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Eigner J. [128] Molecular weight and conformation of DNA. Methods Enzymol 1968. [DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(67)12153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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53
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54
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Yuasa S, Matsuzaki K, Nozu K. Ribosome-bound RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1967; 145:637-50. [PMID: 4965169 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(67)90123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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55
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Yehle CO, Doi RH. Differential expression of bacteriophage genomes in vegetative and sporulating cells of Bacillus subtilis. J Virol 1967; 1:935-47. [PMID: 4988129 PMCID: PMC375372 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.1.5.935-947.1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Two antigenically distinct bacteriophages, beta3 and beta22, have been isolated and characterized with Bacillus subtilis strain W23 as a host. They differ in plaque morphology, single-step growth characteristics, host range, and thermal stability. The deoxyribonucleic acids isolated from beta3 and beta22 differ in base composition, density in CsCl and Cs(2)SO(4), sedimentation coefficient, molecular weight, and thermal denaturation temperature. These phages have been used to analyze the ability of B. subtilis to sporulate despite infection by virulent phages. When development of phages beta3 and beta22 in sporulating cultures was compared with that in log cultures, an increase in the latent periods of infection and a decrease in the burst sizes for the two phages were observed. Sporulating cultures infected with beta3 yielded the usual percentage (85%) of mature spores; 80% of these contained phage determinants and 20% were uninfected. However, cultures infected with beta22 lysed. Of the small fraction (0.01%) which sporulated, 83% were uninfected and 17% were infected. Phage beta3-infected and uninfected spores were examined to distinguish any chemical or physical differences. Preparations of both types of spore contained 81.4 mug of dipicolinic acid per mg (dry weight), and examination by phase-contrast microscopy gave no evidence of any difference in outward appearance. A 20% decrease in infected spore count was observed upon heating at 80 C for 10 min. Differences in the infection processes of the two phages prompted an analysis of the transcription process after infection. Deoxyribonucleic acid-ribonucleic acid hybrid analysis of relative amounts of phage-specific and host-specific messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) present in infected cells suggested that beta3 was unable to repress the synthesis of host mRNA and that beta3-specific mRNA synthesis was repressed in sporulation-phase cultures. Phage beta22, in contrast, was able to repress host-specific mRNA synthesis in both log-infected and sporulation-infected cells. The results suggest that the differential expression of the phage genomes is due to the relative ability of the phages to repress the host genome.
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56
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Goldstein DA, Bendet IJ. Physical properties of the DNA from the blue-green algal virus LPP-1. Virology 1967; 32:614-8. [DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(67)90037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/1967] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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57
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Goldstein DA, Bendet IJ, Lauffer MA, Smith KM. Some biological and physicochemical properties of blue-green algal virus LPP-1. Virology 1967; 32:601-13. [DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(67)90036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/1967] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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58
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Summers WC, Szybalski W. Gamma-irradiation of deoxyribonucleic acid in dilute solutions. II. Molecular mechanisms responsible for inactivation of phage, its transfecting DNA, and of bacterial transforming activity. J Mol Biol 1967; 26:227-35. [PMID: 4962270 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90293-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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59
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Revel HR. Restriction of nonglucosylated T-even bacteriophage: properties of permissive mutants of Escherichia coli B and K12. Virology 1967; 31:688-701. [PMID: 4290282 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(67)90197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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60
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Luftig R, Haselkorn R. Morphology of a virus of blue-green algae and properties of its deoxyribonucleic acid. J Virol 1967; 1:344-61. [PMID: 4990040 PMCID: PMC375233 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.1.2.344-361.1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The morphology of Safferman's virus of blue-green algae (phycovirus LPP-1) has been studied by electron microscopy and physicochemical methods. The virion has a short (100 to 200 A long, 150 A in diameter) forked tail, with an outer sheath, an inner core, and a capital attached to one of the vertices of a polyhedral head. The head capsid edge-to-edge distance is 600 A, based upon internal calibration of the magnification in electron micrographs by use of the line-line spacing of catalase crystals. Measurements of absorbancy and infectivity, and electron microscopy across the band of virus after zone centrifugation on a sucrose gradient, indicated that infectivity was correlated with the short-tailed particles described. The viral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is linear, with a contour length of 13.2 +/- 0.5 mu, measured by the Kleinschmidt method. Its sedimentation coefficient, S(0) (20, w), is 33.4 +/- 0.7 S. These values are consistent with a molecular weight of 27 x 10(6) for the viral DNA. Based upon buoyant density in CsCl and thermal denaturation, the guanine-cytosine content of the DNA is 53%. The viral DNA was used as template for in vitro ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. This RNA annealed to 18% of the sequences in the viral DNA, 0.5% of the sequences in bacteriophage T7 DNA, and 0.25% of the sequences in Plectonema boryanum DNA, at saturating levels of RNA in the Hall-Nygaard hybridization assay. The lack of homology with T7 DNA is of interest because the two viruses are very similar morphologically. The lack of homology with host DNA suggests that this algal virus is a poor candidate for transduction.
