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Can social and emotional learning improve children’s academic progress? Findings from a randomised controlled trial of the Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies (PATHS) curriculum. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10212-019-00452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDespite the significant evidence base demonstrating the positive impact of the Promoting Alternative Thinking Strategies (PATHS) curriculum on children’s social-emotional and mental health outcomes, there has been very little research on its efficacy in improving academic attainment. More generally, the relationship between implementation variability and PATHS intervention outcomes has been underexplored. A cluster-randomised controlled trial with two arms: intervention (PATHS – 23 schools) and control (usual practice – 22 schools) was implemented to assess the impact of PATHS on English and Mathematics for children in years 5 (aged 9–10 years, n = 1705 pupils) and 6 (aged 10–11 years, n = 1631 pupils) in English primary schools. Two-level hierarchical linear models (school, child) were used to assess both primary ‘intention-to-treat’ effects and secondary ‘subgroup’ effects (for children eligible for free school meals). Additionally, the moderating role of implementation variability was assessed in 31 year 5 (n = 712 pupils) and 32 year 6 (n = 732 pupils) classes across the 23 intervention schools, with fidelity, dosage, quality/responsiveness and reach data generated via classroom-level structured lesson observations. Intention-to-treat and subgroup analyses revealed no significant positive effect of PATHS on children’s academic attainment. Cluster analyses of observational data revealed four distinct implementation profiles, differentiated primarily by dosage levels. However, these profiles were not significantly associated with differential academic outcomes. In light of our findings and their likely generalisability, it is not possible to recommend PATHS as an effective intervention for improving the academic attainment of children in English primary schools.Trial registration: ISRCTN85087674
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New Directions in Police Academy Training: A Call to Action. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16244941. [PMID: 31817578 PMCID: PMC6950698 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16244941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The complexities of modern policing require law enforcement agencies to expand how officers are trained to do their jobs. It is not sufficient for training to focus solely on the law or on perishable skills; such as arrest and control; defensive tactics; driving; and firearms. The present manuscript addresses the critical importance of infusing academy training with the psychological skills essential for officers to meet the contemporary challenges of police work. The authors suggest that the skills (i.e., cognitive; emotional; social; and moral) discussed in this paper may improve officers' wellness as well as promote relationships between police officers and community members. Specific methods of incorporating these skills in academy training are offered.
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Peña-Sarrionandia A, Mikolajczak M, Gross JJ. Corrigendum: Integrating emotion regulation and emotional intelligence traditions: a meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2610. [PMID: 31824385 PMCID: PMC6891968 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ainize Peña-Sarrionandia
- Faculty of Psychology, Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of the Basque Country, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Moïra Mikolajczak
- Department of Psychology, Research Unit for Emotion Cognition and Health, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - James J Gross
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Davis SK, Nowland R, Qualter P. The Role of Emotional Intelligence in the Maintenance of Depression Symptoms and Loneliness Among Children. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1672. [PMID: 31379688 PMCID: PMC6660264 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying factors that predict the maintenance of depression and loneliness in children is important for intervention design. Whilst emotional intelligence (EI) has been identified as a predictor of mental health, research examining how both trait and ability EI contribute to long-term patterns of symptomatology in children is markedly absent. We examined the impact of both TEI and AEI on the maintenance of loneliness and depressive symptoms over 1 year in children aged 9-11 years. Two hundred and thirteen children (54% male) completed the TEIQue-CF and the MSCEIT-YV at the first time point of the study, and the Child Depression Inventory and the Loneliness and Aloneness Scale for Children and Adolescents at Time 1 and, again, 1 year later. Findings indicate that emotional skills (AEI) are important for predicting the maintenance of depressive symptoms and loneliness in children over 1 year; emotional self-competency (TEI) is less influential, only contributing to long-term loneliness in girls. Moreover, whilst deficiencies in the ability to perceive and understand emotions were predictive of prolonged symptomatology, so, too, were proficiencies in using emotion to facilitate thinking and emotion management. Those findings carry important implications for EI theory and future research. They also indicate that EI interventions tailored to groups of "at risk" school children may be useful for reducing specific profiles of internalizing symptoms. Programs targeting AEI skills may be universally helpful for reducing the likelihood that depressive symptoms and loneliness will be maintained over time in middle childhood; girls at risk for prolonged loneliness would additionally benefit from opportunities to bolster TEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Davis
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Health and Society, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Nowland
- Child Health and Well-Being Research Group, School of Nursing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Qualter
- Manchester Institute of Education, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Edwards BG, Ermer E, Salovey P, Kiehl KA. Emotional Intelligence in Incarcerated Female Offenders With Psychopathic Traits. J Pers Disord 2019; 33:370-393. [PMID: 29505384 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2018_32_349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Emotional impairment is a core feature of psychopathy, and the disorder has been linked to an inability to recognize and regulate emotion, leading to deficiencies in empathy and difficulties in social functioning. This study investigated associations among psychopathic traits and ability-based emotional intelligence (EI) in female offenders and integrated data with previously published male offender data (Ermer, Kahn, Salovey, & Kiehl, 2012) to examine gender differences in relationships. Results showed that female offenders were impaired in the understanding and management of emotion relative to the general population, and that female offenders scored higher than male offenders in EI. Affective psychopathic traits (e.g., callousness) yielded a small relationship with difficulties in managing emotion in female offenders, and few gender differences in relationships between psychopathy and EI were found. Findings contribute to literature on emotional functioning in females with psychopathic traits and further understanding of gender differences in emotional abilities among offenders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany G Edwards
- University of New Mexico and The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Elsa Ermer
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore
| | | | - Kent A Kiehl
- University of New Mexico and The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Asiamah N, Mends-Brew E, Boison BKT. A spotlight on cross-sectional research: Addressing the issues of confounding and adjustment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/20479700.2019.1621022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nestor Asiamah
- Africa Centre for Epidemiology, Gerontology and geriatric care, Accra, Ghana
| | - Edwin Mends-Brew
- Department of Statistics, Accra Technical University, Accra, Ghana
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Skarbaliene A. Emotional intelligence in healthcare. MEDICAL SCIENCE PULSE 2019. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Healthcare professionals have new challenges to deal with. Aim of the study: To reveal whether emotional intelligence could help healthcare professionals meet these new challenges. Material and methods: Literature review. Results: Emotional intelligence is seen as a valid strategy that can produce visible results. Conclusions: It has been shown that emotional competencies can be effectively developed. Healthcare professionals must take advantage of this to become more effective and successful in their professional growth.
