51
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Medvedovici A, Bacalum E, David V. Sample preparation for large-scale bioanalytical studies based on liquid chromatographic techniques. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Medvedovici
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
| | - Elena Bacalum
- Research Institute; University of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
| | - Victor David
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry; University of Bucharest; Bucharest Romania
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52
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Hemmati M, Rajabi M, Asghari A. A twin purification/enrichment procedure based on two versatile solid/liquid extracting agents for efficient uptake of ultra-trace levels of lorazepam and clonazepam from complex bio-matrices. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1524:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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53
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Ohlson S, Kaur J, Raida M, Niss U, Bengala T, Drum CL, Boehm B, Torres AR. Direct analysis – no sample preparation – of bioavailable cortisol in human plasma by weak affinity chromatography (WAC). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1061-1062:438-444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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54
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Tripathi P, Upadhyay N, Nara S. Recent advancements in lateral flow immunoassays: A journey for toxin detection in food. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1715-1734. [PMID: 28071928 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1276048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Biotechnology embraces various physical and chemical phenomena toward advancement of health diagnostics. Toward such advancement, detection of toxins plays an important role. Toxins produce severe health impacts on consumption with high mortality associated in acute cases. The most prominent route of infection and intoxication is through food matrices. Therefore, rapid detection of toxins at low concentrations is the need of modern diagnostics. Lateral flow immunoassays are one of the emergent and popularly used rapid detection technology developed for detecting various kinds of analytes. This review thus focuses on recent advancements in lateral flow immunoassays for detecting different toxins in agricultural food. Appropriate emphasis was given on how the labels, recognition elements, or detection strategy has laid an impact on improvement in immunochromatographic assays for toxins. The paper also discusses the gradual change in sensitivities and specificities of assays in accordance with the method of food processing used. The review concludes with the major challenges faced by this technology and provides an outlook and insight of ideas to improve it in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Tripathi
- a Department of Biotechnology , Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology , Allahabad , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Neha Upadhyay
- a Department of Biotechnology , Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology , Allahabad , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Seema Nara
- a Department of Biotechnology , Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology , Allahabad , Uttar Pradesh , India
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55
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Recent Advances in Microextraction Techniques of Antipsychotics in Biological Fluids Prior to Liquid Chromatography Analysis. SEPARATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/separations4020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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56
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Nugbienyo L, Malinina Y, Garmonov S, Kamencev M, Salahov I, Andruch V, Moskvin L, Bulatov A. Automated sugaring-out liquid-liquid extraction based on flow system coupled with HPLC-UV for the determination of procainamide in urine. Talanta 2017; 167:709-713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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57
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Tubaon RM, Haddad PR, Quirino JP. Sample Clean‐up Strategies for ESI Mass Spectrometry Applications in Bottom‐up Proteomics: Trends from 2012 to 2016. Proteomics 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ria Marni Tubaon
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science School of Physical Sciences‐Chemistry University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Paul R. Haddad
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science School of Physical Sciences‐Chemistry University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Joselito P. Quirino
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science School of Physical Sciences‐Chemistry University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
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58
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Nejad MG, Faraji H, Moghimi A. Monitoring Pb in Aqueous Samples by Using Low Density Solvent on Air-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Coupled with UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 98:546-555. [PMID: 28132077 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-2010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, AA-DLLME combined with UV-Vis spectrophotometry was developed for pre-concentration, microextraction and determination of lead in aqueous samples. Optimization of the independent variables was carried out according to chemometric methods in three steps. According to the screening and optimization study, 86 μL of 1-undecanol (extracting solvent), 12 times syringe pumps, pH 2.0, 0.00% of salt and 0.1% DDTP (chelating agent) were chosen as the optimum independent variables for microextraction and determination of lead. Under the optimized conditions, R = 0.9994, and linearity range was 0.01-100 µg mL-1. LOD and LOQ were 3.4 and 11.6 ng mL-1, respectively. The method was applied for analysis of real water samples, such as tap, mineral, river and waste water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Ghasemi Nejad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, 33817-7489, Varamin, Iran
| | - Hakim Faraji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, 33817-7489, Varamin, Iran.
