in the presence of CLQ. Thus, combining Dox with DBM-Tat reduces P-gp mediated drug efflux, without a requirement for drug modification or inhibiting P-gp function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Zheng
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
Xu YY, Du YZ, Yuan H, Liu LN, Niu YP, Hu FQ. Improved cytotoxicity and multidrug resistance reversal of chitosan based polymeric micelles encapsulating oxaliplatin. J Drug Target 2010; 19:344-53. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2010.499465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
56
|
Park JH, Kwak JH, Khoo JH, Park SH, Kim DU, Ha DM, Choi SU, Kang SC, Zee OP. Cytotoxic effects of triterpenoid saponins from Androsace umbellata against multidrug resistance (MDR) and non-MDR cells. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:1175-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0807-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
57
|
Ruiz M, López-Alvarado P, Menéndez JC. Concise and very efficient synthesis of the N-methylwelwistatin tetracyclic core based on an anionic domino process. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4521-3. [PMID: 20717611 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00382d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of the N-methylwelwistatin tetracyclic core in only two steps from Kornfeld's ketone is described, whose key transformation involves the generation of a fused bicyclo[4.3.1]decane ring system through a one-pot sequence comprising a Michael-intramolecular aldolization anionic domino process and a DBU-promoted hydrolysis of the N-pivaloyl protecting group. Besides providing the most efficient synthesis of the welwistatin core to date, this method has the advantage of installing an oxygenated function at the welwistatin D ring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ruiz
- Departmento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
58
|
Synthesis and evaluation of indole, pyrazole, chromone and pyrimidine based conjugates for tumor growth inhibitory activities--development of highly efficacious cytotoxic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:4968-82. [PMID: 20810192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Based upon the lead compounds 10 and 11, a number of conjugates were synthesized by the combination of chromone-pyrimidine, chromone-indolinone, chromone-pyrazole, indole-pyrimidine, indole-indolinone and indole-pyrazole moieties. Evaluation of these compounds for tumor growth inhibitory activities over 60 human tumor cell lines provided highly efficacious compounds 15, 41, 43, 66, 69, and 72 with an average GI(50) over all the 60 human tumor cell lines as 3.2 μM, 3.1 μM, 1.7 μM, 2.6 μM, 50.1 μM and 2.0 μM, respectively.
Collapse
|
59
|
Maiti S, Sridharan V, Menéndez JC. Synthesis of a Library of 5,6-Unsubstituted 1,4-Dihydropyridines Based on a One-Pot 4CR/Elimination Process and Their Application to the Generation of Structurally Diverse Fused Nitrogen Heterocycles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 12:713-22. [PMID: 20593849 DOI: 10.1021/cc100084b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swarupananda Maiti
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vellaisamy Sridharan
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Carlos Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Potential role of cyclooxygenase-2 on the regulation of the drug efflux transporter ABCG2 in breast cancer cell lines. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2010; 137:321-30. [PMID: 20422426 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-010-0893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE ABCG2 (BCRP) implicated as a member of the multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins in tumors, mediating efflux of a wide spectrum of anticancer drugs. In recent years, there has been an increasing tendency toward the exploring of the potential link between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and development of multidrug resistance phenotype in patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the COX-2 in modulating drug efflux by ABCG2 in a group of breast cancer cell lines. METHODS The cytotoxicity of COX-2 inducer (TPA, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate) and its inhibitor (celecoxib) was determined by an MTT assay. ABCG2 activity was measured by flow cytometric mitoxantrone efflux assay. RESULTS TPA exhibited very little inhibitory activity in all cell lines, while long-term treatment with celecoxib significantly inhibited the growth of all cell lines. Furthermore, using mitoxantrone efflux assay was shown that TPA could increase ABCG2 activity in all the cell lines with the greatest stimulatory effects in MCF7-MX (more than 6 times the control level). It seemed that celecoxib inverted the effects of TPA on ABCG2 activity. This was more obvious in MCF7-MX. CONCLUSION The results suggest a probable causal link between COX-2 and ABCG2 activity. The use of celecoxib for adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment may contribute to decreased resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs transported by ABCG2.
Collapse
|
61
|
Abstract
SummaryMultidrug resistance is the main problem in anticancer therapy. Cancer cells use many defense strategies in order to survive chemotherapy. Among known multidrug resistance mechanisms the most important are: drug detoxification inside the cell using II phase detoxifying enzymes and active transport of the drug to the extracellular environment. Cancer cells may be also less sensitive to proapoptotic signals and have different intracellular drug distribution, which makes them more resistant to anticancer drugs. Role of glutathione in multidrug resistance is the object of interest of many scientists, however, defining it’s function in these processes still remains a challenge. In this paper, properties of glutathione and it’s role in multidrug resistance in cancer cells were described.
