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Cervantes-Reyes A, Smith AC, Chinigo GM, Blakemore DC, Szostak M. Decarbonylative Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling for the Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Heterobiaryls. Org Lett 2022; 24:1678-1683. [PMID: 35200025 PMCID: PMC9069322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heteroaromatic biaryls are core scaffolds found in a plethora of pharmaceuticals; however, their direct synthesis by the Suzuki cross-coupling is limited to heteroaromatic halide starting materials. Here, we report a direct synthesis of diverse nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic biaryls by Pd-catalyzed decarbonylative Suzuki cross-coupling of widely available heterocyclic carboxylic acids with arylboronic acids. The practical and modular nature of this cross-coupling enabled the straightforward preparation of >45 heterobiaryl products using pyridines, pyrimidines, pyrazines, and quinolines in excellent yields. We anticipate that the modular nature of this protocol will find broad application in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cervantes-Reyes
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Aaron C. Smith
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gary M. Chinigo
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | | | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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Hou T, Zeng J, Xu H, Su S, Ye J, Li Y. Performance of different methods for detecting T790M mutation in the plasma of patients with advanced NSCLC after developing resistance to first‑generation EGFR‑TKIs in a real‑world clinical setting. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:88. [PMID: 35251639 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Hou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jiahao Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Hanyan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Su
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Junru Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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Ma JW, Li M. Molecular typing of lung adenocarcinoma with computed tomography and CT image-based radiomics: a narrative review of research progress and prospects. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:4217-4231. [PMID: 35116717 PMCID: PMC8797562 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this paper was to perform a narrative review of current research evidence on conventional computed tomography (CT) imaging features and CT image-based radiomic features for predicting gene mutations in lung adenocarcinoma and discuss how to translate the research findings to guide future practice. Background Lung cancer, especially lung adenocarcinoma, is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. With advances in the diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma with the emergence of molecular testing, the prediction of oncogenes and even drug resistance gene mutations have become key to individualized and precise clinical treatment in order to prolong survival and improve quality of life. The progress of imageological examination includes the development of CT and radiomics are promising quantitative methods for predicting different gene mutations in lung adenocarcinoma, especially common mutations, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutation and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) mutation. Methods The PubMed electronic database was searched along with a set of terms specific to lung adenocarcinoma, radiomics (including texture analysis), CT, computed tomography, EGFR, ALK, KRAS, rearranging transfection (RET) rearrangement and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS-1), v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) mutations et al. This review has been reported in compliance with the Narrative Review checklist guidelines. From each full-text article, information was extracted regarding a set of terms above. Conclusions Research on the application of conventional CT features and CT image-based radiomic features for predicting the gene mutation status of lung adenocarcinoma is still in a preliminary stage. Noninvasively determination of mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma before targeted therapy with conventional CT features and CT image-based radiomic features remains both hopes and challenges. Before radiomics could be applied in clinical practice, more work needs to be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Ma
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Deng P, Sun G, Zhao J, Yao K, Yuan M, Peng L, Mao L. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Erlotinib Derivatives Linked With 1,2,3-Triazole. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:793905. [PMID: 35111061 PMCID: PMC8802806 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.793905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most important cause of cancer-related death and presents a major public health problem in many countries. To search for more novel antitumor agents against cervical cancer, 14 erlotinib-linked 1,2,3-triazole compounds were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anti-tumor activity. The compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectra (HR MS). Antitumor activity assay results indicated that six of those compounds have remarkable inhibitory activity against human cervical cancer HeLa cells in vitro, among which compound 4m was the most potent with IC50 of 3.79 μM, and compounds 4k, 4i, 4l, 4d, and 4n also demonstrated remarkable antitumor activity with IC50 of 3.79, 4.16, 4.36, 7.02, and 8.21 μM. We found three of the most potent compounds 4d, 4k, and 4l induced potent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells, and compounds 4d and 4l significantly restrained the cell colony formation and showed moderate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitory activity with IC50 of 13.01 and 1.76 μM. Therefore, these experiments indicate that these erlotinib-linked 1,2,3-triazole compounds are potential to act as effective anticancer agents against cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ge Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Kaitai Yao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Yuan
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lizeng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Longfei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
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Zhang J, Pan Y, Shi Q, Zhang G, Jiang L, Dong X, Gu K, Wang H, Zhang X, Yang N, Li Y, Xiong J, Yi T, Peng M, Song Y, Fan Y, Cui J, Chen G, Tan W, Zang A, Guo Q, Zhao G, Wang Z, He J, Yao W, Wu X, Chen K, Hu X, Hu C, Yue L, Jiang D, Wang G, Liu J, Yu G, Li J, Bai J, Xie W, Zhao W, Wu L, Zhou C. Paclitaxel liposome for injection (Lipusu) plus cisplatin versus gemcitabine plus cisplatin in the first-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic lung squamous cell carcinoma: A multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel controlled clinical study. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:3-16. [PMID: 34699693 PMCID: PMC8753311 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipusu is the first commercialized liposomal formulation of paclitaxel and has demonstrated promising efficacy against locally advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in a small-scale study. Here, we conducted a multicenter, randomized, phase 3 study to compare the efficacy and safety of cisplatin plus Lipusu (LP) versus cisplatin plus gemcitabine (GP) as first-line treatment in locally advanced or metastatic LSCC. METHODS Patients enrolled were aged between 18 to 75 years, had locally advanced (clinical stage IIIB, ineligible for concurrent chemoradiation or surgery) or metastatic (Stage IV) LSCC, had no previous systemic chemotherapy and at least one measurable lesion as per the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (version 1.1) before administration of the trial drug. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and safety profiles. To explore the possible predictive value of plasma cytokines for LP treatment, plasma samples were collected from the LP group at baseline and first efficacy evaluation time and were then subjected to analysis by 45-Plex ProcartaPlex Panel 1 to detect the presence of 45 cytokines using the Luminex xMAP technology. The correlation between treatment outcomes and dynamic changes in the levels of cytokines were evaluated in preliminary analyses. RESULTS The median duration of follow-up was 15.4 months. 237 patients in the LP group and 253 patients in the GP group were included in the per protocol set (PPS). In the PPS, the median PFS was 5.2 months versus 5.5 months in the LP and GP group (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, P = 0.742) respectively. The median OS was 14.6 months versus 12.5 months in the LP and GP group (HR: 0.83, P = 0.215). The ORR (41.8% versus 45.9%, P = 0.412) and DCR (90.3% versus 88.1%, P = 0.443) were also similar between the LP and GP group. A significantly lower proportion of patients in the LP group experienced adverse events (AEs) leading to treatment interruptions (10.9% versus 26.4%, P < 0.001) or treatment termination (14.3% versus 23.1%, P = 0.011). The analysis of cytokine levels in the LP group showed that low baseline levels of 27 cytokines were associated with an increased ORR, and 15 cytokines were associated with improved PFS, with 14 cytokines, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-8, demonstrating an overlapping trend. CONCLUSION The LP regimen demonstrated similar PFS, OS, ORR and DCR as the GP regimen for patients with locally advanced or metastatic LSCC but had more favorable toxicity profiles. The study also identified a spectrum of different cytokines that could be potentially associated with the clinical benefit in patients who received the LP regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yueyin Pan
- Department of Chemotherapy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P. R. China
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Oncology, Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350008, P. R. China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Liyan Jiang
- Department of Respiration, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorong Dong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Kangsheng Gu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, P. R. China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Respiration, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, P. R. China
| | - Nong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Shangcai village, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Tienan Yi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang Yang Central Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, 441021, P. R. China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiration, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210002, P. R. China
| | - Yun Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, P. R. China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, the First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Gongyan Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, P. R. China
| | - Aimin Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071030, P. R. China
| | - Qisen Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
| | - Guangqiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, P. R. China
| | - Ziping Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiu Yao
- Department of Chemotherapy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Fourth People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214062, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Lu Yue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Da Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the 4th Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050010, P. R. China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the 4th Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050010, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, P. R. China
| | - Junling Li
- Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Jianling Bai
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Wenmin Xie
- Nanjing Luye Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210061, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Zhao
- Nanjing Luye Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210061, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Genecast Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214104, P. R. China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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Fang G, Liu W, Shang Y, Huo R, Shi X, Wang Y, Li J. Characterization of non-small cell lung cancer transforming to small cell lung cancer and its response to EGFR-TKI: a case report. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:115. [PMID: 35282065 PMCID: PMC8848416 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-6991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have demonstrated significant survival benefits for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with sensitive EGFR mutations. However, patients with EGFR-TKI treatment often develop acquired resistance subsequently. Transformation from NSCLC to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a rare EGFR-TKI resistance mechanism for patients with sensitive EGFR mutations. Herein, we report a NSCLC patient with EGFR exon 19 deletion treated with EGFR-TKI. During treatment, the pathological type of tumor showed transformation from NSCLC to combined SCLC and then to pure SCLC after acquiring EGFR-TKI resistance. Genomic analysis revealed that the EGFR exon 19 deletion, TP53 Y220H mutation, and retinoblastomal transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1) F755V mutation existed persistently. Immunohistochemical results showed the loss of EGFR and RB1 expression in SCLC. The patient received multi-line chemotherapy with platinum agents and experienced a briefly effective window, but died of aggressive tumor progression. We profiled the transformation from NSCLC to SCLC of this case and pointed out the importance of repeat biopsy in response to EGFR-TKI resistance. Our results showed a novel RB1 F755V mutation which may be associated with RB1 loss. This report summarized the clinical characteristics, mechanisms, and predictors of SCLC transformation, and discussed the treatment after transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guotao Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanhong Shang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Baoding, China
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | | | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Medical Office, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Zhang YH, Zeng J, Liu XS, Gao Y, Kui XY, Liu XY, Zhang Y, Pei ZJ. ECE2 is a prognostic biomarker associated with m6A modification and involved in immune infiltration of lung adenocarcinoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1013238. [PMID: 36299451 PMCID: PMC9588963 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1013238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The targeted therapy for lung cancer relies on prognostic genes and requires further research. No research has been conducted to determine the effect of endothelin-converting enzyme 2 (ECE2) in lung cancer. METHODS We analyzed the expression of ECE2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and normal adjacent tissues and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO). Immunohistochemical staining was used to further validate the findings. GO/KEGG enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of ECE2 co-expression were performed using R software. Data from TIMER, the GEPIA database, and TCGA were analyzed to determine the relationship between ECE2 expression and LUAD immune infiltration. To investigate the relationship between ECE2 expression levels and LUAD m6A modification, TCGA data and GEO data were analyzed. RESULTS ECE2 is highly expressed in various cancers including LUAD. ECE2 showed high accuracy in distinguishing tumor and normal sample results. The expression level of ECE2 in LUAD was significantly correlated with tumor stage and prognosis. GO/KEGG enrichment analysis showed that ECE2 was closely related to mitochondrial gene expression, ATPase activity and cell cycle. GSEA analysis showed that ECE2-related differential gene enrichment pathways were related to mitotic cell cycle, MYC pathway, PLK1 pathway, DNA methylation pathway, HIF1A pathway and Oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence. Analysis of the TIMER, GEPIA database, and TCGA datasets showed that ECE2 expression levels were significantly negatively correlated with B cells, CD4+ cells, M2 macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. TCGA and GEO datasets showed that ECE2 was significantly associated with m6A modification-related genes HNRNPC, IGF2BP1, IGF2BP3 and RBM1. CONCLUSION ECE2 is associated with m6A modification and immune infiltration and is a prognostic biomarker in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Hua Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Infection Control, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xue-Yan Kui
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Pei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Jun Pei,
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Zhang Q, Liu H, Yang J. Aumolertinib Effectively Reduces Clinical Symptoms of an EGFR L858R-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Case Coupled With Osimertinib-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Case Report and Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:833929. [PMID: 35677717 PMCID: PMC9170288 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.833929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osimertinib, a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) first-line therapy, has shown good clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but some serious adverse events such as cardiotoxicity have also been reported. Here, we present the first NSCLC case with osimertinib-induced cardiac failure. The case is successfully being treated by switching to another third-generation TKI, aumolertinib. A 62-year-old non-smoking woman was initially diagnosed with stage cT2aN2M1c IVB NSCLC with synchronous brain and bone metastasis in April 2020. Further genetic screening of the patient identified Leu858Arg (L858R) mutation in EGFR; thus, the patient was administered third-generation TKI osimertinib (80 mg/day) for 6 months. This treatment with osimertinib led to serious cardiac failure but no significant reduction in NSCLC tumor size. To cope with these conditions, another third-generation TKI, aumolertinib (110 mg/day), along with a supplement treatment plan was prescribed to the patient. Interestingly, this new treatment plan of aumolertinib significantly inhibited tumor growth in 8 months. Therefore, we conclude that the administration of second-line aumolertinib 110 mg/day has fewer adverse reactions and high efficacy against NSCLC as compared to osimertinib therapy.
