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Iezzi R, Guru BR, Glybina IV, Mishra MK, Kennedy A, Kannan RM. Dendrimer-based targeted intravitreal therapy for sustained attenuation of neuroinflammation in retinal degeneration. Biomaterials 2012; 33:979-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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52
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Polikarpov N, Appelhans D, Welzel P, Kaufmann A, Dhanapal P, Bellmann C, Voit B. Tailoring uptake and release of ATP by dendritic glycopolymer/PNIPAAm hydrogel hybrids: first approaches towards multicompartment release systems. NEW J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20455f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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53
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Katir N, Majoral JP, El Kadib A, Caminade AM, Bousmina M. Molecular and Macromolecular Engineering with Viologens as Building Blocks: Rational Design of Phosphorus-Viologen Dendritic Structures. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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54
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Influence of dendrimers on red blood cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2011; 17:21-35. [PMID: 22086186 PMCID: PMC6275740 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-011-0033-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers, highly branched macromolecules with a specific size and shape, provide many exciting opportunities for biomedical applications. However, most dendrimers demonstrate toxic and haemolytic activity because of their positively charged surface. Masking the peripheral cationic groups by coating them with biocompatible molecules is a method to reduce it. It was proven that modified dendrimers can even diminish haemolytic activity of encapsulated drugs. Experiments confirmed that anionic dendrimers are less haemotoxic than cationic ones. Due to the high affinity of dendrimers for serum proteins, presence of these components in an incubation buffer might also influence red blood cell (RBC)-dendrimer interactions and decrease the haemolysis level. Generally, haemotoxicity of dendrimers is concentration-, generation-, and time-dependent. Various changes in the RBCs’ shape in response to interactions with dendrimers have been observed, from echinocytic transformations through cell aggregation to cluster formation, depending on the dendrimer’s type and concentration. Understanding the physical and chemical origins of dendrimers’ influences on RBCs might advance scientists’ ability to construct dendrimers more suitable for medical applications.
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Short multi-armed polylysine-graft-polyamidoamine copolymer as efficient gene vectors. Int J Pharm 2011; 420:206-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Schlick KH, Morgan JR, Weiel JJ, Kelsey MS, Cloninger MJ. Clusters of ligands on dendrimer surfaces. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:5078-83. [PMID: 21524579 PMCID: PMC3156387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.03.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of methodology that is designed to allow a significant increase in the patterning and in the functionalization of the dendrimer is the ultimate goal of the research described here. Glycoside clusters based on TRIS were formed using click chemistry and were attached to PAMAM dendrimers. A series of dendrimers bearing tris-mannoside and an ethoxyethanol group was synthesized, and the binding interactions of these dendrimers with Concanavalin A were evaluated using inhibition ELISAs. The results of the inhibition ELISAs suggest that tris-mannoside clusters can replace individual sugars on the dendrimer without loss of function. Since tris-mannoside clustering allows for a redistribution of the dendrimers' surface functionalities, from this chemistry one can envision patterned dendrimers that incorporate multiple groups to increase the function and utility of the dendrimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian H. Schlick
- Montana State University, 103 Chemistry & Biochemistry Building, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Joel R. Morgan
- Montana State University, 103 Chemistry & Biochemistry Building, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Julianna J. Weiel
- Montana State University, 103 Chemistry & Biochemistry Building, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Melissa S. Kelsey
- Montana State University, 103 Chemistry & Biochemistry Building, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Mary J. Cloninger
- Montana State University, 103 Chemistry & Biochemistry Building, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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Ciolkowski M, Rozanek M, Szewczyk M, Klajnert B, Bryszewska M. The influence of PAMAM-OH dendrimers on the activity of human erythrocytes ATPases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:2714-23. [PMID: 21806962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers are a relatively new and still not fully examined group of polybranched polymers. In this study polyamidoamine dendrimers with hydroxyl surface groups (PAMAM-OH) of third, fourth and fifth generation (G3, G4 and G5) were examined for their ability to influence the activity of human erythrocyte plasma membrane adenosinetriphosphatases (ATPases). Plasma membrane ATPases are a group of enzymes related, among others, to the maintenance of ionic balance inside the cell. An inhibition of their activity may result in a disturbance of cell functioning. Two of examined dendrimers (G4 and G5) were found to inhibit the activity of Na(+)/K(+) ATPase and Ca(2+) ATPase by 20-30%. The observed effect was diminished when higher concentrations of dendrimers were used. The experiment with the use of pyrene as fluorescent probe sensitive to the changes in microenvironment's polarity revealed that it was an effect of dendrimers' self-aggregation. Additional studies showed that PAMAM-OH dendrimers were able to decrease the fluidity of human erythrocytes plasma membrane. Obtained results suggest that change in plasma membrane fluidity was not caused by the dendrimer-lipid interaction, but dendrimer-protein interaction. Different pattern of influence of dendrimers on ATPases activity and erythrocyte membrane fluidity suggests that observed change in ATPases activity is not a result of dendrimer-lipid interaction, but may be related to direct interaction between dendrimers and ATPases.
