51
|
Oregui-Bengoechea M, Agirre I, Iriondo A, Lopez-Urionabarrenechea A, Requies JM, Agirrezabal-Telleria I, Bizkarra K, Barrio VL, Cambra JF. Heterogeneous Catalyzed Thermochemical Conversion of Lignin Model Compounds: An Overview. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2019; 377:36. [PMID: 31728773 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermochemical lignin conversion processes can be described as complex reaction networks involving not only de-polymerization and re-polymerization reactions, but also chemical transformations of the depolymerized mono-, di-, and oligomeric compounds. They typically result in a product mixture consisting of a gaseous, liquid (i.e., mono-, di-, and oligomeric products), and solid phase. Consequently, researchers have developed a common strategy to simplify this issue by replacing lignin with simpler, but still representative, lignin model compounds. This strategy is typically applied to the elucidation of reaction mechanisms and the exploration of novel lignin conversion approaches. In this review, we present a general overview of the latest advances in the principal thermochemical processes applied for the conversion of lignin model compounds using heterogeneous catalysts. This review focuses on the most representative lignin conversion methods, i.e., reductive, oxidative, pyrolytic, and hydrolytic processes. An additional subchapter on the reforming of pyrolysis oil model compounds has also been included. Special attention will be given to those research papers using "green" reactants (i.e., H2 or renewable hydrogen donor molecules in reductive processes or air/O2 in oxidative processes) and solvents, although less environmentally friendly chemicals will be also considered. Moreover, the scope of the review is limited to those most representative lignin model compounds and to those reaction products that are typically targeted in lignin valorization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Oregui-Bengoechea
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Ion Agirre
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Aitziber Iriondo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alexander Lopez-Urionabarrenechea
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jesus M Requies
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iker Agirrezabal-Telleria
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Kepa Bizkarra
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - V Laura Barrio
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jose F Cambra
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Choi DW, Ohashi M, Lozano C, Vanzee J, Aungkavattana P, Shimpalee S. Sulfur diffusion of hydrogen sulfide contaminants to cathode in a micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cell. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.134713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
53
|
Boldrin P, Brandon NP. Progress and outlook for solid oxide fuel cells for transportation applications. Nat Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
54
|
Cao Z, Fan L, Zhang G, Shao K, He C, Zhang Q, Lv Z, Zhu B. Titanium-substituted ferrite perovskite: An excellent sulfur and coking tolerant anode catalyst for SOFCs. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
55
|
Segregation of Nickel/Iron Bimetallic Particles from Lanthanum Doped Strontium Titanates to Improve Sulfur Stability of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anodes. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9040332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Perovskite derived Ni catalysts offer the remarkable benefit of regeneration after catalyst poisoning or Ni particle growth through the reversible segregation of Ni from the perovskite-type oxide host. Although this property allows for repeated catalyst regeneration, improving Ni catalyst stability towards sulfur poisoning by H2S is highly critical in solid oxide fuel cells. In this work Mn, Mo, Cr and Fe were combined with Ni at the B-site of La0.3Sr0.55TiO3±δ to explore possible benefits of segregation of two transition metals towards sulfur tolerance. Catalytic activity tests towards the water gas shift reaction were carried out to evaluate the effect of the additional metal on the catalytic activity and sulfur stability of the Ni catalyst. The addition of Fe to the Ni perovskite catalyst was found to increase sulfur tolerance. The simultaneous segregation of Fe and Ni from La0.3Sr0.55Ti0.95-xNi0.05FexO3±δ (x ≤ 0.05) was investigated by temperature programmed reduction, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy and catalytic tests after multiple redox cycles. It is shown that catalytic properties of the active phase were affected likely by the segregation of Ni/Fe alloy particles and that the reversible segregation of Ni persisted, while it was limited in the case of Fe under the same conditions.
Collapse
|
56
|
Fabrication and Electrochemical Performance of Zn-Doped La0.2Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 Infiltrated with Nickel-CGO, Iron, and Cobalt as an Alternative Anode Material for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9030269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In solid oxide fuel cells, doped strontium titinates have been widely studied as anode materials due to their high n-type conductivity. They are used as current conducting backbones as an alternative to nickel-cermets, which suffer degradation due to coking, sulphur poisoning, and low tolerance to redox cycling. In this work, anode backbone materials were synthesized from La0.2Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3−δ (LSCTA-), modified with 5 wt.% Zn, and infiltrated with nickel (Ni)/ceria gadolinium-doped cerium oxide (CGO), Fe, and Co. The electrodes were further studied for their electrochemical performance using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at open circuit voltage (OCV) in different hydrogen to steam ratios and at various operating temperatures (850–650 °C). Infiltration of electrocatalysts significantly reduced the polarization resistance and among the studied infiltrates, at all operating temperatures, Ni-CGO showed excellent electrode performance. The polarization resistances in 3% and 50% H2O/H2 atmosphere were found to be 0.072 and 0.025 Ω cm2, respectively, at 850 °C, and 0.091 and 0.076 Ω cm2, respectively, at 750 °C, with Ni-CGO. These values are approximately three orders of magnitude smaller than the polarization resistance (25 Ω cm2) of back bone material measured at 750 °C.
