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Denner AC, Vogler B, Messlinger K, De Col R. Role of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 receptors in rodent models of meningeal nociception - Experiments in vitro. Eur J Pain 2016; 21:843-854. [PMID: 27977070 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TRP channel ankyrin type 1 (TRPA1) is a nonselective cation channel known to be activated by environmental irritants, cold and endogenous mediators of inflammation. Activation of TRPA1 in trigeminal afferents innervating meningeal structures has recently been suggested to be involved in the generation of headaches. METHODS Two in vitro models of meningeal nociception were employed using the hemisected rodent head preparation, (1) recording of single meningeal afferents and (2) release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from the cranial dura mater. The role of TRPA1 was examined using the TRPA1 agonists acrolein and mustard oil (MO). BCTC, an inhibitor of TRP vanilloid type 1 receptor channels (TRPV1), and the TRPA1 inhibitor HC030031 as well as mice with genetically deleted TRPA1 and TRPV1 proteins, were used to differentiate between effects. RESULTS Acrolein did not cause discharge activity in meningeal Aδ- or C-fibres but increased the electrical activation threshold. Acrolein was also effective in releasing CGRP from the dura of TRPV1-/- but not of TRPA1-/- mice. MO increased the discharge activity of afferent fibres from rat as well as C57 wild-type and TRPA1-/- but not TRPV1-/- mice. The effect was higher in C57 compared to TRPA1-/- mice. CONCLUSION Sole TRPA1 receptor channel activation releases CGRP and increases the activation threshold of meningeal afferents but does not generate propagated activity, and so would be capable of causing local effects like vasodilatation but not pain generation. In contrast, combined TRPA1 and TRPV1 activation may be rather pronociceptive supporting headache generation. SIGNIFICANCE Sole activation of TRPA1 receptor channels increases the activation threshold but does not cause propagated action potentials in meningeal afferents. TRPA1 agonists cause CGRP release from rodent dura mater. Peripheral TRPA1 receptors may have a pronociceptive function in trigeminal nociception only in combination with TRPV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Denner
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - B Vogler
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - K Messlinger
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - R De Col
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
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52
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Jacobs B, Dussor G. Neurovascular contributions to migraine: Moving beyond vasodilation. Neuroscience 2016; 338:130-144. [PMID: 27312704 PMCID: PMC5083225 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is the third most common disease worldwide, the most common neurological disorder, and one of the most common pain conditions. Despite its prevalence, the basic physiology and underlying mechanisms contributing to the development of migraine are still poorly understood and development of new therapeutic targets is long overdue. Until recently, the major contributing pathophysiological event thought to initiate migraine was cerebral and meningeal arterial vasodilation. However, the role of vasodilation in migraine is unclear and recent findings challenge its necessity. While vasodilation itself may not contribute to migraine, it remains possible that vessels play a role in migraine pathophysiology in the absence of vasodilation. Blood vessels consist of a variety of cell types that both release and respond to numerous mediators including growth factors, cytokines, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nitric oxide (NO). Many of these mediators have actions on neurons that can contribute to migraine. Conversely, neurons release factors such as norepinephrine and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) that act on cells native to blood vessels. Both normal and pathological events occurring within and between vascular cells could thus mediate bi-directional communication between vessels and the nervous system, without the need for changes in vascular tone. This review will discuss the potential contribution of the vasculature, specifically endothelial cells, to current neuronal mechanisms hypothesized to play a role in migraine. Hypothalamic activity, cortical spreading depression (CSD), and dural afferent input from the cranial meninges will be reviewed with a focus on how these mechanisms can influence or be impacted by blood vessels. Together, the data discussed will provide a framework by which vessels can be viewed as important potential contributors to migraine pathophysiology, even in light of the current uncertainty over the role of vasodilation in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaine Jacobs
- Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080, United States
| | - Gregory Dussor
- Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX 75080, United States.
