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Dialer LO, Selivanova SV, Müller CJ, Müller A, Stellfeld T, Graham K, Dinkelborg LM, Krämer SD, Schibli R, Reiher M, Ametamey SM. Studies toward the development of new silicon-containing building blocks for the direct (18)F-labeling of peptides. J Med Chem 2013; 56:7552-63. [PMID: 23992105 DOI: 10.1021/jm400857f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-containing prosthetic groups have been conjugated to peptides to allow for a single-step labeling with (18)F radioisotope. The fairly lipophilic di-tert-butylphenylsilane building block contributes unfavorably to the pharmacokinetic profile of bombesin conjugates. In this article, theoretical and experimental studies toward the development of more hydrophilic silicon-based building blocks are presented. Density functional theory calculations were used to predict the hydrolytic stability of di-tert-butylfluorosilanes 2-23 with the aim to improve the in vivo properties of (18)F-labeled silicon-containing biomolecules. As a further step toward improving the pharmacokinetic profile, hydrophilic linkers were introduced between the lipophilic di-tert-butylphenylsilane building block and the bombesin congeners. Increased tumor uptake was shown with two of these peptides in xenograft-bearing mice using positron emission tomography and biodistribution studies. The introduction of a hydrophilic linker is thus a viable approach to improve the tumor uptake of (18)F-labeled silicon-bombesin conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas O Dialer
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich , Wolfgang-Pauli Strasse 10, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
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52
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Direct one-step labeling of cysteine residues on peptides with [11C]methyl triflate for the synthesis of PET radiopharmaceuticals. Amino Acids 2013; 45:1097-108. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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53
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Joyard Y, Azzouz R, Bischoff L, Papamicaël C, Labar D, Bol A, Bol V, Vera P, Grégoire V, Levacher V, Bohn P. Synthesis of new 18F-radiolabeled silicon-based nitroimidazole compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:3680-8. [PMID: 23665140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of new nitroimidazole compounds using silicon-[(18)F]fluorine chemistry for the potential detection of tumor hypoxia are described. [(18)F]silicon-based compounds were synthesized by coupling 2-nitroimidazole with silyldinaphtyl or silylphenyldi-tert-butyl groups and labeled by fluorolysis or isotopic exchange. Dinaphtyl compounds (6, 10) were labeled in 56-71% yield with a specific activity of 45 GBq/μmol, however these compounds ([(18)F]7 and [(18)F]11) were not stable in plasma. Phenyldi-tert-butyl compounds were labeled in 70% yield with a specific activity of 3 GBq/μmol by isotopic exchange, or in 81% yield by fluorolysis of siloxanes with a specific activity of 45 GBq/μmol. The labeled compound [(18)F]18 was stable in plasma and excreted by the liver and kidneys in vivo. In conclusion, the fluorosilylphenyldi-tert-butyl (SiFA) group is more stable in plasma than fluorosilyldiphenyl moiety. Thus, compound [(18)F]18 is suitable for further in vivo assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoann Joyard
- UMR 6014, COBRA, CNRS, INSA of Rouen and University of Rouen, rue Tesnière, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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54
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaliese K. Franz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis,
California, United States
| | - Sean O. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California—Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis,
California, United States
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55
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One-step 18F-labeling of peptides for positron emission tomography imaging using the SiFA methodology. Nat Protoc 2012; 7:1946-55. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2012.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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56
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Silicon-[18F]Fluorine Radiochemistry: Basics, Applications and Challenges. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2012. [DOI: 10.3390/app2020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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57
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Amigues E, Schulz J, Szlosek-Pinaud M, Fernandez P, Silvente-Poirot S, Brillouet S, Courbon F, Fouquet E. [18F]Si-RiboRGD: From Design and Synthesis to the Imaging of αvβ3 Integrins in Melanoma Tumors. Chempluschem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201200022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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McBride WJ, D'Souza CA, Karacay H, Sharkey RM, Goldenberg DM. New lyophilized kit for rapid radiofluorination of peptides. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:538-47. [PMID: 22273147 DOI: 10.1021/bc200608e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabeling compounds with positron-emitting radionuclides often involves a time-consuming, customized process. Herein, we report a simple lyophilized kit formulation for labeling peptides with (18)F, based on the aluminum-fluoride procedure. The prototype kit contains IMP485, a NODA (1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4-diacetate)-MPAA (methyl phenylacetic acid)-di-HSG (histamine-succinyl-glycine) hapten-peptide, [NODA-MPAA-D-Lys(HSG)-D-Tyr-D-Lys(HSG)-NH(2)], used for pretargeting, but we also examined a similar kit formulation for a somatostatin-binding peptide [IMP466, NOTA-D-Phe-Cys-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Cys-Throl] bearing a NOTA ligand to determine if the benefits of using a kit can be extended to other AlF-binding peptides. The NODA-MPAA ligand forms a single stable complex with (AlF)(2+) in high yields. In order to establish suitable conditions for a facile kit, the formulation was optimized for pH, peptide to Al(3+) ratio, bulking agent, radioprotectant, and the buffer. For optimal labeling, the kit was reconstituted with an aqueous solution of (18)F(-) and ethanol (1:1), heated at 100-110 °C for 15 min, and then simply and rapidly purified using one of two equally effective solid-phase extraction (SPE) methods. Al(18)F-IMP485 was isolated as a single isomer complex, in high yield (45-97%) and high specific activity (up to 223 GBq/μmol), within 20 min. The labeled product was stable in human serum at 37 °C for 4 h and in vivo, urine samples showed the intact product was eliminated. Tumor targeting of the Al(18)F-IMP485 in nude mice bearing human colon cancer xenografts pretargeted with an anti-CEACAM5 bispecific antibody showed very low uptake (0.06% ± 0.02 ID/g) in bone, further illustrating its stability. At 1 h, pretargeted animals had high Al(18)F-IMP485 tumor uptake (28.1% ± 4.5 ID/g), with ratios of 9 ± 4, 123 ± 38, 110 ± 43, and 120 ± 108 for kidney, liver, blood and bone, respectively. Tumor uptake remained high at 3 h postinjection, with increased tumor/nontumor ratios. The NOTA-somatostatin-binding peptide also was fluorinated with good yield and high specific activity in the same kit formulation. However, yields were somewhat lower than those achieved with IMP485 containing the NODA-MPAA ligand, likely reflecting this ligand's superior binding properties over the simple NOTA. These studies indicate that (18)F-labeled peptides can be reproducibly prepared as stable Al-F complexes with good radiochemical yield and high specific activity using a simple, one-step, lyophilized kit followed by a rapid purification by SPE that provides the (18)F-peptide ready for patient injection within 30 min.
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59
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Arumugam S, Chin J, Schirrmacher R, Popik VV, Kostikov AP. [18F]azadibenzocyclooctyne ([18F]ADIBO): a biocompatible radioactive labeling synthon for peptides using catalyst free [3+2] cycloaddition. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6987-91. [PMID: 22024032 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
N-Terminally azido-modified peptides were labeled with the novel prosthetic labeling synthon [(18)F]azadibenzocyclooctyne ([(18)F]ADIBO) using copper-free azide-alkyne [3+2]-dipolar cycloaddition in high radiochemical yields (RCYs). (18)F-Labeled [(18)F]ADIBO was prepared by nucleophilic substitution of the corresponding tosylate in 21% overall RCY (EOB) in a fully automated synthesis unit within 55 min. [(18)F]ADIBO was incubated with azide-containing peptides at room temperature in the absence of toxic metal catalysts and the formation of the triazole conjugate was confirmed. Finally, the azide-alkyne [3+2]-dipolar cycloaddition was shown to proceed with 95% radiochemical yield in ethanol within 30 min, allowing for a development of a kit-like peptide labeling approach with [(18)F]ADIBO.
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60
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Iovkova-Berends L, Wängler C, Zöller T, Höfner G, Wanner KT, Rensch C, Bartenstein P, Kostikov A, Schirrmacher R, Jurkschat K, Wängler B. t-Bu2SiF-derivatized D2-receptor ligands: the first SiFA-containing small molecule radiotracers for target-specific PET-imaging. Molecules 2011; 16:7458-79. [PMID: 21892125 PMCID: PMC6264418 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16097458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis, radiolabeling and in vitro evaluation of new silicon-fluoride acceptor (SiFA) derivatized D(2)-receptor ligands is reported. The SiFA-technology simplifies the introduction of fluorine-18 into target specific biomolecules for Positron-Emission-Tomography (PET). However, one of the remaining challenges, especially for small molecules such as receptor-ligands, is the bulkiness of the SiFA-moiety. We therefore synthesized four Fallypride SiFA-conjugates derivatized either directly at the benzoic acid ring system (SiFA-DMFP, SiFA-FP, SiFA-DDMFP) or at the butyl-side chain (SiFA-M-FP) and tested their receptor affinities. We found D(2)-receptor affinities for all compounds in the nanomolar range (K(i(SiFA-DMFP)) = 13.6 nM, K(i(SiFA-FP)) = 33.0 nM, K(i(SiFA-DDMFP)) = 62.7 nM and K(i(SiFA-M-FP)) = 4.21 nM). The radiofluorination showed highest yields when 10 nmol of the precursors were reacted with [(18)F]fluoride/TBAHCO(3) in acetonitrile. After a reversed phased cartridge purification the desired products could be isolated as an injectable solution after only 10 min synthesis time with radiochemical yields (RCY) of more than 40% in the case of SiFA-DMFP resulting in specific activities >41 GBq/µmol (>1,100 Ci/mmol). Furthermore, the radiolabeled products were shown to be stable in the injectable solutions, as well as in human plasma, for at least 90 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljuba Iovkova-Berends
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carmen Wängler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Zöller
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Georg Höfner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 7, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Theodor Wanner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 7, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexey Kostikov
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University St., Montreal H3A 2B4, QC, Canada
| | - Ralf Schirrmacher
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University St., Montreal H3A 2B4, QC, Canada
| | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (K.J.); (B.W.); Tel.: +49-231-755-3800 (K.J.); +49-89-7095-7543 (B.W.); Fax: +49-231-755-5048 (K.J.); +49-89-7095-4648 (B.W.)