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Luo YH, Yang YP, Chien CS, Yarmishyn AA, Adekunle Ishola A, Chien Y, Chen YM, Tsai PH, Lin TW, Wang ML, Chiou SH. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0000190 Facilitates the Tumorigenesis and Immune Evasion by Upregulating the Expression of Soluble PD-L1 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010064. [PMID: 35008490 PMCID: PMC8744551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in Taiwan and throughout the world. Immunotherapy has revealed promising and significant efficacy in NSCLC, through immune checkpoint inhibition by blocking programmed cell death protein (PD)-1/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) signaling pathway to restore patients’ T-cell immunity. One novel type of long, non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), are endogenous, stable, and widely expressed in tissues, saliva, blood, urine, and exosomes. Our previous results revealed that the plasma level of hsa_circ_0000190 can be monitored by liquid-biopsy-based droplet digital PCR and may serve as a valuable blood-based biomarker to monitor the disease progression and the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this study, hsa_circ_0000190 was shown to increase the PD-L1 mRNA-mediated soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) expression, consequently interfering with the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 antibody and T-cell activation, which may result in immunotherapy resistance and poor outcome. Our results unraveled that hsa_circ_0000190 facilitated the tumorigenesis and immune evasion of NSCLC by upregulating sPD-L1 expression, potentially developing a different aspect in elucidating the molecular immunopathogenesis of NSCLC. Hsa_circ_0000190 upregulation can be an effective indicator for the progression of NSCLC, and hsa_circ_0000190 downregulation may possess a potential therapeutic value for the treatment of NSCLC in combination with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hung Luo
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Shiu Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Aliaksandr A. Yarmishyn
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Afeez Adekunle Ishola
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsing Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Tzu-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Mong-Lien Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2875-7394
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Huo D, Wang S, Kong Y, Qin Z, Yan A. Discovery of Novel Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Inhibitors Using Computational Approaches. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 62:5149-5164. [PMID: 34931847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway plays an important role in cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and other physiological processes, which makes the EGFR a promising target for anticancer therapies. The discovery of novel EGFR inhibitors may provide a solution to the problem of drug resistance. In this work, we performed a ligand-based virtual screening (LBVS) protocol for finding novel EGFR inhibitors from a 5.3 million compound library. First, the 3D shape-based similarity was used to obtain structurally novel EGFR inhibitors. In this study, we tried three queries; two were crystal structures and one was generated from deep generative models of graphs (DGMG). Next, we have built four structure-activity relationship (SAR) models and three quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models based on an SVM method for further screening of highly active EGFR inhibitors. Experimental validations led to the identification of nine hits out of 18 tested compounds. Among them, hit 1, hit 5, and hit 6 had IC50 values around 80 nM against EGFR whose interactions with EGFR were further investigated by molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yue Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zijian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Aixia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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61
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Cheng Y, Wang C, Wang Y, Dai L. Soluble PD-L1 as a predictive biomarker in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Future Oncol 2021; 18:261-273. [PMID: 34874185 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) and survival outcomes and treatment response in lung cancer. Methods & methods: Eligible studies were obtained by searching PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. Pooled effect estimates were calculated for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR). Results: Twelve eligible studies with 1188 lung cancer patients were included. High sPD-L1 was significantly associated with worse OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.59-3.05; p < 0.001) and PFS (HR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.72-3.42; p < 0.001) in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Meanwhile, high sPD-L1 predicted worse OS (HR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.31-1.96; p < 0.001) and lower ORR (odds ratio = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.35-0.80; p = 0.002) in patients treated with non-ICI therapies. Conclusion: sPD-L1 is a potential predictive biomarker of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cheng
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Minimally Invasive Treatment Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Li Dai
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China
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62
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Xiong K, Sun W, He Y, Fan L. Advances in molecular mechanisms of interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and lung cancer: a narrative review. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:4012-4026. [PMID: 34858788 PMCID: PMC8577982 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective We systematically review the molecular mechanism of the interaction between lung cancer (LC) and tuberculosis (TB), and put forward the existing problems in order to provide suggestions for early intervention and future research direction. Background TB and LC are two global public health problems affecting human health. LC is the main cause of cancer-related death worldwide and TB is one of the leading causes of death among infectious diseases, especially in resource-poor areas. Previous studies have suggested that a history of TB may be associated with an increased risk of LC. With the improvement of LC treatment, the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the course of LC treatment is also frequently reported recently. Methods The molecular immunological mechanisms of interaction between LC and TB, and related epidemiological literature are reviewed. The research progress and problems to be solved are summarized. Conclusions Chronic inflammation, immune abnormalities, scar formation, gene mutations and drug effects caused by TB may be associated with the occurrence of LC induced by abnormalities in various molecular pathways. LC and decreased immunity during treatment may also increase the risk of latent TB activation or new TB infection through immune pathways. Data on dual burden areas of TB and LC are still lacking, and more clinical studies are needed to elucidate the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlong Xiong
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease (Tuberculosis), Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Tuberculosis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwen Sun
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease (Tuberculosis), Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Tuberculosis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Tuberculosis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease (Tuberculosis), Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Tuberculosis, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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63
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Parvin S, Sedighian H, Sohrabi E, Mahboobi M, Rezaei M, Ghasemi D, Rezaei E. Prediction of Genes Involved in Lung Cancer with a Systems Biology Approach Based on Comprehensive Gene Information. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:1253-1273. [PMID: 34855070 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, hundreds of genes have been reported in relation to lung cancer. Systems biology studies can help validate this association and find the most valid genes to use in the diagnosis and treatment. We reviewed the candidate genes for lung cancer in 120 published articles from September 1, 1993, to September 1, 2020. We obtained 134 up- and 36 downregulated genes for lung cancer in this article. The genes extracted from the articles were imported to Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting genes/proteins (STRING) to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) Network and pathway enrichment. GO ontology and Reactome databases were used for describing the genes, average length of survival, and constructing networks. Then, the ClusterONE plugin of Cytoscape software was used to analyze and cluster networks. Hubs and bottleneck nodes were defined based on their degree and betweenness. Common genes between the ClusterONE plugin and network analysis consisted of seven genes (BRCA1-TP53-CASP3-PLK1-VEGFA-MDM2-CCNB1 and PLK1), and two genes (PLK1 and TYMS) were selected as survival factors. Our drug-gene network showed that CASP3, BRCA1, TP53, VEGFA, and MDM2 are common genes that are involved in this network. Also, among the drugs recognized in the drug-gene network, five drugs such as paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, carboplatin, irinotecan, and cisplatin were examined in different studies. It seems that these seven genes, with further studies and confirmatory tests, could be potential markers for lung cancer, especially PLK1 that has a significant effect on the survival of patients. We provide the novel genes into the pathogenesis of lung cancer, and we introduced new potential biomarkers for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Parvin
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Systems Biomedicine Unit, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Sedighian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sohrabi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, P.O. Box 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mahboobi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Rezaei
- Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, Brujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Brujerd, Iran
| | - Dariush Ghasemi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, P.O. Box 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Rezaei
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, P.O. Box 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran.
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Dai C, Liu B, Li S, Hong Y, Si J, Xiong Y, Wu N, Ma Y. Construction of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulated Pathway Involved in EGFR-TKI Lung Adenocarcinoma Resistance. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211056809. [PMID: 34825849 PMCID: PMC8647233 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211056809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase
inhibitors are widely used for lung epidermal growth factor receptor-positive
lung adenocarcinomas, but acquired resistance is inevitable. Although non-coding
RNAs, such as circular RNA and microRNA, are known to play vital roles in
epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance,
comprehensive analysis is lacking. Thus, this study aimed to explore the
circular RNA-microRNA-messenger RNA regulatory network involved in epidermal
growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance.