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61
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Weiss B, Richardson CC. The 5'-terminal dinucleotides of the separated strands of T7 bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid. J Mol Biol 1967; 23:405-15. [PMID: 4291729 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(67)80115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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62
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Abstract
T1 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) infection of spheroplasts was characterized by the following. A small number of the DNA molecules initiated infectious centers, and a small number of the spheroplasts were infected by T1 DNA. Once a favorable encounter of T1 DNA with spheroplast occurred, a minimum of 20 to 30 min was required for T1 DNA to enter the spheroplast. The mature T1 particles produced in the infection of spheroplasts by T1 DNA were released in a burst, but the average burst size was quite small compared with a normal burst of the phage-infected bacteria. T1 DNA preparations, capable of causing viral growth in spheroplasts, did not require detectable amounts of protein for infectivity, were homogeneous in band and boundary sedimentation, and had a guanine plus cytosine content of 48% and a minimal molecular weight of 35 x 10(6). Denatured T1 DNA, like denatured lambdaDNA, did not infect spheroplasts. Renatured T1 DNA was not infectious; this was in marked contrast to renatured lambdaDNA.
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63
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Rosenbloom J, Schumaker V. Molecular weight dependence of the rotor speed induced aggregation of deoxyribonucleic acid. Biochemistry 1967; 6:276-83. [PMID: 6030324 DOI: 10.1021/bi00853a043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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64
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[70] The use of NaClO4 to isolate bacteriophage nucleic acids. Methods Enzymol 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(67)12082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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65
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Richards OC. Hybridization of Euglena gracilis chloroplast and nuclear DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1967; 57:156-63. [PMID: 4963252 PMCID: PMC335478 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.57.1.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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66
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Schito GC, Rialdi G, Pesce A. The physical properties of the deoxyribonucleic acid from N4 coliphage. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1966; 129:491-501. [PMID: 5965731 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(66)90064-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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67
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Abstract
Lee, Lucy F. (Michigan State University, East Lansing), and J. A. Boezi. Characterization of bacteriophage gh-1 for Pseudomonas putida. J. Bacteriol. 92:1821-1827. 1966.-Bacteriophage gh-1 of Pseudomonas putida A.3.12 was isolated and purified by differential centrifugation and diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose chromatography. An electron micrograph of the phage stained with uranyl acetate revealed a regular hexagonal outline about 50 mmu across with a short wedge-shaped tail attached at one corner of the head. The phage formed 10% as many plaques on P. putida C1S as on P. putida A.3.12, the organism used in the isolation procedure. No plaques were formed on P. fluorescens (ATCC 9712) or P. aeruginosa. The latent period of the infectious cycle was 21 min, and the average burst size was 103. The nucleic acid component of gh-1 is double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), with a base composition of 57.0% guanine plus cytosine (G + C) as determined by chemical analysis. The per cent G + C of P. putida A.3.12 DNA measured in a similar manner was 63.7%. The buoyant density of phage gh-1 measured by cesium chloride equilibrium centrifugation was 1.45 g/cm(3), whereas that of gh-1 DNA, heat-denatured gh-1 DNA, and P. putida A.3.12 DNA was 1.716, 1.730, and 1.722 g/cm(3), respectively. The per cent G + C of gh-1 DNA and P. putida A.3.12 DNA calculated from the buoyant densities was 57.1 and 63.3%, respectively. The sedimentation coefficients, S(50) (20,w), of gh-1 and the phenol-extracted gh-1 DNA, measured by the boundary sedimentation velocity method, were 460 and 18.9, respectively. The molecular weight of phenol-extracted gh-1 DNA, calculated by use of the equation of Burgi and Hershey, is 6 x 10(6).