| | - Ali Moghimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, 33817-7489, Varamin, Iran
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59
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de Faria HD, Abrão LCDC, Santos MG, Barbosa AF, Figueiredo EC. New advances in restricted access materials for sample preparation: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 959:43-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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60
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Binary–solvent–based ionic–liquid–assisted surfactant‐enhanced emulsification microextraction for the determination of four fungicides in apple juice and apple vinegar. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:901-908. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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61
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Guo M, Yin D, Han J, Zhang L, Li X, He D, Du Y, Tang D. Phenylboronic acid modified solid-phase extraction column: Preparation, characterization, and application to the analysis of amino acids in sepia capsule by removing the maltose. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3428-35. [PMID: 27402169 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Maltose, a common auxiliary material of pharmaceutical preparation, may disturb the analysis of total amino acids in sepia capsule by aldolization. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the maltose through a convenient method. In this work, a phenylboronic acid modified solid-phase extraction column has been synthesized and used to remove the maltose. The materials were synthesized by one step "thiol-ene" reaction and the parameters of the column such as absorption capacity, recovery, and absorption specificity have been investigated. The results showed the column (0.5 cm of length × 0.5 cm of inner diameter) can absorb 4.6 mg maltose with a linear absorption and absorption specificity. Then this technique was applied in the quantification of amino acids in sepia capsule. After the optimization of the method, four kinds of amino acids, which were the most abundant, were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. The amounts of the four kinds of amino acids are 1.5∼2 times more than that without the treatment of solid-phase extraction column, which almost overcomes the influence of the maltose. All the results indicate that the phenylboronic acid modified solid-phase extraction column can successfully help to accurately quantify the total amino acids in sepia capsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhe Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dengyang Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dandan He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daoquan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. .,College of pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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62
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Eldin AB, Ismaiel OA, Hassan WE, Shalaby AA. Green analytical chemistry: Opportunities for pharmaceutical quality control. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934816090094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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63
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Rani S, Malik AK, Kaur R, Kaur R. A Review for the Analysis of Antidepressant, Antiepileptic and Quinolone Type Drugs in Pharmaceuticals and Environmental Samples. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2016; 46:424-42. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2016.1141670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susheela Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | | | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Ripneel Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
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64
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65
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Schemeth D, Kappacher C, Rainer M, Thalinger R, Bonn GK. Comprehensive evaluation of imidazole-based polymers for the enrichment of selected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Talanta 2016; 153:177-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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66
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Heidari M, Attari SG, Rafieiemam M. Application of solid phase microextraction and needle trap device with silica composite of carbon nanotubes for determination of perchloroethylene in laboratory and field. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 918:43-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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67
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Barreiro JC, Luiz AL, Maciel SCF, Maciel EVS, Lanças FM. Recent approaches for on-line analysis of residues and contaminants in food matrices: A review. J Sep Sci 2016; 38:1721-32. [PMID: 25773972 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights recent developments for on-line determination of residues and contaminants in complex matrices such as food samples. This involves the on-line coupling of a sample preparation technique (as the first "dimension") with a chromatographic system (second "dimension"), usually followed by mass spectrometry. Although frequently treated as quite distinct techniques, the role of all devices utilized as the first dimension in this approach aims to decrease the sample complexity while eliminating as much as possible the matrix contaminants to facilitate the qualitative and quantitative determination of the compounds of interest. This review will focus on the following techniques as the first dimension: (i) on-line solid-phase extraction; (ii) in-tube solid-phase microextraction; (iii) matrix solid-phase dispersion; and (iv) turbulent flow chromatography. The second dimension is usually performed using a chromatographic column to isolate the analyte(s) of interest for further mass spectrometry determination. A description of the basis of this on-line approach and its distinct set up possibilities is presented, which is followed by a critical review of the literature covering this subject in the last ten years (focusing on the last five years) with emphasis on the analysis of residue and contaminants in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anderson Luigi Luiz
