Reducing Interstitial Fluid Pressure and Inhibiting Pulmonary Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Gelatin Modified Cationic Lipid Nanoparticles

Lipid nanoparticles loading triptolide for transdermal delivery: mechanisms of penetration enhancement and transport properties

Background

In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) including nanostructured lipid carries (NLC) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) captured an increasing amount of attention in the field of transdermal drug delivery system. However, the mechanisms of penetration enhancement and transdermal transport properties of NPs are not fully understood. Therefore, this work applied different platforms to evaluate the interactions between skin and NPs loading triptolide (TPL, TPL-NLC and TPL-SLN). Besides, NPs labeled with fluorescence probe were tracked after administration to investigate the dynamic penetration process in skin and skin cells. In addition, ELISA assay was applied to verify the in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of TPL-NPs.

Results

Compared with the control group, TPL-NPs could disorder skin structure, increase keratin enthalpy and reduce the SC infrared absorption peak area. Besides, the work found that NPs labeled with fluorescence probe accumulated in hair follicles and distributed throughout the skin after 1 h of administration and were taken into HaCaT cells cytoplasm by transcytosis. Additionally, TPL-NLC could effectively inhibit the expression of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, and MCP-1 in HaCaT cells, while TPL-SLN and TPL solution can only inhibit the expression of IL-6.

Conclusions

TPL-NLC and TPL-SLN could penetrate into skin in a time-dependent manner and the penetration is done by changing the structure, thermodynamic properties and components of the SC. Furthermore, the significant anti-inflammatory effect of TPL-NPs indicated that nanoparticles containing NLC and SLN could serve as safe prospective agents for transdermal drug delivery system.

Size shrinkable drug delivery nanosystems and priming the tumor microenvironment for deep intratumoral penetration of nanoparticles

The penetration of nanomedicine into solid tumor still constitutes a great challenge for cancer therapy, which lead to the failure of thorough clearance of tumor cells. Aiming at solving this issue, lots of encouraging progress has been made in the development of multistage nanoparticles triggered by various stimuli in the past few years. Besides, the therapeutical effects of nanoagents are also greatly impacted by the complex tumor microenvironment, and remodeling tumor microenvironment has become another important approach for promoting nanoparticles penetration. In this review, we summarize and analyze recent research progress and challenges in promoting nanoparticle penetration based on two kinds of different strategies, which include size shrinkable nanoparticles and priming tumor microenvironments. Especially, many recent reported multi-strategy approaches based on particle size reduction in conjugated with other therapeutic strategies are discussed. And we expect to provide some useful enlightenments and proposals on nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for more effective therapy of solid tumors.

Monocyte-mediated chemotherapy drug delivery in glioblastoma

AIM

To mechanistically prove the concept of monocyte-mediated nano drug delivery in glioblastoma (GBM).

RESULTS

nano-doxorubicin-loaded monocytes (Nano-DOX-MC) were viable, able to cross an artificial endothelial barrier and capable of infiltrating GBM spheroids and releasing drug therein. GBM cells stimulated unloading of Nano-DOX-MC and took up the unloaded drug and released damage-associated molecular patterns. In mice with orthotopic GBM xenografts, Nano-DOX-MC resulted in much improved tumor drug delivery efficacy and damage-associated molecular patterns emission. Mechanistically, Nano-DOX was found sequestered in the lysosomal compartment and to induce autophagy, which may underlie MC's tolerance to Nano-DOX. Lysosomal exocytosis was found involved in the discharging mechanism of intracellular Nano-DOX.

CONCLUSION

Nano-DOX can be effectively delivered by MC in GBM and induce cancer cell damage.