51
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Neagu V, García BM, Rodríguez AM, Ferrusola CO, Bolaños JG, Fernández LG, Tapia J, Peña F. Determination of glutation peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities in canine seminal plasma and its relation with sperm quality and lipid peroxidation post thaw. Theriogenology 2011; 75:10-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Revised: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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52
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Rodriguez-Martinez H, Wallgren M. Advances in boar semen cryopreservation. Vet Med Int 2010; 2010:396181. [PMID: 20871820 PMCID: PMC2943120 DOI: 10.4061/2011/396181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper highlights aspects of the cryopreservation of boar semen, a species with particular large, fractionated ejaculates, and a cumbersome cryotechnology that had prevented its commercial application. With the dramatic increase of use of liquid pig semen for artificial breeding over the past decade, developments on cryopreservation alongside the routine use of stud boar semen for AI had been promoted. Recent advances in our laboratory, accommodating the best use of portions of the sperm-rich fraction of the ejaculate for cryopreservation of the sperm-peak portion (P1) and parallel use of the rest of the collected ejaculated spermatozoa, appears as a suitable commercial alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University (LiU), 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
- Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 75 007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Margareta Wallgren
- Division of Reproduction, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 75 007 Uppsala, Sweden
- Quality Genetics, Hörby, Sweden
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53
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Inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore reduces “apoptosis like” changes during cryopreservation of stallion spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2010; 74:458-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 11/22/2009] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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54
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Martínez-Pastor F, Mata-Campuzano M, Álvarez-Rodríguez M, Álvarez M, Anel L, De Paz P. Probes and Techniques for Sperm Evaluation by Flow Cytometry. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 45 Suppl 2:67-78. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01622.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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55
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Freezing dog semen in presence of the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene improves postthaw sperm membrane integrity. Theriogenology 2010; 73:645-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2009] [Revised: 07/29/2009] [Accepted: 10/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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56
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Saravia F, Wallgren M, Rodríguez-Martínez H. Freezing of boar semen can be simplified by handling a specific portion of the ejaculate with a shorter procedure and MiniFlatPack packaging. Anim Reprod Sci 2010; 117:279-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2009.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2008] [Revised: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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57
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Comparison of density gradient and single layer centrifugation of stallion spermatozoa: Yield, motility and survival. Equine Vet J 2010; 41:53-8. [DOI: 10.2746/042516408x322139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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58
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Domínguez-Rebolledo ÁE, Fernández-Santos MR, Bisbal A, Ros-Santaella JL, Ramón M, Carmona M, Martínez-Pastor F, Garde JJ. Improving the effect of incubation and oxidative stress on thawed spermatozoa from red deer by using different antioxidant treatments. Reprod Fertil Dev 2010; 22:856-70. [DOI: 10.1071/rd09197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants could improve sperm media, extending the viability of spermatozoa and protecting their DNA. The protective ability of lipoic acid, melatonin, Trolox and crocin was tested on red deer spermatozoa incubated at 37°C. Cryopreserved spermatozoa were thawed and incubated with 1 mM or 0.1 mM of each antioxidant, with or without oxidative stress (100 μM Fe2+). Motility (CASA), viability, mitochondrial membrane potential and acrosomal status were assessed. Lipoperoxidation (malondialdehyde production), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA status (TUNEL) were checked at 4 h. Incubation alone increased ROS and decreased motility. Oxidative stress intensified these effects, increasing lipoperoxidation and DNA damage. Lipoic acid had little protective effect, whereas 1 mM melatonin showed limited protection. Trolox lowered ROS and lipoperoxidation both in oxidised and non-oxidised samples. In oxidised samples, Trolox prevented DNA and acrosomal damage, and ameliorated motility. Crocin at 1 mM showed similar results to Trolox, but noticeably stimulated motility and had no effect on lipoperoxidation. In a second experiment, a broader range of crocin and melatonin concentrations were tested, confirming the effects of crocin (positive effects noticeable at 0.5–0.75 mM), but showing an increase in lipoperoxidation at 2 mM. Melatonin was increasingly effective at 2.5 and 5 mM (ROS, lipoperoxidation and DNA status). Crocin seems a promising new antioxidant, but its particular effects on sperm physiology must be further studied, especially the consequences of motility stimulation and confirming its effect on lipoperoxidation. Melatonin might be useful at relatively high concentrations, compared to Trolox.