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernando Mauro Lanças
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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68
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Murakami JN, Thurbide KB. Packed Column Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Using Stainless Steel Particles and Water As a Stationary Phase. Anal Chem 2015; 87:9429-35. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian N. Murakami
- Department of Chemistry University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Kevin B. Thurbide
- Department of Chemistry University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
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69
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Determination of urinary levels of leukotriene B(4) using ad highly specific and sensitive methodology based on automatic MEPS combined with UHPLC-PDA analysis. Talanta 2015; 144:382-9. [PMID: 26452837 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a potent mediator of inflammation and plays a key function in the pathophysiology of chronic asthma. Detectable urinary levels of LTB4, arises from the activation of leukotriene pathways. In this study an ultra-fast, selective and sensitive analytical method based on semi-automatic microextraction by packed sorbents (MEPS) technique, using a new digitally controlled syringe (eVol®) combined with ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC), is proposed for the measurement of urinary LTB4 (U-LTB4) levels in a group of asthmatic patients (APs) and healthy controls (CTRL). Important parameters affecting MEPS performance, namely sorbent type, number of extraction cycles (extract-discard) and elution volume, were evaluated. The optimal experimental conditions among those investigated for the quantification of U-LTB4 in urine samples were as follows: porous graphitic carbon sorbent (PGC), 10 extractions cycle (10×250 μL of sample) and LTB4 elution with 100 μL of acetonitrile. The UHPLC optimum conditions resulted in a mobile phase consisting of 95% (v/v) of acid aqueous solution (v/v), and acetonitrile 5% (v/v); flow rate of 500 µL/min, and a column temperature of 37±0.1 °C. Under optimized conditions the proposed method exhibit good selectivity and sensitivity LOD (0.37 ng/mL) and LOQ (1.22 ng/mL). The recovery ranging from 86.4 to 101.1% for LTB4, with relative standard deviations (% RSD) no larger than 5%. In addition, the method also afforded good results in terms of linearity (r(2)>0.995) within the established concentration range, with a residual deviation for each calibration point below 6%, and intra- and inter-day repeatability in urine samples with RSD values lower than 4 and 5%, respectively. The application of the method to urine samples revealed a tendency towards the increased urinary LTB4 levels in APs (5.42±0.17 ng/mL) when compared to those of CTRL group (from ND to 1.9 ng/mL). Urinary measurement of LTB4 may be an interesting and non-invasive option to assess control of asthma.
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70
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Liu WL, Lirio S, Yang Y, Wu LT, Hsiao SY, Huang HY. A poly(alkyl methacrylate-divinylbenzene-vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride) monolithic column for solid-phase microextraction. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1395:32-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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71
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Santos MG, Moraes GDOI, Nakamura MG, dos Santos-Neto ÁJ, Figueiredo EC. Restricted access molecularly imprinted polymers obtained by bovine serum albumin and/or hydrophilic monomers’ external layers: a comparison related to physical and chemical properties. Analyst 2015; 140:7768-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an01482d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
RAMIP-BSA is the best material for sample preparation in terms of selectivity, protein exclusion, and adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Gonçalves Santos
- Toxicants and Drugs Analysis Laboratory – LATF
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Federal University of Alfenas – Unifal-MG
- Alfenas
- Brazil
| | - Gabriel de Oliveira Isac Moraes
- Toxicants and Drugs Analysis Laboratory – LATF
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Federal University of Alfenas – Unifal-MG
- Alfenas
- Brazil
| | - Maurício Gustavo Nakamura
- Toxicants and Drugs Analysis Laboratory – LATF
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Federal University of Alfenas – Unifal-MG
- Alfenas
- Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Costa Figueiredo
- Toxicants and Drugs Analysis Laboratory – LATF
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Federal University of Alfenas – Unifal-MG