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53
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Weyer M, Jahnke HG, Krinke D, Zitzmann FD, Hill K, Schaefer M, Robitzki AA. Quantitative characterization of capsaicin-induced TRPV1 ion channel activation in HEK293 cells by impedance spectroscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:8529-8538. [PMID: 27722942 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9978-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of receptor activity, especially in its native cellular environment, has always been of great interest to evaluate its intrinsic but also downstream biological activity. An important group of cellular receptors are ion channels. Since they are involved in a broad range of crucial cell functions, they represent important therapeutic targets. Thus, novel analytical techniques for the quantitative monitoring and screening of biological receptor activity are of great interest. In this context, we developed an impedance spectroscopy-based label-free and non-invasive monitoring system that enabled us to analyze the activation of the transient receptor potential channel Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in detail. TRPV1 channel activation by capsaicin resulted in a reproducible impedance decrease. Moreover, concentration response curves with an EC50 value of 0.9 μM could be determined. Control experiments with non TRPV1 channel expressing HEK cells as well as experiments with the TRPV1 channel blocker ruthenium red validated the specificity of the observed impedance decrease. More strikingly, through correlative studies with a cytoskeleton restructuring inhibitor mixture and equivalent circuit analysis of the acquired impedance spectra, we could quantitatively discriminate between the direct TRPV1 channel activation and downstream-induced biological effects. In summary, we developed a quantitative impedimetric monitoring system for the analysis of TRPV1 channel activity as well as downstream-induced biological activity in living cells. It has the capabilities to identify novel ion channel activators as well as inhibitors for the TRPV1 channel but could also easily be applied to other ion channel-based receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxi Weyer
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dana Krinke
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franziska D Zitzmann
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hill
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Leipzig University, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea A Robitzki
- Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Molecular Biological-Biochemical Processing Technology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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54
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Dussor G, Cao YQ. TRPM8 and Migraine. Headache 2016; 56:1406-1417. [PMID: 27634619 PMCID: PMC5335856 DOI: 10.1111/head.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is among the most common diseases on earth and one of the most disabling, the latter due in large part to poor treatment efficacy. Development of new therapeutics is dependent on the identification of mechanisms contributing to migraine and discovery of targets for new drugs. Numerous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have implicated the transient receptor-potential M8 (TRPM8) channel in migraine. This channel is predominantly expressed on peripheral sensory neurons and is known as the sensor for cold temperature in cutaneous tissue but is also expressed on deep visceral afferents where cold is not likely a stimulus. Consequently, a number of alternative endogenous agonists have been proposed. Apart from its role in cold sensation, TRPM8 also contributes to cold allodynia after nerve injury or inflammation, and it is necessary for cooling/menthol-based analgesia. How it might contribute to migraine is less clear. The purpose of this review is to discuss the anatomical and physiological mechanisms by which meningeal TRPM8 may play a role in migraine as well as the potential of TRPM8 as a therapeutic target. TRPM8 is expressed on sensory afferents innervating the meninges, and these neurons are subject to developmental changes that may influence their contribution to migraine. As in viscera, meningeal TRPM8 channels are unlikely to be activated by temperature fluctuations and their endogenous ligands remain unknown. Preclinical migraine studies show that activation of meningeal TRPM8 by exogenous agonists can both cause and alleviate headache behaviors, depending on whether other meningeal afferents concurrently receive noxious stimuli. This is reminiscent of the fact that cold can trigger migraine in humans but menthol can also alleviate headache. We propose that both TRPM8 agonists and antagonists may be potential therapeutics, depending on how migraine is triggered in individual patients. In this regard, TRPM8 may be a novel target for personalized medicine in migraine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Dussor
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.