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59
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Macías García B, Morrell J, Ortega-Ferrusola C, González-Fernández L, Tapia J, Rodriguez-Martínez H, Peña F. Centrifugation on a single layer of colloid selects improved quality spermatozoa from frozen-thawed stallion semen. Anim Reprod Sci 2009; 114:193-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2008] [Revised: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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60
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Fernández-Santos MR, Domínguez-Rebolledo AE, Esteso MC, Garde JJ, Martínez-Pastor F. Catalase supplementation on thawed bull spermatozoa abolishes the detrimental effect of oxidative stress on motility and DNA integrity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 32:353-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2008.00871.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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61
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Activated caspases are present in frozen-thawed canine sperm and may be related to post thaw sperm quality. ZYGOTE 2009; 17:297-305. [PMID: 19416559 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199409005401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe identification of early changes in the sperm plasmalemma is currently a factor in the improvement of freezing protocols. We analysed the presence of active caspases in freeze-thawed (FT) dog spermatozoa, and evaluated straws from eight dogs using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy with fluorescein isothyocyanate-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone (FITC-VAD-fmk) combined with ethidum homodimers. Apoptotic-like changes were evaluated using the YO-PRO-1/ethidium homodimer combination, and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were monitored with JC-1. Sperm motility post-thaw was evaluated using a CASA system. FITC-VAD-fmk stained sperm cells in situ and the subcellular labelling pattern was consistent with known localization of caspases. On average, a high proportion of FT canine sperm showed caspase activity, ranging from 30.2 to 70.7% of the live sperm compared with 7.3 to 24.0% in dead spermatozoa. This observed differentiation between caspase activity in dead and live spermatozoa may be a simple method to disclose subtle differences in sperm quality, since this staining allowed us to find statistically significant differences among dogs. Notably, the sperm sample with overall better results in all sperm parameters studied after thawing had a lower percentage of active caspases in both dead and live spermatozoa.
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62
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Ortega Ferrusola C, González Fernández L, Morrell JM, Salazar Sandoval C, Macías García B, Rodríguez-Martinez H, Tapia JA, Peña FJ. Lipid peroxidation, assessed with BODIPY-C11, increases after cryopreservation of stallion spermatozoa, is stallion-dependent and is related to apoptotic-like changes. Reproduction 2009; 138:55-63. [PMID: 19380427 DOI: 10.1530/rep-08-0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation (LPO) of stallion spermatozoa was assessed in fresh semen and in samples of the same ejaculates after freezing and thawing. Particular attention was paid to individual differences in the susceptibility to LPO and its possible relationship with freezability. Innate levels of LPO were very low in fresh spermatozoa but increased after thawing, a change that was largely stallion-dependent. The level of LPO in fresh spermatozoa was not correlated with that of the thawed spermatozoa. Negative correlations existed between LPO and intact membranes post-thaw (r=-0.789, P<0.001), and also between LPO and spermatozoa with high mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim) post-thaw (r=-0.689, P<0.001). LPO was also highly and significantly correlated with caspase activity. The correlation between caspase activity in ethidium positive cells and LPO was r=0.772, P<0.001. This LPO is unlikely to represent, per se, a sign of cryopreservation-induced injury, but it is apparently capable of triggering 'apoptotic-like changes' that could result in the sub-lethal cryodamage often seen among surviving spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ortega Ferrusola
- Section of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Spermatology, Department of Herd Health and Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Avda de la Universidad s/n, Cáceres 10071, Spain
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63
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Effect of α-tocopherol supplementation during boar semen cryopreservation on sperm characteristics and expression of apoptosis related genes. Cryobiology 2009; 58:181-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2007] [Revised: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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64
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Saravia F, Wallgren M, Johannisson A, Calvete J, Sanz L, Peña F, Roca J, Rodríguez-Martínez H. Exposure to the seminal plasma of different portions of the boar ejaculate modulates the survival of spermatozoa cryopreserved in MiniFlatPacks. Theriogenology 2009; 71:662-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 09/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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65
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Rhodiola sacra aqueous extract (RSAE) improves biochemical and sperm characteristics in cryopreserved boar semen. Theriogenology 2009; 71:849-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Revised: 09/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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66
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Effect of antioxidant supplementation of cryopreservation medium on post-thaw integrity of human spermatozoa. Reprod Biomed Online 2009; 18:184-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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67