Methods: To identify differentially expressed genes between the
epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor sensitive cell line
PC9 and resistant cell line PC9/ epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine
kinase inhibitor resistance(PC9/ER), circular RNA, microRNA and messenger RNA
microarrays were performed. Candidates were then identified to construct a
circular RNA-microRNA-messenger RNA network using bioinformatics. Additionally,
Gene Oncology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were
conducted to evaluate the network messenger RNA, setting up a protein-protein
interaction network for hub-gene identification. Afterwards, RNA
immunoprecipitation was performed to enrich microRNA, and quantitative real-time
PCR was used to estimated gene expression levels. Results: In
total, 603, 377, and 1863 differentially expressed circular RNA, microRNA,
messenger RNAs, respectively, were identified using microarray analysis,
constructing a circular RNA-microRNA-messenger RNA network containing 18
circular RNAs, 17 microRNAs and 175 messenger RNAs. Moreover, Gene Oncology and
Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses showed that the most
enriched biological process terms and pathways were related to epidermal growth
factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, including Wnt and Hippo
signaling pathways. Based on the competing endogenous RNA and protein-protein
interaction network, circ-0007312 was showed to interact with miR-764 and both
circ-0003748 and circ-0001398 were shown to interact with miR-628; both these
microRNAs targeted MAPK1. Furthermore, circ-0007312, circ-0003748, circ-0001398,
and MAPK1 were up-regulated, whereas miR-764 and miR-628 were downregulated in
PC9/ER cells as compared to parental PC9 cells. We also found that circ-0007312
and miR-764 were positively expressed in plasma. Conclusions: Our
original study associated with mechanism of target therapy in lung cancer
provided a systematic and comprehensive regulation of circular RNA, microRNA and
messenger RNA in epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor
resistance. It was found that circ-0007312- miR-764-MAPK1,
circ-0003748-miR-628-MAPK1, and circ-0001398-miR-628-MAPK1 axis may play key
roles in epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor
resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaolei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Si
- Department of Anesthesiology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), 12519Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Continuous Flow Synthesis of Anticancer Drugs. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226992. [PMID: 34834084 PMCID: PMC8625794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous flow chemistry is by now an established and valued synthesis technology regularly exploited in academic and industrial laboratories to bring about the improved preparation of a variety of molecular structures. Benefits such as better heat and mass transfer, improved process control and safety, a small equipment footprint, as well as the ability to integrate in-line analysis and purification tools into telescoped sequences are often cited when comparing flow to analogous batch processes. In this short review, the latest developments regarding the exploitation of continuous flow protocols towards the synthesis of anticancer drugs are evaluated. Our efforts focus predominately on the period of 2016-2021 and highlight key case studies where either the final active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or its building blocks were produced continuously. It is hoped that this manuscript will serve as a useful synopsis showcasing the impact of continuous flow chemistry towards the generation of important anticancer drugs.
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Miyashita N, Enokido T, Horie M, Fukuda K, Urushiyama H, Strell C, Brunnström H, Micke P, Saito A, Nagase T. TGF-β-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor-promoting effects in CMT64 cells are reflected in the transcriptomic signature of human lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22380. [PMID: 34789779 PMCID: PMC8599691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01799-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process during which epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal phenotypes. Cancer cells undergo EMT to acquire malignant features and TGF-β is a key regulator of EMT. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that TGF-β could elicit EMT in a mouse lung adenocarcinoma cell line. TGF-β signaling activation led to cell morphological changes corresponding to EMT and enhanced the expression of mesenchymal markers and EMT-associated transcription factors in CMT64 lung cancer cells. RNA-sequencing analyses revealed that TGF-β increases expression of Tead transcription factors and an array of Tead2 target genes. TGF-β stimulation also resulted in alternative splicing of several genes including Cd44, tight junction protein 1 (Tjp1), and Cortactin (Cttn). In parallel with EMT, TGF-β enhanced cell growth of CMT64 cells and promoted tumor formation in a syngeneic transplantation model. Of clinical importance, the expression of TGF-β-induced genes identified in CMT64 cells correlated with EMT gene signatures in human lung adenocarcinoma tissue samples. Furthermore, TGF-β-induced gene enrichment was related to poor prognosis, underscoring the tumor-promoting role of TGF-β signaling in lung adenocarcinoma. Our cellular and syngeneic transplantation model would provide a simple and useful experimental tool to study the significance of TGF-β signaling and EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Miyashita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Takayoshi Enokido
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masafumi Horie
- Department of Cancer Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kensuke Fukuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Urushiyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Carina Strell
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Laboratory Medicine Region Skåne, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pathology, Lund University, 22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrick Micke
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Akira Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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Sun D, Teng F, Xing P, Li J. ARID1A serves as a receivable biomarker for the resistance to EGFR-TKIs in non-small cell lung cancer. Mol Med 2021; 27:138. [PMID: 34715776 PMCID: PMC8555283 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ARID1A is a key component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes which is important for the maintaining of biological processes of cells. Recent studies had uncovered the potential role of ARID1A alterations or expression loss in the therapeutic sensitivity of cancers, but the studies in this field requires to be further summarized and discussed. Therefore, we proposed a series of mechanisms related to the resistance to EGFR-TKIs induced by ARID1A alterations or expression loss and the potential therapeutic strategies to overcome the resistance based on published studies. It suggested that ARID1A alterations or expression loss might be the regulators in PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways which are strongly associated with the resistance to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC patients harboring sensitive EGFR mutations. Besides, ARID1A alterations or expression loss could lead to the resistance to EGFR-TKIs via a variety of processes during the tumorigenesis and development of cancers, including epithelial to mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis and the inhibition of apoptosis. Based on the potential mechanisms related to ARID1A, we summarized that the small molecular inhibitors targeting ARID1A or PI3K/Akt pathway, the anti-angiogenic therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors could be used for the supplementary treatment for EGFR-TKIs among NSCLC patients harboring the concomitant alterations of sensitive EGFR mutations and ARID1A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Sun
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Fei Teng
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Puyuan Xing
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Junling Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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68
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Zhang Y, Zeng L, Zhang X, Li Y, Liu L, Xu Q, Yang H, Jiang W, Lizaso A, Qiu L, Hou T, Liu J, Peng L, Yang N. Clinical and molecular feature-based nomogram model for predicting benefit from bevacizumab combined with first-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC. BMC Med 2021; 19:245. [PMID: 34663309 PMCID: PMC8525046 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of bevacizumab and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) could prolong progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with EGFR-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Our study investigated the clinical and molecular factors that affect the efficacy of first-generation EGFR-TKI with or without bevacizumab and identify the subset of patients who can benefit from combination therapy. METHODS Our study included 318 patients with EGFR-mutant locally advanced/advanced NSCLC treated with either first-generation EGFR-TKI combined with bevacizumab (A+T; n = 159) or EGFR-TKI monotherapy (T; n = 159). Two nomogram models to predict PFS and overall survival (OS), respectively, were constructed using two factors that impact EGFR-TKI efficacy: metastatic site and presence of concurrent mutations. The study cohort was stratified into 2 cohorts for training (n = 176) and validation (n = 142) of the nomogram model. Using the median score from the nomogram, the patients were stratified into two groups to analyze their survival outcome. RESULTS The A+T group had significantly longer PFS (14.0 vs. 10.5 months; p < 0.001) and OS (37.0 vs. 26.0 months; p = 0.042) than the T group. Among the patients with concurrent mutations in tumor suppressor genes, those in the A+T group had significantly longer PFS and OS than the T group (PFS 14.5 vs. 8.0 months, p < 0.001; OS 39.0 vs. 20.0 months, p = 0.003). The higher scores from the nomograms were associated with the presence of brain/liver/pleural metastasis or concomitant gene mutations, which indicated a higher likelihood of shorter PFS and OS. The validation of the nomogram revealed that patients with lower scores had significantly longer PFS for the T group than those with higher scores (15.0 vs. 9.0 months, p = 0.002), but not for the A+T group (15.9 vs. 13.9 months, p = 0.256). CONCLUSIONS Using a nomogram, our study demonstrated that the addition of bevacizumab may enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of EGFR-TKI by overcoming the negative impact of certain clinical and molecular factors on the efficacy of EGFR-TKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China. .,Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China. .,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liang Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yizhi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Lingli Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.,Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Wenjuan Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | | | - Luting Qiu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Ting Hou
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ling Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China. .,Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Peters TL, Patil T, Le AT, Davies KD, Brzeskiewicz PM, Nijmeh H, Bao L, Camidge DR, Aisner DL, Doebele RC. Evolution of MET and NRAS gene amplification as acquired resistance mechanisms in EGFR mutant NSCLC. NPJ Precis Oncol 2021; 5:91. [PMID: 34642436 PMCID: PMC8511249 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients' disease demonstrates remarkable responses to EGFR-targeted therapy, but inevitably they succumb to acquired resistance, which can be complex and difficult to treat. Analyzing acquired resistance through broad molecular testing is crucial to understanding the resistance mechanisms and developing new treatment options. We performed diverse clinical testing on a patient with successive stages of acquired resistance, first to an EGFR inhibitor with MET gene amplification and then subsequently to a combination EGFR and MET targeted therapies. A patient-derived cell line obtained at the time of disease progression was used to identify NRAS gene amplification as an additional driver of drug resistance to combination EGFR/MET therapies. Analysis of downstream signaling revealed extracellular signal-related kinase activation that could only be eliminated by trametinib treatment, while Akt activation could be modulated by various combinations of MET, EGFR, and PI3K inhibitors. The combination of an EGFR inhibitor with a MEK inhibitor was identified as a possible treatment option to overcome drug resistance related to NRAS gene amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Peters
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - T Patil
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - A T Le
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - K D Davies
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - P M Brzeskiewicz
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - H Nijmeh
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - L Bao
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - D R Camidge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - D L Aisner
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - R C Doebele
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado- Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Abstract
Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene have been identified as key oncogenic drivers of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Osimertinib (Tagrisso®) is an orally administered, third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) that is widely approved for the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC with activating EGFR mutations. In the pivotal phase III FLAURA trial, osimertinib significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) relative to first-generation EGFR-TKIs in patients with previously untreated, EGFR mutation-positive, advanced NSCLC. Osimertinib also significantly prolonged central nervous system (CNS) PFS in patients with CNS metastases at trial entry. Osimertinib had a generally manageable tolerability profile; the majority of adverse events considered to be possibly related to treatment were of mild to moderate severity. Osimertinib represents a valuable targeted therapeutic for use in adults with previously untreated, EGFR mutation-positive, advanced NSCLC.
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71
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Jung Y, Son M, Nam YR, Choi J, Heath JR, Yang S. Microfluidic Single-Cell Proteomics Assay Chip: Lung Cancer Cell Line Case Study. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12101147. [PMID: 34683198 PMCID: PMC8541572 DOI: 10.3390/mi12101147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a dynamic disease involving constant changes. With these changes, cancer cells become heterogeneous, resulting in varying sensitivity to chemotherapy. The heterogeneity of cancer cells plays a key role in chemotherapy resistance and cancer recurrence. Therefore, for effective treatment, cancer cells need to be analyzed at the single-cell level by monitoring various proteins and investigating their heterogeneity. We propose a microfluidic chip for a single-cell proteomics assay that is capable of analyzing complex cellular signaling systems to reveal the heterogeneity of cancer cells. The single-cell assay chip comprises (i) microchambers (n = 1376) for manipulating single cancer cells, (ii) micropumps for rapid single-cell lysis, and (iii) barcode immunosensors for detecting nine different secretory and intracellular proteins to reveal the correlation among cancer-related proteins. Using this chip, the single-cell proteomics of a lung cancer cell line, which may be easily masked in bulk analysis, were evaluated. By comparing changes in the level of protein secretion and heterogeneity in response to combinations of four anti-cancer drugs, this study suggests a new method for selecting the best combination of anti-cancer drugs. Subsequent preclinical and clinical trials should enable this platform to become applicable for patient-customized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugyung Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.J.); (M.S.); (Y.R.N.)
| | - Minkook Son
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.J.); (M.S.); (Y.R.N.)
| | - Yu Ri Nam
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.J.); (M.S.); (Y.R.N.)