Collapse
|
62
|
Synthesis of highly functionalized barbituric acids and study of their interactions with p-glycoprotein and Mg2+ – Potential candidates for multi drug resistance modulation. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:1256-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Revised: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
63
|
Foroughinia F, Javidnia K, Amirghofran Z, Mehdipour A, Miri R. Design and synthesis of new symmetrical derivatives of dihydropyridine containing a pyridyl group on the 3, 5-positions and evaluation of their cytotoxic and multidrug resistance reversal activity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.11.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Today, chemotherapy is an important part in the treatment of several kinds of cancer; however, the development of drug resistance remains one of the major obstacles in successful chemotherapy. Several types of agents have been recognized as multidrug resistance (MDR) inhibitors, among which the 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) have been investigated the most. P-glycoprotein inhibition has been reported as the main MDR reversal mechanism of DHPs, whilst other mechanisms such as inhibition of topoisomerase II have received less attention. Therefore, in this study new derivatives of DHP have been synthesized. Their cytotoxic activity and their effects in reversing atypical MDR have been evaluated. The results confirmed the appropriate effect of these compounds on atypical MDR. Although it was observed that these compounds had a moderate cytotoxic effect, the cytotoxicity of one compound on the K562 cell line (IC50 = 6.61 μM) was comparable with that of doxorubicin (IC50 = 4.17 μM). Finally, the Ca2+-channel antagonistic activity, an undesired effect for these compounds, was evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Foroughinia
- Medicinal & Natural Products Chemistry Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Katayoun Javidnia
- Medicinal & Natural Products Chemistry Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Amirghofran
- Medicinal & Natural Products Chemistry Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Mehdipour
- Medicinal & Natural Products Chemistry Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Miri
- Medicinal & Natural Products Chemistry Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Borska S, Sopel M, Chmielewska M, Zabel M, Dziegiel P. Quercetin as a potential modulator of P-glycoprotein expression and function in cells of human pancreatic carcinoma line resistant to daunorubicin. Molecules 2010; 15:857-70. [PMID: 20335952 PMCID: PMC6263194 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15020857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the ABC transporters responsible for the resistance of several tumours to successful chemotherapy. Numerous agents are capable of interfering with the P-gp-mediated export of drugs but unfortunately most of them produce serious side effects. Some plant polyphenols, including the flavonol quercetin (Q), manifest anti-neoplastic activity mainly due to their influence on cell cycle control and apoptosis. Reports are also available which show that Q may intensify action of cytostatic drugs and suppress the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenomenon. The study aimed at determination if Q sensitizes cells resistant to daunorubicin (DB) through its effect on P-gp expression and action. The experiments were conducted on two cell lines of human pancreatic carcinoma, resistant to DB EPP85-181RDB and sensitive EPP85-181P as a comparison. Cells of both lines were exposed to selected concentrations of Q and DB, and then membranous expression of P-gp and its transport function were examined. The influence on expression of gene for P-gp (ABCB1) was also investigated. Results of the studies confirmed that Q affects expression and function of P-gp in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover it decreased expression of ABCB1. Thus, Q may be considered as a potential modulator of P-gp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Borska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University, T. Chalubinski Street 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
65
|
Chiu LY, Ko JL, Lee YJ, Yang TY, Tee YT, Sheu GT. L-type calcium channel blockers reverse docetaxel and vincristine-induced multidrug resistance independent of ABCB1 expression in human lung cancer cell lines. Toxicol Lett 2010; 192:408-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Revised: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
66
|
Colabufo NA, Berardi F, Cantore M, Contino M, Inglese C, Niso M, Perrone R. Perspectives of P-Glycoprotein Modulating Agents in Oncology and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Pharmaceutical, Biological, and Diagnostic Potentials. J Med Chem 2009; 53:1883-97. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900743c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Antonio Colabufo
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico, Universitá degli Studi di Bari, Facoltá di Farmacia, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Berardi
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico, Universitá degli Studi di Bari, Facoltá di Farmacia, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariangela Cantore
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico, Universitá degli Studi di Bari, Facoltá di Farmacia, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico, Universitá degli Studi di Bari, Facoltá di Farmacia, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Carmela Inglese
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico, Universitá degli Studi di Bari, Facoltá di Farmacia, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Mauro Niso
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico, Universitá degli Studi di Bari, Facoltá di Farmacia, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Perrone
- Dipartimento Farmacochimico, Universitá degli Studi di Bari, Facoltá di Farmacia, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Synthesis and antitumor activity of doxorubicin conjugated stearic acid-g-chitosan oligosaccharide polymeric micelles. Biomaterials 2009; 30:6955-63. [PMID: 19782395 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin conjugated stearic acid-g-chitosan oligosaccharide polymeric micelles (DOX-CSO-SA) was synthesized via cis-aconityl bond between the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and stearic acid grafted chitosan oligosaccharide (CSO-SA) in this paper. The CSO-SA micelles had been demonstrated faster internalization ability into tumor cells. Here, the CSO-SA with 6.47% amino substituted degree (SD%) was used to synthesize DOX-CSO-SA. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) was about 0.14 mg mL(-1). The micelles with 1 mg mL(-1) CSO-SA concentration had 32.7 nm number average diameter with a narrow size distribution and 51.5 mV surface potential. After conjugating with doxorubicin, CMC of DOX-CSO-SA descended; the micellar size increased; and the zeta potential decreased. The DOX-CSO-SA micelles indicated pH-dependent DOX release behavior. The release rate of DOX from DOX-CSO-SA micelles increased significantly with the reductions of the pH for release medium from 7.2 to 5.0. In vitro antitumor activity tests of DOX-CSO-SA micelles against human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cells and their multi-drug resistant (MCF-7/Adr) cells presented the reversal activity against DOX resistance MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/Adr). The in vivo antitumor activity results showed that DOX-CSO-SA micelles treatments effectively suppressed the tumor growth and reduced the toxicity against animal body than commercial doxorubicin hydrochloride injection.