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Peña FJ, Rodríguez Martínez H, Tapia JA, Ortega Ferrusola C, González Fernández L, Macías García B. Mitochondria in mammalian sperm physiology and pathology: a review. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 44:345-9. [PMID: 19144010 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
While, for a long time, the role of mitochondria in sperm physiology and pathology has been largely ignored, recent research points out the mitochondria as a major organelle with key roles in sperm function both under physiological and biotechnological conditions. This paper briefly reviews these novel findings regarding the role of mitochondria in sperm, paying special attention to the most practical, readily applicable, aspects of the topic such as their role as a major source of the sublethal damage that sperm experiments after cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Peña
- Laboratory of Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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68
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Großfeld R, Sieg B, Struckmann C, Frenzel A, Maxwell W, Rath D. New aspects of boar semen freezing strategies. Theriogenology 2008; 70:1225-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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69
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Ortega-Ferrusola C, García BM, Gallardo-Bolaños JM, González-Fernández L, Rodríguez-Martinez H, Tapia JA, Peña FJ. Apoptotic markers can be used to forecast the freezeability of stallion spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci 2008; 114:393-403. [PMID: 19019584 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Revised: 06/04/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to identify valuable markers for potential freezeability of the equine spermatozoa, three ejaculates were collected from five Andalusian stallions and frozen using a standard protocol. Before freezing, three apoptotic cell markers were studied by flow cytometry (early changes in sperm membranes, mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase activity). Post-thaw, spermatozoa were again evaluated for these parameters. Sperm kinematics using CASA were also studied before and after freezing and thawing. Receiving operating system curves were used to evaluate the relative value of the apoptotic markers herein studied, as forecast for potential freezeability. From all parameters studied, the outcome of JC-1 (as proportion of spermatozoa showing simultaneously orange and green fluorescence) had the highest diagnostic power. For potentially bad freezers (less than 25% of intact spermatozoa post-thaw), the significant area under the ROC-curve was 0.985, with a 100% sensitivity and 99.8% specificity for a cut off value of 55.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ortega-Ferrusola
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Laboratory of Spermatology University of Extremadura, Avd de la Universidad s/n, Cáceres, Spain
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70
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Rodríguez-Martínez H, Saravia F, Wallgren M, Roca J, Peña FJ. Influence of seminal plasma on the kinematics of boar spermatozoa during freezing. Theriogenology 2008; 70:1242-50. [PMID: 18639331 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sperm motility is, for its relation to cell viability and fertility, a central component of the spermiogram, where consideration of motion patterns allows discrimination of sub-populations among boar spermatozoa. Extension and cryo-preservation imposes changes in these patterns in connection to handling, additives, temperature changes and the removal of boar seminal plasma (BSP) which apparently makes spermatozoa susceptible to oxidative stress, thus affecting survival and motility post-thaw. Detailed kinematic analyses during sperm cooling are sparse, particularly when considering the instrumentation and settings used for analyses, the effect of extenders, and of the BSP the processed spermatozoa are exposed to. Spermatozoa present in the first collectable 10mL of the sperm-rich fraction of the ejaculate (portion 1, P1-BSP), have shown an increased ability to sustain motility during and after cryo-preservation than spermatozoa immersed in the rest of the ejaculate (portion 2, P2). When P2-spermatozoa were cleansed from their BSP and exposed for 60min to pooled P1-BSP, their motility post-thaw increased to similar levels as P1-spermatozoa. This BSP-influence is sire-dependent, presumably related to the protein concentration in the different ejaculate portions, and apparently unrelated to changes in membrane integrity or membrane stability through conventional, controlled cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rodríguez-Martínez
- Division of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, SLU, Uppsala, Sweden.
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71
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Moran J, Madejón L, Ortega Ferrusola C, Peña F. Nitric oxide induces caspase activity in boar spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2008; 70:91-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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72
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Abstract
Thanks to the increasing use of flow cytometry in research in veterinary spermatology, many new membrane integrity assays have been developed over the past decade. These assays are important because of their superior ability to forecast fertility when compared with other tests, such as sperm motility. This major component of the sperm quality assessment has generated new investigations with the aim of developing tests that can detect membrane damage in a very early state. Using phospholipid transposition tests, early changes in membrane permeability and fluidity can be assessed in a large number of spermatozoa using fluorescent probes in combination with flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Pena
- Department of Herd Health and Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Avd de la Universidad s/n, Caceres 10071, Spain.
