Two Versatile N,N‘-Bipyridine-Type Ligands for Preparing Organic−Inorganic Coordination Polymers: New Cobalt- and Nickel-Containing Framework Materials

High efficiency of mechanosynthesized Zn-based metal–organic frameworks in photodegradation of congo red under UV and visible light

Three zinc(ii) MOFs containing azine-functionalized pores were studied for degradation of congo red from aqueous solutions under UV and/or visible light irradiation without auxiliary oxidants such as H₂O₂.

High photodegradation efficiency of phenol by mixed-metal–organic frameworks

Four MOFs, TMU-5, TMU-5(Cd 15%), TMU-5(Cd 30%) and (TMU-7) were synthesized and studied for phenol degradation from aqueous solutions under UV and/or visible light irradiation without auxiliary oxidants such as H₂O₂.

Sonochemical synthesis of nanoplates of two Cd(II) based metal-organic frameworks and their applications as precursors for preparation of nano-materials

Nano plates of two Cd(II)-based metal-organic frameworks, [Cd2(oba)2(4-bpdb)2]n ·(DMF)x(TMU-8) and [Cd(oba)(4,4'-bipy)]n ·(DMF)y (TMU-9) were synthesized via sonochemical reaction by using various time and concentrations of initial reagents and power of irradiation and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and IR spectroscopy. Moreover, the effect of triethylamine on speed of nucleation during the synthesis was investigated. Thermolysis of these MOFs at 550°C under air atmosphere yields CdO nanoparticles.

Application of a Zn(ii) based metal–organic framework as an efficient solid-phase extraction sorbent for preconcentration of plasticizer compounds

A solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent, a Zn(ii) based metal–organic framework, was prepared via a simple, solventless, green and a low-cost mechanosynthesis process.

Single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation of an anion exchangeable dynamic metal–organic framework

A 3D cationic Metal–Organic Framework has been fabricated with a neutral N-donor ligand and Cd(ClO₄)₂ which shows guest triggered dynamic behaviour at room temperature. This structural dynamism has been demonstrated from the SCSC transformation experiment.

Rapid mechanochemical synthesis of two new Cd(ii)-based metal–organic frameworks with high removal efficiency of Congo red

Two new three-dimensional porous Cd(ii)-based metal–organic frameworks, TMU-8 and TMU-9, with high performance in adsorption of Congo red.

Efficient adsorption of Europhtal onto activated carbon modified with ligands (1E,2E)-1,2-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)hydrazine (M) and (1E,2E)-1,2-bis(pyridin-3-ylmethylene)hydrazine (SCH-4); response surface methodology

Porous activated carbon was modified with (1E,2E)-1,2-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)hydrazine (M) and (1E,2E)-1,2-bis(pyridin-3-ylmethylene)hydrazine (SCH-4).

Binary co-crystals of the active pharmaceutical ingredient 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene and camphoric acid

Co-crystals comprising the active pharmaceutical ingredient 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene, C12H10N4, and the chiral co-formers (+)-, (-)- and (rac)-camphoric acid (cam), C10H16O4, have been synthesized. Two different stoichiometries of the API and co-former are obtained, namely 1:1 and 3:2. Crystallization experiments suggest that the 3:2 co-crystal is kinetically favoured over the 1:1 co-crystal. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the co-crystals reveals N-H...O hydrogen bonding as the primary driving force for crystallization of the supramolecular structures. The 1:1 co-crystal contains undulating hydrogen-bonded ribbons, in which the chiral cam molecules impart a helical twist. The 3:2 co-crystal contains discrete Z-shaped motifs comprising three molecules of the API and two molecules of cam. The 3:2 co-crystals with (+)-cam, (-)-cam (space group P21) and (rac)-cam (space group P21/n) are isostructural. The enantiomeric co-crystals contain pseudo-symmetry consistent with space group P21/n, and the co-crystal with (rac)-cam represents a solid solution between the co-crystals containing (+)-cam and (-)-cam.

Solid state structural transformation of bromide coordination polymer to chloride by anion replacement; new precursors for preparation of PbBr2 and PbCl2 nanoparticles

Reversible anion-exchange of 2D lead(ii) coordination polymers from [Pb(4-bpdb)Br₂]_n (1) to [Pb(4-bpdb)Cl₂]_n (2) by solid state anion-replacement has been studied.