Collapse
|
68
|
Altered expression of proliferation-inducing and proliferation-inhibiting genes might contribute to acquired doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2009; 55:95-105. [PMID: 19593673 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-009-9058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the molecular changes that may develop during exposure of breast cancer cells to anticancer agents and that may lead to acquired resistance. We used two breast cancer cell lines, a parental (MCF7/WT) and a doxorubicin-resistant (MCF7/DOX) one. Cell survival, cell cycle distribution and RT-PCR expression level of genes involved in DNA damage response, MDR1, GST and TOPOIIalpha were measured. MCF7/DOX cells were five-fold more resistant to doxorubicin (DOX) than the MCF7/WT cells. DOX treatment causes arrest of MCF7/DOX cells in G1 and G2 phases of cell cycle whereas MCF7/WT cells were arrested in S-phase. The molecular changes in both cell lines due to DOX treatment could be classified into: (1) the basal level of p53, p21, BRCA1, GST and TOPOIIalpha mRNA was higher in MCF7/DOX than MCF7/WT. During DOX treatment, the expression level of these genes decreased in both cell lines but the rate of down-regulation was faster in MCF7/WT than MCF7/DOX cells. (2) The expression level of MDR1 was the same in both cell lines but 48 and 72 h of drug treatment, MDR1 disappeared in MCF7/WT but still expressed in MCF7/DOX. (3) There was no change in the expression level of BAX, FAS and BRCA2 in both cell lines. Conclusively, after validation in clinical samples, overexpression of genes like BRCA1, p53, p21, GST, MDR1 and TOPOIIalpha could be used as a prognostic biomarker for detection of acquired resistance in breast cancer and as therapeutic targets for the improvement of breast cancer treatment strategies.
Collapse
|
69
|
Sun B, Yuan HQ, Xi GM, Ma YD, Lou HX. Synthesis and multidrug resistance reversal activity of dihydroptychantol A and its novel derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:4981-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2009] [Revised: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
70
|
Manvar AT, Pissurlenkar RRS, Virsodia VR, Upadhyay KD, Manvar DR, Mishra AK, Acharya HD, Parecha AR, Dholakia CD, Shah AK, Coutinho EC. Synthesis, in vitro antitubercular activity and 3D-QSAR study of 1,4-dihydropyridines. Mol Divers 2009; 14:285-305. [PMID: 19554465 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-009-9162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Accepted: 05/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atul T Manvar
- Department of Chemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
71
|
Slaninová I, Brezinová L, Koubíková L, Slanina J. Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans overcome drug resistance in lung cancer cells--study of structure-activity relationship. Toxicol In Vitro 2009; 23:1047-54. [PMID: 19531378 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2009.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A panel of nine dibenzo[a,c]cyclooctadiene lignans, schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N, gomisin J, angeloylgomisin H, tigloylgomisin P, deoxyschizandrin, gamma-schizandrin and wuweizisu C was examined for their effect on multidrug resistance, as well as their anti-proliferative activities. COR-L23/R, a multidrug resistant sub-line, which has been reported to over-express multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP1), was used for the experiments together with its parent cell line COR-L23 (human lung cell carcinoma). We found that lignans deoxyschizandrin and gamma-schizandrin at relatively non-toxic concentrations restored the cytotoxic action of doxorubicin to COR-L23/R cells. Deoxyschizandrin and gamma-schizandrin also significantly enhanced the accumulation of doxorubicin in drug resistant cells. Both lignans alone had no effect on the cell cycle; however, when combined with sub-toxic doses of doxorubicin, they induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, which is typical for toxic doses of doxorubicin. Our results suggest that deoxyschizandrin and gamma-schizandrin potentiate the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin in doxorubicin resistant lung cancer cells COR-L23/R by increasing the accumulation of doxorubicin inside the cells. The common structural feature of both active lignans is the R-biaryl configuration and the absence of a hydroxy group at C-8. Unlike the reversal effect, the cytotoxicity of lignans with the R-biaryl configuration was similar to that observed for lignans with the S-biaryl configuration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Slaninová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
72
|
Design, synthesis and evaluations of acridone derivatives using Candida albicans—Search for MDR modulators led to the identification of an anti-candidiasis agent. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:3973-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2009] [Revised: 04/04/2009] [Accepted: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
73
|
Singh P, Kaur J, Kaur P, Kaur S. Search for MDR modulators: design, syntheses and evaluations of N-substituted acridones for interactions with p-glycoprotein and Mg2+. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:2423-7. [PMID: 19243953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2008] [Revised: 02/03/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
By combining the structural features of acridone based anti-cancer drugs (like amsacrine) and MDR modulator propafenone, acridones with hydroxyl amine chain at N-10 have been designed and synthesized. These molecules exhibit appreciable interactions with p-gp and Mg(2+) indicating their suitability to modulate p-gp mediated multi drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palwinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143 005, India.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
74
|
Impact of Novel MDR Modulators on Human Cancer Cells: Reversal Activities and Induction Studies. Pharm Res 2008; 26:182-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
75
|
Dihydropyridines and atypical MDR: A novel perspective of designing general reversal agents for both typical and atypical MDR. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:8329-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2007] [Revised: 06/07/2008] [Accepted: 07/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
76
|