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73
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Saravia F, Hernández M, Wallgren M, Johannisson A, Rodríguez-Martínez H. Controlled cooling during semen cryopreservation does not induce capacitation of spermatozoa from two portions of the boar ejaculate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 30:485-99. [PMID: 17651408 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2006.00741.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation imposes dramatic changes in boar sperm survivability but it is as yet unclear which part of the process affects the spermatozoa the most. The present study monitored, along the entire process of cryopreservation, the stability (PMS) of the architecture of the lipid plasma membrane and its integrity (PMI), as well as the kinetics of the processed spermatozoa using two portions from the boar ejaculate (P1 = the first 10 mL of the sperm-rich fraction, SRF; P2 = the rest of the ejaculate), frozen in a recently developed package, the MiniFlatPack (MFPs, 0.5 x 10(9) sperm/dose). Evaluation was made at four specific stages, viz. S1 = after collection (suspended in Beltsville thawing solution, BTS); S2 = at 15 degrees C (suspended in lactose-egg yolk, LEY); S3 = at 5 degrees C (suspended in LEY plus glycerol); and S4 = post-thaw. Both sperm kinetics (using computer-assisted sperm analysis, CASA) and PMS [i.e. the degree of lipid disorder and of the exteriorization of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the plasma membrane, measured by flow cytometry using Merocyanine-540 (M-540), and Annexin-V (AV) respectively], as well as plasma membrane integrity [PMI, i.e. the degree of membrane damage, measured using Yo-Pro-1 or propidium iodide (PI)] were assessed after incubation in BTS at 38 degrees C. Moreover, spermatozoa were challenged by incubation in modified Brackett-Oliphant medium (mBO+) with 37 mm of bicarbonate at 38 degrees C for 30 min, and their PMS and PMI further explored. Total sperm motility was significantly higher in P1 than in P2 along the entire process (S1-S4; p < 0.01), decreasing significantly at S4 for both fractions (p < 0.0001). The proportion of spermatozoa showing linear motility (LinM) was similar between ejaculate portions (P1 and P2), with a significant increase post-thaw (S4; p < 0.0001). During cooling (S1-S3) but not post-thaw (S4), lateral head displacement (LHD) differed between portions and changed along the stages (p < 0.01). Sperm velocity differed between portions in S1 (p < 0.01), but remained similar, independently of the portion, thereafter (S2-S4). Both PMS and the total number of live spermatozoa remained similar between S1 and S3 while incubated in BTS for both ejaculate portions. Sperm mortality increased post-thaw (S4) in both portions but the degree of lipid disorder remained low in the live cells (1.28% for P1; 1.55% for P2). Exposure to mBO+, on the other hand, significantly increased membrane lipid disorder along cooling (S1-S3; p < 0.0001), increasing the percentages of dead spermatozoa, especially post-thaw (around 70%, both portions). PS-exteriorization (AV) was not evident along the cryopreservation process in control (BTS) samples and exposure to mBO+ only induced minor variations. The data showed that kinetics, PMS and PMI of boar spermatozoa suspended in BTS (S1), LEY (S2) or LEY plus glycerol (S3) were maintained during controlled cooling but were altered by thawing, showing more characteristics of cell injury than of sperm capacitation. The spermatozoa were able to capacitate but the bicarbonate challenge destabilized the plasma membrane during initial cooling and accelerated membrane changes post-thaw. We conclude that capacitation of boar spermatozoa does not occur during controlled cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Saravia
- Division of Comparative Reproduction, Obstetrics and Udder Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
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74
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Satorre MM, Breininger E, Beconi MT, Beorlegui NB. α-Tocopherol modifies tyrosine phosphorylation and capacitation-like state of cryopreserved porcine sperm. Theriogenology 2007; 68:958-65. [PMID: 17765961 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2007] [Accepted: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to membrane destabilization, which induces capacitation-like changes, increases protein tyrosine phosphorylation, and decreases their fertilizing ability. alpha-Tocopherol, a lipid peroxidation inhibitor, preserves the functionality of cryopreserved porcine sperm. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of alpha-tocopherol on sperm quality parameters as well as capacitation-like changes and modifications in protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Boar sperm frozen with or without 200 microg/mL of alpha-tocopherol were thawed and maintained at 37 degrees C for 10 min in BTS. Routine parameters of semen quality were evaluated by optical microscopy and membrane changes were determined by the epifluorescence chlortetracycline technique. Changes in protein tyrosine phosphorylation were examined using a specific anti-phosphotyrosine monoclonal antibody. Motility was higher (18%, P<0.05) in semen with alpha-tocopherol. Viability did not differ (P>0.05) between treatments. However, there was less (P<0.05) capacitation-like changes in semen with alpha-tocopherol compared to control samples. A MW 32 kDa tyrosine-phosphorylated protein was detected in extracts of cryopreserved sperm; the intensity of immunostaining was lower in semen containing alpha-tocopherol compared to the control (0.211+/-0.030 versus 0.441+/-0.034 arbitrary units). Additionally, this band was not detected in fresh sperm. The addition of alpha-tocopherol to the extender prior to cryopreservation of boar semen protected sperm membranes against oxidative damage and reduced both tyrosine phosphorylation and the capacitation-like state.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Satorre