| | - Yu-Qing Cao
- Washington University Pain Center and Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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55
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Pérez de Vega MJ, Gómez-Monterrey I, Ferrer-Montiel A, González-Muñiz R. Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 Channel (TRPM8) Modulation: Cool Entryway for Treating Pain and Cancer. J Med Chem 2016; 59:10006-10029. [PMID: 27437828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
TRPM8 ion channels, the primary cold sensors in humans, are activated by innocuous cooling (<28 °C) and cooling compounds (menthol, icilin) and are implicated in sensing unpleasant cold stimuli as well as in mammalian thermoregulation. Overexpression of these thermoregulators in prostate cancer and in other life-threatening tumors, along with their contribution to an increasing number of pathological conditions, opens a plethora of medicinal chemistry opportunities to develop receptor modulators. This Perspective seeks to describe current known modulators for this ion channel because both agonists and antagonists may be useful for the treatment of most TRPM8-mediated pathologies. We primarily focus on SAR data for the different families of compounds and the pharmacological properties of the most promising ligands. Furthermore, we also address the knowledge about the channel structure, although still in its infancy, and the role of the TRPM8 protein signalplex to channel function and dysfunction. We finally outline the potential future prospects of the challenging TRPM8 drug discovery field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Gómez-Monterrey
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "Federico II" de Napoli , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Ferrer-Montiel
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular. Universitas Miguel Hernández . 03202 Alicante, Spain
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Kanju P, Chen Y, Lee W, Yeo M, Lee SH, Romac J, Shahid R, Fan P, Gooden DM, Simon SA, Spasojevic I, Mook RA, Liddle RA, Guilak F, Liedtke WB. Small molecule dual-inhibitors of TRPV4 and TRPA1 for attenuation of inflammation and pain. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26894. [PMID: 27247148 PMCID: PMC4887995 DOI: 10.1038/srep26894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPV4 ion channels represent osmo-mechano-TRP channels with pleiotropic function and wide-spread expression. One of the critical functions of TRPV4 in this spectrum is its involvement in pain and inflammation. However, few small-molecule inhibitors of TRPV4 are available. Here we developed TRPV4-inhibitory molecules based on modifications of a known TRPV4-selective tool-compound, GSK205. We not only increased TRPV4-inhibitory potency, but surprisingly also generated two compounds that potently co-inhibit TRPA1, known to function as chemical sensor of noxious and irritant signaling. We demonstrate TRPV4 inhibition by these compounds in primary cells with known TRPV4 expression - articular chondrocytes and astrocytes. Importantly, our novel compounds attenuate pain behavior in a trigeminal irritant pain model that is known to rely on TRPV4 and TRPA1. Furthermore, our novel dual-channel blocker inhibited inflammation and pain-associated behavior in a model of acute pancreatitis – known to also rely on TRPV4 and TRPA1. Our results illustrate proof of a novel concept inherent in our prototype compounds of a drug that targets two functionally-related TRP channels, and thus can be used to combat isoforms of pain and inflammation in-vivo that involve more than one TRP channel. This approach could provide a novel paradigm for treating other relevant health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yong Chen
- Dept of Neurology, Duke University, Durham NC USA
| | - Whasil Lee
- Dept of Neurology, Duke University, Durham NC USA
| | - Michele Yeo
- Dept of Neurology, Duke University, Durham NC USA
| | - Suk Hee Lee
- Dept of Neurology, Duke University, Durham NC USA
| | - Joelle Romac
- Dept of Medicine, Duke University, Durham NC USA
| | - Rafiq Shahid
- Dept of Medicine, Duke University, Durham NC USA
| | - Ping Fan
- Dept of Medicine, Duke University, Durham NC USA
| | | | | | | | - Robert A Mook
- Dept of Medicine, Duke University, Durham NC USA.,Dept of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham NC USA
| | | | - Farshid Guilak
- Dept of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University in St Louis and Shriners Hospitals for Children, St Louis MO USA
| | - Wolfgang B Liedtke
- Dept of Neurology, Duke University, Durham NC USA.,Dept of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham NC USA.,Dept of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham NC USA.,Neurology Clinics for Headache, Head-Pain and Trigeminal Sensory Disorders, Duke University, Durham NC USA
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57