Galletti E, Magnani M, Renzulli ML, Botta M. Paclitaxel and docetaxel resistance: molecular mechanisms and development of new generation taxanes. ChemMedChem 2008; 2:920-42. [PMID: 17530726 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200600308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Taxanes represent one of the most promising classes of anticancer agents. Unfortunately, their clinical success has been limited by the insurgence of cellular resistance, mainly mediated by the expression of the MDR phenotype or by microtubule alterations. However, the remarkable relevance of paclitaxel and docetaxel in clinical oncology stimulated intensive efforts in the last decade to identify new derivatives endowed with improved activities towards resistant tumor cells, resulting in a huge number of novel natural and synthetic taxanes. Among them, several structurally different derivatives were found to exhibit a promising behavior against the MDR phenotype in terms of either MDR inhibiting properties, or enhanced cytotoxicity compared to parental drugs, or both. On the other hand, only in more recent years have the first taxanes retaining activity against resistant cancer cells bearing alterations of the tubulin/microtubule system emerged. This review describes the main molecular mechanisms of resistance to paclitaxel and docetaxel identified so far, focusing on the advances achieved in the development of new taxanes potentially useful for the treatment of resistant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Galletti
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Alcide de Gasperi, 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
77
|
Li Y, Zhang HB, Huang WL, Li YM. Design and synthesis of tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives as potential multidrug resistance reversal agents in cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:3652-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2008] [Revised: 03/22/2008] [Accepted: 04/19/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
78
|
Inhibition of MDR1 expression by retinol treatment increases sensitivity to etoposide (VP16) in human neoplasic cell line. Toxicol In Vitro 2008; 22:873-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Revised: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
79
|
Fang W, Li Y, Cai Y, Kang K, Yan F, Liu G, Huang W. Substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline compound B3 inhibited P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in-vitro and in-vivo. J Pharm Pharmacol 2008; 59:1649-55. [PMID: 18053326 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.12.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the main obstacles in tumour chemotherapy. A promising approach to reverse MDR is the combined use of nontoxic and potent P-gp inhibitor with conventional anticancer drugs. We have examined the potential of a newly synthesized tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative B3 as a MDR-reversing agent. The MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used to examine the effect of B3 on the cytotoxicity in K562/A02 and MCF-7/ADM cells caused by doxorubicin (adriamycin). Accumulation and efflux of P-gp substrate rhodamine123 in K562/A02 and primary cultured rat brain microvessel endothelial cells (RBMECs) were measured to evaluate the inhibitory effect of B3 on P-gp. The K562/A02 xenograft model in nude mice was established to examine MDR-reversing efficacy of B3 in-vivo. The results indicated that co-administration of B3 resulted in an increase on chemosensitivity of K562/A02 and MCF-7/ADM cells to doxorubicin in a dose-dependent manner. Rhodamine123 accumulation in K562/A02 cells and RBMECs were significantly enhanced after the incubation with various concentrations of B3. Furthermore, B3 inhibited the efflux of rhodamine123 from RBMECs. Co-administration of B3 with doxorubicin significantly decreased weight and volume of tumour in nude mice. In conclusion, B3 is a novel and potent MDR reversal agent with the potential to be an adjunctive agent for tumour chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weirong Fang
- Department of Physiology, China Pharmaceutical University, Mailbox 207, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
80
|
Osorio EJ, Robledo SM, Bastida J. Alkaloids with antiprotozoal activity. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2008; 66:113-90. [PMID: 19025098 DOI: 10.1016/s1099-4831(08)00202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edison J Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Química-Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia, A. A. 1226, Medellín, Colombia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
81
|
Ak I, Gülbaş Z, Ocak S, Kaya E, Alataş F, Vardareli E, Metintaş M. TC-99m MIBI Spect Imaging in Patients With Lung Carcinoma. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2007; 31:795-9. [PMID: 17895794 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0b013e318033dee0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multidrug-resistance (MDR) phenotype concerns altered membrane transport that results in lower cell concentrations of cytotoxic drug in many cancer types, including lung cancer, and is related to the overexpression of a variety of proteins that act as adenosine triphosphate-dependent extrusion pumps. Tc-99m Sestamibi (MIBI) is a transport substrate for P-glycoprotein (Pgp) pump. In this study, we assessed the uptake and clearance of technetium-99m-2-hexakis 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI) from the tumor and its correlation with messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Pgp, MDR-associated protein (MRP1), and lung resistance protein (LRP) in lung carcinoma. METHODS This study was carried out on 19 patients (mean age, 60.1 +/- 2.07 years) with advanced-stage lung carcinoma. The tumor samples obtained by bronchoscopy were assessed to estimate the levels of Pgp, MRP1, and LRP expression on mRNA level by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Tc-99m MIBI chest imaging was performed 15 and 180 minutes after injection of 740 MBq Tc-99m MIBI. The early (T/Be) and delayed (T/Bd) Tc-99m MIBI uptakes and washout rate (WR) of Tc-99m MIBI from the tumor were measured. RESULTS No correlation was found between the T/Be Tc-99m MIBI uptake of tumors (T/Be) and the levels of Pgp mRNA, MRP1 mRNA, and LRP mRNA by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. There was a correlation between the mean T/Bd Tc-99m MIBI uptake and Pgp expression of the tumors (P = 0.001, Spearman rho = - 0.702). There was a correlation between the WR of Tc-99m MIBI from the tumor and Pgp expression of the tumor (P = 0.000, Spearman rho = 0.875). Washout rate of Tc-99m MIBI was not related to the levels of MRP1 mRNA (P = 0.93, Spearman rho = 0.02) or LRP mRNA (P = 0.47, Spearman rho = 0.177). CONCLUSIONS Increased WR of Tc-99m MIBI is related in Pgp over expression of the tumor. Tc-99m MIBI single photon emission computed tomography imaging may be a functional probe of overexpression of Pgp in patients with lung carcinoma. However, Tc-99m MIBI single photon emission computed tomography imaging cannot be used to identify the MDR involved in the MRP1 or LRP in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Ak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Osmangazi University Medical Faculty, Eskişehir, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Voigt B, Coburger C, Monár J, Hilgeroth A. Structure–activity relationships of novel N-acyloxy-1,4-dihydropyridines as P-glycoprotein inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:5110-3. [PMID: 17533131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2006] [Revised: 05/10/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Series of novel N-acyloxy-1,4-dihydropyridines have been synthesized and evaluated as P-glycoprotein inhibitors in an in vitro assay to estimate their potential to act as multidrug resistance modulators in cancer cells. Structure-activity relationships are discussed and prove a significant and regiospecific influence of certain functional groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burkhardt Voigt