- Area of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Chorroarín 280, C1427CWO, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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75
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Fernández-Santos MR, Martínez-Pastor F, García-Macías V, Esteso MC, Soler AJ, de Paz P, Anel L, Garde JJ. Extender osmolality and sugar supplementation exert a complex effect on the cryopreservation of Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) epididymal spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2007; 67:738-53. [PMID: 17140651 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2006] [Revised: 09/30/2006] [Accepted: 10/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We have carried out two experiments to study the cryobiology of red deer epididymal spermatozoa and to improve freezing extenders: (1) effect of extender (Tris-citrate-fructose) osmolality (300-600 mOsm/kg), and (2) effect of sugar (0.4M) supplementation to the extender (no sugar, glucose, fructose, mannose, sucrose, maltose, threalose and raffinose). Sperm quality was assessed pre-freezing, post-thawing, and after 2h at 37 degrees C post-thawing: sperm motility index (SMI), acrosome integrity and membrane integrity (HOS test) were assessed subjectively; mitochondrial activity (JC-1) and membrane stability (merocyanine 540) were assessed by flow cytometry. In experiment 2, DNA status was assessed using acridine orange and flow cytometry. To find an optimal osmolality, we fitted the data to a quadratic curve. Four hundred Osmolal per kilogram rendered better results pre-freezing and post-thawing. However, post-thawing viability and most parameters after 2h incubation fitted a linear model. Osmolalities above 425 mOsm/kg were deleterious (P<0.05). In experiment 2, fructose had a positive effect respect to control after 2h of incubation at 37 degrees C post-thawing. Di and trisaccharides were deleterious. Trehalose showed impaired DNA status after 2h incubation. In conclusion, the osmolality of the extenders should be around 400 mOsm/kg, although the change from quadratic to lineal may indicate a complex effect that must be further studied. Monosaccharides may enhance red deer epididymal sperm cryopreservation, especially fructose, whereas di and trisaccharides may not be adequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Fernández-Santos
- Grupo de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), UCLM-CSIC-JCCM, 02071 Albacete, Spain
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76
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Peña FJ, Saravia F, Núñez-Martínez I, Johannisson A, Wallgren M, Rodriguez Martinez H. Do different portions of the boar ejaculate vary in their ability to sustain cryopreservation? Anim Reprod Sci 2006; 93:101-13. [PMID: 16084673 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2005] [Revised: 06/29/2005] [Accepted: 06/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown sperm quality post-cryopreservation differs depending on the fraction of the seminal plasma boar spermatozoa are fortuitously contained in. As such, spermatozoa contained in the first 10 mL of the sperm-rich fraction (portion I) have better sustained handling procedures (extension, handling and freezing/thawing) than those contained in the ulterior part of a fractionated ejaculate (second portion of the sperm-rich fraction and the post-spermatic fraction, portion II). However, those studies were performed using pooled samples. In the present study, individual ejaculates were used. Split ejaculates (portions I and II) from five boars were frozen and thawed using a conventional freezing protocol, followed by computer-assisted motility and morphology analysis (CASA and ASMA, respectively), as well as an Annexin-V assay for spermatozoa from each boar and ejaculate portion. Significant differences between portions were observed in all ASMA-derived variables, except in one boar. Also significant differences were observed between boars and ejaculate portions in sperm quality post-thaw. We identified, however, boars showing best results of motility and sperm membrane integrity post-thaw in portion I, while in other boar the best results was observed in portion II. It is concluded that the identification of the ejaculate portion more suitable to sustain cryopreservation in each individual boar may be a readily applicable and easy technique to diminish variation in sperm freezability among boars.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Peña
- Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, Avda de la Universidad s/n, 10071 Cáceres, Spain.