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jongchan Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea;
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
| | - James R. Heath
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Sung Yang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea; (Y.J.); (M.S.); (Y.R.N.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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72
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Hijazo-Pechero S, Alay A, Marín R, Vilariño N, Muñoz-Pinedo C, Villanueva A, Santamaría D, Nadal E, Solé X. Gene Expression Profiling as a Potential Tool for Precision Oncology in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4734. [PMID: 34638221 PMCID: PMC8507534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advances and the application of high-throughput mutation and transcriptome analyses have improved our understanding of cancer diseases, including non-small cell lung cancer. For instance, genomic profiling has allowed the identification of mutational events which can be treated with specific agents. However, detection of DNA alterations does not fully recapitulate the complexity of the disease and it does not allow selection of patients that benefit from chemo- or immunotherapy. In this context, transcriptional profiling has emerged as a promising tool for patient stratification and treatment guidance. For instance, transcriptional profiling has proven to be especially useful in the context of acquired resistance to targeted therapies and patients lacking targetable genomic alterations. Moreover, the comprehensive characterization of the expression level of the different pathways and genes involved in tumor progression is likely to better predict clinical benefit from different treatments than single biomarkers such as PD-L1 or tumor mutational burden in the case of immunotherapy. However, intrinsic technical and analytical limitations have hindered the use of these expression signatures in the clinical setting. In this review, we will focus on the data reported on molecular classification of non-small cell lung cancer and discuss the potential of transcriptional profiling as a predictor of survival and as a patient stratification tool to further personalize treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hijazo-Pechero
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Ania Alay
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Raúl Marín
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Noelia Vilariño
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO L’Hospitalet (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - David Santamaría
- INSERM U1218, ACTION Laboratory, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB), Université de Bordeaux, F-33607 Pessac, France;
| | - Ernest Nadal
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Solé
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
- CIBER (Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Lan B, Wang Y, Wu J, Wang K, Wang P. The predictive and prognostic effects of PD-L1 expression on TKI treatment and survival of EGFR-mutant NSCLC: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27038. [PMID: 34449486 PMCID: PMC8389972 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Whether programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression could predict the outcome of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment and prognosis of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is remaining controversial.Potential studies were search from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Pooled odds ratio of objective response rate was used to describe the relationship between PD-L1 expression and primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were included to assess the effects of PD-L1 status on the outcome of EGFR-TKI treatment and survival of EGFR-mutant NSCLCs.Eighteen eligible studies (1986 EGFR-mutant NSCLCs) were included in this meta-analysis. Positive PD-L1 expression correlated with lower objective response rate of EGFR-TKI treatment (odds ratio [95% confidence interval {CI}] = 0.52 [0.28-0.98], P = .043), while PFS (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.49 [0.96-1.89], P = .332) and OS (HR [95% CI] = 1.24 [0.70-2.20], P = .456) of EGFR-TKI treatment did not correlated with PD-L1 status. Furthermore, PD-L1 expression was not a predictive biomarker for the OS (HR [95% CI] = 1.43 [0.98-2.08], P = .062) in overall EGFR-mutant cohort.Positive PD-L1 expression indicated a higher incidence of primary resistance, but did not correlate with the PFS or OS of EGFR-TKI therapy. In addition, PD-L1 expression was unlikely a predictive biomarker for prognosis of EGFR-mutant NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongfang Wang
- Department of Allergy, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingni Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Forth Affiliated Hospital, Z School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Pingli Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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74
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Gong L, Shu J, Chen X, Pan H, Chen G, Bi Y, Cui D, Li X, Liu D, Wang L, Wang Y, Liu P, Xiong X, Zhao Y. DEPTOR inhibits lung tumorigenesis by inactivating the EGFR-mTOR signals. Cancer Lett 2021; 519:263-276. [PMID: 34320372 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
DEPTOR plays vital roles in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival by directly modulating the activity of mTORC1/2. However, the physiological role of DEPTOR in lung tumorigenesis, as well as its clinical significance, remains elusive. In this study, we revealed that decreased DEPTOR expression correlated with increased tumor size, poor differentiation, and worse survival in patients with lung cancer. DEPTOR depletion promoted cell proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion in human lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, DEPTOR bound to the kinase domain of EGFR via its PDZ domain to inactivate EGFR signal. Thus, DEPTOR depletion not only directly activated mTORC1/2, but also relieved the inhibition of EGFR to subsequently activate mTOR signals, leading to the induction of cell proliferation and survival. Additionally, activated EGFR-mTOR signals upregulated the expression of ZEB1 and SLUG to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition, resulting in enhanced migration and invasion. Importantly, Deptor deletion accelerated KrasG12D;p53fl/fl-induced lung tumorigenesis and shortened mouse life span via the activation of EGFR-mTOR signals. Collectively, our study demonstrated that DEPTOR acts as a tumor suppressor in lung tumorigenesis, and its reduction may advance the progression of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyuan Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Shu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Department of Lung Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoan Chen
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanli Bi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danrui Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xufan Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dian Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linchen Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiufang Xiong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Cordon MB, Jacobsen KM, Nielsen CS, Hjerrild P, Poulsen TB. Forward Chemical Genetic Screen for Oxygen-Dependent Cytotoxins Uncovers New Covalent Fragments that Target GPX4. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100253. [PMID: 34252249 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The identification of growth inhibitory compounds with the ability to selectively target the cellular oxygenation state may be of therapeutic interest. Here, a phenotypic screen of a covalent fragment library revealed diverse compounds containing propiolamide warheads with selective toxicity for liver cancer cells in normoxic conditions. Target identification and validation through CETSA and direct pulldown experiments demonstrated that several compounds target glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and induce ferroptotic cell death. Although being an oxidative cell death mechanism, ferroptosis can be induced also under hypoxic conditions. Prompted by the selective toxicity discovered in the screen, we mapped the oxygen-dependence of several ferroptosis-inducing compounds across three different cell lines. These studies revealed combinations with notable reductions in sensitivity under hypoxic conditions. These observations are mechanistically interesting and may be relevant for the use of ferroptosis-inducers as anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie B Cordon
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kristian M Jacobsen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Cecilie S Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Per Hjerrild
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas B Poulsen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Generation and Characterization of a New Preclinical Mouse Model of EGFR-Driven Lung Cancer with MET-Induced Osimertinib Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143441. [PMID: 34298655 PMCID: PMC8307933 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The use of targeted therapy has changed the clinical management of lung cancer patients, increasing both their life quality and expectancy. Conversely, the appearance of resistance occurs in almost all patients receiving this therapy. In this regard, new strategies combining different therapies could delay or even eliminate the appearance of resistance. However, in order to develop new therapeutic treatments, we need preclinical mouse models that recapitulate human disease. In the present study, we developed a new state-of-the-art mouse model that summarizes all features occurring in EGFR-mutated patients that relapse after osimertinib after acquisition of MET amplification. Abstract Despite the introduction of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to treat advanced lung cancer harboring EGFR-activating mutations, the prognosis remains unfavorable because of intrinsic and/or acquired resistance. We generated a new state-of-the-art mouse strain harboring the human EGFRT790M/L858R oncogene and MET overexpression (EGFR/MET strain) that mimics the MET amplification occurring in one out of five patients with EGFR-mutated lung cancer that relapsed after treatment with osimertinib, a third-generation anti-EGFR TKI. We found that survival was reduced in EGFR/MET mice compared with mice harboring only EGFRT790M/L858R (EGFR strain). Moreover, EGFR/MET-driven lung tumors were resistant to osimertinib, recapitulating the phenotype observed in patients. Conversely, as also observed in patients, the crizotinib (anti-MET TKI) and osimertinib combination improved survival and reduced tumor burden in EGFR/MET mice, further validating the model’s value for preclinical studies. We also found that in EGFR/MET mice, MET overexpression negatively regulated EGFR activity through MIG6 induction, a compensatory mechanism that allows the coexistence of the two onco-genic events. Our data suggest that single EGFR or MET inhibition might not be a good therapeutic option for EGFR-mutated lung cancer with MET amplification, and that inhibition of both pathways should be the best clinical choice in these patients.
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Xia L, Yang F, Wu X, Li S, Kan C, Zheng H, Wang S. SHP2 inhibition enhances the anticancer effect of Osimertinib in EGFR T790M mutant lung adenocarcinoma by blocking CXCL8 loop mediated stemness. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:337. [PMID: 34217295 PMCID: PMC8254369 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02056-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Additional epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations confer the drug resistance to generations of EGFR targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), posing a major challenge to developing effective treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The strategy of combining EGFR-TKI with other synergistic or sensitizing therapeutic agents are considered a promising approach in the era of precision medicine. Moreover, the role and mechanism of SHP2, which is involved in cell proliferation, cytokine production, stemness maintenance and drug resistance, has not been carefully explored in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS To evaluate the impact of SHP2 on the efficacy of EGFR T790M mutant LUAD cells to Osimertinib, SHP2 inhibition was tested in Osimertinib treated LUAD cells. Cell proliferation and stemness were tested in SHP2 modified LUAD cells. RNA sequencing was performed to explore the mechanism of SHP2 promoted stemness. RESULTS This study demonstrated that high SHP2 expression level correlates with poor outcome of LUAD patients, and SHP2 expression is enriched in Osimertinib resistant LUAD cells. SHP2 inhibition suppressed the cell proliferation and damaged the stemness of EGFR T790M mutant LUAD. SHP2 facilitates the secretion of CXCL8 cytokine from the EGFR T790M mutant LUAD cells, through a CXCL8-CXCR1/2 positive feedback loop that promotes stemness and tumorigenesis. Our results further show that SHP2 mediates CXCL8-CXCR1/2 feedback loop through ERK-AKT-NFκB and GSK3β-β-Catenin signaling in EGFR T790M mutant LUAD cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed that SHP2 inhibition enhances the anti-cancer effect of Osimertinib in EGFR T790M mutant LUAD by blocking CXCL8-CXCR1/2 loop mediated stemness, which may help provide an alternative therapeutic option to enhance the clinical efficacy of osimertinib in EGFR T790M mutant LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiming Xia
- Basic College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan road, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Hematology, The Third affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Hematology, The fourth affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Basic College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Basic College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Suzhi Li
- Basic College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chen Kan
- Basic College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Basic College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Siying Wang
- Basic College of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Laboratory Center for Medical Science Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Dual targeting of MEK and PI3K effectively controls the proliferation of human EGFR-TKI resistant non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines with different genetic backgrounds. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:208. [PMID: 34210314 PMCID: PMC8252311 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Molecular targeted therapy for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is restricted due to resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study evaluated the effects of dual targeting of MEK and PI3K in human EGFR-TKI resistant NSCLC cell lines. Methods EGFR-TKI resistant NSCLC cell lines H1975, H460, and A549, with different mutation and amplification status in EGFR, K-RAS, PIK3CA, and MET genes, were treated with a MEK162 (MEK inhibitor) and BKM120 (PI3K inhibitor) combination or a BIBW2992 (EGFR inhibitor) and ARQ197 (MET inhibitor) combination and assayed for cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle distribution. Results Dual targeting of MEK and PI3K efficiently inhibited the cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and the G0/G1 cell cycle, and decreased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, AKT, S6, and 4E-BP1. H460 cells with K-RAS and PIK3CA mutation were most sensitive to MEK162 and BKM120 combinations. H1975 cells with EGFR and PIK3CA mutation and MET amplification were sensitive to BIBW2992 and ARQ197 combinations. Conclusion Dual targeting regulated the proliferation of EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cells, especially mutants in K-RAS and PIK3CA that are promising for EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC therapeutics.