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
83
|
Su J, McKittrick BA, Tang H, Burnett DA, Clader JW, Greenlee WJ, Hawes BE, O'Neill K, Spar B, Weig B, Kowalski T, Sorota S, Li C, Liu T. SAR study of bicyclo[4.1.0]heptanes as melanin-concentrating hormone receptor R1 antagonists: Taming hERG. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:5369-85. [PMID: 17572094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2007] [Revised: 05/23/2007] [Accepted: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To improve the ex vivo potency of MCH inhibitor 1a and to address its hERG liability, a structure-activity study was carried out, focusing on three regions of the lead structure. Introduction of new side chains with basic nitrogen improved in vitro and ex vivo bindings. Many potent compounds with K(i)<10nM were discovered (compounds 6a-j) and several compounds (14-17) had excellent ex vivo binding at 6h and 24h. Attenuating the basicity of nitrogen on the side chain, and in particular, introduction of a polar group such as aminomethyl on the distal phenyl ring significantly lowered the hERG activity. Further replacement of the distal phenyl group with heteroaryl groups in the cyclohexene series provided compounds such as 28l with excellent ex vivo activity with much reduced hERG liability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Su
- Department of Chemical Research, Schering-Plough Research Institute K15 2545, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
84
|
Ak Y, Demirel G, Gülbas Z. MDR1, MRP1 and LRP expression in patients with untreated acute leukaemia: Correlation with 99mTc-MIBI bone marrow scintigraphy. Nucl Med Commun 2007; 28:541-6. [PMID: 17538395 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0b013e328194f1cd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy failure linked to multidrug-resistance (MDR) plays an important role in many cancer types, including leukaemia. It is believed that overexpression of some of membrane or intracellular proteins confers the MDR phenotype to cancer cells. (99m)Tc-sestamibi (MIBI) is a transport substrate for the Pgp pump. We assessed the bone marrow uptake of (99m)Tc-MIBI and its correlation with messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of MDR1, multidrug-resistance associated protein-1 (MRP1) and lung resistance protein (LRP) in acute leukaemia. METHODS A total of 26 patients (age range 17-72 years; mean age 51.88+/-2.52 years) with newly diagnosed acute leukaemia were included in the study. The expression of MDR1, MRP1 and LRP on mRNA levels were assessed by quantitative RT-PCR in the blast cells. The MIBI uptake in the bone marrow was evaluated using a quantitative scoring system with determination of the tumour-to-background ratios for the bone marrow areas. The correlation between the quantitative RT-PCR results and MIBI uptake was analysed by using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients with two-tailed test of significance. RESULTS There was an inverse relationship between (99m)Tc-MIBI uptake of bone marrow and both mRNA levels of MDR1 and MRP1 (P=0.000, r= -0.733 and P=0.001, r= -0.610, respectively). No correlation was found between MIBI uptake and mRNA levels of LRP. CONCLUSION Increased expression of MDR1 and MRP1 correlates with a low accumulation of (99m)Tc-MIBI in bone marrow areas in patients with acute leukaemia. (99m)Tc-MIBI bone marrow scintigraphy can identify the MDR1 and MRP1 phenotype, but not LRP, in patients with acute leukaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ylknur Ak
- Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Osmangazi University Medical Faculty, 26480 Eskişehir, Turkey.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
85
|
Saquib M, Gupta MK, Sagar R, Prabhakar YS, Shaw AK, Kumar R, Maulik PR, Gaikwad AN, Sinha S, Srivastava AK, Chaturvedi V, Srivastava R, Srivastava BS. C-3 Alkyl/Arylalkyl-2,3-dideoxy Hex-2-enopyranosides as Antitubercular Agents: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and QSAR Study. J Med Chem 2007; 50:2942-50. [PMID: 17542574 DOI: 10.1021/jm070110h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of C-3 alkyl and arylalkyl 2,3-dideoxy hex-2-enopyranoside derivatives were synthesized by Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction using enulosides 4, 5, and 6 and various aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. The compounds were evaluated in vitro for the complete inhibition of growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. They exhibited moderate to good activity in the range of 25-1.56 mug/mL. Among these, 4d, 4h, 5c, and 4hr showed activity at minimum inhibitory concentrations, 3.12, 6.25, 1.56, and 1.56 mug/mL, respectively. These compounds were safe against cytotoxicity in VERO cell line and mouse macrophage cell line J 744A.1. A QSAR analysis by CP-MLR with alignment-free 3D-descriptors indicated the relevance of structure space comparable to the minimum energy conformation (from conformational analysis) of 5c to the activity. The study indicates that the compounds attaining the conformational space of 5c and reflecting some symmetry, minimum eccentricity, and closely placed geometric and electronegativity centers therein are favorable for activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saquib
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Division of Molecular and Structural Biology, Drug Target Discovery and Development Division and Division of Microbiology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
86
|
