51
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Marker SC, MacMillan SN, Zipfel WR, Li Z, Ford PC, Wilson JJ. Photoactivated in Vitro Anticancer Activity of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Bearing Water-Soluble Phosphines. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:1311-1331. [PMID: 29323880 PMCID: PMC8117114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fifteen water-soluble rhenium compounds of the general formula [Re(CO)3(NN)(PR3)]+, where NN is a diimine ligand and PR3 is 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA), tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine (THP), or 1,4-diacetyl-1,3,7-triaza-5-phosphabicylco[3.3.1]nonane (DAPTA), were synthesized and characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. The complexes bearing the THP and DAPTA ligands exhibit triplet-based luminescence in air-equilibrated aqueous solutions with quantum yields ranging from 3.4 to 11.5%. Furthermore, the THP and DAPTA complexes undergo photosubstitution of a CO ligand upon irradiation with 365 nm light with quantum yields ranging from 1.1 to 5.5% and sensitize the formation of 1O2 with quantum yields as high as 70%. In contrast, all of the complexes bearing the PTA ligand are nonemissive and do not undergo photosubstitution upon irradiation with 365 nm light. These compounds were evaluated as photoactivated anticancer agents in human cervical (HeLa), ovarian (A2780), and cisplatin-resistant ovarian (A2780CP70) cancer cell lines. All of the complexes bearing THP and DAPTA exhibited a cytotoxic response upon irradiation with minimal toxicity in the absence of light. Notably, the complex with DAPTA and 1,10-phenanthroline gave rise to an IC50 value of 6 μM in HeLa cells upon irradiation, rendering it the most phototoxic compound in this library. The nature of the photoinduced cytotoxicity of this compound was explored in further detail. These data indicate that the phototoxic response may result from the release of both CO and the rhenium-containing photoproduct, as well as the production of 1O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra C. Marker
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Warren R. Zipfel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Peter C. Ford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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52
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Mansour AM, Friedrich A. IClick cycloaddition reaction of light-triggered manganese(i) carbonyl complexes. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01838c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For a binuclear blue-light-induced CO-releasing manganese(i) tricarbonyl complex bearing bidentate ligand, the effect of the ancillary ligand on the dark stability and photolysis process was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Mansour
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Cairo University
- Cairo 12613
- Egypt
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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53
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Askes SH, Reddy GU, Wyrwa R, Bonnet S, Schiller A. Red Light-Triggered CO Release from Mn 2(CO) 10 Using Triplet Sensitization in Polymer Nonwoven Fabrics. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15292-15295. [PMID: 28969423 PMCID: PMC5668889 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Applicability of phototherapeutic CO-releasing molecules (photoCORMs) is limited because they are activated by harmful and poorly tissue-penetrating near-ultraviolet light. Here, a strategy is demonstrated to activate classical photoCORM Mn2(CO)10 using red light (635 nm). By mixing in solution a triplet photosensitizer (PS) with the photoCORM and shining red light, energy transfer occurs from triplet excited-state 3PS* to a photolabile triplet state of Mn2(CO)10, which, like under near-UV irradiation, led to complete release of carbonyls. Crucially, such "triplet-sensitized CO-release" occurred in solid-state materials: when PS and Mn2(CO)10 were embedded in electrospun nonwoven fabrics, CO was liberated upon irradiation with low-intensity red light (≤36 mW 635 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven H.