Anion influence on transformations of a nonporous 3D to porous 3D coordination polymer

This work is a new strategy for the preparation of a porous metal–organic framework from a nonporous coordination polymer by a solid state reaction.

Ultrasound assisted synthesis of a Zn(ii) metal–organic framework with nano-plate morphology using non-linear dicarboxylate and linear N-donor ligands

Nano-plates of TMU-4 were obtained upon ultrasonic irradiation.

Influence of an amine group on the highly efficient reversible adsorption of iodine in two novel isoreticular interpenetrated pillared-layer microporous metal–organic frameworks

Two isoreticular two-fold interpenetrated microporous Zn(ii)-MOFs are compared with each other for the encapsulation of iodine.

Supramolecular assembly in metal complexes: Two structural cases

With the current advances in our understanding of molecular components in the solid-state world, the relation between energy and geometry remains controversial. In this study, we deliver a concise account for supramolecular chemistry, and in order to illustrate some of its concepts we describe some structural and theoretical analyses for two unique cases of our work. We elaborate on a supramolecular model of controlled “one-pot” host–guest metal-mediated self-assembly reaction inside iron coordination polymer grid architecture, and we review halogen bonding by specifically observing M–Cl···Cl–M intermolecular interactions using Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) hit analyses with theoretical calculations.

Synthesis, crystal structures and luminescent properties of two one-dimensional cadmium(II) coordination polymers generated from polydentate Schiff-base ligand

Two new one-dimensional coordination polymers {[CdL(2)(H(2)O)(2)](NO(3))(2)(H(2)O)(6)}(n) (1) and {[CdLI(2)](H(2)O)(CH(3)OH)}(n) (2) have been synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, TG technique, XRPD and complete single crystal structure analyses, where L is bis(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)biphenyl-2,2'-dicarbohydrazide. The Cd(II) atom has a distorted octahedral coordination geometry with N(4)O(2) donors from four ligands and two water molecules in 1 and a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry with NOI(2) donors from two ligands and two I(-) anions in 2, respectively. Polymer 1 shows a 1D framework structure containing bimetallic 42-membered quadrangular ring units. The adjacent 1D chains are interacted forming a 3D supramolecular network structure through multiform hydrogen bond interactions. In comparison with 1, polymer 2 is a new rampart-type chain and each chain is interacted with each other through hydrogen bond interactions to lead a 2D layer. The luminescent properties of the polymers 1 and 2 were investigated in the solid state at room temperature.

Sonochemical syntheses of a nanoparticles cadmium(II) supramolecule as a precursor for the synthesis of cadmium(II) oxide nanoparticles

Nanoparticles of a three-dimensional supramolecular Cd(II) compound, [Cd(L)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] (1), (L(-)=1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate), have been synthesized by a sonochemical process and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, IR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The thermal stability of compound 1 in both its bulk and nano-size has been studied by thermal gravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA) and compared with each other. Concentration of initial reagents effects on size and morphology of nano-structured compound 1, have been studied. Calcination of the single crystals and nano-sized compound 1 at 650°C under air atmosphere yields CdO nanoparticles.

Two one-dimensional d¹⁰-metal coordination polymers based on polydentate Schiff-base ligand: synthesis, crystal structure and luminescent properties

Two one-dimensional d(10)-metal coordination polymers {[AgL(H(2)O)](2)[AgL(NO(3))](2)(NO(3))(2)L(H(2)O)(2)}(n) (1) and [ZnLCl(2)](n) (2) (L=N,N'-bis-(1-pyridin-4-yl-ethylidene)-hydrazine) have been synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, TG technique, XRPD and X-ray crystallography. Polymer 1 contains two types of 1D Ag-double-chain units. Ag(1)-double-chain unit is formed by linking two adjacent Ag(1)-L-chains through face-to-face π⋯π interactions, while Ag(2)-double-chain unit is formed through the combination of coordinating NO(3)(-) anions bridging interactions and π⋯π interactions between two adjacent Ag(2)-L-chains. Free ligands interact with the adjacent Ag(1)-double-chain units and Ag(2)-double-chain units to form a 3D supramolecular structure through multiform hydrogen bonds. For polymer 2, each ligand acts as a bis-monodentate bridging ligand to bind adjacent Zn(II) centers forming a one-dimensional chain structure. Furthermore, 1D chain is held together with its neighboring ones via CH⋯π interactions. The luminescent properties of the polymers 1 and 2 were investigated in the solid state at room temperature.

