51
|
Lateral Structured Phototransistor Based on Mesoscopic Graphene/Perovskite Heterojunctions. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030641. [PMID: 33807641 PMCID: PMC8000990 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Due to their outstanding optical properties and superior charge carrier mobilities, organometal halide perovskites have been widely investigated in photodetection and solar cell areas. In perovskites photodetection devices, their high optical absorption and excellent quantum efficiency contribute to the responsivity, even the specific detectivity. In this work, we developed a lateral phototransistor based on mesoscopic graphene/perovskite heterojunctions. Graphene nanowall shows a porous structure, and the spaces between graphene nanowall are much appropriated for perovskite crystalline to mount in. Hot carriers are excited in perovskite, which is followed by the holes’ transfer to the graphene layer through the interfacial efficiently. Therefore, graphene plays the role of holes’ collecting material and carriers’ transporting channel. This charge transfer process is also verified by the luminescence spectra. We used the hybrid film to build phototransistor, which performed a high responsivity and specific detectivity of 2.0 × 103 A/W and 7.2 × 1010 Jones, respectively. To understand the photoconductive mechanism, the perovskite’s passivation and the graphene photogating effect are proposed to contribute to the device’s performance. This study provides new routes for the application of perovskite film in photodetection.
Collapse
|
52
|
Nguyen DH, Sun JY, Lo CY, Liu JM, Tsai WS, Li MH, Yang SJ, Lin CC, Tzeng SD, Ma YR, Lin MY, Lai CC. Ultralow-Threshold Continuous-Wave Room-Temperature Crystal-Fiber/Nanoperovskite Hybrid Lasers for All-Optical Photonic Integration. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006819. [PMID: 33576143 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Continuous-wave (CW) room-temperature (RT) laser operation with low energy consumption is an ultimate goal for electrically driven lasers. A monolithically integrated perovskite laser in a chip-level fiber scheme is ideal. However, because of the well-recognized air and thermal instabilities of perovskites, laser action in a perovskite has mostly been limited to either pulsed or cryogenic-temperature operations. Most CW laser operations at RT have had poor durability. Here, crystal fibers that have robust and high-heat-load nature are shown to be the key to enabling the first demonstration of ultralow-threshold CW RT laser action in a compact, monolithic, and inexpensive crystal fiber/nanoperovskite hybrid architecture that is directly pumped with a 405 nm diode laser. Purcell-enhanced light-matter coupling between the atomically smooth fiber microcavity and the perovskite nanocrystallites gain medium enables a high Q (≈1500) and a high β (0.31). This 762 nm laser outperforms previously reported structures with a record-low threshold of 132 nW and an optical-to-optical slope conversion efficiency of 2.93%, and it delivers a stable output for CW and RT operation. These results represent a significant advancement toward monolithic all-optical integration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duc Huy Nguyen
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yuan Sun
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yao Lo
- Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ming Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Wan-Shao Tsai
- Department of Electric Engineering and Graduate Institute of Optoelectronic Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hung Li
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| | - Sin-Jhang Yang
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Lin
- Department of Opto-Electronic Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| | - Shien-Der Tzeng
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ron Ma
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Lin
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100229, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Lai
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
- Department of Opto-Electronic Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Wang K, Jing L, Yao Q, Zhang J, Cheng X, Yuan Y, Shang C, Ding J, Zhou T, Sun H, Zhang W, Li H. Highly In-Plane Polarization-Sensitive Photodetection in CsPbBr 3 Single Crystal. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:1904-1910. [PMID: 33591752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The fully inorganic perovskite lead cesium bromide single crystal (CsPbBr3 SC) is considered as an excellent candidate semiconductor for photodetectors because of its superior humidity resistance, thermal stability, and light stability compared with organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites as well as its photoelectric properties such as large light absorption coefficient and ultralong carrier migration distance. In this Letter, we utilize the inverse temperature solubility of CsPbBr3 in ternary solvents to grow large-sized CsPbBr3 SCs. By the use of the (101) plane, CsPbBr3 SC-based photodetectors are fabricated, which exhibit excellent polarized light response characteristics. The photocurrent relies on the polarization angle in a sinusoidal fashion and shows strong anisotropic optoelectronic properties. The photodetection performance perpendicular to the y axis is significantly higher than that parallel to the y axis, and the dichroic ratio under 405 nm illumination at a bias voltage of 1 V reaches 2.65. The experimental results are consistent with the results of first-principles calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Lin Jing
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Qing Yao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Xiaohua Cheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Chenyu Shang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Jianxu Ding
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Tianliang Zhou
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Haiqing Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Huiping Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Jiang M, Tang K, Wan P, Xu T, Xu H, Kan C. A single microwire near-infrared exciton-polariton light-emitting diode. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1663-1672. [PMID: 33432956 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07305a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exciton-polaritons, which originate from the strong coupling between photon modes of microresonators and excitons in semiconductor micro-/nanostructures, have drawn much attention due to their significance for fabricating coherent light sources which possess considerably lower emission thresholds. In this study, an exciton-polariton light-emitting diode (LED), made from a Ga-doped ZnO microwire (ZnO:Ga MW) and a p-GaAs template serving as the hole supplier, is fabricated. The n-ZnO:Ga MW/p-GaAs heterojunction device can emit light with a near-infrared wavelength of 880 nm and a narrow line width of about 60 nm. Due to the high quality whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavities which are naturally self-constructed by the hexagon-shaped MW, the electroluminescence (EL) spectrum resolves into a series of resonance peaks which can be assigned to exciton-polariton features, leading to the strong coupling of the exciton and the WGM photon in the as-fabricated LED. The strong exciton-photon coupling is clearly evidenced via angle-resolved EL measurements, with the Rabi splitting energy extracted as 160 meV. Furthermore, by adjusting the size of the WGM microcavity structure naturally formed by the hexagonal MWs, particularly by adjusting the diameter of the wires, the exciton-polariton coupling strength in the single MW based LEDs can be tuned, with the as-extracted Rabi splitting energy varying in the range of 92-294 meV. The realization of a single MW based LED, which shows exciton-polariton behavior from a built-in optical microresonator, can enable a promising route for the future fabrication of polariton emitters, where the device performance no longer suffers from obstacles including the need for additional optical resonators, large lattice mismatch, and template availability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Jiang