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68
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Wetmur JG, Davidson N, Scaletti J. Properties of DNA of bacteriophage N1, a DNA with reversible circularity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1966. [DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(66)90509-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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69
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Freifelder D, Uretz RB. Mechanism of photoinactivation of coliphage T-7 sensitized by acridine orange. Virology 1966; 30:97-103. [PMID: 5911894 DOI: 10.1016/s0042-6822(66)81013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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70
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71
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72
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Richardson CC, Weiss B. The enzymatic phosphorylation of nucleic acids and its application to end-group analysis. J Gen Physiol 1966; 49:81-97. [PMID: 5338564 PMCID: PMC2195536 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.49.6.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Polynucleotide kinase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to the 5'-hydroxyl termini of polynucleotides. Selective labeling of the 5'-hydroxyl termini of DNA with polynucleotide kinase has been used to study the number and the identity of the 5'-terminal residues of bacteriophage DNA's, and to examine the nature of the phosphodiester bond cleavages produced by endonucleases and by sonic irradiation. The intact strands of T7 DNA bear 5'-phosphoryl end-groups; only deoxyadenylate and deoxythymidylate are present as 5'-terminal residues. The intact strands of native lambda-DNA bear 5'-hydroxyl end-groups. M13 DNA, a circular molecule, cannot be phosphorylated. End-group labeling of DNA provides a method for determination of molecular weight; calibration against other DNA preparations is not required. The molecular weight of a single strand of T7 DNA, determined by end-group labeling, is 13.1 x 10(6); the molecular weight of a single strand of lambda-DNA is 16.0 x 10(6). These values are in agreement with molecular weight estimates by sedimentation analysis and electron microscopy. Sonic irradiation of DNA has been shown to favor the production of polynucleotides terminated by 5'-phosphomonoester groups. All four deoxyribonucleotides are present as 5'-terminal residues of sonicated DNA.
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73
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Roger M, Beckmann CO, Hotchkiss RD. Fractionation of denatured pneumococcal DNA: evidence for resolution of complementary strands. J Mol Biol 1966; 18:174-94. [PMID: 4381594 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(66)80084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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74
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Freifelder D. Effect of NaCIO-4 on bacteriophage: release of DNA and evidence for population heterogeneity. Virology 1966; 28:742-50. [PMID: 5938891 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(66)90258-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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75
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76
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Freifelder D. A rapid technique for the preparation of purified bacteriophage DNA or RNA from crude lysates. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1965; 108:318-9. [PMID: 5865514 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(65)90020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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77
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Bruner R, Vinograd J. The evaluation of standard sedimentation coefficients of sodium RNA and sodium DNA from sedimentation velocity data in concentrated NaCl and CsCl solutions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1965; 108:18-29. [PMID: 5862239 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(65)90104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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78
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79
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80
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Crothers DM, Zimm BH. Viscosity and sedimentation of the DNA from bacteriophages T2 and T7 and the relation to molecular weight. J Mol Biol 1965; 12:525-36. [PMID: 5858429 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(65)80310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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81
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82
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Vinograd J, Lebowitz J, Radloff R, Watson R, Laipis P. The twisted circular form of polyoma viral DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1965; 53:1104-11. [PMID: 4287964 PMCID: PMC301380 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.53.5.1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 434] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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83
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Linn S, Lehman I. An Endonuclease from Neurospora crassa Specific for Polynucleotides Lacking an Ordered Structure. J Biol Chem 1965. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)97574-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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84
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85
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86
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87
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88
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89
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LYTTLETON JW, PETERSEN GB. THE ISOLATION OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID FROM PLANT TISSUES. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1964; 80:391-8. [PMID: 14153841 DOI: 10.1016/0926-6550(64)90141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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90
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Davison PF, Freifelder D. Effect of glucosylation on sedimentation velocity of DNA from T2 and T6 coliphages. Biopolymers 1964. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.1964.360020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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91
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Molecular Aspects of the Gene: Replication Mechanisms. Heredity (Edinb) 1964. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-395592-0.50016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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