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Zhang X, Strassman AM, Novack V, Brin MF, Burstein R. Extracranial injections of botulinum neurotoxin type A inhibit intracranial meningeal nociceptors' responses to stimulation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels: Are we getting closer to solving this puzzle? Cephalalgia 2016; 36:875-86. [PMID: 26984967 PMCID: PMC4959034 DOI: 10.1177/0333102416636843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Administration of onabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) to peripheral tissues outside the calvaria reduces the number of days chronic migraine patients experience headache. Because the headache phase of a migraine attack, especially those preceded by aura, is thought to involve activation of meningeal nociceptors by endogenous stimuli such as changes in intracranial pressure (i.e. mechanical) or chemical irritants that appear in the meninges as a result of a yet-to-be-discovered sequence of molecular/cellular events triggered by the aura, we sought to determine whether extracranial injections of BoNT-A alter the chemosensitivity of meningeal nociceptors to stimulation of their intracranial receptive fields. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using electrophysiological techniques, we identified 161 C- and 135 Aδ-meningeal nociceptors in rats and determined their mechanical response threshold and responsiveness to chemical stimulation of their dural receptive fields with TRPV1 and TRPA1 agonists seven days after BoNT-A administration to different extracranial sites. Two paradigms were compared: distribution of 5 U BoNT-A to the lambdoid and sagittal sutures alone, and 1.25 U to the sutures and 3.75 U to the temporalis and trapezius muscles. RESULTS Seven days after it was administered to tissues outside the calvaria, BoNT-A inhibited responses of C-type meningeal nociceptors to stimulation of their intracranial dural receptive fields with the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin and the TRPA1 agonist mustard oil. BoNT-A inhibition of responses to capsaicin was more effective when the entire dose was injected along the suture lines than when it was injected into muscles and sutures. As in our previous study, BoNT-A had no effect on non-noxious mechanosensitivity of C-fibers or on responsiveness of Aδ-fibers to mechanical and chemical stimulation. DISCUSSION This study demonstrates that extracranial administration of BoNT-A suppresses meningeal nociceptors' responses to stimulation of their intracranial dural receptive fields with capsaicin and mustard oil. The findings suggest that surface expression of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels in dural nerve endings of meningeal nociceptors is reduced seven days after extracranial administration of BoNT-A. In the context of chronic migraine, reduced sensitivity to molecules that activate meningeal nociceptors through the TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels can be important for BoNT-A's ability to act as a prophylactic.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiChun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Andrew M Strassman
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Victor Novack
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Israel Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
| | | | - Rami Burstein
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, USA Harvard Medical School, USA
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58
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Daiutolo BV, Tyburski A, Clark SW, Elliott MB. Trigeminal Pain Molecules, Allodynia, and Photosensitivity Are Pharmacologically and Genetically Modulated in a Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2015; 33:748-60. [PMID: 26472135 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2015.4087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The pain-signaling molecules, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), are implicated in the pathophysiology of post-traumatic headache (PTH) as they are for migraine. This study assessed the changes of inducible NOS (iNOS) and its cellular source in the trigeminal pain circuit, as well as the relationship between iNOS and CGRP after controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury in mice. The effects of a CGRP antagonist (MK8825) and sumatriptan on iNOS messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein were compared to vehicle at 2 weeks postinjury. Changes in CGRP levels in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) in iNOS knockouts with CCI were compared to wild-type (WT) mice at 3 days and 2 weeks post injury. Trigeminal allodynia and photosensitivity were measured. MK8825 and sumatriptan increased allodynic thresholds in CCI groups compared to vehicle (p < 0.01), whereas iNOS knockouts were not different from WT. Photosensitivity was attenuated in MK8825 mice and iNOS knockouts compared to WT (p < 0.05). MK8825 and sumatriptan reduced levels of iNOS mRNA and iNOS immunoreactivity in the TNC and ganglia (p < 0.01). Differences in iNOS cellular localization were found between the trigeminal ganglia and TNC. Although the knockout of iNOS attenuated CGRP at 3 days (p < 0.05), it did not reduce CGRP at 2 weeks. CGRP immunoreactivity was found in the meningeal layers post-CCI, while negligible in controls. Findings support the importance of interactions between CGRP and iNOS in mediating allodynia, as well as the individual roles in photosensitivity. Mitigating prolonged increases in CGRP may be a promising intervention for treating acute PTH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany V Daiutolo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashley Tyburski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shannon W Clark