Collapse
|
57
|
Biogas Upgrading Via Dry Reforming Over a Ni-Sn/CeO2-Al2O3 Catalyst: Influence of the Biogas Source. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12061007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biogas is a renewable, as well as abundant, fuel source which can be utilised in the production of heat and electricity as an alternative to fossil fuels. Biogas can additionally be upgraded via the dry reforming reactions into high value syngas. Nickel-based catalysts are well studied for this purpose but have shown little resilience to deactivation caused by carbon deposition. The use of bi-metallic formulations, as well as the introduction of promoters, are hence required to improve catalytic performance. In this study, the effect of varying compositions of model biogas (CH4/CO2 mixtures) on a promising multicomponent Ni-Sn/CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst was investigated. For intermediate temperatures (650 °C), the catalyst displayed good levels of conversions in a surrogate sewage biogas (CH4/CO2 molar ratio of 1.5). Little deactivation was observed over a 20 h stability run, and greater coke resistance was achieved, related to a reference catalyst. Hence, this research confirms that biogas can suitably be used to generate H2-rich syngas at intermediate temperatures provided a suitable catalyst is employed in the reaction.
Collapse
|
58
|
Hou N, Yao T, Li P, Yao X, Gan T, Fan L, Wang J, Zhi X, Zhao Y, Li Y. A-Site Ordered Double Perovskite with in Situ Exsolved Core-Shell Nanoparticles as Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:6995-7005. [PMID: 30668911 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A highly active anode material for solid oxide fuel cells resistant to carbon deposition is developed. Co-Fe co-doped La0.5Ba0.5MnO3-δ with a cubic-hexagonal heterogeneous stucture is synthesized through the Pechini method. An A-site ordered double perovskite with Co0.94Fe0.06 alloy-oxide core-shell nanoparticles on its surface is formed after reduction. The phase transition and the exsolution of the nanoparticles are investigated with X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The exsolved nanoparticles with the layered double-perovskite supporter show a high catalytic activity. A single cell with that anode and a 300 μm thick La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ electrolyte layer exhibits maximum power densities of 1479 and 503 mW cm-2 at 850 °C with wet hydrogen and wet methane fuels, respectively. Moreover, the single cell fed with wet methane exhibits a stable power output at 850 °C for 200 h, demonstrating a high resistance to carbon deposition of the anode due to the strong anchor of the exsolved nanoparticles on the perovskite parent. The oxide shell also preserves the metal particles from coking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nianjun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Tongtong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Xueli Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Tian Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Lijun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Xiaojing Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yicheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yongdan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering , Aalto University , Kemistintie 1 , FI-00076 Aalto , Finland
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Zhang Y, Xu N, Fan H, Han M. La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ nanoparticles modified Ni-based anode for direct methane-fueled SOFCs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
60
|
Siddiqui O, Dincer I. A Review on Fuel Cell-Based Locomotive Powering Options for Sustainable Transportation. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-018-3607-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
61
|
Guharoy U, Le Saché E, Cai Q, Reina TR, Gu S. Understanding the role of Ni-Sn interaction to design highly effective CO2 conversion catalysts for dry reforming of methane. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
62
|
Bermudez JM, Garcia-Fayos J, Reina TR, Reed G, Persoon ES, Görtz D, Schroeder M, Millan M, Serra JM. Thermochemical stability of LaxSr1-xCoyFe1-yO3-δ and NiFe2O4-Ce0.8Tb0.2O2-δ under real conditions for its application in oxygen transport membranes for oxyfuel combustion. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
63
|
A novel anode for solid oxide fuel cells prepared from phase conversion of La0.3Sr0.7Fe0.7Cr0.3O3-δ perovskite under humid hydrogen. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
64
|
|
65
|
Shi L, Liu H, Huo L, Dang Y, Wang Y, Yang B, Qiu S, Tan H. Site-selective phenol acylation mediated by thioacids via visible light photoredox catalysis. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00041g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Site-selective phenol acylation mediated by thioacids via photoredox catalysis is described. This protocol provided facile access to an array of phenolic esters with exclusive acylation priority of phenol hydroxyl group to alcoholic one. Its utility was also demonstrated by the modification of biologically meaningful natural product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Changzhi University
- Changzhi 046000
- China
| | - Hongxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application
- Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology
- Guangzhou 510070
| | - Luqiong Huo
- Department of Chemistry
- Changzhi University