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Navarro-Bravo B, Latorre JM, Jiménez A, Cabello R, Fernández-Berrocal P. Ability emotional intelligence in young people and older adults with and without depressive symptoms, considering gender and educational level. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6595. [PMID: 31041148 PMCID: PMC6476293 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is little research on differences in Emotional Intelligence (EI) ability at different stages of adult development. The few published studies tend not to use older adult samples. Previous studies on EI ability and age have shown contradictory results. Our main objective was to evaluate results in EI ability across different stages of adult development, taking into account gender, depressive symptoms, and educational level. Methods We interviewed 166 participants (108 women), 66 of whom were aged 18–30 years, 53 aged 31–60 years, and 40 aged 61–76 years. All were either working or enrolled in colleges at the time of the study. The assessment tools used were the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT), a test that assesses performance-based EI, and the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale, a tool to evaluate depressive symptoms. Results Young people, women, and participants with a higher educational level achieved higher scores on the MSCEIT. Additionally, depressive symptomatology was only partially associated with the MSCEIT (i.e., with the using emotions branch). However, a subsequent joint analysis of the independent effects of variables age, gender, educational level, and depressive symptomatology and their interactions on MSCEIT total suggests that only educational level and depressive symptomatology were associated with EI ability, with the direct relationship between age and gender with MSCEIT disappearing. Additionally, our study indicated an interaction effect between age and depressive symptoms, showing that participants in age cohorts 18–30 and 31–60 and without depressive symptoms have a higher EI ability. Discussion Our study suggests that the direct effects of age and gender on EI ability across adult development, using a wide age range, can change or disappear when effects of educational level and depressive symptomatology, and their interactions, are controlled for. Our results also suggest that EI ability is a protective factor against depression in some age cohorts. This novel aspect of our study does not appear in the previous literature. However, prospective studies are needed to verify these findings and examine whether other psychological variables could determine the relations between age, gender and EI ability across adult development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Navarro-Bravo
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.,Unidad de Investigación, Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Albacete, Fundación del Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, Albacete, Spain
| | - José M Latorre
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ana Jiménez
- Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Rosario Cabello
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Education, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Pierce BG, Levin ME. Preliminary validation and reliability assessment of a 10-item Tacting of Function Scale. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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The Mobile Emotional Intelligence Test (MEIT): An Ability Test to Assess Emotional Intelligence at Work. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11030827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study analyzes the Mobile Emotional Intelligence Test (MEIT), a new ability-test to assess emotional intelligence (EI) in a digital way. Taking into account the importance of emotional competencies in the study of employees’ wellbeing and performance, the instrument tested is based on the most supported ability model (Four-branch Mayer and Salovey Model), and it evaluates emotional capacity through nine different emotional tasks. A total of 1549 participants (841 women and 708 men) with an average age of 27.77 (SD = 8.75) fulfilled the MEIT, consisting of 42 items. The score on the test is based on expert judgments: professional psychologists and emotional intelligence specialists. In addition to the MEIT test, a series of questionnaires was used to assess relevant constructs which research has shown to be related to EI (general intelligence, personality traits, and life satisfaction); besides, another measure of emotional intelligence trait (TMMS-24) was included. The results showed that the MEIT is a reliable and valid test that is useful for both scientific research and individual assessment. Statistical analysis provides evidence of the reliability and validity of the three-factor structure of the questionnaire. Moreover, internal consistency measures were high. In line with previous studies, MEIT maintains the expected relationships with the rest of the constructs studied. Finally, the limitations of the present study and the need for future research on emotional intelligence assessment are discussed.
