51
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Cuartero M, Acres RG, Bradley J, Jarolimova Z, Wang L, Bakker E, Crespo GA, De Marco R. Electrochemical Mechanism of Ferrocene-Based Redox Molecules in Thin Film Membrane Electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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52
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He N, Papp S, Lindfors T, Höfler L, Latonen RM, Gyurcsányi RE. Pre-Polarized Hydrophobic Conducting Polymer Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes with Improved Potential Reproducibility. Anal Chem 2017; 89:2598-2605. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning He
- Åbo Akademi University, Johan Gadolin Process
Chemistry Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Laboratory of
Analytical Chemistry, Biskopsgatan 8, FIN-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Soma Papp
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, MTA-BME “Lendület”
Chemical Nanosensors Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szt. Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tom Lindfors
- Åbo Akademi University, Johan Gadolin Process
Chemistry Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Laboratory of
Analytical Chemistry, Biskopsgatan 8, FIN-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Lajos Höfler
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szt. Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rose-Marie Latonen
- Åbo Akademi University, Johan Gadolin Process
Chemistry Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Laboratory of
Analytical Chemistry, Biskopsgatan 8, FIN-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
| | - Róbert E. Gyurcsányi
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, MTA-BME “Lendület”
Chemical Nanosensors Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szt. Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
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53
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Kou L, Fu M, Liang R. Solid-contact Ca2+-selective electrodes based on two-dimensional black phosphorus as ion-to-electron transducers. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07743b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A solid-contact Ca2+-selective electrode with two-dimensional black phosphorus as the solid contact was developed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Kou
- School of Enology
- Binzhou Medical University
- Yantai
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
| | - Minglang Fu
- School of Enology
- Binzhou Medical University
- Yantai
- P. R. China
| | - Rongning Liang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes
- YICCAS
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54
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Bieg C, Fuchsberger K, Stelzle M. Introduction to polymer-based solid-contact ion-selective electrodes—basic concepts, practical considerations, and current research topics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 409:45-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9945-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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55
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Antonio JL, Höfler L, Lindfors T, Córdoba de Torresi SI. Electrocontrolled Swelling and Water Uptake of a Three-Dimensional Conducting Polypyrrole Hydrogel. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jadielson L. Antonio
- Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo. C.P.; 26077.05513-970 São Paulo Brazil
| | - Lajos Höfler
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Szt. Gellért tér 4 H-1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - Tom Lindfors
- Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry; Biskopsgatan 8 FIN-20500 Turku Finland
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56
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Poly(3-octylthiophene) as solid contact for ion-selective electrodes: contradictions and possibilities. J Solid State Electrochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3340-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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57
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Mendecki L, Chen X, Callan N, Thompson DF, Schazmann B, Granados-Focil S, Radu A. Simple, Robust, and Plasticizer-Free Iodide-Selective Sensor Based on Copolymerized Triazole-Based Ionic Liquid. Anal Chem 2016; 88:4311-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Mendecki
- Lennard-Jones
Laboratories, Birchall Centre, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaorui Chen
- Sackler
Sciences Center, Department of Chemistry, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, United States
| | - Nicole Callan
- School of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - David F. Thompson
- Lennard-Jones
Laboratories, Birchall Centre, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Schazmann
- School of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Sergio Granados-Focil
- Sackler
Sciences Center, Department of Chemistry, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, United States
| | - Aleksandar Radu
- Lennard-Jones
Laboratories, Birchall Centre, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
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58
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Selective phosphate sensing using copper monoamino-phthalocyanine functionalized acrylate polymer-based solid-state electrode for FIA of environmental waters. J Solid State Electrochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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59