- Changzhi 046000
- China
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology
| | - Yaqian Dang
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology
- Key Laboratory Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
| | - Yu Wang
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology
- Key Laboratory Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
| | - Bao Yang
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology
- Key Laboratory Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
| | - Shengxiang Qiu
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology
- Key Laboratory Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
| | - Haibo Tan
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology
- Key Laboratory Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization
- South China Botanical Garden
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Guangzhou 510650
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Price CAH, Pastor-Pérez L, Ramirez Reina T, Liu J. Robust mesoporous bimetallic yolk–shell catalysts for chemical CO2 upgrading via dry reforming of methane. REACT CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00058a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new generation highly efficient and stable mesoporous ZnO/Ni@silica yolk–shell catalyst is designed for chemical CO2 recycling, to solve the coking and sintering issues of traditional catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Pastor-Pérez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Engineering
- University of Surrey
- Guildford
- UK
- Laboratorio de Materiales Avanzados
| | - Tomas Ramirez Reina
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Engineering
- University of Surrey
- Guildford
- UK
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Process Engineering
- University of Surrey
- Guildford
- UK
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Song Y, Wang W, Ge L, Xu X, Zhang Z, Julião PSB, Zhou W, Shao Z. Rational Design of a Water-Storable Hierarchical Architecture Decorated with Amorphous Barium Oxide and Nickel Nanoparticles as a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Anode with Excellent Sulfur Tolerance. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1700337. [PMID: 29201629 PMCID: PMC5700654 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), which can directly convert chemical energy stored in fuels into electric power, represent a useful technology for a more sustainable future. They are particularly attractive given that they can be easily integrated into the currently available fossil fuel infrastructure to realize an ideal clean energy system. However, the widespread use of the SOFC technology is hindered by sulfur poisoning at the anode caused by the sulfur impurities in fossil fuels. Therefore, improving the sulfur tolerance of the anode is critical for developing SOFCs for use with fossil fuels. Herein, a novel, highly active, sulfur-tolerant anode for intermediate-temperature SOFCs is prepared via a facile impregnation and limited reaction protocol. During synthesis, Ni nanoparticles, water-storable BaZr0.4Ce0.4Y0.2O3-δ (BZCY) perovskite, and amorphous BaO are formed in situ and deposited on the surface of a Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9 (SDC) scaffold. More specifically, a porous SDC scaffold is impregnated with a well-designed proton-conducting perovskite oxide liquid precursor with the nominal composition of Ba(Zr0.4Ce0.4Y0.2)0.8Ni0.2O3-δ (BZCYN), calcined and reduced in hydrogen. The as-synthesized hierarchical architecture exhibits high H2 electro-oxidation activity, excellent operational stability, superior sulfur tolerance, and good thermal cyclability. This work demonstrates the potential of combining nanocatalysts and water-storable materials in advanced electrocatalysts for SOFCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical EngineeringCollege of Chemical EngineeringJiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)Nanjing Tech UniversityNo. 5 Xin Mofan RoadNanjing210009P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6845Australia
| | - Lei Ge
- Center for Future MaterialsUniversity of Southern QueenslandSpringfield CentralQueensland4300Australia
| | - Xiaomin Xu
- Department of Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6845Australia
| | - Zhenbao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical EngineeringCollege of Chemical EngineeringJiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)Nanjing Tech UniversityNo. 5 Xin Mofan RoadNanjing210009P. R. China
| | | | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical EngineeringCollege of Chemical EngineeringJiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)Nanjing Tech UniversityNo. 5 Xin Mofan RoadNanjing210009P. R. China
| | - Zongping Shao
- Department of Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6845Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Materials‐Oriented Chemical EngineeringSchool of Energy Science and EngineeringJiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)Nanjing Tech UniversityNo. 5 Xin Mofan RoadNanjing210009P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Zhao Q, Yan Z, Chen C, Chen J. Spinels: Controlled Preparation, Oxygen Reduction/Evolution Reaction Application, and Beyond. Chem Rev 2017; 117:10121-10211. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 854] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chengcheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced
Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|