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Mota S, Leckelt M, Geukes K, Nestler S, Humberg S, Schröder-Abé M, Schmukle SC, Back MD. A Comprehensive Examination of Narcissists’ Self-Perceived and Actual Socioemotional Cognition Ability. COLLABRA-PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1525/collabra.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Narcissists are assumed to lack the motivation and ability to share and understand the mental states of others. Prior empirical research, however, has yielded inconclusive findings and has differed with respect to the specific aspects of narcissism and socioemotional cognition that have been examined. Here, we propose a differentiated facet approach that can be applied across research traditions and that distinguishes between facets of narcissism (agentic vs. antagonistic) on the one hand, and facets of socioemotional cognition ability (SECA; self-perceived vs. actual) on the other. Using five nonclinical samples in two studies (total N = 602), we investigated the effect of facets of grandiose narcissism on aspects of socioemotional cognition across measures of affective and cognitive empathy, Theory of Mind, and emotional intelligence, while also controlling for general reasoning ability. Across both studies, agentic facets of narcissism were found to be positively related to perceived SECA, whereas antagonistic facets of narcissism were found to be negatively related to perceived SECA. However, both narcissism facets were negatively related to actual SECA. Exploratory condition-based regression analyses further showed that agentic narcissists had a higher directed discrepancy between perceived and actual SECA: They self-enhanced their socio-emotional capacities. Implications of these results for the multifaceted theoretical understanding of the narcissism-SECA link are discussed.
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Constant E, Christophe V, Bodenmann G, Nandrino JL. Attachment orientation and relational intimacy: The mediating role of emotional competences. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-018-0062-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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63
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Espinosa A, Kadić-Maglajlić S. The Mediating Role of Health Consciousness in the Relation Between Emotional Intelligence and Health Behaviors. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2161. [PMID: 30467488 PMCID: PMC6237147 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The goals of this study were to identify groups of health-related behaviors among young adults (N = 314, Mage = 21.94, SD = 6.53), gauge the relation between emotional intelligence and health behaviors in this population, and assess health consciousness as mediator of said relation. Latent class analysis identified two mutually exclusive health behavior groups, which according to response patterns were labeled as Healthy and Unhealthy. The Healthy group (56%) was composed of individuals who had a healthy diet (i.e., low fat and high fiber), exercised regularly, and who frequently engaged in behaviors that prevent oral and skin-related diseases. In contrast, the Unhealthy group (44%) rarely engaged in these health-promoting behaviors. Using structural equation modeling we found a negative relation between emotional intelligence and unhealthy behaviors relative to health-promoting ones. Mediation analyses indicated that the mechanism explaining said relation was through increments in health consciousness, with large standardized indirect effects ranging between -0.52 and -0.78. As health behaviors during early adulthood are salient predictors of health outcomes in old age, the results have clear implications for the inclusion of emotional intelligence training in programs seeking to raise health awareness and cultivate health promoting behaviors in young adults, in so much as to seek to reduce the risk of chronic ailments later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Espinosa
- Colin Powell School for Civic and Global Leadership, Department of Psychology, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Selma Kadić-Maglajlić
- School of Economics and Business, Department of Marketing, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Smith R, Killgore WD, Alkozei A, Lane RD. A neuro-cognitive process model of emotional intelligence. Biol Psychol 2018; 139:131-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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65
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Qualter P, Urquijo I, Henzi P, Barrett L, Humphrey N. Ability emotional intelligence and children’s behaviour in the playground. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Qualter
- Manchester Institute of Education University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom
| | - Itziar Urquijo
- Faculty of Psychology and Education University of Deusto Bilbao Spain
| | - Peter Henzi
- Department of Psychology University of Lethbridge Lethbridge Alberta Canada
| | - Louise Barrett
- Department of Psychology University of Lethbridge Lethbridge Alberta Canada
| | - Neil Humphrey
- Manchester Institute of Education University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom
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Dibben N, Coutinho E, Vilar JA, Estévez-Pérez G. Do Individual Differences Influence Moment-by-Moment Reports of Emotion Perceived in Music and Speech Prosody? Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:184. [PMID: 30210316 PMCID: PMC6119718 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparison of emotion perception in music and prosody has the potential to contribute to an understanding of their speculated shared evolutionary origin. Previous research suggests shared sensitivity to and processing of music and speech, but less is known about how emotion perception in the auditory domain might be influenced by individual differences. Personality, emotional intelligence, gender, musical training and age exert some influence on discrete, summative judgments of perceived emotion in music and speech stimuli. However, music and speech are temporal phenomena, and little is known about whether individual differences influence moment-by-moment perception of emotion in these domains. A behavioral study collected two main types of data: continuous ratings of perceived emotion while listening to extracts of music and speech, using a computer interface which modeled emotion on two dimensions (arousal and valence), and demographic information including measures of personality (TIPI) and emotional intelligence (TEIQue-SF). Functional analysis of variance on the time series data revealed a small number of statistically significant differences associated with Emotional Stability, Agreeableness, musical training and age. The results indicate that individual differences exert limited influence on continuous judgments of dynamic, naturalistic expressions. We suggest that this reflects a reliance on acoustic cues to emotion in moment-by-moment judgments of perceived emotions and is further evidence of the shared sensitivity to and processing of music and speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Dibben