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Hu J, Stein A, Bühlmann P. Rational design of all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes and reference electrodes. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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60
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Dai XH, Zhang J, Pang XJ, Zhou JP, Liu GZ, Zhang SY. Ferrocene-enhanced polyvinyl chloride-coated electrode for the potentiometric detection of total residual chlorine in simulated ballast water. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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61
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Jaworska E, Maksymiuk K, Michalska A. Optimizing Carbon Nanotubes Dispersing Agents from the Point of View of Ion-selective Membrane Based Sensors Performance - Introducing Carboxymethylcellulose as Dispersing Agent for Carbon Nanotubes Based Solid Contacts. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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62
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63
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Mahmoud AM, Abd El-Rahman MK, Elghobashy MR, Rezk MR. Carbon nanotubes versus polyaniline nanoparticles; which transducer offers more opportunities for designing a stable solid contact ion-selective electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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64
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Yuan D, Anthis AHC, Ghahraman Afshar M, Pankratova N, Cuartero M, Crespo GA, Bakker E. All-solid-state potentiometric sensors with a multiwalled carbon nanotube inner transducing layer for anion detection in environmental samples. Anal Chem 2015; 87:8640-5. [PMID: 26272001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
While ion to electron transducing layers for the fabrication of potentiometric membrane electrodes for the detection of cations have been well established, similar progress for the sensing of anions has not yet been realized. We report for this reason on a novel approach for the development of all-solid-state anion selective electrodes using lipophilic multiwalled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) as the inner ion to electron transducing layer. This material can be solvent cast, as it conveniently dissolves in tetrahydrofuran (THF), an important advantage to develop uniform films without the need for using surfactants that might deteriorate the performance of the electrode. Solid contact sensors for carbonate, nitrate, nitrite, and dihydrogen phosphate are fabricated and characterized, and all exhibit comparable analytical characteristics to the inner liquid electrodes. For example, the carbonate sensor exhibits a Nernstian slope of 27.2 ± 0.8 mV·dec(-1), a LOD = 2.3 μM, a response time of 1 s, a linear range of four logarithmic units, and a medium-term stability of 0.04 mV·h(-1) is obtained in a pH 8.6 buffered solution. Water layer test, reversibility, and selectivity for chloride, nitrate, and hydroxide are also reported. The excellent properties of f-MWCNTs as a transducer are contrasted to the deficient performance of poly(3-octyl-thiophene) (POT) for carbonate detection. This is evidenced both with a significant drift in the potentiometric measures as well as a pronounced sensitivity to light (either sunlight or artificial light). This latter aspect may compromise its potential for environmental in situ measurements (night/day cycles). The concentration of carbonate is determined in a river sample (Arve river, Geneva) and compared to a reference method (automatic titrator with potentiometric pH detection). The results suggest that nanostructured materials such as f-MWCNTs are an attractive platform as a general ion-to-electron transducer for anion-selective electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajing Yuan
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva , Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre H C Anthis
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva , Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Majid Ghahraman Afshar
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva , Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadezda Pankratova
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva , Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Cuartero
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva , Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gastón A Crespo
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva , Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva , Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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65
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Application of Photocured Polymer Ion Selective Membranes for Solid-State Chemical Sensors. CHEMOSENSORS 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors3020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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66
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Li J, Yin T, Qin W. An all-solid-state polymeric membrane Pb2+-selective electrode with bimodal pore C60 as solid contact. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 876:49-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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67
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Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes (ISEs) based on Ligand Functionalised Gold Nanoparticles. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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68