- Alfenas
- Brazil
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72
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Exhaustive extraction of peptides by electromembrane extraction. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 853:328-334. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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73
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Nageswara Rao R, Guru Prasad K. Stereo-specific LC and LC-MS bioassays of antidepressants and psychotics. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 29:21-40. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Nageswara Rao
- D215, Discovery Laboratory, Analytical Chemistry Division; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka Hyderabad 500 607 India
| | - K. Guru Prasad
- D215, Discovery Laboratory, Analytical Chemistry Division; Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Tarnaka Hyderabad 500 607 India
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74
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Enantioseparation of chiral pharmaceuticals in biomedical and environmental analyses by liquid chromatography: An overview. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 968:8-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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75
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Szultka M, Pomastowski P, Railean-Plugaru V, Buszewski B. Microextraction sample preparation techniques in biomedical analysis. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3094-105. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Szultka
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics; Faculty of Chemistry; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Torun Poland
| | - Pawel Pomastowski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics; Faculty of Chemistry; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Torun Poland
| | - Viorica Railean-Plugaru
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics; Faculty of Chemistry; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Torun Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology; Moldova State University; Chisinau Republic of Moldova
| | - Boguslaw Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics; Faculty of Chemistry; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Torun Poland
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76
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Zaitsev VN, Zui MF. Preconcentration by solid-phase microextraction. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934814080139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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77
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Savelieva EI, Gavrilova OP, Gagkaeva TY. Using solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the study of the volatile products of biosynthesis released by plants and microorganisms. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934814050086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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78
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Comparison of different sorbent materials for solid-phase extraction of selected drugs in human urine analyzed by UHPLC–UV. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 958:22-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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79
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Kailasa SK, Mehta VN, Wu HF. Recent developments of liquid-phase microextraction techniques directly combined with ESI- and MALDI-mass spectrometric techniques for organic and biomolecule assays. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47347c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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80
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Silva C, Cavaco C, Perestrelo R, Pereira J, Câmara JS. Microextraction by Packed Sorbent (MEPS) and Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) as Sample Preparation Procedures for the Metabolomic Profiling of Urine. Metabolites 2014; 4:71-97. [PMID: 24958388 PMCID: PMC4018671 DOI: 10.3390/metabo4010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For a long time, sample preparation was unrecognized as a critical issue in the analytical methodology, thus limiting the performance that could be achieved. However, the improvement of microextraction techniques, particularly microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME), completely modified this scenario by introducing unprecedented control over this process. Urine is a biological fluid that is very interesting for metabolomics studies, allowing human health and disease characterization in a minimally invasive form. In this manuscript, we will critically review the most relevant and promising works in this field, highlighting how the metabolomic profiling of urine can be an extremely valuable tool for the early diagnosis of highly prevalent diseases, such as cardiovascular, oncologic and neurodegenerative ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Silva
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, Funchal 9000-390, Portugal.
| | - Carina Cavaco
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, Funchal 9000-390, Portugal.
| | - Rosa Perestrelo
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, Funchal 9000-390, Portugal.
| | - Jorge Pereira
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, Funchal 9000-390, Portugal.
| | - José S Câmara
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, Funchal 9000-390, Portugal.