- Department of Music, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Coutinho
- Department of Music, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - José A. Vilar
- Department of Mathematics, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
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67
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Emotional Intelligence and Depression Among Hospital Nurses of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. ARCHIVES OF NEUROSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ans.70734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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68
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Vesely Maillefer A, Udayar S, Fiori M. Enhancing the Prediction of Emotionally Intelligent Behavior: The PAT Integrated Framework Involving Trait EI, Ability EI, and Emotion Information Processing. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1078. [PMID: 30013496 PMCID: PMC6036374 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional Intelligence (EI) has been conceptualized in the literature either as a dispositional tendency, in line with a personality trait (trait EI; Petrides and Furnham, 2001), or as an ability, moderately correlated with general intelligence (ability EI; Mayer and Salovey, 1997). Surprisingly, there have been few empirical attempts conceptualizing how the different EI approaches should be related to each other. However, understanding how the different approaches of EI may be interwoven and/or complementary is of primary importance for clarifying the conceptualization of EI and organizing the literature around it. We introduce a theoretical framework explaining how trait EI, ability EI, and emotion information processing – a novel component related to EI recently introduced in the literature (e.g., Fiori and Vesely Maillefer, 2018) – may contribute to effective emotion-related performance and provide initial evidence supporting its usefulness in predicting EI-related outcomes. More specifically, we show that performance in a task in which participants had to infer the mental and emotional states of others, namely a Theory of Mind task, was predicted jointly (e.g., interaction effects) by trait EI, ability EI, and emotion information processing, after controlling for personality and IQ (N = 323). Our results argue for the importance of investigating the joint contribution of different aspects of EI in explaining variability in emotionally laden outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shagini Udayar
- Department of Organizational Behavior, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marina Fiori
- Department of Organizational Behavior, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Silva RG, Figueiredo-Braga M. Evaluation of the relationships among happiness, stress, anxiety, and depression in pharmacy students. CURRENTS IN PHARMACY TEACHING & LEARNING 2018; 10:903-910. [PMID: 30236427 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To present the results of a survey on stress, anxiety, depression, subjective happiness, and academic satisfaction among pharmacy students. METHODS A total of 410 pharmacy students, were included. Sociodemographic characteristics, stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and happiness were evaluated using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), in May 2015. RESULTS First and second year student's (n = 200) presented higher levels of academic satisfaction (p = 0.003) and lower levels of stress (p < 0.001), anxiety (p = 0.011) and depression (p = 0.010) than third and fourth year students (n = 210). Academic satisfaction, HADS, and the PSS explained 36.7% of the students' happiness. CONCLUSIONS The student's psychological distress, academic satisfaction, and happiness varies through the school years. Monitoring a probable cumulative effect during pharmacy school may contribute to identify students at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute Gonçalves Silva
- Medical Psychology Unit, Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Figueiredo-Braga
- Medical Psychology Unit, Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; I3S-Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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Carrieri A, Fermani A. Sustainable accommodation choice in tourism and emotional intelligence connected: An exploratory study looking for evidence. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2018.1485474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Carrieri
- Department of Educational Sciences, Cultural Heritage and Tourism, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fermani
- Department of Educational Sciences, Cultural Heritage and Tourism, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
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Fernández-González L, Calvete E, Orue I, Echezarraga A. The role of emotional intelligence in the maintenance of adolescent dating violence perpetration. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Asiamah N, Mensah HK, Danquah E. An assessment of the emotional intelligence of health workers. JOURNAL OF GLOBAL RESPONSIBILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/jgr-03-2017-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to assess health workers’ level of emotional intelligence (EI) in Accra North and recommend a simple but robust statistical technique for compulsorily validating EI measurement scales.
Design/methodology/approach
The researchers used a self-reported questionnaire to collect data from 1,049 randomly selected health workers. Two non-nested models, BNK MODEL and CMODEL, were compared to see which of them better fits the study population and yields a better level of EI. The one-sample and independent-samples t-tests, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to present results.
Findings
The study found that health workers were appreciably emotionally intelligent for both models at the 5 per cent significance level. However, EI was higher for the CMODEL. The CMODEL also better fits the study population (χ2 = 132.2, p = 0.487, Akaike information criterion = 124.932) and thus better underlies EI in it. This study recommends proper validation of the two EI scales evaluated in this study, and possibly other scales, before the use of their data in research, as failure to do so could lead to unrealistic results.
Originality/value
Apart from its contribution to the literature, this study provides a robust statistical approach for assessing health workers’ EI and validating EI scales. By comparing two models of EI in the validation process, this paper suggests that the researcher’s choice of a measurement scale can influence his/her results.