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A simple approach for fabricating solid-contact ion-selective electrodes using nanomaterials as transducers. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 853:291-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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69
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Ye J, Li F, Gan S, Jiang Y, An Q, Zhang Q, Niu L. Using sp2-C dominant porous carbon sub-micrometer spheres as solid transducers in ion-selective electrodes. Electrochem commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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70
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Chester R, Sohail M, Ogden MI, Mocerino M, Pretsch E, De Marco R. A calixarene-based ion-selective electrode for thallium(I) detection. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 851:78-86. [PMID: 25440668 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Three new calixarene Tl(+) ionophores have been utilized in Tl(+) ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) yielding Nernstian response in the concentration range of 10(-2)-10(-6)M TlNO3 with a non-optimized filling solution in a conventional liquid contact ISE configuration. The complex formation constants (logβIL) for two of the calixarene derivatives with thallium(I) (i.e. 6.44 and 5.85) were measured using the sandwich membrane technique, with the other ionophore immeasurable due to eventual precipitation of the ionophore during these long-term experiments. Furthermore, the unbiased selectivity coefficients for these ionophores displayed excellent selectivity against Zn(2+), Ca(2+), Ba(2+), Cu(2+), Cd(2+) and Al(3+) with moderate selectivity against Pb(2+), Li(+), Na(+), H(+), K(+), NH4(+) and Cs(+), noting that silver was the only significant interferent with these calixarene-based ionophores. When optimizing the filling solution in a liquid contact ISE, it was possible to achieve a lower limit of detection of approximately 8nM according to the IUPAC definition. Last, the new ionophores were also evaluated in four solid-contact (SC) designs leading to Nernstian response, with the best response noted with a SC electrode utilizing a gold substrate, a poly(3-octylthiophene) (POT) ion-to-electron transducer and a poly(methyl methacrylate)-poly(decyl methacrylate) (PMMA-PDMA) co-polymer membrane. This electrode exhibited a slope of 58.4mVdecade(-1) and a lower detection limit of 30.2nM. Due to the presence of an undesirable water layer and/or leaching of redox mediator from the graphite redox buffered SC, a coated wire electrode on gold and graphite redox buffered SC yielded grossly inferior detection limits against the polypyrrole/PVC SC and POT/PMMA-PDMA SC ISEs that did not display signs of a water layer or leaching of SC ingredients into the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Chester
- Nanochemistry Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Manzar Sohail
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4556, Australia
| | - Mark I Ogden
- Nanochemistry Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Mauro Mocerino
- Nanochemistry Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Ernö Pretsch
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP), Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Roland De Marco
- Nanochemistry Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia; Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4556, Australia.
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71
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Mensah ST, Gonzalez Y, Calvo-Marzal P, Chumbimuni-Torres KY. Nanomolar Detection Limits of Cd2+, Ag+, and K+ Using Paper-Strip Ion-Selective Electrodes. Anal Chem 2014; 86:7269-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ac501470p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha T. Mensah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
| | - Yessenia Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
| | - Percy Calvo-Marzal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
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72
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Zuliani C, Matzeu G, Diamond D. A liquid-junction-free reference electrode based on a PEDOT solid-contact and ionogel capping membrane. Talanta 2014; 125:58-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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73
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Taryba MG, Lamaka SV. Plasticizer-free solid-contact pH-selective microelectrode for visualization of local corrosion. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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74
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Abstract
Here we review the recent applications of ion transfer (IT) at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) for electrochemical sensing and imaging. In particular, we focus on the development and recent applications of the nanopipet-supported ITIES and double-polymer-modified electrode, which enable the dynamic electrochemical measurements of IT at nanoscopic and macroscopic ITIES, respectively. High-quality IT voltammograms are obtainable using either technique to quantitatively assess the kinetics and dynamic mechanism of IT at the ITIES. Nanopipet-supported ITIES serves as an amperometric tip for scanning electrochemical microscopy to allow for unprecedentedly high-resolution electrochemical imaging. Voltammetric ion sensing at double-polymer-modified electrodes offers high sensitivity and unique multiple-ion selectivity. The promising future applications of these dynamic approaches for bioanalysis and electrochemical imaging are also discussed.