C. Askes
- Institute
for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - G. Upendar Reddy
- Institute
for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ralf Wyrwa
- INNOVENT
e.V. Technologieentwicklung Jena, Prüssingstraße 27 B, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Schiller
- Institute
for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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54
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Ling K, Men F, Wang WC, Zhou YQ, Zhang HW, Ye DW. Carbon Monoxide and Its Controlled Release: Therapeutic Application, Detection, and Development of Carbon Monoxide Releasing Molecules (CORMs). J Med Chem 2017; 61:2611-2635. [PMID: 28876065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is attracting increasing attention because of its role as a gasotransmitter with cytoprotective and homeostatic properties. Carbon monoxide releasing molecules (CORMs) are spatially and temporally controlled CO releasers that exhibit superior and more effective pharmaceutical traits than gaseous CO because of their chemistry and structure. Experimental and preclinical research in animal models has shown the therapeutic potential of inhaled CO and CORMs, and the biological effects of CO and CORMs have also been observed in preclinical trials via the genetic modulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In this review, we describe the pharmaceutical use of CO and CORMs, methods of detecting CO release, and developments in CORM design and synthesis. Many valuable clinical CORMs formulated using macromolecules and nanomaterials are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Ling
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China
| | - Fang Men
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Wei-Ci Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China
| | - Ya-Qun Zhou
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China
| | - Hao-Wen Zhang
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China
| | - Da-Wei Ye
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430030 , China
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55
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Reddy G U, Liu J, Hoffmann P, Steinmetzer J, Görls H, Kupfer S, Askes SHC, Neugebauer U, Gräfe S, Schiller A. Light-responsive paper strips as CO-releasing material with a colourimetric response. Chem Sci 2017; 8:6555-6560. [PMID: 28989681 PMCID: PMC5627354 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc01692a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is known for its multifaceted role in human physiology, and molecules that release CO in a controlled way have been proposed as therapeutic drugs. In this work, a light-responsive CO-releasing molecule (CORM-Dabsyl) showed a strong colourimetric response upon photochemical CO-release, owing to the tight conjugation of a Mn(i) tricarbonyl centre to a dabsyl chromophoric ligand (L). Whereas the complex was very stable in the dark in nitrogen-purged aqueous media, CO-release was effectively triggered using 405 nm irradiation. CORM-Dabsyl, L and the inactive product iCORM-Dabsyl have been investigated by DFT and TD-DFT calculations. Only mild toxicity of CORM-Dabsyl was observed against LX-2 and HepaRG® human cell lines (IC50 ∼ 30 μM). Finally, to develop a CO storage and release material that is readily applicable to therapeutic situations, CORM-Dabsyl was loaded on low-cost and easily disposable paper strips, from which the light triggered CO-release was conveniently visible with the naked eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendar Reddy G
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany .
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany .
| | - Patrick Hoffmann
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Albert-Einstein-Str. 9 , D-07745 Jena , Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC) , Jena University Hospital , Am Klinikum 1 , D-07747 Jena , Germany
| | - Johannes Steinmetzer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) , Abbe Center for Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Helmholtzweg 4 , D-07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany .
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) , Abbe Center for Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Helmholtzweg 4 , D-07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Sven H C Askes
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany .
| | - Ute Neugebauer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Albert-Einstein-Str. 9 , D-07745 Jena , Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC) , Jena University Hospital , Am Klinikum 1 , D-07747 Jena , Germany
| | - Stefanie Gräfe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC) , Abbe Center for Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Helmholtzweg 4 , D-07743 Jena , Germany
| | - Alexander Schiller
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry (IAAC) , Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstr. 8 , D-07743 Jena , Germany .
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56
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Photochemical studies of cis -[Ru(bpy) 2 (4-bzpy)(CO)](PF 6 ) 2 and cis -[Ru(bpy) 2 (4-bzpy)(Cl)](PF 6 ): Blue light-induced nucleobase binding. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 173:144-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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57
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58
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Li Z, Pierri AE, Huang PJ, Wu G, Iretskii AV, Ford PC. Dinuclear PhotoCORMs: Dioxygen-Assisted Carbon Monoxide Uncaging from Long-Wavelength-Absorbing Metal–Metal-Bonded Carbonyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:6094-6104. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b03138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Agustin E. Pierri
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Po-Ju Huang
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Guang Wu
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Alexei V. Iretskii
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental
Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan 49783, United States
| | - Peter C. Ford
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
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59
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Mansour AM. Visible light photoactivatable CO releasing manganese (I) tricarbonyl complexes: Experimental and DFT studies. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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60
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Ward JS, Morgan R, Lynam JM, Fairlamb IJS, Moir JWB. Toxicity of tryptophan manganese(i) carbonyl (Trypto-CORM), against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:346-352. [PMID: 30108750 PMCID: PMC6072082 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00603e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The potential for carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CO-RMs) as antimicrobials represents an exciting prospective in the fight against antibiotic resistance. Trypto-CORM, a tryptophan-containing manganese(i) carbonyl, is toxic against E. coli following photo-activation. Here, we demonstrate that Trypto-CORM is toxic against Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the absence of photoactivation. Trypto-CORM toxicity was reversed by the high CO affinity globin leg-haemoglobin (Leg-Hb), indicating that the toxicity is due to CO release. Release of CO from Trypto-CORM in the dark was also detected with Leg-Hb (but not myoglobin) in vitro. N. gonorrhoeae is more sensitive to CO-based toxicity than other model bacterial pathogens, and may serve as a viable candidate for antimicrobial therapy using CO-RMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Ward
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , York , YO10 5DD , UK
- Department of Biology , University of York , Heslington , York , YO10 5DD , UK .