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74
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Bacon AM, Lenton-Maughan L, May J. Trait emotional intelligence and social deviance in males and females. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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75
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Bochkova V, Meshkova N. Emotional intelligence and social interaction: foreign studies. СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНАЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЯ 2018. [DOI: 10.17759/jmfp.2018070205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The article considers the current state of the problem of emotional intelligence as one of the key competencies with increasing relevance. Approaches of foreign authors to the structure and diagnostics of emotional intelligence are presented. Particular attention is paid to the influence exerted by emotional intelligence and its components on the types of social interaction. The results of studies of its connection with prosocial and deviant behavior are analyzed. The mediators of this connection are given. Directions are offered for further study of emotional intelligence in the context of its connection with aggression and manipulation in interaction with others. Attention is drawn to the gender characteristics of emotional intelligence in behavior. Attention is paid to the development of emotional intelligence. It is concluded that when the emotional intelligence of a subject develops, its personality traits should be taken into account in order to prevent its realization in deviant and delinquent behavior
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76
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Itzkovich Y, Dolev N. The Relationships between Emotional Intelligence and Perceptions of Faculty Incivility in Higher Education. Do Men and Women Differ? CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-016-9479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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77
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Łowicki P, Zajenkowski M. Divine Emotions: On the Link Between Emotional Intelligence and Religious Belief. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2017; 56:1998-2009. [PMID: 27913977 PMCID: PMC5653720 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-016-0335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
There have been only few attempts to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and religiosity. However, none of them included measures of ability EI. In two studies, we investigated the potential associations between various aspects of religious belief and ability and trait EI. In Study 1 (N = 240), we found that ability EI was positively associated with general level of religious belief. Study 2, conducted among Polish Christians (N = 159), replicated the previous result on the connection between ability EI and religion. Moreover, both trait and ability EI were negatively correlated with extrinsic religious orientation and negative religious coping. Additional analysis showed that extrinsic orientation mediated the relationship between ability EI and religiosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Łowicki
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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78
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Abstract
Emotion has a substantial influence on the cognitive processes in humans, including perception, attention, learning, memory, reasoning, and problem solving. Emotion has a particularly strong influence on attention, especially modulating the selectivity of attention as well as motivating action and behavior. This attentional and executive control is intimately linked to learning processes, as intrinsically limited attentional capacities are better focused on relevant information. Emotion also facilitates encoding and helps retrieval of information efficiently. However, the effects of emotion on learning and memory are not always univalent, as studies have reported that emotion either enhances or impairs learning and long-term memory (LTM) retention, depending on a range of factors. Recent neuroimaging findings have indicated that the amygdala and prefrontal cortex cooperate with the medial temporal lobe in an integrated manner that affords (i) the amygdala modulating memory consolidation; (ii) the prefrontal cortex mediating memory encoding and formation; and (iii) the hippocampus for successful learning and LTM retention. We also review the nested hierarchies of circular emotional control and cognitive regulation (bottom-up and top-down influences) within the brain to achieve optimal integration of emotional and cognitive processing. This review highlights a basic evolutionary approach to emotion to understand the effects of emotion on learning and memory and the functional roles played by various brain regions and their mutual interactions in relation to emotional processing. We also summarize the current state of knowledge on the impact of emotion on memory and map implications for educational settings. In addition to elucidating the memory-enhancing effects of emotion, neuroimaging findings extend our understanding of emotional influences on learning and memory processes; this knowledge may be useful for the design of effective educational curricula to provide a conducive learning environment for both traditional "live" learning in classrooms and "virtual" learning through online-based educational technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chai M Tyng
- Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PetronasSeri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Hafeez U Amin
- Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PetronasSeri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad N M Saad
- Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PetronasSeri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Aamir S Malik
- Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PetronasSeri Iskandar, Malaysia
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79
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Franco MDG, Beja MJ, Candeias A, Santos N. Emotion Understanding, Social Competence and School Achievement in Children from Primary School in Portugal. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1376. [PMID: 28861014 PMCID: PMC5559500 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes the relationship between emotion understanding and school achievement in children of primary school, considering age, gender, fluid intelligence, mother’s educational level and social competence. In this study participated 406 children of primary school. The instruments used were the Test of Emotion Comprehension, Colored Progressive Matrices of Raven, Socially Action and Interpersonal Problem Solving Scale. The structural equation model showed the relationship between the emotion understanding and school performance depends on a mediator variable that in the context of the study was designated social competence. Age appear as an explanatory factor of the differences found, the mother’s educational level only predicts significantly social emotional competence, fluid intelligence is a predictor of emotion understanding, school achievement and social emotional competence. Regarding the influence of sex, emotional understanding does not emerge as a significant predictor of social emotional competence in girls or boys. Multiple relationships between the various factors associated with school achievement and social emotional competence are discussed as well as their implications in promoting child development and school success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria da Glória Franco
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of MadeiraFunchal, Portugal
| | - Maria J Beja
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of MadeiraFunchal, Portugal
| | - Adelinda Candeias
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of ÉvoraÉvora, Portugal
| | - Natalie Santos
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of MadeiraFunchal, Portugal
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80
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Peter M, Arntz AR, Klimstra T, Vingerhoets AJJM. Different aspects of emotional intelligence of borderline personality disorder. Clin Psychol Psychother 2017; 25:e51-e59. [PMID: 28857328 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study investigated deficiencies in different components of emotional intelligence in borderline personality disorder (BPD). METHOD The Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) and the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i) were used to assess EI dimensions. BPD patients (N = 85; 69 women; M = 33.6 years) were compared with Cluster C personality disorder (PD) patients (N = 39; 23 women; M = 36.6 years) and nonpatients (N = 69; 44 women; M = 35.6 years). RESULTS Compared to the Cluster C PD patients and the nonpatient group, BPD patients displayed only deficits in their ability to understand emotions as measured with the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test. The Emotional Quotient Inventory only revealed deficits in stress management in BPD patients compared to Cluster C PD patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that BPD patients have the ability to regulate emotions effectively, but they subjectively experience deficits in emotion regulation and therefore may not use this ability when they need it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathell Peter