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75
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Veder JP, De Marco R, Patel K, Si P, Grygolowicz-Pawlak E, James M, Alam MT, Sohail M, Lee J, Pretsch E, Bakker E. Evidence for a surface confined ion-to-electron transduction reaction in solid-contact ion-selective electrodes based on poly(3-octylthiophene). Anal Chem 2013; 85:10495-502. [PMID: 24080025 DOI: 10.1021/ac4024999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ion-to-electron transduction reaction mechanism at the buried interface of the electrosynthesized poly(3-octylthiophene) (POT) solid-contact (SC) ion-selective electrode (ISE) polymeric membrane has been studied using synchrotron radiation-X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SR-XPS), near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)/neutron reflectometry (NR). The tetrakis[3,5-bis(triflouromethyl)phenyl]borate (TFPB(-)) membrane dopant in the polymer ISE was transferred from the polymeric membrane to the outer surface layer of the SC on oxidation of POT but did not migrate further into the oxidized POT SC. The TFPB(-) and oxidized POT species could only be detected at the outer surface layer (≤14 Ǻ) of the SC material, even after oxidation of the electropolymerized POT SC for an hour at high anodic potential demonstrating that the ion-to-electron transduction reaction is a surface confined process. Accordingly, this study provides the first direct structural evidence of ion-to-electron transduction in the electropolymerized POT SC ISE by proving TFPB(-) transport from the polymeric ISE membrane to the oxidized POT SC at the buried interface of the SC ISE. It is inferred that the performance of the POT SC ISE is independent of the thickness of the POT SC but is instead contingent on the POT SC surface reactivity and/or electrical capacitance of the POT SC. In particular, the results suggest that the electropolymerized POT conducting polymer may spontaneously form a mixed surface/bulk oxidation state, which may explain the unusually high potential stability of the resulting ISE. It is anticipated that this new understanding of ion-to-electron transduction with electropolymerized POT SC ISEs will enable the development of new and improved devices with enhanced analytical performance attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Veder
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University , GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6109, Australia
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76
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Zou XU, Cheong JH, Taitt BJ, Bühlmann P. Solid contact ion-selective electrodes with a well-controlled Co(II)/Co(III) redox buffer layer. Anal Chem 2013; 85:9350-5. [PMID: 24047234 DOI: 10.1021/ac4022117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Solid contact ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) typically have an intermediate layer between the ion-selective membrane and the underlying solid electron conductor that is designed to reduce the irreproducibility and instability of the measured electromotive force (emf). Nevertheless, the electrode-to-electrode reproducibility of the emf of current solid contact ISEs is widely considered to be unsatisfactory. To address this problem, we report here a new method of constructing this intermediate layer based on the lipophilic redox buffer consisting of the Co(III) and Co(II) complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline ([Co(phen)3](3+/2+)) paired with tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate as counterion. The resulting electrodes exhibit emf values with an electrode-to-electrode standard deviation as low as 1.7 mV after conditioning of freshly prepared electrodes for 1 h. While many prior examples of solid contact ISEs also used intermediate layers that contained redox active species, the selection of a balanced ratio of the reduced and oxidized species has typically been difficult and was often ignored, contributing to the emf irreproducibility. The ease of the control of the [Co(phen)3](3+)/[Co(phen)3](2+) ratio explains the high emf reproducibility, as confirmed by the emf decrease of 58 mV per 10-fold increase in the ratio of the reduced and oxidized redox buffer species. Use of a gold electrode modified with a self-assembled 1-hexanethiol monolayer as underlying electron conductor suppresses the formation of a water layer and results in an electrode-to-electrode standard deviation of E° of 1.0 mV after 2 weeks of exposure to KCl solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu U Zou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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77
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Veder JP, Patel K, Lee J, Alam MT, James M, Nelson A, De Marco R. Is ballistic transportation or quantum confinement responsible for changes in the electrical properties of thin polymer films? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:1364-8. [PMID: 23247387 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43333h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Resistivities of thin polymer films increase abruptly with decreasing thickness, although the corresponding decline in resistance plateaus below a certain thickness. One can jump to the incorrect conclusion that quantum confinement and surface scattering are responsible for this behaviour, and we highlight the pitfalls of committing such an error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Veder
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6109, Australia
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78
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Ping J, Wang Y, Ying Y, Wu J. Design and synthesis of a task-specific ionic liquid as a transducer in potentiometric sensors. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23367g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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79
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He N, Lindfors T. Determination of Water Uptake of Polymeric Ion-Selective Membranes with the Coulometric Karl Fischer and FT-IR-Attenuated Total Reflection Techniques. Anal Chem 2012; 85:1006-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3027838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning He
- Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of
Analytical Chemistry, Biskopsgatan 8, FIN-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
- The Graduate School of Chemical
Sensors and Microanalytical Systems, CHEMSEM, Finland
| | - Tom Lindfors
- Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of
Analytical Chemistry, Biskopsgatan 8, FIN-20500 Turku/Åbo, Finland
- Academy of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