| | - Rebecca Morgan
- Department of Biology , University of York , Heslington , York , YO10 5DD , UK .
| | - Jason M Lynam
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , York , YO10 5DD , UK
| | - Ian J S Fairlamb
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , Heslington , York , YO10 5DD , UK
- Biological Physical Sciences Institute (BPSI) , University of York , York YO10 5DD , UK
| | - James W B Moir
- Department of Biology , University of York , Heslington , York , YO10 5DD , UK .
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61
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Ayudhya TI, Raymond CC, Dingra NN. Hexamethylenetetramine carboxyborane: synthesis, structural characterization and CO releasing properties. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:882-889. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03856e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
HMTA-CB is the first amine carboxyborane that yields CO under physiological conditions and is suitable for utilization as a slow CO-releaser.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. I. Ayudhya
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences
- Florida SouthWestern State College
- Fort Myers
- USA
| | - C. C. Raymond
- Chemistry Department
- State University of New York at Oswego
- Oswego
- USA
| | - N. N. Dingra
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences
- Florida SouthWestern State College
- Fort Myers
- USA
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62
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Mansour AM, Friedrich A. The CO release properties of κ2N1,N2Mn(i) tricarbonyl photoCORMs with tridentate benzimidazole coligands. Inorg Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qi00390k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The κ2N1,N2bidentate mode of tridentate benzimidazole ligand is changed into meridional, tridentate one upon illumination at 468 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Mansour
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Cairo University
- Cairo 12613
- Egypt
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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63
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Li WP, Su CH, Tsao LC, Chang CT, Hsu YP, Yeh CS. Controllable CO Release Following Near-Infrared Light-Induced Cleavage of Iron Carbonyl Derivatized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for CO-Assisted Synergistic Treatment. ACS NANO 2016; 10:11027-11036. [PMID: 28024357 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) causes the dysfunction of mitochondria to induce the apoptosis of cancer cells giving a promising choice as an emerging treatment. The currently reported CO-based complexes still suffer from many limitations. Synthesis of CO-release carriers in the manner of on-demand control is highly anticipated. In this study, we present a near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive CO-delivery nanocarrier, a PEGylated iron carbonyl derivatized Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticle (NP). Taking the structural characteristic containing Fe3+-N≡C-Fe2+ unit, the -CN- served as the active sites for the coordination of iron carbonyl, while the surface Fe sites chelated with the amine-functionalized polyethylene glycol (NH2-PEG6000-NH2) to yield PEGylated PB NPs carrying CO. The control of light intensity and exposure period is important to release the amount of CO as well as to deliver the hyperthermia effect. The combination therapy including CO and photothermal treatments displayed a synergistic effect against cancer cells. Importantly, the release of CO is inert in the blood circulation without NIR irradiation. The blood oxygen saturation measured by the pulse oximeter and the HCO3, tCO2, and pH values analyzed by the blood assay revealed the steady status from the mice studies, showing no acute CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Peng Li
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Su
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Chuan Tsao
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Sheng Yeh
- Department of Chemistry and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 701, Taiwan
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64
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Ford PC. From curiosity to applications. A personal perspective on inorganic photochemistry. Chem Sci 2016; 7:2964-2986. [PMID: 29997786 PMCID: PMC6003602 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00188b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, the photochemistry and photophysics of transition metal compounds has blossomed from a relatively niche topic to a major research theme. Applications arising from the elucidation of the fundamental principles defining this field now range from probing the rates and mechanisms of small molecules with metalloproteins to light activated molecular machines. Offered here is a personal perspective of metal complex photochemistry drawn from this author's long involvement with this field. Several examples are described. Topics include characterizing key excited states and tuning these to modify chemical reactivity and/or photoluminescence properties, as well as using photoreactions as an entry to reactive intermediates relevant to homogeneous catalysts. This is followed by discussions of applying these concepts to developing precursors and precursor-antenna conjugates for the photochemical delivery of small molecule bioregulators to physiological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Ford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93110-9510 , USA .
