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Rivera-Tarazona LK, Bhat VD, Kim H, Campbell ZT, Ware TH. Shape-morphing living composites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaax8582. [PMID: 32010767 PMCID: PMC6968942 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax8582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This work establishes a means to exploit genetic networks to create living synthetic composites that change shape in response to specific biochemical or physical stimuli. Baker's yeast embedded in a hydrogel forms a responsive material where cellular proliferation leads to a controllable increase in the composite volume of up to 400%. Genetic manipulation of the yeast enables composites where volume change on exposure to l-histidine is 14× higher than volume change when exposed to d-histidine or other amino acids. By encoding an optogenetic switch into the yeast, spatiotemporally controlled shape change is induced with pulses of dim blue light (2.7 mW/cm2). These living, shape-changing materials may enable sensors or medical devices that respond to highly specific cues found within a biological milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. K. Rivera-Tarazona
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - V. D. Bhat
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - H. Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Z. T. Campbell
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - T. H. Ware
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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Guzzi EA, Bovone G, Tibbitt MW. Universal Nanocarrier Ink Platform for Biomaterials Additive Manufacturing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1905421. [PMID: 31762197 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201905421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ink engineering is a fundamental area of research within additive manufacturing (AM) that designs next-generation biomaterials tailored for additive processes. During the design of new inks, specific requirements must be considered, such as flowability, postfabrication stability, biointegration, and controlled release of therapeutic molecules. To date, many (bio)inks have been developed; however, few are sufficiently versatile to address a broad range of applications. In this work, a universal nanocarrier ink platform is presented that provides tailored rheology for extrusion-based AM and facilitates the formulation of biofunctional inks. The universal nanocarrier ink (UNI) leverages reversible polymer-nanoparticle interactions to form a transient physical network with shear-thinning and self-healing properties engineered for direct ink writing (DIW). The unique advantage of the material is that a range of functional secondary polymers can be combined with the UNI to enable stabilization of printed constructs via secondary cross-linking as well as customized biofunctionality for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. Specific UNI formulations are used for bioprinting of living tissue constructs and DIW of controlled release devices. The robust and versatile nature of the UNI platform enables rapid formulation of a broad range of functional inks for AM of advanced biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia A Guzzi
- Sonneggstrasse 3, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
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Qian F, Zhu C, Knipe JM, Ruelas S, Stolaroff JK, DeOtte JR, Duoss EB, Spadaccini CM, Henard CA, Guarnieri MT, Baker SE. Direct Writing of Tunable Living Inks for Bioprocess Intensification. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:5829-5835. [PMID: 30702295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Critical to the success of three-dimensional (3D) printing of living materials with high performance is the development of new ink materials and 3D geometries that favor long-term cell functionality. Here we report the use of freeze-dried live cells as the solid filler to enable a new living material system for direct ink writing of catalytically active microorganisms with tunable densities and various self-supporting porous 3D geometries. Baker's yeast was used as an exemplary live whole-cell biocatalyst, and the printed structures displayed high resolution, large scale, high catalytic activity and long-term viability. An unprecedented high cell loading was achieved, and cell inks showed unique thixotropic behavior. In the presence of glucose, printed bioscaffolds exhibited increased ethanol production compared to bulk counterparts due largely to improved mass transfer through engineered porous structures. The new living materials developed in this work could serve as a versatile platform for process intensification of an array of bioconversion processes utilizing diverse microbial biocatalysts for production of high-value products or bioremediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Joshua R DeOtte
- University of California , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | | | | | - Calvin A Henard
- National Bioenergy Center , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Michael T Guarnieri
- National Bioenergy Center , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
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Wondraczek L, Pohnert G, Schacher FH, Köhler A, Gottschaldt M, Schubert US, Küsel K, Brakhage AA. Artificial Microbial Arenas: Materials for Observing and Manipulating Microbial Consortia. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900284. [PMID: 30993782 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
From the smallest ecological niche to global scale, communities of microbial life present a major factor in system regulation and stability. As long as laboratory studies remain restricted to single or few species assemblies, however, very little is known about the interaction patterns and exogenous factors controlling the dynamics of natural microbial communities. In combination with microfluidic technologies, progress in the manufacture of functional and stimuli-responsive materials makes artificial microbial arenas accessible. As habitats for natural or multispecies synthetic consortia, they are expected to not only enable detailed investigations, but also the training and the directed evolution of microbial communities in states of balance and disturbance, or under the effects of modulated stimuli and spontaneous response triggers. Here, a perspective on how materials research will play an essential role in generating answers to the most pertinent questions of microbial engineering is presented, and the concept of adaptive microbial arenas and possibilities for their construction from particulate microniches to 3D habitats is introduced. Materials as active and tunable components at the interface of living and nonliving matter offer exciting opportunities in this field. Beyond forming the physical horizon for microbial cultivates, they will enable dedicated intervention, training, and observation of microbial consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar Wondraczek
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Fraunhoferstrasse 6, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Center of Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Strasse 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Felix H Schacher
- Center of Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Angela Köhler
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Gottschaldt
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Center of Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Kirsten Küsel
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743, Jena, Germany
- German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5E, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Axel A Brakhage
- Microverse Cluster, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Neugasse 23, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745, Jena, Germany
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