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Dong Y, Li Q, Miao Q, Li D. Erlotinib as a salvage treatment after gefitinib failure for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with brain metastasis: A successful case report and review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26450. [PMID: 34160440 PMCID: PMC8238270 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The guidelines recommended gefitinib as a first-line targeted treatment for stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations. However, resistance to gefitinib ensues invariably and there is little evidence as for the effectiveness of subsequent salvage treatment for patients without T790m mutation. The case is to evaluate the efficacy of erlotinib, another EGFR-TKI, after failed first-line use of gefitinib. PATIENT CONCERNS We described a 55-year-old man with good performance status (PS). DIAGNOSES He was histopathologically diagnosed stage IV lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations in November 2018. INTERVENTIONS He was administrated with gefitinib daily (250 mg) for activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations (exon 19 deletions,19del), and combined with platinum-based dual-drug chemotherapy. During the target treatments, the optimal efficacy evaluation was partial remission (PR) with a 12-month progression-free survival (PFS) time. Later, the intracranial progression of the patient rendered the treatment change to erlotinib. OUTCOMES It is surprising that the tumor lesion in brain as well as lung relieved obviously. His progression-free survival (PFS)was nearly 11 months, and the overall survival (OS)was>36 months up to now. The adverse events were tolerable. LESSIONS This case manifests that re-biopsy of advanced or recurrent NSCLC is beneficial to make a better therapeutic regimen, and erlotinib can be used as a salvage treatment after gefitinib failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
| | - Qijun Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
| | - Qian Miao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Quzhou People's Hospital, Zhongloudi, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Da Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
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80
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Xia M, Sheng L, Qu W, Xue X, Chen H, Zheng G, Chen W. MiR-194-5p enhances the sensitivity of nonsmall-cell lung cancer to doxorubicin through targeted inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-1. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:174. [PMID: 34127010 PMCID: PMC8204537 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite chemotherapy being a common treatment, an increase in chemoresistance over time is unavoidable. We therefore investigated the role of miR-194-5p in regulating chordoma cell behavior and examined the downstream effectors of miR-194-5p. Methods In this study, NSCLC cell lines A549 and H460 were cultured under hypoxic conditions for 1 week to induce drug resistance to doxorubicin (DOX). The connection between miR-194-5p and HIF-1 was revealed by reverse transcription and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot, and dual-luciferase assays. We used TUNEL staining and the CCK-8 test to assess the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to DOX. Results We found that hypoxia-induced NSCLC cells enhanced resistance to DOX. MiR-194-5p was substantially reduced, and HIF-1 was increased in hypoxia-induced drug-resistant NSCLC cells. Moreover, miR-194-5p successfully induced NSCLC cell apoptosis by directly inhibiting HIF-1, thereby enhancing DOX sensitivity. Conclusions MiR-194-5p enhanced the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to DOX by directly inhibiting HIF-1. This work provides insights into underlying treatments for drug-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengning Xia
- Department of Ultrasound, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Sheng
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanjing Benq Medical Center, Nanjing, 210021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Xue
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hucheng Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyan Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, People's Republic of China
| | - Weigang Chen
- Laboratory Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210000, People's Republic of China.
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81
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Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes in Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061383. [PMID: 34199813 PMCID: PMC8227520 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-mediated degradation system is responsible for controlling various tumor-promoting processes, including DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. The conjugation of ubiquitin to a target protein is mediated sequentially by the E1 (activating)‒E2 (conjugating)‒E3 (ligating) enzyme cascade. Thus, E2 enzymes act as the central players in the ubiquitination system, modulating various pathophysiological processes in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the types and functions of E2s in various types of cancer and discuss the possibility of E2s as targets of anticancer therapeutic strategies.
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Liu R, Ota K, Iwama E, Yoneshima Y, Tanaka K, Inoue H, Tagawa T, Oda Y, Mori M, Nakanishi Y, Okamoto I. Quantification of HER family dimers by proximity ligation assay and its clinical evaluation in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with osimertinib. Lung Cancer 2021; 158:156-161. [PMID: 34059353 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, also known as Her1) is a member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family of proteins and a target of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) positive for activating mutations ofEGFR. Signal transduction by HER family proteins is dependent on their homo- or heterodimerization, but little is known of the relation between the relative proportions of such dimers of Her1 and sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs. We here investigated the feasibility of assessing this relation with the in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) technique, which is able to detect the interaction of two proteins of interest when they are in close proximity. MATERIALS AND METHODS In situ PLA was applied to detect Her1 homodimers and Her1 heterodimers in NSCLC cell lines and tissue specimens positive for EGFR activating mutations. RESULTS In situ PLA allowed visualization and quantitative assessment of Her1 homodimers as well as of Her1 heterodimers with Her2, Her3, or Her4 not only in NSCLC cell lines but also in NSCLC tissue specimens obtained from various anatomic sites and by different collection methods. Treatment of NSCLC cell lines with EGFR-TKIs resulted in a decrease in the number of Her1 dimers, with the effect on homodimers being greater than that on heterodimers. A high ratio of Her1 heterodimers to homodimers was associated with poor progression-free survival in NSCLC patients treated with osimertinib. CONCLUSION In situ PLA allows the detection of HER family dimers in NSCLC tissue, and quantitative assessment of Her1 homo- and heterodimers may prove informative for prediction of the response of NSCLC patients to EGFR-TKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renpeng Liu
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ota
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Department of Comprehensive Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Eiji Iwama
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuto Yoneshima
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanaka
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inoue
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Tetsuzo Tagawa
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakanishi
- Kitakyushu City Hospital Organization, 2-1-1 Bashaku, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, 802-8561, Japan
| | - Isamu Okamoto
- Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Liu B, Li H, Liu X, Li F, Chen W, Kuang Y, Zhao X, Li L, Yu B, Jin X, Li Q. CircZNF208 enhances the sensitivity to X-rays instead of carbon-ions through the miR-7-5p /SNCA signal axis in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cell Signal 2021; 84:110012. [PMID: 33892093 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely related to the regulation of gene expression during tumour development. However, the role of circRNAs in modulating the radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells has not been explored. METHODS Transcriptome sequencing was used to explore the expression profiles of circRNAs in NSCLC. The expression level of circRNAs was changed by inducing instantaneous knockdown or overexpression. Changes in proliferation and radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells were investigated using CCK-8, EDU, and clonal survivals. RESULTS By analysing the circRNA expression profile of NSCLC cells, we found that circRNA ZNF208 (circZNF208) was significantly upregulated in a radioresistant NSCLC cell line (A549-R11), which was acquired from the parental NSCLC cell line A549. Knockout experiments indicated that circZNF208 enhanced the radiosensitivity of A549 and A549-R11 cells to X-rays. Mechanistically, circZNF208 upregulated SNCA expression by acting as a sponge of miR-7-5p and subsequently promoted the resistance of NSCLC cells to low linear energy transfer (LET) X-rays. However, this effect was not observed in NSCLC cells exposed to high-LET carbon ions. CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of circZNF208 altered the radiosensitivity of patients with NSCLC to X-rays but did not significantly change the sensitivity to carbon ions. Therefore, circZNF208 might serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment with radiotherapy of different modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingtao Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiongxiong Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feifei Li
- Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanbei Kuang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Linying Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Boyi Yu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Janpipatkul K, Trachu N, Watcharenwong P, Panvongsa W, Worakitchanon W, Metheetrairut C, Oranratnachai S, Reungwetwattana T, Chairoungdua A. Exosomal microRNAs as potential biomarkers for osimertinib resistance of non-small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Biomark 2021; 31:281-294. [PMID: 33896827 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-203075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osimertinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor that specifically targets the T790M mutation in cancer.Unfortunately, most non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients develop osimertinib resistance. Currently, the molecular biomarkers for monitoring osimertinib resistance are not available. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the profile of exosomal miRNA in the plasma of osimertinib-resistant NSCLC patients. METHODS Plasma exosomal miRNA profiles of 8 NSCLC patients were analyzed by next-generation sequencing at osimertinib-sensitive and osimertinib-resistance stage.The expression of dysregulated exosomal miRNAs was validated and confirmed in another cohort of 19 NSCLC patients by qPCR. The relationship between exosomal miRNA upregulation and clinical prognosis, survival analysis was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS In osimertinib-resistant NSCLC patients, 10 exosomal miRNAs were significantly dysregulated compared to baseline. Upregulation of all 10 candidate exosomal miRNAs tended to correlate with increased latency to treatment failure and improved overall survival. Among them, 4 exosomal miRNAs, miR-323-3p, miR-1468-3p, miR-5189-5p and miR-6513-5p were essentially upregulated and show the potential to be markers for the discrimination of osimertinib-resistance from osimertinib-sensitive NSCLC patients with high accuracy (p< 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the potential role of these exosomal miRNAs as molecular biomarkers for the detection of osimertinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keatdamrong Janpipatkul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narumol Trachu
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyakarn Watcharenwong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wittaya Panvongsa
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Toxicology Graduate Program, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wittawin Worakitchanon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanatip Metheetrairut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Songporn Oranratnachai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Oncology Clinic, Sriphat Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thanyanan Reungwetwattana
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arthit Chairoungdua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Toxicology Graduate Program, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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85
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Ferreira D, Miranda J, Martins-Lopes P, Adega F, Chaves R. Future Perspectives in Detecting EGFR and ALK Gene Alterations in Liquid Biopsies of Patients with NSCLC. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083815. [PMID: 33916986 PMCID: PMC8067613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause of death worldwide. Alterations in such genes as EGFR and ALK are considered important biomarkers in NSCLC due to the existence of targeted therapies with specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, specific resistance-related mutations can occur during TKI treatment, which often result in therapy inefficacy. Liquid biopsies arise as a reliable tool for the early detection of these types of alterations, allowing a non-invasive follow-up of the patients. Furthermore, they can be essential for cancer screening, initial diagnosis and to check surgery success. Despite the great advantages of liquid biopsies in NSCLC and the high input that next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches can provide in this field, its use in oncology is still limited. With improvement of assay sensitivity and the establishment of clinical guidelines for liquid biopsy analysis, it is expected that they will be used in routine procedures. This review focuses on the usefulness of liquid biopsies of NSCLC patients as a means to detect alterations in EGFR and ALK genes and in disease management, highlighting the impact of NGS methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ferreira
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (D.F.); (J.M.); (P.M.-L.); (F.A.)
| | - Juliana Miranda
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (D.F.); (J.M.); (P.M.-L.); (F.A.)
| | - Paula Martins-Lopes
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (D.F.); (J.M.); (P.M.-L.); (F.A.)