- Department of Personality Disorders, GGz Breburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Arnoud R Arntz
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Klimstra
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
| | - Ad J J M Vingerhoets
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
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81
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Pardeller S, Frajo-Apor B, Kemmler G, Hofer A. Emotional Intelligence and cognitive abilities - associations and sex differences. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2017; 22:1001-1010. [PMID: 27852112 PMCID: PMC5744855 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2016.1255766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In order to expand on previous research, this cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between Emotional Intelligence (EI) and cognitive abilities in healthy adults with a special focus on potential sex differences. EI was assessed by means of the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso-Emotional-Intelligence Test (MSCEIT), whereas cognitive abilities were investigated using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), which measures key aspects of cognitive functioning, i.e. verbal memory, working memory, motor speed, verbal fluency, attention and processing speed, and reasoning and problem solving. 137 subjects (65% female) with a mean age of 38.7 ± 11.8 years were included into the study. While males and females were comparable with regard to EI, men achieved significantly higher BACS composite scores and outperformed women in the BACS subscales motor speed, attention and processing speed, and reasoning and problem solving. Verbal fluency significantly predicted EI, whereas the MSCEIT subscale understanding emotions significantly predicted the BACS composite score. Our findings support previous research and emphasize the relevance of considering cognitive abilities when assessing ability EI in healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pardeller
- a Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , Medical University Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Beatrice Frajo-Apor
- a Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , Medical University Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Georg Kemmler
- a Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , Medical University Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Alex Hofer
- a Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , Medical University Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
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82
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Tyng CM, Amin HU, Saad MNM, Malik AS. The Influences of Emotion on Learning and Memory. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1454. [PMID: 28883804 PMCID: PMC5573739 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotion has a substantial influence on the cognitive processes in humans, including perception, attention, learning, memory, reasoning, and problem solving. Emotion has a particularly strong influence on attention, especially modulating the selectivity of attention as well as motivating action and behavior. This attentional and executive control is intimately linked to learning processes, as intrinsically limited attentional capacities are better focused on relevant information. Emotion also facilitates encoding and helps retrieval of information efficiently. However, the effects of emotion on learning and memory are not always univalent, as studies have reported that emotion either enhances or impairs learning and long-term memory (LTM) retention, depending on a range of factors. Recent neuroimaging findings have indicated that the amygdala and prefrontal cortex cooperate with the medial temporal lobe in an integrated manner that affords (i) the amygdala modulating memory consolidation; (ii) the prefrontal cortex mediating memory encoding and formation; and (iii) the hippocampus for successful learning and LTM retention. We also review the nested hierarchies of circular emotional control and cognitive regulation (bottom-up and top-down influences) within the brain to achieve optimal integration of emotional and cognitive processing. This review highlights a basic evolutionary approach to emotion to understand the effects of emotion on learning and memory and the functional roles played by various brain regions and their mutual interactions in relation to emotional processing. We also summarize the current state of knowledge on the impact of emotion on memory and map implications for educational settings. In addition to elucidating the memory-enhancing effects of emotion, neuroimaging findings extend our understanding of emotional influences on learning and memory processes; this knowledge may be useful for the design of effective educational curricula to provide a conducive learning environment for both traditional "live" learning in classrooms and "virtual" learning through online-based educational technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aamir S. Malik
- Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PetronasSeri Iskandar, Malaysia
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83
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Emotional Intelligence Training for Reducing Illicit Drug Use Potential among Iranian Nurses: A Pilot Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/ijpbs.6676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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84
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Mood Regulation, Alexithymia, and Personality Disorders in Adolescent Male Addicts. ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/adt.0000000000000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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85
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Sharma D, Gulati R, Misra I. Emotional Intelligence: Influencing Smoking Behavior in Young Adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/2278682117697414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines the influence of emotional intelligence on smoking behavior (SB) patterns among 219 young adults belonging to the age group of 19–27 years pursuing management studies in India. The study is conducted with an aim to understand the relevance and importance of emotions in human behavior. The primary data collected are analyzed by binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses. The study suggests that emotional intelligence has a significant impact on SB considering sex and age as moderators. It has been observed among the sample that males have higher tendency to smoke than females, and that age has no impact on the SB pattern. For the study, the reference category taken is non-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Sharma
- Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rachita Gulati
- Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
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86
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The nexus between health workers’ emotional intelligence and job performance. JOURNAL OF GLOBAL RESPONSIBILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/jgr-08-2016-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to examine the effect of health workers’ emotional intelligence (EI) on job performance (JP), with potential confounding variables controlled for. The confounding variables introduced are gender, education, tenure and level of access to in-service training.
Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional quantitative research design was used in this study. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data from 1,163 health professionals, who were selected using the simple random sampling method. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test a framework of hypotheses.
Findings
The resulting CFA model is of a good fit at 5 per cent significance level [chi-square (χ2) = 1.492; p = 0.222]. Moreover, the study finds that EI significantly predicts JP among health workers after controlling for the lurking variables.
Originality/value
Though several studies have confirmed that EI makes a significant positive effect on health workers’ JP, none of them controlled for potential confounding variables. For this reason, the effect detected in previous studies could include the influence of lurking variables and is consequently spurious. Apart from contributing to extant literature, this study controls for these lurking variables in an attempt to enhance the value of empirical evidence that supports the relevance of EI to health-care performance.