Limtrakul P, Siwanon S, Yodkeeree S, Duangrat C. Effect of Stemona curtisii root extract on P-glycoprotein and MRP-1 function in multidrug-resistant cancer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 14:381-9. [PMID: 17467965 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2007.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the result of overexpression of membrane bound proteins that efflux chemotherapeutic drugs from the cells. Two proteins, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug-resistance associated protein-1 (MRP-1) efflux chemotherapeutic agents out of the cancer cell that decrease intracellular drug accumulation, thereby decreasing the effectiveness of many chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, the ethanolic extract of the roots of Stemona curtisii Hook. was tested for the potential ability to modulate the MDR phenotype and function of P-gp and MRP-1. The S. curtisii extract reversed the resistance to putative chemotherapeutic agents, including vinblastine, paclitaxel and colchicine of KB-V1 cells (MDR human cervical carcinoma with high P-gp expression) in a dose-dependent manner, but not in KB-3-1 cells (drug sensitive human cervical carcinoma, which lack P-gp expression). The root extract also increased the intracellular uptake and retention of (3)[H]-vinblastine in KB-V1 cells dose dependently. The extract did not influence MDR phenotype-mediated MRP-1 in MRP1-HEK293 (human embryonic kidney cells stably transfected with pcDNA3.1-MRP1-H10 which show high MRP-1 expression) and pcDNA3.1-HEK293 (wild type). In summary, the S. curtisii root extract modulated P-gp activity but not MRP-1 activity. The result obtained from this study strongly indicated that S. curtisii extract may play an important role as a P-gp modulator as used in vitro and may be effective in the treatment of multidrug-resistant cancers. The purified form of the active components of S. curtisii extract should be investigated in more details in order to explain the molecular mechanisms involved in P-gp modulation. This is the first report of new biological activity in this plant, which could be a potential source of a new chemosensitizer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Limtrakul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
87
|
Vock CA, Ang WH, Scolaro C, Phillips AD, Lagopoulos L, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Sava G, Scopelliti R, Dyson PJ. Development of ruthenium antitumor drugs that overcome multidrug resistance mechanisms. J Med Chem 2007; 50:2166-75. [PMID: 17419606 DOI: 10.1021/jm070039f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organometallic ruthenium(II) complexes of the general formula [Ru(eta6-p-cymene)Cl2(L)] and [Ru(eta6-p-cymene)Cl(L)2][BPh4] with modified phenoxazine- and anthracene-based multidrug resistance (MDR) modulator ligands (L) have been synthesized, spectroscopically characterized, and evaluated in vitro for their cytotoxic and MDR reverting properties in comparison with the free ligands. For an anthracene-based ligand, coordination to a ruthenium(II) arene fragment led to significant improvement of cytotoxicity as well as Pgp inhibition activity. A similar, but weaker effect was also observed when using a benzimidazole-phenoxazine derivative as Pgp inhibitor. The most active compound in terms of both Pgp inhibition and cytotoxicity is [Ru(eta6-p-cymene)Cl2(L)], where L is an anthracene-based ligand. Studies show that it induces cell death via inhibition of DNA synthesis. Moreover, because the complex is fluorescent, its uptake in cells was studied, and relative to the free anthracene-based ligand, uptake of the complex is accelerated and accumulation of the complex in the cell nucleus is observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten A Vock
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
88
|
Singh P, Kaur P, Luxami V, Kaur S, Kumar S. Syntheses and anti-cancer activities of 2-[1-(indol-3-yl-/pyrimidin-5-yl-/pyridine-2-yl-/quinolin-2-yl)-but-3-enylamino]-2-phenyl-ethanols. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:2386-95. [PMID: 17275313 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2006] [Revised: 01/11/2007] [Accepted: 01/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Schiff bases prepared by the reactions of substituted amines with indole-/, pyrimidine-/, pyridine-/, and quinoline-aldehydes are made to undergo indium mediated allylation whereby a (substituted amine, allyl)methyl group has been introduced at C-3 of indole, C-5 of pyrimidine, and C-2 of pyridine and quinoline. Amongst the 16 compounds investigated for anti-cancer activities at 59 human tumor cell lines 3, 9-12, and 14 show appreciable activities. The structure-activity relationship studies point that the contribution of phenylglycinol moiety as a part of side chain at C-3 of indole and C-5 of pyrimidine seems to be crucial for exhibiting anti-cancer activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palwinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
89
|
Botta M, Armaroli S, Castagnolo D, Fontana G, Pera P, Bombardelli E. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new taxoids derived from 2-deacetoxytaxinine J. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:1579-83. [PMID: 17254787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.12.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/26/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A small library of 2-deacetoxytaxinine J (DAT-J) 1 derivatives was synthesised and tested in vitro for their reversal activity in human mammary carcinoma MDR cell line MCF7-R. One of the new taxoids showed to be active at 0.1 microM when tested in combination with paclitaxel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Botta
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena, via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
90
|
Lomovskaya O, Zgurskaya HI, Totrov M, Watkins WJ. Waltzing transporters and 'the dance macabre' between humans and bacteria. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2006; 6:56-65. [PMID: 17159924 DOI: 10.1038/nrd2200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistance efflux pumps - in particular those belonging to the resistance-nodulation-cell-division (RND) family of transporters, with their unusually high degree of substrate promiscuity - significantly restrict the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy. Recent years have heralded remarkable insights into the structure and mechanisms of these fascinating molecular machines. Here, we review recent advances in the field and describe various approaches used in combating efflux-mediated resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Lomovskaya
- Mpex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 3030 Bunker Hill Street, Suite 200 San Diego, California 92109, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
91
|
Singh P, Paul K. Anti-cancer activities of 5-acyl-6-[2-hydroxy/benzyloxy-3-(amino)-propylamino]-1,3-dialkyl-1H-pyrimidin-2,4-diones. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:8622-5. [PMID: 16949293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2006] [Revised: 08/16/2006] [Accepted: 08/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