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81
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Pereira J, Silva CL, Perestrelo R, Gonçalves J, Alves V, Câmara JS. Re-exploring the high-throughput potential of microextraction techniques, SPME and MEPS, as powerful strategies for medical diagnostic purposes. Innovative approaches, recent applications and future trends. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:2101-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7527-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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83
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Murakami JN, Thurbide KB. Investigating the properties of subcritical water extraction with pharmaceutical tablets. CAN J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2013-0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The properties of subcritical water extraction (SWE) in the sample preparation of pharmaceutical tablets were investigated. Tablets comprised of microcrystalline cellulose excipients broke apart up to 80 times faster in subcritical water than they did in room temperature water, while those containing starch readily broke apart in either. Tablets containing starch were also observed to gelatinize or “paste” over several SWE conditions, impeding subsequent filtration and analysis. This effect was avoidable, however, since it was demonstrated to disappear with increases in extraction time and temperature or decreases in sample size. Using SWE, two common over-the-counter pharmaceuticals were extracted under optimized conditions from tablets comprised of either microcrystalline cellulose or starch excipients. Analyte recoveries of 95% or more were obtained at 150 °C for vitamin C (ascorbic acid) tablets in as little as 8 min for the extraction of a whole intact tablet, 6 min for two half tablets, and 5 min for a ground tablet. By comparison, this occurred at 250 °C in just 2 min for an intact slice of an acetaminophen tablet. Reproducibility was generally quite good with these trials producing RSD values of less than 2%. The results indicate that SWE can be a potentially viable and efficient method for the sample preparation of whole, sliced, or ground pharmaceutical tablets, and further exploration of this approach is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian N. Murakami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kevin B. Thurbide
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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84
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Zhang H, Zhu L, Luo L, Wang N, Chingin K, Guo X, Chen H. Direct assessment of phytochemicals inherent in plant tissues using extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:10691-10698. [PMID: 24107102 DOI: 10.1021/jf4032469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An ambient pressure ionization mass spectrometric strategy called internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (iEESI-MS) has been developed and applied for direct profiling of labile phytochemicals inherent in various native plant tissues, including leaves, roots, and fruits. By passing the electrospray solvent through the plant tissue, a variety of phytochemicals, such as amino acids, sugars (e.g., glucose, sucrose, polysaccharides, etc.), and alkaloids, were continuously extracted from the sample interior, driven toward the natural/cut electro-spraying tip, and vaporized into gaseous ions for mass spectrometric interrogation. Phytochemical patterns obtained by iEESI-MS permit a rapid differentiation between various species of ginkgo plant and strawberry maturity stages, as well as characterization of physiological/pathologic conditions of chlorophytum comosum. Our experimental results further demonstrate that the established iEESI-MS approach is potentially useful for direct phytochemomics studies with minimal biodegradation, allowing elucidation of plant metabolism with high speed, specificity, and simplicity of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China Institute of Technology , Nanchang 330013, People's Republic of China
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85
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Šrámková I, Amorim CG, Sklenářová H, Montenegro MCBM, Horstkotte B, Araújo AN, Solich P. Fully automated analytical procedure for propofol determination by sequential injection technique with spectrophotometric and fluorimetric detections. Talanta 2013; 118:104-10. [PMID: 24274276 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, an application of an enzymatic reaction for the determination of the highly hydrophobic drug propofol in emulsion dosage form is presented. Emulsions represent a complex and therefore challenging matrix for analysis. Ethanol was used for breakage of a lipid emulsion, which enabled optical detection. A fully automated method based on Sequential Injection Analysis was developed, allowing propofol determination without the requirement of tedious sample pre-treatment. The method was based on spectrophotometric detection after the enzymatic oxidation catalysed by horseradish peroxidase and subsequent coupling with 4-aminoantipyrine leading to a coloured product with an absorbance maximum at 485 nm. This procedure was compared with a simple fluorimetric method, which was based on the direct selective fluorescence emission of propofol in ethanol at 347 nm. Both methods provide comparable validation parameters with linear working ranges of 0.005-0.100 mg mL(-1) and 0.004-0.243 mg mL(-1) for the spectrophotometric and fluorimetric methods, respectively. The detection and quantitation limits achieved with the spectrophotometric method were 0.0016 and 0.0053 mg mL(-1), respectively. The fluorimetric method provided the detection limit of 0.0013 mg mL(-1) and limit of quantitation of 0.0043 mg mL(-1). The RSD did not exceed 5% and 2% (n=10), correspondingly. A sample throughput of approx. 14 h(-1) for the spectrophotometric and 68 h(-1) for the fluorimetric detection was achieved. Both methods proved to be suitable for the determination of propofol in pharmaceutical formulation with average recovery values of 98.1 and 98.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šrámková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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86