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Melanie B Elliott
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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59
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Borkum JM. Migraine Triggers and Oxidative Stress: A Narrative Review and Synthesis. Headache 2015; 56:12-35. [PMID: 26639834 DOI: 10.1111/head.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blau theorized that migraine triggers are exposures that in higher amounts would damage the brain. The recent discovery that the TRPA1 ion channel transduces oxidative stress and triggers neurogenic inflammation suggests that oxidative stress may be the common denominator underlying migraine triggers. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to present and discuss the available literature on the capacity of common migraine triggers to generate oxidative stress in the brain. METHODS A Medline search was conducted crossing the terms "oxidative stress" and "brain" with "alcohol," "dehydration," "water deprivation," "monosodium glutamate," "aspartame," "tyramine," "phenylethylamine," "dietary nitrates," "nitrosamines," "noise," "weather," "air pollutants," "hypoglycemia," "hypoxia," "infection," "estrogen," "circadian," "sleep deprivation," "information processing," "psychosocial stress," or "nitroglycerin and tolerance." "Flavonoids" was crossed with "prooxidant." The reference lists of the resulting articles were examined for further relevant studies. The focus was on empirical studies, in vitro and of animals, of individual triggers, indicating whether and/or by what mechanism they can generate oxidative stress. RESULTS In all cases except pericranial pain, common migraine triggers are capable of generating oxidative stress. Depending on the trigger, mechanisms include a high rate of energy production by the mitochondria, toxicity or altered membrane properties of the mitochondria, calcium overload and excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation and activation of microglia, and activation of neuronal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase. For some triggers, oxidants also arise as a byproduct of monoamine oxidase or cytochrome P450 processing, or from uncoupling of nitric oxide synthase. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress is a plausible unifying principle behind the types of migraine triggers encountered in clinical practice. The possible implications for prevention and for understanding the nature of the migraine attack are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Borkum
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA.,Health Psych Maine, Waterville, ME, USA
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60
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Ferrari LF, Bogen O, Green P, Levine JD. Contribution of Piezo2 to endothelium-dependent pain. Mol Pain 2015; 11:65. [PMID: 26497944 PMCID: PMC4619430 DOI: 10.1186/s12990-015-0068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We evaluated the role of a mechanically-gated ion channel, Piezo2, in mechanical stimulation-induced enhancement of hyperalgesia produced by the pronociceptive vasoactive mediator endothelin-1, an innocuous mechanical stimulus-induced enhancement of hyperalgesia that is vascular endothelial cell dependent. We also evaluated its role in a preclinical model of a vascular endothelial cell dependent painful peripheral neuropathy. Results The local administration of oligodeoxynucleotides antisense to Piezo2 mRNA, at the site of nociceptive testing in the rat’s hind paw, but not intrathecally at the central terminal of the nociceptor, prevented innocuous stimulus-induced enhancement of hyperalgesia produced by endothelin-1 (100 ng). The mechanical hyperalgesia induced by oxaliplatin (2 mg/kg. i.v.), which was inhibited by impairing endothelial cell function, was similarly attenuated by local injection of the Piezo2 antisense. Polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated for the first time the presence of Piezo2 mRNA in endothelial cells. Conclusions These results support the hypothesis that Piezo2 is a mechano-transducer in the endothelial cell where it contributes to stimulus-dependent hyperalgesia, and a model of chemotherapy-induced painful peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz F Ferrari
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0440, USA.
| | - Oliver Bogen
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0440, USA.
| | - Paul Green
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0440, USA.
| | - Jon D Levine
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0440, USA.