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87
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Afolabi OA. Indigenous Emotional Intelligence Scale: Development and validation. PSYCHOLOGICAL THOUGHT 2017. [DOI: 10.5964/psyct.v10i1.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In Nigeria, it seems there is sparse of indigenous measure of emotional intelligence. Therefore, this research fills a gap in literature by developing a valid and reliable indigenous scale. To achieve this, the author combined the Bar-On and Goleman’s models of emotional intelligence. In Study 1, 255 items were generated and were reduced to 198 based on expert advice. At the end of several analyses, 52 items were retained. These items were put in a questionnaire form and administered to 850 students in a university. The author determined the factorial validity of the scale using a sample of 834 participants who returned the scale. The scale (using varimax rotation method) was then subjected to principal component analysis and 40 items were retained in a 7 well defined factor structure. The factors/dimensions include interpersonal skill (r = .77), empathetic response (r = .73), stress tolerance (r = .69), optimism (r = .75), assertiveness (r = .78), problem solving (r = .74) and flexibility (r = .80). The scale has convergent validity because of its positive relationship with empathy (r = .67) and social intelligence (r = .79) and negative relationships with aggression (r = -.41) and impulsiveness (r = -.32). A test re-test reliability of .79 was also established for the scale.
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88
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Compétences psychosociales et bien-être scolaire chez l’enfant : une validation française pilote. ENFANCE 2017. [DOI: 10.4074/s0013754517001045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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89
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Torres-Martínez PA, Barrios Penna CA, Fonseca Molina JF, Diaz-Narváez VP, González-Cruz SA. Levels of empathy in dental students at Universidad San Sebastián in Concepción, Chile (Chile). REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2017. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v65n2.61444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducción. La formación de los futuros odontólogos debe estar en sintonía con el desarrollo empático del alumno, por tanto, es necesario realizar un diagnóstico del comportamiento de la empatía.Objetivo. Medir los niveles de empatía en los estudiantes de Odontología de la Universidad San Sebastián, sede Concepción, Chile, según género y año académico.Materiales y métodos. Se aplicó la Escala de Empatía Médica de Jefferson (EEMJ) para estudiantes de medicina (versión en español), adaptada y validada para estudiantes de odontología en 2016. La muestra estuvo constituida por 462 estudiantes de primero a quinto año. Los datos fueron comparados mediante un análisis de varianza trifactorial (modelo III).Resultados. En el factor “años académicos” se observó que las medias en el segundo año son menores que en el primero, pero a partir de tercer año aumentan los niveles de empatía manteniéndose constantes en los restantes años académicos. En el factor “género”, el femenino tuvo valores medios de empatía superiores al masculino.Conclusión. Los factores estudiados (año académico y género) poco explican la variación existente en la empatía de los estudiantes analizados. Es probable que existan otros factores que influyen sobre los niveles de empatía y que permitirían explicar mejor el comportamiento de los valores estimados.
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90
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Bou Khalil R, Chaar A, Bou-Orm I, Aoun-Bacha Z, Richa S. The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Nicotine Dependence in Lebanese Adults. J Psychoactive Drugs 2017; 49:252-257. [PMID: 28266897 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2017.1292435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Emotional intelligence (EI) is known to be a risk factor for several types of addiction. The purpose of this study was to investigate, in a cross-sectional design, the presence of a relationship between the level of EI and nicotine dependence in a sample of Lebanese adults. A self-administered questionnaire was used to determine the sociodemographic characteristics, the level of nicotine dependence, and the level of EI in a sample of 142 Lebanese participants from the community. The sample was 51.4% women, with a mean age of 33.9 years. There was no difference in EI level between smokers and non-smokers (p = 0.66), and there were no associations between EI level and the level of nicotine dependence (p = 0.59). However, EI was positively correlated with age (p = 0.023). Due to the fact that smokers have been dependent on nicotine for many years and that EI is known to increase with age, findings suggest that low EI may be a risk factor for initiation, rather than maintenance, of nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bou Khalil
- a Attending and Lecturer , Hotel Dieu de France Hospital and Saint Joseph University , Beirut , Lebanon
| | - A Chaar
- b Resident, Department of Internal Medicine , Hotel Dieu de France Hospital and Saint Joseph University , Beirut , Lebanon
| | - I Bou-Orm
- c Coordinator, Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) Department , Ministry of Public Health , Beirut , Lebanon
| | - Z Aoun-Bacha
- d Attending and Assistant Professor, Department of Pulmonology and Tobaccology , Hotel Dieu de France Hospital and Saint Joseph University , Beirut , Lebanon
| | - S Richa
- e Associate Professor, Head of Department of Psychiatry , Hotel Dieu de France Hospital and Saint Joseph University , Beirut , Lebanon
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91
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Abstract
It has long been speculated that cues on the human face exist that allow observers to make reliable judgments of others' personality traits. However, direct evidence of association between facial shapes and personality is missing from the current literature. This study assessed the personality attributes of 834 Han Chinese volunteers (405 males and 429 females), utilising the five-factor personality model ('Big Five'), and collected their neutral 3D facial images. Dense anatomical correspondence was established across the 3D facial images in order to allow high-dimensional quantitative analyses of the facial phenotypes. In this paper, we developed a Partial Least Squares (PLS) -based method. We used composite partial least squares component (CPSLC) to test association between the self-tested personality scores and the dense 3D facial image data, then used principal component analysis (PCA) for further validation. Among the five personality factors, agreeableness and conscientiousness in males and extraversion in females were significantly associated with specific facial patterns. The personality-related facial patterns were extracted and their effects were extrapolated on simulated 3D facial models.