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80
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Opportunities and challenges of using ion-selective electrodes in environmental monitoring and wearable sensors. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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81
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The influence of an intermediate layer on the composition stability of a polymeric ion-selective membrane. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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82
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Critical assessment of graphene as ion-to-electron transducer for all-solid-state potentiometric sensors. Talanta 2012; 97:414-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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83
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Anion selectivity at the aqueous/polymeric membrane interface: A streaming current study of potentiometric Hofmeister effect. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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84
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85
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Paczosa-Bator B. All-solid-state selective electrodes using carbon black. Talanta 2012; 93:424-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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86
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Veder JP, Patel K, Sohail M, Jiang SP, James M, De Marco R. An Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy/Neutron Reflectometry Study of Water Uptake in the Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(Styrene Sulfonate)/Polymethyl Methacrylate-Polydecyl Methacrylate Copolymer Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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87
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A solid-contact Pb2+-selective electrode using poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene) as ion-to-electron transducer. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 702:195-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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88
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Lindfors T, Sundfors F, Höfler L, Gyurcsányi RE. The Water Uptake of Plasticized Poly(vinyl chloride) Solid-Contact Calcium-Selective Electrodes. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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89
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Sundfors F, Höfler L, Gyurcsányi RE, Lindfors T. Influence of Poly(3-octylthiophene) on the Water Transport Through Methacrylic-Acrylic Based Polymer Membranes. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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90
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Ochoa GC, Aguilar-Cordero JC. Membrane Composition Effects on the Analytical Behavior of Solid Contact Potentiometric Pb2+ Selective Electrodes Based on Diazadibenzo-18-crown-6 Ionophores. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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91
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Lindfors T, Höfler L, Jágerszki G, Gyurcsányi RE. Hyphenated FT-IR-Attenuated Total Reflection and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Technique to Study the Water Uptake and Potential Stability of Polymeric Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes. Anal Chem 2011; 83:4902-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200597b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Lindfors
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo, Finland
- Academy of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lajos Höfler
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Gyula Jágerszki
- Research Group of Technical Analytical Chemistry of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary
| | - Róbert E. Gyurcsányi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary
- Research Group of Technical Analytical Chemistry of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary
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92
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Rius-Ruiz FX, Kisiel A, Michalska A, Maksymiuk K, Riu J, Rius FX. Solid-state reference electrodes based on carbon nanotubes and polyacrylate membranes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 399:3613-22. [PMID: 21318254 PMCID: PMC3057007 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4689-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
A novel potentiometric solid-state reference electrode containing single-walled carbon nanotubes as the transducer layer between a polyacrylate membrane and the conductor is reported here. Single-walled carbon nanotubes act as an efficient transducer of the constant potentiometric signal originating from the reference membrane containing the Ag/AgCl/Cl(-) ions system, and they are needed to obtain a stable reference potentiometric signal. Furthermore, we have taken advantage of the light insensitivity of single-walled carbon nanotubes to improve the analytical performance characteristics of previously reported solid-state reference electrodes. Four different polyacrylate polymers have been selected in order to identify the most efficient reservoir for the Ag/AgCl system. Finally, two different arrangements have been assessed: (1) a solid-state reference electrode using photo-polymerised n-butyl acrylate polymer and (2) a thermo-polymerised methyl methacrylate:n-butyl acrylate (1:10) polymer. The sensitivity to various salts, pH and light, as well as time of response and stability, has been tested: the best results were obtained using single-walled carbon nanotubes and photo-polymerised n-butyl acrylate polymer. Water transport plays an important role in the potentiometric performance of acrylate membranes, so a new screening test method has been developed to qualitatively assess the difference in water percolation between the polyacrylic membranes studied. The results presented here open the way for the true miniaturisation of potentiometric systems using the excellent properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Xavier Rius-Ruiz
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anna Kisiel
- Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Michalska
- Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzystof Maksymiuk
- Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jordi Riu
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - F. Xavier Rius
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Campus Sescelades, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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93