All the nine 1,3-dialkylated-pyrimidin-2,4-diones investigated are active against all the 59 human tumor cell lines. Compounds 2, 3, 4, and 6 show significant anti-cancer activities at some specific cell lines while compounds 7 and 9 exhibit anti-cancer activities against more number of cell lines. The structure-activity relationship studies indicate that the presence of piperidine/pyrrolidine at the end of C-6 chain, benzoyl group at C-5, and benzyl groups at N-1, N-3 of the pyrimidine ring increases the anti-cancer activities of these molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palwinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
92
|
Singh P, Paul K. Studies of interactions between uracil-based hybrid molecules and P-glycoprotein—Search for multidrug resistance modulators. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:7183-6. [PMID: 16843673 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2006] [Revised: 06/22/2006] [Accepted: 06/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The hybrid molecules having structural features of anticancer drug, 5-fluorouracil, and MDR modulator, propafenone, have been studied for their interactions with P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Some of the molecules (5, 8, and 9) show considerable interactions with P-gp and could be the potential candidates for their in vivo evaluation as MDR modulators. Further investigations show the dependence of P-gp interacting properties of these compounds on their physico-chemical parameters like logP and total polar surface area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palwinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
93
|
Ceckova-Novotna M, Pavek P, Staud F. P-glycoprotein in the placenta: Expression, localization, regulation and function. Reprod Toxicol 2006; 22:400-10. [PMID: 16563694 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2006.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2005] [Revised: 01/11/2006] [Accepted: 01/24/2006] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Detailed understanding of the mechanisms employed in transfer of drugs across the placenta is essential for optimization of pharmacotherapy during pregnancy. Disclosure of drug efflux transporters as an "active component" of the placental barrier has brought new important insights into the field of transplacental pharmacokinetics. P-glycoprotein (P-gp, MDR1) is the first discovered and so far the best characterized of drug efflux transporters, whose role in the regulation of drug disposition to the fetus has been extensively studied. Expression of P-gp in the placental trophoblast layer was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels in all phases of pregnancy, and several in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated functional activity of the transporter in materno-fetal drug transport. P-gp is able to actively pump drugs and other xenobiotics from trophoblast cells back to the maternal circulation, providing thus protection to the fetus. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the expression, localization and function of P-gp in the placenta. In addition, we include the latest data concerning transcriptional regulation of placental P-gp expression and polymorphisms of the MDR1 gene. Clinical significance of placental P-gp and its future perspectives for pharmacotherapy during pregnancy are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ceckova-Novotna
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Heyrovskeho 1203, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
94
|
Wong HL, Bendayan R, Rauth AM, Wu XY. Simultaneous delivery of doxorubicin and GG918 (Elacridar) by new polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (PLN) for enhanced treatment of multidrug-resistant breast cancer. J Control Release 2006; 116:275-84. [PMID: 17097178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2006] [Revised: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer may be treated using combinations of encapsulated cytotoxic drugs and chemosensitizers. To optimize for the effectiveness of this combinational approach, novel polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticle (PLN) formulations capable of delivering a cytotoxic drug, doxorubicin (Dox), a chemosensitizer, GG918, or their combination were prepared. Both acute and long-term anticancer activities of various combinations of Dox and GG918 in solution or PLN form were evaluated in a human MDR breast cancer cell line (MDA435/LCC6/MDR1) using trypan blue exclusion and clonogenic assays. Cellular Dox uptake and drug distribution within the cells were determined by fluoremetry and fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that the encapsulation efficiencies of Dox and GG918 in PLN were up to 89% and were not compromised by co-encapsulation of the two agents. Of various combinational treatment approaches, the Dox and GG918 co-encapsulated PLN formulation ((DG)n) demonstrated the greatest Dox uptake and anticancer activity to the MDR cells, while co-administration of two single-agent loaded PLN was least effective. Fluorescence microscopy indicated cellular internalization of (DG)n. These findings suggest that in addition to the total drug concentrations, the simultaneous delivery of Dox and GG918 to the same cellular location is critical in determining the therapeutic effectiveness of this anticancer drug-chemosensitizer combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Lun Wong
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, 19 Russell Street, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 2S2
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
95
|
Cnubben NHP, Wortelboer HM, van Zanden JJ, Rietjens IMCM, van Bladeren PJ. Metabolism of ATP-binding cassette drug transporter inhibitors: complicating factor for multidrug resistance. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2006; 1:219-32. [PMID: 16922638 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.1.2.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Membrane transport proteins belonging to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family of transport proteins play a central role in the defence of organisms against toxic compounds, including anticancer drugs. However, for compounds that are designed to display a toxic effect, this defence system diminishes their effectiveness. This is typically the case in the development of cellular resistance to anticancer drugs. Inhibitors of these transporters are thus potentially useful tools to reverse this transporter-mediated cellular resistance to anticancer drugs and, eventually, to enhance the effectiveness of the treatment of patients with drug-resistant cancer. This review highlights the various types of inhibitors of several multidrug resistance-related ABC proteins, and demonstrates that the metabolism of inhibitors, as illustrated by recent data obtained for various natural compound inhibitors, may have considerable implications for their effect on drug transport and their potential for treatment of drug resistance.