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65
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Michael E, Abeyrathna N, Patel AV, Liao Y, Bashur CA. Incorporation of photo-carbon monoxide releasing materials into electrospun scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2016; 11:025009. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/2/025009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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66
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Yang S, Chen M, Zhou L, Zhang G, Gao Z, Zhang W. Photo-activated CO-releasing molecules (PhotoCORMs) of robust sawhorse scaffolds [μ(2)-OOCR(1), η(1)-NH2CHR(2)(C = O] OCH3, Ru(I)2CO4]. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:3727-33. [PMID: 26812138 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04479k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A class of sawhorse-type ruthenium(i) complexes featuring a stable CORM sphere with diverse carboxylic and amino acid derivatives were synthesized and validated as lead structures for photo-activated CO-releasing molecules (PhotoCORMs). The CO release of these CORMs was triggered by 365 nm UV irradiation. Cell viability studies indicated that 3a and 3f were non-toxic both in the dark and in UV light, making them excellent lead structures for therapeutic CORMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
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67
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Marhenke J, Trevino K, Works C. The chemistry, biology and design of photochemical CO releasing molecules and the efforts to detect CO for biological applications. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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68
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Abstract
The potential of carbon monoxide to act as a therapeutic agent is now well-established. In this Perspective, we examine the growth of photoCORMs from their origins in the photophysics of metal carbonyls to the latest visible-light agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Wright
- Energy Materials Laboratory
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich NR4 7TJ
- UK
| | - Joseph A. Wright
- Energy Materials Laboratory
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich NR4 7TJ
- UK
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69
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Small Signaling Molecules and CO-Releasing Molecules (CORMs) for the Modulation of the Cellular Redox Metabolism. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN APPLIED BASIC RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-30705-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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70
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Palao E, Slanina T, Muchová L, Šolomek T, Vítek L, Klán P. Transition-Metal-Free CO-Releasing BODIPY Derivatives Activatable by Visible to NIR Light as Promising Bioactive Molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 138:126-33. [PMID: 26697725 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs) are chemical agents used to administer CO as an endogenous, biologically active molecule. A precise spatial and temporal control over the CO release is the major requirement for their applications. Here, we report the synthesis and properties of a new generation of transition-metal-free carbon monoxide-releasing molecules based on BODIPY chromophores (COR-BDPs) activatable by visible-to-NIR (up to 730 nm) light. We demonstrate their performance for both in vitro and in vivo experimental settings, and we propose the mechanism of the CO release based on steady-state and transient spectroscopy experiments and quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Palao
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Tomáš Šolomek
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Petr Klán
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University , Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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71
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Nguyen D, Boyer C. Macromolecular and Inorganic Nanomaterials Scaffolds for Carbon Monoxide Delivery: Recent Developments and Future Trends. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:895-913. [PMID: 33429521 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is as an important biological gasomediator. It plays significant roles in anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and antiapoptotic pathways. Preclinical evidence in animal models has proven the beneficial effects of controlled CO gas administration. However, the medical use of CO gas has been hindered due to its administration. Indeed, its toxicity at high concentrations and the challenging delivery to specific target sites are the limiting factors. To overcome these problems, a wide range of CO-releasing molecules have been designed, and some have emerged as potential therapeutic agents. Despite some successes, these small CO-releasing molecules have limited stability in biologic media resulting in an unspecific release of CO, which could result in side effects. CO-releasing macromolecular and inorganic nanomaterial scaffolds have emerged as promising carriers due to their ability to encapsulate and deliver high amounts of CO-releasing molecules. Furthermore, polymer architecture could be designed for the controlled release of CO under specific stimuli. After highlighting some recent developments in the design of CO-releasing scaffolds, this review will discuss strategies and possible future directions of CO releasing macromolecules and inorganic nanomaterials for potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diep Nguyen