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Filomena Adega
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (D.F.); (J.M.); (P.M.-L.); (F.A.)
| | - Raquel Chaves
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal; (D.F.); (J.M.); (P.M.-L.); (F.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-259-350936
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Chang Q, Qiang H, Qian J, Lei Y, Lu J, Feng H, Zhao Y, Han B, Zhang Y, Chu T. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Status and Response to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced Chinese Female Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:652560. [PMID: 33869057 PMCID: PMC8050333 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.652560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The frequency of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in Chinese female patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are unknown. This study was designed to investigate the incidence of EGFR mutations and the role of targeted therapy in advanced Chinese female lung SCC patients. Methods Advanced female patients diagnosed with lung SCC at the Shanghai Chest Hospital between January 2013 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 4223 advanced lung SCC patients were screened, and there were 154 female lung SCC patients who had underwent EGFR mutation detection. Positive EGFR mutations were found in 29.9% (46/154) of female lung SCC patients, including twenty-three 19del mutation (14.9%), twenty-one 21L858R mutation (13.6%) and other mutations (1.4%, 21861Q and 20ins). For 45 EGFR positive mutation female SCC patients, the median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients who received EGFR-TKI therapy (n=38) was 8.0 months (95% CI, 5.4-10.7 months), which was significantly longer than patients who were treated with chemotherapy (8.0 vs. 3.2 months, p=0.024), and the median overall survival (OS) was also longer (24.9 months vs. 13.9 months, p=0.020). The objective response rate (ORR) was 44.7% (17/38), and the disease control rate (DCR) was 81.6% (31/38). For 105 female SCC patients with EGFR negative mutation, the median OS was 18.6 months (95% CI, 14.2-22.9 months) and it was no different from that of EGFR positive mutation patients (18.6 vs. 22.8 months, p=0.377). Conclusion For advanced Chinese female lung SCC patients with EGFR positive mutations, targeted therapy could confer longer PFS and OS than chemotherapy, but the survival was similar with patients who were negative EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chang
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiping Qiang
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Qian
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqiong Lei
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahuan Lu
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baohui Han
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianqing Chu
- Department of Pulmonary, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang X, Li C, Ye M, Hu Q, Hu J, Gong Z, Li J, Zhao X, Xu Y, Zhang D, Hou Y, Zhang X. Bronchial Washing Fluid Versus Plasma and Bronchoscopy Biopsy Samples for Detecting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Status in Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:602402. [PMID: 33828971 PMCID: PMC8020887 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.602402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bronchial washing fluid (BWF) is a common specimen collected during bronchoscopy and has been suggested to contain both tumor cells and cell-free DNA. However, there is no consensus on the feasibility of BWF in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) genetic analysis because of the limited sample size and varying results in previous studies. This study compared the feasibility, sensitivity, and specificity of detecting EGFR mutation using BWF, bronchoscopy biopsy, and plasma samples in patients with lung cancer (LC). Materials and Methods A total of 144 patients (110 with LC and 34 without LC) were enrolled in the study. During diagnostic bronchoscopy for suspected LC lesions, bronchial washing with saline was performed directly or through a guide sheath. BWF was collected as well as paired bronchoscopy biopsy and plasma samples, and EGFR mutation testing was performed via highly sensitive blocker polymerase chain reaction. The EGFR mutation status of histologic samples was set as the standard reference. Results Compared with the histologic samples, the sensitivity, specificity, and concordance rate of EGFR mutation detected in BWF samples were 92.5%, 100%, and 97.9%, respectively. Moreover, BWF showed a higher sensitivity in EGFR mutation testing than both plasma (100% [8/8] vs. 62.5% [5/8], p = 0.095) and bronchoscopy biopsy samples (92.5% [37/40] vs. 77.5% [31/40], p = 0.012) and identified EGFR mutations in 6 cases whose biopsy failed to establish an LC diagnosis. The diameter of the target lesion and its contact degree with BWF were positive predictive factors for EGFR testing results. Conclusions BWF yields a high sensitivity in EGFR mutation testing, having high concordance with histologic samples, and presenting the benefit of rapid EGFR mutation detection in LC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maosong Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Hu
- Department of Pathology Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziying Gong
- Department of R&D, Shanghai Yunying Medical Technology, Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China.,Department of R&D, Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China
| | - Jieyi Li
- Department of R&D, Shanghai Yunying Medical Technology, Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China.,Department of R&D, Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaokai Zhao
- Department of R&D, Shanghai Yunying Medical Technology, Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China.,Department of R&D, Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China
| | - Yiqing Xu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Daoyun Zhang
- Department of R&D, Shanghai Yunying Medical Technology, Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China.,Department of R&D, Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co., Ltd., Jiaxing, China
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Department of Pathology Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Glucose-regulating protein 78 (GRP78) is a molecular chaperone in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that promotes folding and assembly of proteins, controls the quality of proteins, and regulates ER stress signaling through Ca2+ binding to the ER. In tumors, GRP78 is often upregulated, acting as a central stress sensor that senses and adapts to changes in the tumor microenvironment, mediating ER stress of cancer cells under various stimulations of the microenvironment to trigger the folding protein response. Increasing evidence has shown that GRP78 is closely associated with the progression and poor prognosis of lung cancer, and plays an important role in the treatment of lung cancer. Herein, we reviewed for the first time the functions and mechanisms of GRP78 in the pathological processes of lung cancer, including tumorigenesis, apoptosis, autophagy, progression, and drug resistance, giving a comprehensive understanding of the function of GRP78 in lung cancer. In addition, we also discussed the potential role of GRP78 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for lung cancer, which is conducive to improving the assessment of lung cancer and the development of new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengkai Xia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wenzhe Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Cancer Translational Medicine Research Center, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xinri Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China. .,Cancer Translational Medicine Research Center, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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89
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Han R, Jia Y, Li X, Zhao C, Zhao S, Liu S, Liu Y, Chen D, Zhang Q, Liu X, Shi J, Li J, Zhou C. Concurrent use of metformin enhances the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer-an option for overcoming EGFR-TKI resistance. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:1277-1291. [PMID: 33889509 PMCID: PMC8044488 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-1153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Resistance is almost inevitable and is still a major obstacle in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. Only limited relevant clinical studies evaluated the therapeutic effects by combing metformin and EGFR-TKIs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of concurrent use of metformin with EGFR-TKIs, and assessed whether the addition of metformin may improve clinical outcomes and delay the occurrence of EGFR-TKI resistance. Methods We conducted cell proliferation and apoptosis assay for investigation of metformin in combination with EGFR-TKIs to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance in vitro. Furthermore, we retrospectively reviewed clinicopathological characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC diabetic patients who received EGFR-TKIs with or without concurrent use of metformin. Results In vitro experiment, metformin showed synergistic interaction both with gefitinib in PC9R (CI =0.77) and with osimertinib in PC9R/OR (CI =0.77) in proliferation inhibition assay. Metformin can also augment apoptosis effect of these TKI-resistant cells to EGFR-TKIs. In retrospective cohort, a total of 85 patients were identified (cohort A), in which 28 patients had concurrent use of metformin. The objective response rate in metformin use group was significantly higher (85.7% vs. 47.4%, P=0.001). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in metformin use group were significantly longer (21.6 vs. 9.2 months, P=0.000; 48.4 vs. 36.6 months, P=0.049). Further analysis revealed that metformin obviously prolonged the median PFS2 of osimertinib treatment among patients who progressed to prior line EGFR-TKIs due to secondary EGFR T790M mutation (cohort B). Conclusions Our study suggest that concurrent use of metformin could be beneficial to EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients treated with either first-line EGFR-TKIs or second-line osimertinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoshuang Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Lung Cancer and Immunology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sangtian Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Donglai Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinpeng Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Song Y, Wang J, Ren X, Jin J, Mao L, Liang C, Ding L, Yang L. Vorolanib, an oral VEGFR/PDGFR dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor for treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors: An open-label, phase I dose escalation and dose expansion trial. Chin J Cancer Res 2021; 33:103-114. [PMID: 33707933 PMCID: PMC7941683 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2021.01.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the safety and preliminary efficacy of vorolanib, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor, for treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods During dose escalation, patients received increasing doses of oral vorolanib (50−250 mg once daily) in cycles of four weeks for up to one year. During dose expansion, patients received recommended doses (100 and 200 mg) in 4-week cycles. The primary endpoint was to determine the safety and maximum tolerated dose and/or the recommended phase II dose (RP2D). The severity and type of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were assessed using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. The second endpoint was preliminary efficacy in terms of objective response and progression-free survival (PFS). Results No dose-limiting toxicity occurred during dose escalation (50−250 mg). Five (26.3%) patients in the escalation cohort (n=19) and 12 (48.0%) in the expansion cohort (n=25) experienced grade 3 ADRs. The most common ADRs were hair color changes, fatigue, portal hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and proteinuria. During dose expansion, the patients treated with 200 mg and 100 mg (once daily) showed an objective response rate of 22.2% and 5.9%, respectively; the disease control rate was 88.9% and 73.3%, respectively; the median PFS was 9.9 [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 7.4−not reached] months and 3.8 (95% CI: 1.9−not reached) months, respectively. Conclusions Oral vorolanib at a dose of 200 mg (once daily) exhibited an acceptable safety profile and favorable clinical benefit for patients with advanced solid tumors. The RP2D for vorolanib was determined to be 200 mg as a daily regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jinwan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Li Mao
- Betta Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Chris Liang
- Betta Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Lieming Ding
- Betta Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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91
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Blocking Aerobic Glycolysis by Targeting Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase in Combination with EGFR TKI and Ionizing Radiation Increases Therapeutic Effect in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050941. [PMID: 33668151 PMCID: PMC7956357 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring oncogenic mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inevitably develop resistance to targeted EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) therapy. To support malignant features associated with cancer development and therapy resistance, the cancer cells adapt their metabolic rate and pathways. As an example, aerobic glycolysis, where the cells use glycolysis in the presence of oxygen, is frequently seen. Here we show that targeting aerobic glycolysis represents a promising strategy in cancer therapeutics. Abstract Increased glycolytic activity is a hallmark of cancer initiation and progression and is often observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex acts as a gatekeeper between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, and activation of PDH is known to inhibit glycolytic activity. As part of a standard therapeutic regimen, patients with NSCLC harboring oncogenic mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs). Independent of good initial response, development of resistance to this therapy is inevitable. In the presented work, we propose that inhibition of glycolysis will add to the therapeutic effects and possibly prevent development of resistance against both EGFR TKIs and ionizing radiation in NSCLC. Analysis of transcriptome data from two independent NSCLC patient cohorts identified increased expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDHK1) as well as upregulated expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism in tumors compared to normal tissue. We established in vitro models of development of resistance to EGFR TKIs to study metabolism and determine if targeting PDHK would prevent development of resistance to EGFR TKIs in NSCLC cells. The PDHK1 inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA) in combination with EGFR TKIs and/or ionizing radiation was shown to increase the therapeutic effect in our NSCLC cell models. This mechanism was associated with redirected metabolism towards pyruvate oxidation and reduced lactate production, both in EGFR TKI sensitive and resistant NSCLC cells. Using DCA, the intracellular pool of pyruvate available for lactic fermentation becomes limited. Consequently, pyruvate is redirected to the mitochondria, and reinforces mitochondrial activity. Addition of DCA to cell culture deacidifies the extracellular microenvironment as less lactate is produced and excreted. In our study, we find that this redirection of metabolism adds to the therapeutic effect of EGFR TKI and ionizing radiation in NSCLC.