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61
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Ren F, Zhang H, Qi C, Gao ML, Wang H, Li XQ. Blockade of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 promotes regeneration after sciatic nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:1324-31. [PMID: 26487864 PMCID: PMC4590249 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.162770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) provides the sensation of pain (nociception). However, it remains unknown whether TRPV1 is activated after peripheral nerve injury, or whether activation of TRPV1 affects neural regeneration. In the present study, we established rat models of unilateral sciatic nerve crush injury, with or without pretreatment with AMG517 (300 mg/kg), a TRPV1 antagonist, injected subcutaneously into the ipsilateral paw 60 minutes before injury. At 1 and 2 weeks after injury, we performed immunofluorescence staining of the sciatic nerve at the center of injury, at 0.3 cm proximal and distal to the injury site, and in the dorsal root ganglia. Our results showed that Wallerian degeneration occurred distal to the injury site, and neurite outgrowth and Schwann cell regeneration occurred proximal to the injury. The number of regenerating myelinated and unmyelinated nerve clusters was greater in the AMG517-pretreated rats than in the vehicle-treated group, most notably 2 weeks after injury. TRPV1 expression in the injured sciatic nerve and ipsilateral dorsal root ganglia was markedly greater than on the contralateral side. Pretreatment with AMG517 blocked this effect. These data indicate that TRPV1 is activated or overexpressed after sciatic nerve crush injury, and that blockade of TRPV1 may accelerate regeneration of the injured sciatic nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ren
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Mei-Ling Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xia-Qing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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Zakharov A, Vitale C, Kilinc E, Koroleva K, Fayuk D, Shelukhina I, Naumenko N, Skorinkin A, Khazipov R, Giniatullin R. Hunting for origins of migraine pain: cluster analysis of spontaneous and capsaicin-induced firing in meningeal trigeminal nerve fibers. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:287. [PMID: 26283923 PMCID: PMC4516892 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trigeminal nerves in meninges are implicated in generation of nociceptive firing underlying migraine pain. However, the neurochemical mechanisms of nociceptive firing in meningeal trigeminal nerves are little understood. In this study, using suction electrode recordings from peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve in isolated rat meninges, we analyzed spontaneous and capsaicin-induced orthodromic spiking activity. In control, biphasic single spikes with variable amplitude and shapes were observed. Application of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) agonist capsaicin to meninges dramatically increased firing whereas the amplitudes and shapes of spikes remained essentially unchanged. This effect was antagonized by the specific TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine. Using the clustering approach, several groups of uniform spikes (clusters) were identified. The clustering approach combined with capsaicin application allowed us to detect and to distinguish "responder" (65%) from "non-responder" clusters (35%). Notably, responders fired spikes at frequencies exceeding 10 Hz, high enough to provide postsynaptic temporal summation of excitation at brainstem and spinal cord level. Almost all spikes were suppressed by tetrodotoxin (TTX) suggesting an involvement of the TTX-sensitive sodium channels in nociceptive signaling at the peripheral branches of trigeminal neurons. Our analysis also identified transient (desensitizing) and long-lasting (slowly desensitizing) responses to the continuous application of capsaicin. Thus, the persistent activation of nociceptors in capsaicin-sensitive nerve fibers shown here may be involved in trigeminal pain signaling and plasticity along with the release of migraine-related neuropeptides from TRPV1 positive neurons. Furthermore, cluster analysis could be widely used to characterize the temporal and neurochemical profiles of other pain transducers likely implicated in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Zakharov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia
- Department of Physiology, Kazan State Medical UniversityKazan, Russia
| | - C. Vitale
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland
| | - E. Kilinc
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland
- Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, Abant Izzet Baysal UniversityBolu, Turkey
| | - K. Koroleva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland
| | - D. Fayuk
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland
| | - I. Shelukhina
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RASMoscow, Russia
| | - N. Naumenko
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland
| | - A. Skorinkin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and BiophysicsKazan, Russia
| | - R. Khazipov
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia
- INSERM U901/Aix Marseille UniversityMarseille, France
| | - R. Giniatullin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal UniversityKazan, Russia
- Department of Neurobiology, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland
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Pathophysiology of Medication Overuse Headache: Current Status and Future Directions. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF HEADACHES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15621-7_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Cravatt BF. TRP channels-Convergent sites of action for phytochemicals and endogenous lipid transmitters that regulate human sensation and physiology. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:1083. [PMID: 25406930 DOI: 10.1021/cn500263c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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