Collapse
|
96
|
Koubeissi A, Raad I, Ettouati L, Guilet D, Dumontet C, Paris J. Inhibition of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug efflux by aminomethylene and ketomethylene analogs of reversins. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:5700-3. [PMID: 16950619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2006] [Revised: 07/17/2006] [Accepted: 07/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Several aminomethylene analogs and a ketomethylene analog of reversins were synthesized in order to evaluate their ability to inhibit P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux in K562/R7 human leukemic cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein. These analogs retained good activity compared to cyclosporin A and the original reversins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Koubeissi
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, EA 3741 Ecosystèmes et Molécules bioactives, 69373 Lyon cedex 08, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
97
|
Thomas VH, Bhattachar S, Hitchingham L, Zocharski P, Naath M, Surendran N, Stoner CL, El-Kattan A. The road map to oral bioavailability: an industrial perspective. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2006; 2:591-608. [PMID: 16859407 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2.4.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Optimisation of oral bioavailability is a continuing challenge for the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. The number of potential drug candidates requiring in vivo evaluation has significantly increased with the advent of combinatorial chemistry. In addition, drug discovery programmes are increasingly forced into more lipophilic and lower solubility chemical space. To aid in the use of in vitro and in silico tools as well as reduce the number of in vivo studies required, a team-based discussion tool is proposed that provides a 'road map' to guide the selection of profiling assays that should be considered when optimising oral bioavailability. This road map divides the factors that contribute to poor oral bioavailability into two interrelated categories: absorption and metabolism. This road map provides an interface for cross discipline discussions and a systematic approach to the experimentation that drives the drug discovery process towards a common goal - acceptable oral bioavailability using minimal resources in an acceptable time frame.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Hayden Thomas
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
98
|
Kumar A, Panda G, Siddiqi MI. CoMFA and CoMSIA 3D-QSAR analysis of diaryloxy-methano-phenanthrene derivatives as anti-tubercular agents. J Mol Model 2006; 13:99-109. [PMID: 16858589 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-006-0124-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2005] [Accepted: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) based on three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) studies were conducted on a series (44 compounds) of diaryloxy-methano-phenanthrene derivatives as potent antitubercular agents. The best predictions were obtained with a CoMFA standard model (q (2)=0.625, r (2)=0.994) and with CoMSIA combined steric, electrostatic, and hydrophobic fields (q (2)=0.486, r (2)=0.986). Both models were validated by a test set of seven compounds and gave satisfactory predictive r (2) values of 0.999 and 0.745, respectively. CoMFA and CoMSIA contour maps were used to analyze the structural features of the ligands to account for the activity in terms of positively contributing physicochemical properties: steric, electrostatic, and hydrophobic fields. The information obtained from CoMFA and CoMSIA 3-D contour maps can be used for further design of phenanthrene-based analogs as anti-TB agents. The resulting contour maps, produced by the best CoMFA and CoMSIA models, were used to identify the structural features relevant to the biological activity in this series of analogs. Further analysis of these interaction-field contour maps also showed a high level of internal consistency. This study suggests that introduction of bulky and highly electronegative groups on the basic amino side chain along with decreasing steric bulk and electronegativity on the phenanthrene ring might be suitable for designing better antitubercular agents.
Collapse
|
99
|
Pan Q, Lu Q, Zhang K, Hu X. Dibenzocyclooctadiene lingnans: a class of novel inhibitors of P-glycoprotein. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2005; 58:99-106. [PMID: 16231181 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-005-0133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Accepted: 09/23/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if five dibenzocyclooctadiene lingnans, a class of naturally occurring compounds from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill, have the activities to reverse P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated multidrug resistance (MDR). METHODS The IC(50)s of four MDR cell lines (K562/Adr, MCF-7/Adr, KBv200, and Bcap37/Adr) toward daunorubicin, vincristine, and paclitaxel in the presence or absence of one of the dibenzocyclooctadiene lingnans were determined by a FACscan assay. The intracellular daunorubicin accumulation in the four MDR cell lines was determined by incubation of cells with daunorubicin (2 microg/ml) in the presence or absence of one of the dibenzocyclooctadiene lingnans by a FACscan assay. The interaction of the five dibenzocyclooctadiene lingnans with P-gp was assayed by their inhibition of (3)H-azidopine photoaffinity labeling of P-gp. RESULTS Among the five lingnans, while schisandrin A and B, and schisantherin A demonstrated strong and comparable activities to reverse the drug resistance and the intracellular drug accumulation in four MDR cell lines, schisandrol A and B showed very limited activities. The poor activities of schisandrol A and B are possibly caused by the hydroxyl groups on the cyclooctadiene ring, because the activities of the molecules resumed when the hydroxyl group was esterified to form a benzoate. Further studies demonstrated that these compounds physically interacted with P-gp. CONCLUSION Schisandrin A and B, and schisantherin A are potent P-gp inhibitor and is of potential for future clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangrong Pan
- The Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
100
|
Teodori E, Dei S, Garnier-Suillerot A, Gualtieri F, Manetti D, Martelli C, Romanelli MN, Scapecchi S, Sudwan P, Salerno M. Exploratory Chemistry toward the Identification of a New Class of Multidrug Resistance Reverters Inspired by Pervilleine and Verapamil Models. J Med Chem 2005; 48:7426-36. [PMID: 16279802 DOI: 10.1021/jm050542x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the present knowledge of the substrate recognition site of ABC transporter proteins and inspired by the structures of verapamil and pervilleine A, a new class of Pgp-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) reverters has been designed and synthesized. The new compounds are flexible molecules carrying one or two basic nitrogen atoms flanked, at properly modulated distance, by two aromatic moieties. Most of the molecules studied possess MDR inhibitory activity on anthracycline-resistant erythroleukemia K 562 cells, showing a potency that is higher than that of the reference compound verapamil and, in a few cases (7, 12, 13,17, 20, 22, 28), is in the high nanomolar range. These compounds may be useful leads to develop new MDR reverting agents. In fact, the chemical structure of the class is fairly simple and can be implemented in a variety of ways that will allow the synthesis of new compounds that might be useful leads for the development of drugs to control Pgp-dependent MDR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Teodori
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Firenze, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|