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92
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Lin EPY, Huang BT, Lai WY, Tseng YT, Yang SC, Kuo HC, Yang PC. PINK1-Mediated Inhibition of EGFR Dimerization and Activation Impedes EGFR-Driven Lung Tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1745-1757. [PMID: 33574089 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
EGFR is established as a driver of lung cancer, yet the regulatory machinery underlying its oncogenic activity is not fully understood. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) kinase is a key player in mitochondrial quality control, although its role in lung cancer and EGFR regulation is unclear. In this study, we show that PINK1 physically directly interacts with EGFR via the PINK1 C-terminal domain (PINK1-CTD) and the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain. This interaction constituted an endogenous steric hindrance to receptor dimerization and inhibited EGFR-mediated lung carcinogenesis. Depletion of PINK1 from lung cancer cells promoted EGFR dimerization, receptor activation, EGFR downstream signaling, and tumor growth. In contrast, overexpression of PINK1 or PINK1-CTD suppressed EGFR dimerization, activation, downstream signaling, and tumor growth. These findings identify key elements in the EGFR regulatory cascade and illustrate a new direction for the development of anti-EGFR therapeutics, suggesting translational potential of the PINK1-CTD in lung cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identifies PINK1 as a critical tumor suppressor that impedes EGFR dimerization and highlights PINK1-CTD as a potential therapeutic agent in EGFR-driven lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Pei-Ying Lin
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Departments of Medical Research and Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital and College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Clinical Trial Center, Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Tsang Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yun Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tseng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Chen Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Cheng Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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93
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Xiao P, Liu YK, Han W, Hu Y, Zhang BY, Liu WL. Exosomal Delivery of FTO Confers Gefitinib Resistance to Recipient Cells through ABCC10 Regulation in an m6A-dependent Manner. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:726-738. [PMID: 33563765 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gefitinib is suitable for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. However, the development of acquired resistance limits its long-term efficacy in regardless of significant clinical benefit to patients. Therefore, to elucidate the mechanism of gefitinib resistance in addition to target gene mutation may greatly increase its clinical efficacy. It was found first that N 6-methyladenosine RNA demethylase FTO was significantly enriched in serum exosomes of gefitinib-resistant (GR) patients compared with that of gefitinib-sensitive (GS) patients through exosomal RNA sequencing. Meanwhile, the average m6A proportion in GR patients was significantly lower when compared with that in GS patients. Besides, GR cell-derived exosome internalization attenuated the total m6A abundance and gefitinib sensitivity of PC9 cells. Not only FTO knockdown enhanced the gefitinib sensitivity of GR cells but also FTO reduction in donor exosomes alleviated the acquired resistance of recipient PC9 cells. GR cell-derived exosomal-FTO promoted ABCC10 of recipient cells in a m6A-dependent manner. FTO/YTHDF2/ABCC10 axis played a role in intercellular transmission of GR cell-derived exosome-mediated gefitinib resistance both in vitro and in vivo. In general, this research showed that m6A modification was involved in the decrease of gefitinib sensitivity. GR cell-derived exosomes could decrease gefitinib sensitivity of recipient cells in exosomal delivery of FTO-dependent manner. FTO/YTHDF2/ABCC10 axis played a role in intercellular transmission of GR cell-derived exosome-mediated gefitinib resistance. IMPLICATIONS: Our results elucidated another potential molecular mechanism of gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer besides secondary EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Kang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Bo-You Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Liang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China.
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94
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Ferrara MG, Martini M, D'Argento E, Forcella C, Vita E, Di Noia V, Sperduti I, Bilotta M, Ribelli M, Damiano P, Cannella A, Stefani A, Pilotto S, Carbone C, Piro G, Milella M, Tortora G, Bria E. PTEN Loss as a Predictor of Tumor Heterogeneity and Poor Prognosis in Patients With EGFR-mutant Advanced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Receiving Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Clin Lung Cancer 2021; 22:351-360. [PMID: 33558194 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid disease progression of patients with advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been recently associated with tumor heterogeneity, which may be mirrored by coexisting concomitant alterations. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the correlation between loss of function of PTEN and the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in this population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Archival tumor blocks from patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC who were administered upfront tyrosine kinase inhibitors were retrospectively collected. The status of 4 genes (PTEN, TP53, c-MET, IGFR) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and it was correlated with overall response rate, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS Fifty-one patients were included. In multivariate analysis, PTEN loss (hazard ratio [HR], 3.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56-7.66; P = .002), IGFR overexpression (HR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.03-4.77; P = .04), liver metastases (HR, 3.55; 95% CI, 1.46-8.65; P = .005), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) ≥ 1 (HR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.04-6.34; P = .04) were significantly associated with shorter PFS. Patients with PTEN loss had a median PFS of 6 months (2-year PFS, 11.6%), whereas patients without PTEN loss had a median PFS of 18 months (2-year PFS, 43.6%) (log-rank P < .005). In the multivariate analysis, PTEN loss (HR, 5.92; 95% CI, 2.37-14.81; P < .005), liver metastases (HR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.06-6.51; P = .037), and ECOG PS ≥ 1 (HR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.15-6.81; P = .024) were significantly associated with shorter OS. Patients with PTEN loss had a median OS of 6 months (2-year OS, 12.2%), whereas in patients without PTEN loss, OS was not reached (2-year OS, 63.9%) (log-rank P < .0005). CONCLUSIONS A low-cost and reproducible immunohistochemistry assay for PTEN loss analysis represents a potential tool for identifying tumor heterogeneity in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Grazia Ferrara
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Martini
- Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Ettore D'Argento
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Forcella
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Emanuele Vita
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Noia
- Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Oncologia Medica, Humanitas Gavazzeni, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirna Bilotta
- Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Marta Ribelli
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Damiano
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonella Cannella
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessio Stefani
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Sara Pilotto
- U.O.C. Oncology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Carmine Carbone
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Geny Piro
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- U.O.C. Oncology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Medical Oncology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
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Recent advances of dual FGFR inhibitors as a novel therapy for cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 214:113205. [PMID: 33556787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) includes four highly conserved transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases (FGFR1-4). FGF and FGFR regulate many biological processes, such as angiogenesis, wound healing and tissue regeneration. The abnormal expression of FGFR is related to the tumorigenesis, tumor progression and drug resistance of anti-tumor treatments in many types of tumors. Nowadays there are many anti-cancer drugs targeting FGFR. However, traditional single-target anti-tumor drugs are easy to acquire drug resistance. The therapeutic effect can be enhanced by simultaneously inhibiting FGFR and another target (such as VEGFR, EGFR, PI3K, CSF-1R, etc.). We know drug combination can bring problems such as drug interactions. Therefore, the development of FGFR dual target inhibitors is an important direction. In this paper, we reviewed the research on dual FGFR inhibitors in recent years and made brief comments on them.