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92
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Ingram A, Peake WO, Stewart W, Watson W. Emotional Intelligence and Venture Performance. JOURNAL OF SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jsbm.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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93
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Tuncdogan A, Acar OA, Stam D. Individual differences as antecedents of leader behavior: Towards an understanding of multi-level outcomes. LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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94
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Curci A, Soleti E, Manuti A. Preliminary Data on the Role of Emotional Intelligence in Mediating the Relationship Between Psychopathic Characteristics and Detention Terms of Property Offenders. J Forensic Sci 2017; 62:1357-1359. [PMID: 28120402 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present preliminary data on the role of emotional intelligence (EI) in mediating the relationship between psychopathy and detention term of authors of property crimes. We assumed that the detention term is an approximation of the severity of criminal behavior. A sample of 24 property offenders were individually administered a brief anamnestic interview, the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R), and the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT). Information concerning the detention term was obtained from prison records. A mediation model was applied to the data showing that offenders high in psychopathic traits (i.e., total PPI-R score and Self-centered dimension of PPI-R) have a low level of ability EI and this is in turn negatively associated with the duration of their prison sentence. Results encourage the investigation of ability EI as a protective factor against the antisocial outcomes of psychopathic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Curci
- Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Crisanzio, 42, 70121, Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Soleti
- Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Crisanzio, 42, 70121, Bari, Italy
| | - Amelia Manuti
- Department of Education, Psychology, Communication, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", via Crisanzio, 42, 70121, Bari, Italy
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95
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Anderson LB, Paul LK, Brown WS. Emotional Intelligence in Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2017; 32:267-279. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acx001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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96
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Gomez-Baya D, Mendoza R, Paino S, de Matos MG. Perceived emotional intelligence as a predictor of depressive symptoms during mid-adolescence: A two-year longitudinal study on gender differences. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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97
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Beauchamp MR, McEwan D. Response Processes and Measurement Validity in Health Psychology. UNDERSTANDING AND INVESTIGATING RESPONSE PROCESSES IN VALIDATION RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56129-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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98
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Antinienė D, Lekavičienė R. Psychological and physical well-being of Lithuanian youth: Relation to emotional intelligence. Medicina (B Aires) 2017; 53:277-284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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99
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A lack of emotional skills may affect a nurse's personal well-being and have negative effects on patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE To compare psychiatric-mental health nurses' (PMHN) scores on the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) to a normed population and compare the emotional intelligence (EI) scores of PMHNs using two tools, MSCEIT and Self-Rated Emotional Intelligence Scale (SREIS). DESIGN Comparative descriptive and correlational study. RESULTS PMHNs in the study had a higher mean EI compared with that of 5,000 participants in the normed MSCEIT sample. Significant weak correlations were seen between the perceiving and understanding emotion branches of the MSCEIT and SREIS. CONCLUSION The current study added data about a sample of PMHN's EI levels in the United States, which may encourage dialog about EI among PMHNs. Future research is needed to examine the relationship between self-report EI tools (e.g., SREIS) and performance tools (e.g., MSCEIT) to determine if they are measuring the same construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traci T Sims
- 1 Traci T. Sims, DNS, RN, CNS/PMH-BC, WellStar College of Health and Human Services, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw State University, GA, USA
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Coccaro EF, Zagaja C, Chen P, Jacobson K. Relationships between perceived emotional intelligence, aggression, and impulsivity in a population-based adult sample. Psychiatry Res 2016; 246:255-260. [PMID: 27728868 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A diminished capacity to reason about one's own or others' mood states (part of emotional intelligence, EI) may impair one's ability to respond to threat or frustration, leading to aggression and/or impulsivity. In this study, 1544 adult subjects completed the Trait-Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS), an assessment of perceived EI, in order to examine how attention to emotions, clarity of emotions, and repair of emotions were associated with aggression and impulsivity. Correlations among the TMMS subscales of Attention, Clarity, and Repair were all significant. Clarity moderated the relationship between Attention and Repair such that Attention correlated with Repair only at higher levels of Clarity. Aggression and Impulsivity were both associated with all three dimensions of perceived EI; however, Repair was associated more strongly with Aggression than Impulsivity, whereas the reverse was true for Clarity. Finally, a subsample of participants self-identified as having "anger problems" had lower TMMS scores for Clarity and Repair compared to "non-anger problem" participants. Adding aggression and impulsivity to the model eliminated these group differences. Results suggest that Clarity and Repair may be the most important aspect of perceived EI. Interventions that increase these components, along with effective mood regulation techniques, may potentially ameliorate impulsive aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil F Coccaro
- Clinical Neuroscience and Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, United States.
| | - Ciara Zagaja
- Clinical Neuroscience and Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, United States
| | - Pan Chen
- Clinical Neuroscience and Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, United States
| | - Kristen Jacobson
- Clinical Neuroscience and Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, United States
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