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Cielecka-Piontek J, Paczkowska M, Lewandowska K, Barszcz B, Zalewski P, Garbacki P. Solid-state stability study of meropenem - solutions based on spectrophotometric analysis. Chem Cent J 2013; 7:98. [PMID: 23759021 PMCID: PMC3691713 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-7-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background B-Lactam antibiotics are still the most common group of chemotherapeutic drugs that are used in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, due to their chemical instability the potential to apply them as oral pharmacotherapeutics is often limited and so it is vital to employ suitable non-destructive analytical methods. Hence, in order to analyze such labile drugs as β-lactam analogs, the application of rapid and reliable analytical techniques which do not require transferring to solutions or using organic solvents, following the current green approach to pharmaceutical analysis, is necessary. The main objective of the present research was to develop analytical methods for the evaluation of changes in meropenem in the solid state during a stability study. Results The UV, FT-IR and Raman spectra of meropenem were recorded during a solid-state stability study. The optimum molecular geometry, harmonic vibrational frequencies, infrared intensities and Raman scattering activities were calculated according to the density-functional theory (DFT/B3LYP method) with a 6-31G(d,p) basis set. As the differences between the observed and scaled wavenumber values were small, a detailed interpretation of the FT-IR and Raman spectra was possible for non-degraded and degraded samples of meropenem. The problem of the overlapping spectra of meropenem and ring-containing degradation products was solved by measuring changes in the values of the first-derivative amplitudes of the zero-order spectra of aqueous solutions of meropenem. Also, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), front molecular orbitals (FMOs) and the gap potential between highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) were determined. Conclusions Based on the findings of this work, it appears possible to use time-saving and reliable spectrophotometric analytical methods, supported by quantum-chemical calculations, for solid-state stability investigations of meropenem. The methods developed for this study may be considered a novel, green solution to pharmaceutical analysis of labile drugs – an alternative for the recommended chromatographic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, Poznań, 60-780, Poland.
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87
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Elucidating the sorption mechanism of “mixed-mode” SPME using the basic drug amphetamine as a model compound. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 782:21-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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88
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Karlonas N, Padarauskas A, Ramanavicius A, Ramanaviciene A. Mixed-mode SPE for a multi-residue analysis of benzodiazepines in whole blood using rapid GC with negative-ion chemical ionization MS. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:1437-45. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201201069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Audrius Padarauskas
- Center of Nanotechnology and Material Science; Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; Vilnius University; Vilnius; Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; Vilnius University; Vilnius; Lithuania
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- Center of Nanotechnology and Material Science; Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; Vilnius University; Vilnius; Lithuania
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89
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Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction and chiral LC–MS/MS analysis of venlafaxine and its metabolites in plasma. Bioanalysis 2013; 5:721-30. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.13.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An enantioselective analytical method was developed and validated for determination of venlafaxine and its metabolites O-desmethylvenlafaxine and N-desmethylvenlafaxine in plasma samples. The method employed LC–MS/MS analysis and hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF LPME) for sample preparation. Results: After HF LPME optimization the following condition was established: sample volume of 4 ml, sample agitation at 1750 rpm, 20 min of extraction, 0.1 mol/l acetic acid as acceptor phase, 1-octanol as organic phase and donor phase pH adjustment to 10. Under these conditions, the method was linear over the concentration range of 5–500 ng/ml with quantification limits of 5 ng/ml. Conclusion: The use of HF LPME for sample preparation provided suitable recoveries, efficient clean-up and low consumption of organic solvent.