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Dong J, Tong S, Shi X, Wang C, Xiao X, Ji W, Sun Y. Progastrin-Releasing Peptide Precursor and Neuron-Specific Enolase Predict the Efficacy of First-Line Treatment with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Among Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Harboring EGFR Mutations. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 12:13607-13616. [PMID: 33447080 PMCID: PMC7802014 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s285121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80–90% of all lung cancers. However, biomarkers to predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients upon treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors remain unreliable. Different types of EGFR mutations can help predict the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment among advanced NSCLC patients harboring them. However, survival varies among individuals harboring the same mutation after targeted therapy. This study aimed to investigate the value of serum tumor markers (STMs) and EGFR mutations in the prognostic assessment of progression-free survival (PFS) in advanced-stage EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Patients and Methods A retrospective clinical review was performed on 81 NSCLC patients harboring EGFR mutations and for whom STM data, measured before commencement of first‐line treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, were available. Associations among EGFR mutations, STMs, baseline clinical features, and PFS were analyzed. Kaplan−Meier method was used to plot survival curves, and Cox logistic regression models were used to identify independent prognostic factors. Results Exon 19 deletion (19-del) in EGFR, negative neuron-specific enolase (NSE), negative pro-gastrin-releasing peptide precursor (ProGRP) value, and “never smoking” status were significantly associated with improved PFS (P=0.007, P=0.001, P<0.001, and P<0.001, respectively). Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that 19-del in EGFR, never smoking, negative ProGRP value, and negative NSE were independent predictors of PFS. Conclusion This study demonstrated that 19-del in EGFR may predict longer PFS in advanced-stage EGFR-mutated NSCLC treated with TKIs. Additionally, longer PFS can be predicted by serum tumor markers with negative ProGRP value, negative NSE value before initial treatment, and “never smoking.” Therefore, in addition to the EGFR mutation type and smoking status, physicians can also prognosticate the PFS of tyrosine kinase inhibitors treatment according to the values of ProGRP and NSE before treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Dong
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University-Affiliated Chaohu Hospital, Hefei 238000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihao Tong
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University-Affiliated Chaohu Hospital, Hefei 238000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianfeng Shi
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University-Affiliated Chaohu Hospital, Hefei 238000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University-Affiliated Chaohu Hospital, Hefei 238000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Medical University-Affiliated Chaohu Hospital, Hefei 238000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenping Ji
- Department of Education, Anhui Medical University-Affiliated Chaohu Hospital, Hefei 238000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimian Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Huaian City Second People's Hospital, Huaian 223000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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97
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Lin TY, Hua WJ, Yeh H, Tseng AJ. Functional proteomic analysis reveals that fungal immunomodulatory protein reduced expressions of heat shock proteins correlates to apoptosis in lung cancer cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 80:153384. [PMID: 33113507 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ling Zhi-8 (LZ-8) and GMI are two fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs) with a similar structure and amino acid sequence and are respectively obtained from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma microsporum. They present the anti-cancer progression and metastasis. We previously demonstrated that LZ-8 reduces the tumor progression in lung cancer LLC1 cell-bearing mouse. However, it is unclear whether these FIPs induce changes in the protein expression profile in cancer cells and the mechanism for such a process is not defined. PURPOSE This study determines the changes in the proteomic profile for tumor lesions of LLC1 cell-bearing mouse received with LZ-8 and the potential mechanism for FIPs in anti-lung cancer cells. METHODS The proteomic profile of tumor lesions was determined using two-dimensional electrophoresis and a LTQ-OrbitrapXL mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). The biological processes and the signaling pathway enrichment analysis were performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The differentially expressed proteins were verified by Western blot. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Cell morphology was characterized using electron microscopy. Migration was detected using the Transwell assay. The apoptotic response was determined using Western blot and flow cytometry. RESULTS Obtained results showed that 21 proteins in the tumor lesions exhibited differential (2-fold change, p < 0.05) expression between PBS and LZ-8 treatment groups. LZ-8-induced changes in the proteomic profile that may relate to protein degradation pathways. Specifically, three heat shock proteins (HSPs), HSP60, 70 and 90, were significantly downregulated in tumor lesions of LLC1-bearing mouse received with LZ-8. Both LZ-8 and GMI reduced the protein levels for these HSPs in lung cancer cells. Functional studies showed that they inhibited cell migration but effectively induced apoptotic response in LLC1 cells in vitro. In addition, the inhibitors of HSP60 and HSP70 effectively inhibited cell migration and decreased cell viability of LLC1 cells. CONCLUSIONS LZ-8 induced changes in the proteomic profile of tumor lesions which may regulate the HSPs-related cell viability. Moreover, inhibition of HSPs may be related to the anti-lung cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Yi Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Jyun Hua
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Yeh
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Jung Tseng
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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98
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Kommineni N, Nottingham E, Bagde A, Patel N, Rishi AK, Dev SRS, Singh M. Role of nano-lipid formulation of CARP-1 mimetic, CFM-4.17 to improve systemic exposure and response in osimertinib resistant non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 158:172-184. [PMID: 33220423 PMCID: PMC7857068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND EGFR mutated NSCLCs have been shown to employ the use of CARP-1 in overriding the signaling inhibition of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (such as Osimertinib). CFM 4.17 is a CARP-1 inhibitor which has a promising role in overcoming Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) resistance when used as a pre-treatment through promoting apoptosis. Lack of solubility, hydrophobicity leading to poor systemic exposure are the limitations of CFM 4.17. This can be overcome by nano lipid-based formulation (NLPF) of CFM 4.17 which can enhance systemic exposure in preclinical animal models as well as improve therapeutic efficacy in drug-resistant cancer cell lines. METHODS Molecular docking simulation studies were performed for CFM 4.17. CFM 4.17-NLPF was formulated by melt dispersion technique and optimized using a Box-Behnken designed surface response methodology approach using Design Expert and MATLAB. In vitro, CFM 4.17 release studies were performed in simulated gastric fluids (SGF-pH-1.2) and simulated intestinal fluids (SIF- pH-6.8). Cell viability assays were performed with HCC827 and H1975 Osimertinib resistant and non-resistant cells in 2D and 3D culture models of Non-small cell lung cancer to determine the effects of CFM 4.17 pre-treatment in Osimertinib response. In vivo pharmacokinetics in rats were performed measuring the effects of NLPF on CFM 4.17 to improve the systemic exposure. RESULTS CFM 4.17 was well accommodated in the active pocket of the active site of human EGFR tyrosine kinase. CFM 4.17 NLPF was optimized with robust experimental design with particle size less than 300 nm and % entrapment efficiency of 92.3 ± 1.23. Sustained diffusion-based release of CFM 4.17 was observed from NLPF in SGF and SIFs with Peppas and Higuchi based release kinetics, respectively. CFM 4.17 pretreatment improved response by decreasing IC50 value by 2-fold when compared to single treatment Osimertinib in both 2D monolayer and 3D spheroid assays in HCC827 and H1975 Osimertinib resistant and non-resistant cells of Non-small cell lung cancer. There were no differences between CFM 4.17 NLPF and suspension in 2D monolayer culture pretreatments; however, The 3D culture assays showed that CFM 4.17 NLPF improved combination sensitivity. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that CFM 4.17 NLPF displayed higher AUCtot (2.9-fold) and Cmax (1.18-fold) as compared to free CFM 4.17. In contrast, the animal groups administered CFM 4.17 NLPF showed a 4.73-fold (in half-life) and a 3.07-fold increase (in MRT) when compared to equivalent dosed suspension. CONCLUSION We have successfully formulated CFM 4.17 NLPFs by robust RSM design approach displaying improved response through sensitizing cells to Osimertinib treatment as well as improving the oral bioavailability of CFM 4.17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagavendra Kommineni
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - Ebony Nottingham
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - Arvind Bagde
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - Nilkumar Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - Arun K Rishi
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Satyanarayan R S Dev
- Biological Systems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, United States.
| | - Mandip Singh
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States.
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99
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Jin JO, Lee GD, Nam SH, Lee TH, Kang DH, Yun JK, Lee PCW. Sequential ubiquitination of p53 by TRIM28, RLIM, and MDM2 in lung tumorigenesis. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:1790-1803. [PMID: 33328571 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00701-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing 28 (TRIM28) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase harboring multiple cellular functions. We found that the TRIM28 protein is frequently overexpressed in patients with lung cancer. The stable overexpression of TRIM28 in lung cancer cells and xenograft models significantly increased the proliferation, migration, and invasiveness, whereas knockdown of TRIM28 had the opposite effect. We further observed that TRIM28 regulates the ubiquitin ligases RLIM and MDM2 to target the p53 levels during lung tumorigenesis. These data provide new insights into lung cancer development and potential new therapeutic targets for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Dong Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Lung Cancer Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Nam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyeong Lee
- Lung Cancer Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Yun
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Lung Cancer Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Lung Cancer Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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100
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Song J, Wang L, Ng NN, Zhao M, Shi J, Wu N, Li W, Liu Z, Yeom KW, Tian J. Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model to Explore Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Response in Patients With Stage IV EGFR Variant-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2030442. [PMID: 33331920 PMCID: PMC7747022 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.30442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE An end-to-end efficacy evaluation approach for identifying progression risk after epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy in patients with stage IV EGFR variant-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is lacking. OBJECTIVE To propose a clinically applicable large-scale bidirectional generative adversarial network for predicting the efficacy of EGFR-TKI therapy in patients with NSCLC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This diagnostic/prognostic study enrolled 465 patients from January 1, 2010, to August 1, 2017, with follow-up from February 1, 2010, to June 1, 2020. A deep learning (DL) semantic signature to predict progression-free survival (PFS) was constructed in the training cohort, validated in 2 external validation and 2 control cohorts, and compared with the radiomics signature. EXPOSURES An end-to-end bidirectional generative adversarial network framework was designed to predict the progression risk in patients with NSCLC. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary end point was PFS, considering the time from the initiation of therapy to the date of recurrence, confirmed disease progression, or death. RESULTS A total of 342 patients with stage IV EGFR variant-positive NSCLC receiving EGFR-TKI therapy met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 145 patients from 2 of the hospitals (n = 117 and 28) formed a training cohort (mean [SD] age, 61 [11] years; 87 [60.0%] female), and the patients from 2 other hospitals comprised 2 external validation cohorts (validation cohort 1: n = 101; mean [SD] age, 57 [12] years; 60 [59.4%] female; and validation cohort 2: n = 96, mean [SD] age, 58 [9] years; 55 [57.3%] female). Fifty-six patients with advanced-stage EGFR variant-positive NSCLC (mean [SD] age, 52 [11] years; 26 [46.4%] female) and 67 patients with advanced-stage EGFR wild-type NSCLC (mean [SD] age, 54 [10] years; 10 [15.0%] female) who received first-line chemotherapy were included. A total of 90 (26%) receiving EGFR-TKI therapy with a high risk of rapid disease progression were identified (median [range] PFS, 7.3 [1.4-32.0] months in the training cohort, 5.0 [0.6-34.6] months in validation cohort 1, and 6.4 [1.8-20.1] months, in validation cohort 2) using the DL semantic signature.The PFS decreased by 36% (hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.30-3.49; P < .001) compared with that in other patients (median [range] PFS, 11.5 [1.5-64.2] months in the training cohort, 10.9 [1.1-50.5] in validation cohort 1, and 8.9 [0.8-40.6] months in validation cohort 2. No significant differences were observed when comparing the PFS of high-risk patients receiving EGFR-TKI therapy with the chemotherapy cohorts (median PFS, 6.9 vs 4.4 months; P = .08). In terms of predicting the tumor progression risk after EGFR-TKI therapy, clinical decisions based on the DL semantic signature led to better survival outcomes than those based on radiomics signature across all risk probabilities by the decision curve analysis. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This diagnostic/prognostic study provides a clinically applicable approach for identifying patients with stage IV EGFR variant-positive NSCLC who are not likely to benefit from EGFR-TKI therapy. The end-to-end DL-derived semantic features eliminated all manual interventions required while using previous radiomics methods and have a better prognostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangdian Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University. Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Medical Informatics, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Nathan Norton Ng
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Mingfang Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingyun Shi
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Wu
- National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zaiyi Liu
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kristen W. Yeom
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Jie Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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