Metal‐Containing Polymers

The article provides an overview of the synthesis, properties, and applications of metal‐containing polymers. The past decade has shown an exponential increase in synthetic methods, resulting in metal‐containing polymers, their characterization techniques, and their potential application into a variety of fields, including chemistry, medicine, biotechnology, and more.

C-Methylcalix[4]resorcinarene–1,4-bis(pyridin-3-yl)-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene (1/2)

In the title compound, 2C₁₂H₁₀N₄·C₃₂H₃₂O₈, the calixarene adopts a rctt conformation with dihedral angles of 138.40 (1) and 9.10 (1)° between the opposite rings. The dihedral angles between the rings of the pyridine derivative are 8.80 (1) and 9.20 (1)°. In the crystal, adjacent C-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene molecules are connected into columns parallel to [010] by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds between the axial phenoxyl groups and bipyridine molecules link the columns into sheets parallel to (011), which are connected by O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. Further O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the bipyridine and C-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene molecules, giving rise to a three-dimensional network.

Sonochemical syntheses of a new nano-plate cadmium(II) coordination polymer as a precursor for the synthesis of cadmium(II) oxide nanoparticles

Nanoplates of the three-dimensional coordination polymer, {[Cd(3)(3-pyc)(4)(N(3))(2)(H(2)O)](n) (1), 3-pyc(-)=pyridine-3-carboxylate), have been synthesized by a sonochemical process and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, IR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. Cadmium(II) oxide nanoparticles were prepared from thermal decomposition in oleic acid and direct calcination of compound 1 at different temperatures. The thermal stability of nano-sized compound 1 was studied by thermal gravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA). Results show that the size and morphology of the CdO nanoparticles are dependent upon the particles size of compound 1 and the thermolysis temperature. A decrease in the particle size of compound 1 leads to a decrease in the particle size of the CdO, while an increase in the processing temperature leads to an increase in the particle size of the produced cadmium(II) oxide nano-particles.

Using a new ligand for solid phase extraction of mercury

The octadecyl silica cartridge as a sorbent and 4-bp db (1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene) as a ligand is a simple, rapid and reliable method for extracting and preconcentrating of Hg(II) in real samples prior to cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. Sample solutions were passed through a column at pH 4.5 then retained mercury ions on the column were eluted with minimal amount of 0.01 M nitric acid with 3 mL min(-1) flow rate. The effect of pH, type of buffer, flow rate of sample and eluent, type and volume of the eluent were investigated and optimized. At optimum effective parameters, concentration factor and detection limit were achieved 128 and 1.87 ng L(-1), respectively.

Synthesis, crystal structure and luminescent properties of one new inorganic-organic hybrid compound [O2NBzQL]4[Cd(SCN)4(NCS)2] (O2NBzQL=1-(4'-NO2-benzyl)quinolinium cation)

A new inorganic-organic hybrid compound [O2NBzQL]4[Cd(SCN)4(NCS)2] (O2NBzQL=1-(4'-NO2-benzyl)quinolinium cation) has been synthesized and characterized by IR, UV, elemental analysis and X-ray crystallography. Cd(II) atom has an distorted octahedral environment with an N4S2 donor set. In solid state there are three types of face-to-face π-π interactions between adjacent cations and multiform C-H⋯S and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds between [O2NBzQL]+ cations and cadmium thiocyanate anions. The luminescent properties of the title compound were both investigated in H2O solution and in solid state at room temperature, respectively.

Fluorescent coordination polymeric gel from tartaric acid-assisted self-assembly

A fluorescent organogel is obtained from the reaction of Zn(OAc)(2) x 2 H(2)O, 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene (bpd), and tartaric acid (H(4)tar) in methanol. The gel is proposed to have formed by the cross-linking of linear 1D coordination polymers [Zn(bpd)](n) with tartarate coligand in a highly random fashion which entrapped the solvent molecules through hydrogen-bonding interactions between the tar coligand and solvent molecules. Higher dimensional coordination polymeric structure is proposed for this gel based on the corresponding complexes formed by oxalic and succinic acids. The presence of three components is essential for the gelation. Interestingly, organogelation of the coordination polymer has induced remarkable fluorescence properties in the weakly emissive bpd. Such fluorescence enhancement is attributed to the reduction in nonradiative decay in the aggregated state. The organogel exhibits viscoelastic behavior as evidenced from the rheological studies.