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Invading target cells: multifunctional polymer conjugates as therapeutic nucleic acid carriers. Front Chem Sci Eng 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-011-1203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Navath RS, Menjoge AR, Dai H, Romero R, Kannan S, Kannan RM. Injectable PAMAM dendrimer-PEG hydrogels for the treatment of genital infections: formulation and in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:1209-23. [PMID: 21615144 DOI: 10.1021/mp200027z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Local intravaginal drug therapy is preferred for treatment of ascending genital infections during pregnancy. In the present study, an in situ forming biodegradable hydrogel for sustained release of amoxicillin in the cervicovaginal region is described. A generation 4 poly(amidoamine) [G4-(NH(2))(64)] dendrimer with peripheral thiopyridyl terminations is cross-linked with 8-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG) bearing thiol terminations. The hydrogels were formulated and tested in vivo in a pregnant guinea pig model for volume, retention times, biodegradation, tolerability and transport across fetal membrane. The physicochemical characterization of the hydrogels was carried out using differential calorimetry, SEM, and confocal imaging. The hydrogels offer antibacterial activity arising from sustained release of amoxicillin from gels. The in vivo studies in guinea pig showed that 100-200 μL of gel sufficiently covered the cervicovaginal region with a residence time of at least 72 h and gel was primarily retained in the maternal tissues without crossing the fetal membranes into the fetus. The dendrimer gels were stable up to 72 h, and the in vivo biodegradation of gel occurred after 72 h; this correlated well with the in vitro degradation pattern. The pH of the vagina was not altered upon application of the gel, and none of the animals aborted up to 72 h after application of gel. The histological evaluation of the cervical tissues showed absence of edema in the epithelial cell layer, no sloughing of the epithelial or superficial mucous layer, and absence of necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the submucosal layers, confirming that tissues were tolerant to the gel. The immunohistofluorescence images showed the localization of the gel components on the superficial mucified epithelial layer. The cross-linking density and swelling of hydrogels was impacted by the polymer content, and the 10% hydrogels exhibited the highest cross-link density. The in vitro drug release studies carried out using Franz diffusion cells showed that amoxicillin release from 6 and 10% gels was sustained for 240 h as compared to 3% gels. As the polymer concentration increased to 10%, the release pattern from gels approached diffusion controlled mechanism with diffusional exponent n = 0.49. In conclusion, the biodegradable in situ forming hydrogels of the present study offer a therapeutic option to provide sustained localized delivery of amoxicillin intracervically to the pregnant woman for the treatment of ascending genital infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra S Navath
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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Mo G, Yue J, Ma P, Chen X, Huang Y, Jing X. Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic block polymers with amino groups and their conjugates with folic acid and fluorescent probes. POLYM INT 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.3074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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61
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Yang BY, Jeong JM, Lee YS, Lee DS, Chung JK, Lee MC. Facile calculation of specific rate constants and activation energies of 18F-fluorination reaction using combined processes of coat-capture–elution and microfluidics. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dai H, Navath RS, Balakrishnan B, Guru BR, Mishra MK, Romero R, Kannan RM, Kannan S. Intrinsic targeting of inflammatory cells in the brain by polyamidoamine dendrimers upon subarachnoid administration. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 5:1317-29. [PMID: 21128716 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Understanding the interactions between nanomaterials and disease processes is crucial for designing effective therapeutic approaches. This article explores the unusual neuroinflammation targeting of dendrimers (with no targeting ligands) in the brain, with significant consequences for nanoscale materials in medicine. METHOD The in vivo biodistribution of fluorescent-labeled neutral generation-4- polyamidoamine dendrimers (∼4 nm) in a rabbit model of cerebral palsy was explored following subarachnoid administration. RESULTS These dendrimers, with no targeting ligands, were localizing in activated microglia and astrocytes (cells responsible for neuroinflammation), even in regions far moved from the site of injection, in newborn rabbits with maternal inflammation-induced cerebral palsy. CONCLUSION This intrinsic ability of dendrimers to localize inactivated microglia and astrocytes can enable targeted delivery of therapeutics in disorders such as cerebral palsy, Alzheimer's and multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dai
- Department of Pediatrics (Critical Care Medicine), Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Cheng Y, Zhao L, Li Y, Xu T. Design of biocompatible dendrimers for cancer diagnosis and therapy: current status and future perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:2673-703. [PMID: 21286593 DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00097c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, nanomedicine with its promise of improved therapy and diagnostics has revolutionized conventional health care and medical technology. Dendrimers and dendrimer-based therapeutics are outstanding candidates in this exciting field as more and more biological systems have benefited from these starburst molecules. Anticancer agents can be either encapsulated in or conjugated to dendrimer and be delivered to the tumour via enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of the nanoparticle and/or with the help of a targeting moiety such as antibody, peptides, vitamins, and hormones. Imaging agents including MRI contrast agents, radionuclide probes, computed tomography contrast agents, and fluorescent dyes are combined with the multifunctional nanomedicine for targeted therapy with simultaneous cancer diagnosis. However, an important question reported with dendrimer-based therapeutics as well as other nanomedicines to date is the long-term viability and biocompatibility of the nanotherapeutics. This critical review focuses on the design of biocompatible dendrimers for cancer diagnosis and therapy. The biocompatibility aspects of dendrimers such as nanotoxicity, long-term circulation, and degradation are discussed. The construction of novel dendrimers with biocompatible components, and the surface modification of commercially available dendrimers by PEGylation, acetylation, glycosylation, and amino acid functionalization have been proposed as available strategies to solve the safety problem of dendrimer-based nanotherapeutics. Also, exciting opportunities and challenges on the development of dendrimer-based nanoplatforms for targeted cancer diagnosis and therapy are reviewed (404 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China.
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Knight JC, Edwards PG, Paisey SJ. Fluorinated contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging; a review of recent developments. RSC Adv 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ra00627d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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65
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Soliman GM, Sharma A, Maysinger D, Kakkar A. Dendrimers and miktoarm polymers based multivalent nanocarriers for efficient and targeted drug delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:9572-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11981h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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