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Li JL, Day D, Gu M. Design of a compact microfludic device for controllable cell distribution. LAB ON A CHIP 2010; 10:3054-3057. [PMID: 20871882 DOI: 10.1039/c0lc00090f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A compact microfluidic device with 96 microchambers allocated within four circular units was designed and examined for cell distribution. In each unit, cells were distributed to the surrounding chambers radially from the center. The circular arrangement of the chambers makes the design simple and compact. A controllable and quantitative cell distribution is achievable in this device. This design is significant to the microfluidic applications where controllable distribution of cells in multipule microchambers is demanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Liang Li
- Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia.
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52
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Nelson WC, Peng I, Lee GA, Loo JA, Garrell RL, Kim CJCJ. Incubated protein reduction and digestion on an electrowetting-on-dielectric digital microfluidic chip for MALDI-MS. Anal Chem 2010; 82:9932-7. [PMID: 21058643 DOI: 10.1021/ac101833b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Localized heating of droplets on an electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) chip has been implemented and shown to accelerate trypsin digestion reaction rates, sample drying, and matrix crystallization for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). Achieving this involved extending the functionality of previous EWOD droplet-based techniques by developing a multifunctional electrode with closed-loop temperature control, while minimizing overall system complexity and addressing challenges associated with rapid evaporation. For the EWOD chip design, we discuss the performance of multifunctional surface electrodes for actuation, localized Joule heating, and thermistic temperature sensing. Furthermore, a hydrophilic pattern is formed in the multifunctional electrode to control the location of an evaporating droplet on the electrode. To demonstrate the capabilities and limitations of this technique, we performed three experiments and measured the results using MALDI-MS: (i) insulin disulfide reductions in dithiothreitol (DTT) over a range of heater temperatures (22-70 °C) to show how reaction rates can be affected by thermal control, (ii) insulin disulfide reductions at 130 °C in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to demonstrate a reaction in a high boiling point solvent, and (iii) tryptic digestions of cytochrome c at 22 and 40 °C to show that heated droplets can yield reasonably higher peptide sequence coverage than unheated droplets. Although they do not decouple the effects of changing temperatures and concentrations, these experiments verified that thermal cycling by EWOD electrodes accelerates reaction rates in liquid droplets in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyatt C Nelson
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, 420 Westwood Plaza, Engineering IV Room 37-129, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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A digital microfluidic approach to heterogeneous immunoassays. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:337-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4368-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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54
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Au SH, Shih SCC, Wheeler AR. Integrated microbioreactor for culture and analysis of bacteria, algae and yeast. Biomed Microdevices 2010; 13:41-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-010-9469-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Jebrail MJ, Ng AHC, Rai V, Hili R, Yudin AK, Wheeler AR. Synchronized Synthesis of Peptide-Based Macrocycles by Digital Microfluidics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201001604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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56
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Jebrail MJ, Ng AHC, Rai V, Hili R, Yudin AK, Wheeler AR. Synchronized Synthesis of Peptide-Based Macrocycles by Digital Microfluidics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:8625-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201001604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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57
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Jebrail MJ, Wheeler AR. Let's get digital: digitizing chemical biology with microfluidics. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2010; 14:574-81. [PMID: 20674472 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Digital microfluidics (DMF) has recently emerged as a popular technology for a wide range of applications in chemical biology. In DMF, nL-mL droplets containing samples and reagents are controlled (i.e., moved, merged, mixed, and dispensed from reservoirs) by applying a series of electrical potentials to an array of electrodes coated with a hydrophobic insulator. DMF is distinct from microchannel-based fluidics as it allows for precise control over multiple reagent phases (liquid and solid) in heterogeneous systems with no need for complex networks of microvalves. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in DMF as applied to a wide range of applications in chemical biology, including proteomics, enzyme assays and immunoassays, applications involving DNA, cell-based assays, and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mais J Jebrail
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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Watson MWL, Jebrail MJ, Wheeler AR. Multilayer Hybrid Microfluidics: A Digital-to-Channel Interface for Sample Processing and Separations. Anal Chem 2010; 82:6680-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101379g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. L. Watson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, and Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, 112 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L6
| | - Mais J. Jebrail
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, and Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, 112 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L6
| | - Aaron R. Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, and Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, 112 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L6
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Yamaguchi H, Miyazaki M, Maeda H. Proteolysis approach without chemical modification for a simple and rapid analysis of disulfide bonds using thermostable protease-immobilized microreactors. Proteomics 2010; 10:2942-9. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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