- College of Science, MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Jiangjun Road, Nanjing 211106, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
Kan C, Wu Y, Xu J, Wan P, Jiang M. Plasmon-enhanced strong exciton-polariton coupling in single microwire-based heterojunction light-emitting diodes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:1023-1036. [PMID: 33726325 DOI: 10.1364/oe.414113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the strong light-matter coupling interaction in optical microresonators that are naturally formed by semiconductor micro- or nanostructures is crucial for fabricating high-performance exciton-polariton devices. Such devices can function as coherent light sources having considerably lower emission threshold. In this study, an exciton-polariton light-emitting diode (LED), made of a single ZnO microwire (MW) and a p-GaN substrate, serving as the hole injector, was fabricated, and its working characteristics, in the near-ultraviolet region, were demonstrated. To further improve the quality of the single ZnO MW-based optical microresonator, Ag nanowires (AgNWs) with ultraviolet plasmonic response were deposited on the MW. Apart from the improvement of the electrical and optical properties of the hexagonal ZnO MW, the optically pumped whispering-gallery-mode lasing characteristics were significantly enhanced. Furthermore, a single ZnO MW not covered, and covered by AgNWs, was used to construct a heterojunction LED. Compared with single bare ZnO MW-based LED, significant enhancement of the device performance was achieved, including a significant enhancement in the light output and a small emission band blueshift. Specifically, the exciton-polariton emission was observably enhanced, and the corresponding Rabi splitting energy (∼ 495 meV) was significantly higher than that of the bare ZnO MW-based LED (∼ 370 meV). That ultraviolet plasmons of AgNWs enhanced the exciton-polariton coupling strength was further confirmed via angle-resolved electroluminescence measurements of the single MW-based polaritonic devices, which clearly illustrated the presence of Rabi splitting and subband anti-crossing characteristics. The experimental results provide new avenues to achieve extremely high coupling strengths, which can accelerate the advancements in electrically driven high-efficiency polaritonic coherent emitters and nonlinear devices.
Collapse
|
56
|
Zhang T, Li S. Self-Powered All-Inorganic Perovskite Photodetectors with Fast Response Speed. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:6. [PMID: 33409577 PMCID: PMC7788140 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-020-03460-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript, the inorganic perovskite CsPbI2Br and CsPbIBr2 are investigated as photoactive materials that offer higher stability than the organometal trihalide perovskite materials. The fabrication methods allow anti-solvent processing the CsPbIxBr3-x films, overcoming the poor film quality that always occur in a single-step solution process. The introduced diethyl ether in spin-coating process is demonstrated to be successful, and the effects of the anti-solvent on film quality are studied. The devices fabricated using the methods achieve high-performance, self-powered and the stabilized photodetectors show fast response speed. The results illustrate a great potential of all-inorganic CsPbIxBr3-x perovskites in visible photodetection and provide an effective way to achieve high performance devices with self-powered capability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Shibin Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Lai W, Wu C, Li W, Han X. Green solvent assisted preparation of one-dimensional CsPbBr3 nanocrystals with a controllable morphology for cyan-emitting applications. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01245b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Upon tuning the polarity of antisolvent medium, the length of CsPbBr3 NCs realizing the conversion from nanorods to NWs. Furthermore, the width of the NWs can be adjusted feasibly via the overgrowth of CsPbBr3 NWs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Lai
- Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Chuanli Wu
- Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiuxun Han
- Institute of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Zhang F, Tang K, Wan P, Kan C, Jiang M. An electrically driven single microribbon based near-infrared exciton–polariton light-emitting diode. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00419k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An electrically driven exciton–polariton NIR-LED involving an n-ZnO:Ga microribbon/p-GaAs heterojunction was achieved. The Rabi splitting is measured to be 109 meV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fupeng Zhang
- College of Science
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
| | - Kai Tang
- College of Science
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
| | - Peng Wan
- College of Science
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
| | - Caixia Kan
- College of Science
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
| | - Mingming Jiang
- College of Science
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing 211106
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Liang Y, Li C, Huang YZ, Zhang Q. Plasmonic Nanolasers in On-Chip Light Sources: Prospects and Challenges. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14375-14390. [PMID: 33119269 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The plasmonic nanolaser is a class of lasers with the physical dimensions free from the optical diffraction limit. In the past decade, progress in performance, applications, and mechanisms of plasmonic nanolasers has increased dramatically. We review this advance and offer our prospectives on the remaining challenges ahead, concentrating on the integration with nanochips. In particular, we focus on the qualifications for electrical pumping, energy consumption, and ultrafast modulation. At last, we evaluate the strategies for on-chip source construction design and further threshold reduction to achieve a long-term room-temperature electrically pumped plasmonic nanolaser, the ultimate goal toward practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yong-Zhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|