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90
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Szultka M, Krzeminski R, Szeliga J, Jackowski M, Buszewski B. A new approach for antibiotic drugs determination in human plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1272:41-9. [PMID: 23261289 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive and selective analytical procedures based on high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection were developed for the determination of linezolid (LIN) and amoxicillin (AMOX) in human plasma samples. Samples were prepared by applying protein precipitation (PP), solid phase extraction (SPE), and microextraction in packed syringe (MEPS). The analytical separation was carried out using reversed phase liquid chromatography in isocratic mode. All analytes were monitored by mass spectrometry (MS) detection in the product ion mode and the method was validated covering the corresponding therapeutic range of 1-30 μg/mL and 1-50 μg/mL for LIN and AMOX respectively. The assay was linear over AMOX and LIN concentration ranges. The method provided good validation data: accuracy (102.9% (LIN), 100.9% (AMOX)), limit of detection (0.1407 ng/mL (LIN); 0.1341 ng/mL (AMOX); quantification (0.3814 ng/mL (LIN), 0.4249 ng/mL (AMOX)) and acceptable stability within 24h in the auto-sampler. Three different methods were compared as regards precision, accuracy, recovery and matrix effects. The proposed methods offer a fast and simple way to determine selected antibiotic drugs in human plasma that could be applied in pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Szultka
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarin 7 Street, PL-87-100 Torun, Poland
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91
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Heidari M, Bahrami A, Ghiasvand AR, Shahna FG, Soltanian AR. A novel needle trap device with single wall carbon nanotubes sol–gel sorbent packed for sampling and analysis of volatile organohalogen compounds in air. Talanta 2012; 101:314-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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92
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Navas MJ, Jiménez-Moreno AM, Bueno JM, Sáez-Plaza P, Asuero AG. Analysis and Antioxidant Capacity of Anthocyanin Pigments. Part III: An Introduction to Sample Preparation and Extraction. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2012.680341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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93
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Candish E, Gooley A, Wirth HJ, Dawes PA, Shellie RA, Hilder EF. A simplified approach to direct SPE-MS. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:2399-406. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esme Candish
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS); School of Chemistry; Hobart Tasmania Australia
- SGE Analytical Science; Ringwood Victoria Australia
| | - Andrew Gooley
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS); School of Chemistry; Hobart Tasmania Australia
- SGE Analytical Science; Ringwood Victoria Australia
| | | | | | - Robert A. Shellie
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS); School of Chemistry; Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Emily F. Hilder
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS); School of Chemistry; Hobart Tasmania Australia
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94
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Murakami JN, Thurbide KB, Lambertus G, Jensen E. Characterization of the subcritical water extraction of Fluoxetine-Hydrochloride. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1250:80-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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95
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Farhadi K, Hatami M, Matin AA. Microextraction techniques in therapeutic drug monitoring. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 26:972-89. [PMID: 22767149 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), as part of clinical process of medical treatments, is commonly used to maintain 'therapeutic' drug concentrations. TDM is useful to identify the causes of unwanted or unexpected responses, to prevent unnecessary diagnostic testing, to improve clinical outcomes, and even to save lives. The determination of drug concentration in blood samples requires an excellent sample preparation procedure. Recent trends in sample preparation include miniaturization, automation, high-throughput performance, on-line coupling with analytical instruments and low-cost operation through extremely low or no solvent consumption. Microextraction techniques, such as liquid- and solid-phase microextraction, have these advantages over the traditional techniques. This paper reviews the recent developments in microextraction techniques used for drug monitoring in serum, plasma or blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Farhadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Iran.
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96
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97
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Hadjmohammadi M, Ghambari H. Three-phase hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction of warfarin from human plasma and its determination by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 61:44-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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98
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Fast, selective, and sensitive analysis of low-abundance peptides in human plasma by electromembrane extraction. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 716:16-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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99
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Musteata FM. Calculation of Normalized Drug Concentrations in the Presence of Altered Plasma Protein Binding. Clin Pharmacokinet 2012; 51:55-68. [DOI: 10.2165/11595650-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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100
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Neng NR, Nogueira JMF. Development of a bar adsorptive micro-extraction–large-volume injection–gas chromatography–mass spectrometric method for pharmaceuticals and personal care products in environmental water matrices. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:1355-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5515-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 10/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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