| | - Björn Wängler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; (K.J.); (B.W.); Tel.: +49-231-755-3800 (K.J.); +49-89-7095-7543 (B.W.); Fax: +49-231-755-5048 (K.J.); +49-89-7095-4648 (B.W.)
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61
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D'Souza CA, McBride WJ, Sharkey RM, Todaro LJ, Goldenberg DM. High-yielding aqueous 18F-labeling of peptides via Al18F chelation. Bioconjug Chem 2011; 22:1793-803. [PMID: 21805975 DOI: 10.1021/bc200175c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of a new pentadentate bifunctional chelator (BFC), NODA-MPAA 1, containing the 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4-diacetate (NODA) motif with a methylphenylacetic acid (MPAA) backbone, and its ability to form stable Al(18)F chelates were investigated. The organofluoroaluminates were easily accessible from the reaction of 1 and AlF(3). X-ray diffraction studies revealed aluminum at the center of a slightly distorted octahedron, with fluorine occupying one of the axial positions. The tert-butyl protected prochelator 7, which can be synthesized in one step, is useful for coupling to biomolecules on solid phase or in solution. High yield (55-89%) aqueous (18)F-labeling was achieved in 10-15 min with a tumor-targeting peptide 4 covalently linked to 1. Defluorination was not observed for at least 4 h in human serum at 37 °C. These results demonstrate the facile application of Al(18)F chelation using BFC 1 as a versatile labeling method for radiofluorinating other heat-stable peptides for positron emission imaging.
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62
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Kniess T, Kuchar M, Pietzsch J. Automated radiosynthesis of the thiol-reactive labeling agent N-[6-(4-[18F]fluorobenzylidene)aminooxyhexyl]maleimide ([18F]FBAM). Appl Radiat Isot 2011; 69:1226-30. [PMID: 21507666 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The two-step radiosynthesis of N-[6-(4-[(18)F]fluorobenzylidene)aminooxyhexyl]maleimide ([(18)F]FBAM) was adapted to a remotely controlled synthesizer module. After optimization of reaction conditions as well as solid phase extraction based purification steps, the final [(18)F]FBAM was obtained in a decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 29±4% (related to [(18)F]fluoride, n=12) within a total synthesis time of 40 min. The radiochemical purity of [(18)F]FBAM was in the range 94-98%, the specific activity was determined with 13.4-17.2 GBq/μmol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Kniess
- Institute of Radiopharmacy, Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Germany.
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63
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Iovkova L, Könning D, Wängler B, Schirrmacher R, Schoof S, Arndt HD, Jurkschat K. SiFA-Modified Phenylalanine: A Key Compound for the Efficient Synthesis of 18F-Labelled Peptides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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64
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Schulz J, Vimont D, Bordenave T, James D, Escudier JM, Allard M, Szlosek-Pinaud M, Fouquet E. Silicon-based chemistry: an original and efficient one-step approach to [18F]-nucleosides and [18F]-oligonucleotides for PET imaging. Chemistry 2011; 17:3096-100. [PMID: 21312302 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Revised: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Take it eaSi! Nucleosides, dinucleotides, and one oligonucleotide, all modified by click chemistry, have for the first time been directly and very efficiently labeled with (18)F by using a silicon-based, one-step approach that opens the way for the development of a new class of positron emission tomography (PET) tracers (see graphic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Schulz
- Université de Bordeaux, LIMF, UMR5231, 146, rue Léo Saignat, Bordeaux, 33076, France
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