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Veder JP, De Marco R, Clarke G, Jiang SP, Prince K, Pretsch E, Bakker E. Water uptake in the hydrophilic poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) solid-contact of all-solid-state polymeric ion-selective electrodes. Analyst 2011; 136:3252-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15267j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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94
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Jaworska E, Kisiel A, Maksymiuk K, Michalska A. Lowering the Resistivity of Polyacrylate Ion-Selective Membranes by Platinum Nanoparticles Addition. Anal Chem 2010; 83:438-45. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1019864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Jaworska
- Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kisiel
- Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Maksymiuk
- Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Michalska
- Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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95
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Lindfors T, Szücs J, Sundfors F, Gyurcsányi RE. Polyaniline Nanoparticle-Based Solid-Contact Silicone Rubber Ion-Selective Electrodes for Ultratrace Measurements. Anal Chem 2010; 82:9425-32. [DOI: 10.1021/ac102099p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Lindfors
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo, Finland, Academy of Finland, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary, Research Group of Technical Analytical Chemistry of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary
| | - Júlia Szücs
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo, Finland, Academy of Finland, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary, Research Group of Technical Analytical Chemistry of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary
| | - Fredrik Sundfors
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo, Finland, Academy of Finland, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary, Research Group of Technical Analytical Chemistry of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary
| | - Róbert E. Gyurcsányi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo, Finland, Academy of Finland, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary, Research Group of Technical Analytical Chemistry of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1111 Budapest, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Hungary
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96
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Veder JP, Patel K, Clarke G, Grygolowicz-Pawlak E, Silvester DS, De Marco R, Pretsch E, Bakker E. Synchrotron Radiation/Fourier Transform-Infrared Microspectroscopy Study of Undesirable Water Inclusions in Solid-Contact Polymeric Ion-Selective Electrodes. Anal Chem 2010; 82:6203-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101009n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Veder
- Department of Chemistry, Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia, and Institute of Biogechemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kunal Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia, and Institute of Biogechemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Graeme Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia, and Institute of Biogechemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ewa Grygolowicz-Pawlak
- Department of Chemistry, Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia, and Institute of Biogechemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Debbie S. Silvester
- Department of Chemistry, Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia, and Institute of Biogechemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Roland De Marco
- Department of Chemistry, Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia, and Institute of Biogechemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ernö Pretsch
- Department of Chemistry, Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia, and Institute of Biogechemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Chemistry, Nanochemistry Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia, and Institute of Biogechemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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97
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Privett
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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98
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Chumbimuni-Torres KY, Thammakhet C, Galik M, Calvo-Marzal P, Wu J, Bakker E, Flechsig GU, Wang J. High-temperature potentiometry: modulated response of ion-selective electrodes during heat pulses. Anal Chem 2010; 81:10290-4. [PMID: 19928777 DOI: 10.1021/ac902191h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The concept of locally heated polymeric membrane potentiometric sensors is introduced here for the first time. This is accomplished in an all solid state sensor configuration, utilizing poly(3-octylthiophene) as the intermediate layer between the ion-selective membrane and underlying substrate that integrates the heating circuitry. Temperature pulse potentiometry (TPP) gives convenient peak-shaped analytical signals and affords an additional dimension with these sensors. Numerous advances are envisioned that will benefit the field. The heating step is shown to give an increase in the slope of the copper-selective electrode from 31 to 43 mV per 10-fold activity change, with a reproducibility of the heated potential pulses of 1% at 10 microM copper levels and a potential drift of 0.2 mV/h. Importantly, the magnitude of the potential pulse upon heating the electrode changes as a function of the copper activity, suggesting an attractive way for differential measurement of these devices. The heat pulse is also shown to decrease the detection limit by half an order of magnitude.
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99
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Lindfors T, Sundfors F, Höfler L, Gyurcsányi R. FTIR-ATR Study of Water Uptake and Diffusion Through Ion-Selective Membranes Based on Plasticized Poly(vinyl chloride). ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200904609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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100
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Appiah-Kusi C, Kew S, Hall E. Water Transport in Poly(n-butyl acrylate) Ion-Selective Membranes. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200904636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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