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77
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Drouineaud V, Lagrost L, Klein A, Desrumaux C, Le Guern N, Athias A, Ménétrier F, Moiroux P, Sagot P, Jimenez C, Masson D, Deckert V. Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) deficiency reduces sperm motility and impairs fertility of mouse males. FASEB J 2006; 20:794-6. [PMID: 16467369 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-5385fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E was discovered for its implication in reproductive biology, and its transport in mammalian plasma and brain was shown to be governed by plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP). We show that PLTP deficiency is associated with hypofertility of mouse males but not mouse females, and it accounts for a significant decrease in total number of pups produced over a 2-month breeding period of PLTP knocked out mice (-32%, P<0.03). PLTP is highly expressed in epididymis of mouse males, and alpha-tocopherol, the main vitamin E isomer in vivo, was significantly less abundant in cauda and caput epididymis of PLTP-deficient mice as compared with wild-type counterparts (caput: -26%, P<0.05; cauda: -21%, P<0.05). Mature spermatozoa from PLTP-deficient epididymis were shown to retain an abnormal alpha-tocopherol content. PLTP deficiency tended to reduce sperm motility as shown by a 24% reduction in spermatozoa with progressive motility (P<0.02), with no change in other sperm parameters as compared with wild-type males. Finally, in vitro fertilization rates of wild-type oocytes with spermatozoa from PLTP-deficient males were markedly reduced as compared with those measured with spermatozoa from wild-type males (-60%, P<0.05). It is concluded that PLTP is a new, key factor that determines sperm motility and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Drouineaud
- Laboratoire de Biologie de la Reproduction, EA Génétique et Reproduction 3185, CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
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78
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Peña FJ, Saravia F, Johannisson A, Wallgren M, Rodríguez-Martínez H. Detection of early changes in sperm membrane integrity pre-freezing can estimate post-thaw quality of boar spermatozoa. Anim Reprod Sci 2006; 97:74-83. [PMID: 16464543 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2005] [Revised: 12/13/2005] [Accepted: 12/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A recently developed triple staining (SNARF-1/YO-PRO-1/ethidium homodimer) was used to assess early changes in boar sperm membrane integrity (MI) with the results of cryopreservation procedures and to seek for correlations among MI-spermatozoa in pre-freeze semen and its freezeability. Ejaculates from five boars were evaluated in the fresh and frozen-thawed (FT) state, and its freezeability defined as % of membrane intactness, MI% (MI%=% of FT-spermatozoa with intact membranes x 100 divided by the % of pre-freeze spermatozoa with intact membranes) estimated. Significant differences were found among boars for freezeability (MI%) and motility post-thaw (%). Interestingly, significant correlations were found between the percentage of YO-PRO-1-positive spermatozoa and freezeability (R=0.440, p<0.01), indicating this new triple staining can be used to safely disclose among ejaculates prior to freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Peña
- Section of Animal Reproduction, Department of Herd Health and Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, Avd. de la Universidad s/n, 10071 Cáceres, Spain.
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79
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Galantino-Homer HL, Zeng WX, Megee SO, Dallmeyer M, Voelkl D, Dobrinski I. Effects of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and cholesterol on porcine sperm viability and capacitation status following cold shock or incubation. Mol Reprod Dev 2006; 73:638-50. [PMID: 16450405 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Porcine sperm are extremely sensitive to the damaging effects of cold shock. It has been shown that cholesterol-binding molecules, such as 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HBCD), improve post-cooling porcine sperm viability when added to an egg yolk-based extender, but also enhance sperm capacitation in other species. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of HBCD and cholesterol 3-sulfate (ChS) on porcine sperm viability and capacitation following cold shock or incubation under conditions that support capacitation using a defined medium. We report here that porcine sperm incubated in medium containing both HBCD and ChS have significantly improved viability following cold shock (10 min at 10 degrees C) when compared to sperm incubated without HBCD or ChS, or with either component alone. Treatment with HBCD plus ChS also completely inhibited the increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation induced by the cold shock treatment or by incubation for 3 hr under conditions that support capacitation. Two assays of sperm capacitation, the rate of calcium ionophore-induced acrosome reactions and chlortetracycline (CTC) staining, were not significantly altered by HBCD and ChS following cold shock. However, 3-hr incubation with HBCD plus ChS or with 1 mM ChS alone decreased the percentage of sperm undergoing the induced acrosome reaction without significantly affecting viability when compared to the control. These results indicate that the manipulation of sperm plasma membrane cholesterol content affects porcine sperm viability and capacitation status and could therefore be useful to protect sperm from cold shock during cryopreservation by improving viability without promoting premature capacitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L Galantino-Homer
- Department of Clinical Studies, Center for Animal Transgenesis and Germ Cell Research, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
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