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, and ‡Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Gate 2, High Street, Sydney, Australia 2052
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, and Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Gate 2, High Street, Sydney, Australia 2052
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72
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Nagel C, McLean S, Poole RK, Braunschweig H, Kramer T, Schatzschneider U. Introducing [Mn(CO)3(tpa-κ(3)N)](+) as a novel photoactivatable CO-releasing molecule with well-defined iCORM intermediates - synthesis, spectroscopy, and antibacterial activity. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:9986-97. [PMID: 24855638 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51848e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
[Mn(CO)3(tpa-κ(3)N)]Br was prepared as a novel photoactivatable CO-releasing molecule (PhotoCORM) from [MnBr(CO)5] and tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (tpa) for the delivery of carbon monoxide to biological systems, with the κ(3)N binding mode of the tetradentate tpa ligand demonstrated by X-ray crystallography. The title compound is a CORM prodrug stable in solution in the dark for up to 16 h. However, photoactivation at 365 nm leads to CO release from the metal coordination sphere and transfer to haem proteins, as demonstrated by the standard myoglobin assay. Different iCORM intermediates could be detected with solution IR spectroscopy and assigned using DFT vibrational calculations. The antibacterial activity of the complex was studied on Escherichia coli. No effects were observed when the cultures were either kept in the dark in the presence of PhotoCORM or illuminated in the absence of metal complex. However, photoactivation of [Mn(CO)3(tpa-κ(3)N)]Br at 365 nm led to the appearance of the spectral signatures of CO-coordinated haems in the terminal oxidases of the bacterial electron transport chain in whole-cell UV/Vis absorption spectra. Significant internalization of the PhotoCORM was demonstrated by ICP-MS measurement of the intracellular manganese concentration. In particular when using medium with succinate as the sole carbon source, a very pronounced and concentration-dependent decrease in the E. coli growth rate could be observed upon illumination in the presence of metal complex, which is attributed to the constrained energy metabolism under these conditions and a strong indicator of terminal oxidase inhibition by carbon monoxide delivered from the PhotoCORM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Nagel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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73
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Synthesis, toxicities and cell proliferation inhibition of CO-releasing molecules containing cobalt. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-015-9931-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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74
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Liu H, Gong Y, Zhang T, Li N, Zhao Q, Chen Y, Liu B, Zheng Y. Syntheses, Cytotoxicity and Properties of CO Releasing Molecules Containing Acetyl Salicylamide-3-pyridine. CHINESE J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201400824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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75
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Sharma R, Knoll JD, Ancona N, Martin PD, Turro C, Kodanko JJ. Solid-phase synthesis as a platform for the discovery of new ruthenium complexes for efficient release of photocaged ligands with visible light. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:1901-11. [PMID: 25611351 DOI: 10.1021/ic502791y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium-based photocaging groups have important applications as biological tools and show great potential as therapeutics. A method was developed to rapidly synthesize, screen, and identify ruthenium-based caging groups that release nitriles upon irradiation with visible light. A diverse library of tetra- and pentadentate ligands was synthesized on polystyrene resin. Ruthenium complexes of the general formula [Ru(L)(MeCN)n](m+) (n = 1-3, m = 1-2) were generated from these ligands on solid phase and then cleaved from resin for photochemical analysis. Data indicate a wide range of spectral tuning and reactivity with visible light. Three complexes that showed strong absorbance in the visible range were synthesized by solution phase for comparison. Photochemical behavior of solution- and solid-phase complexes was in good agreement, confirming that the library approach is useful in identifying candidates with desired photoreactivity in short order, avoiding time-consuming chromatography and compound purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajgopal Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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76
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Inaba H, Fujita K, Ueno T. Design of biomaterials for intracellular delivery of carbon monoxide. Biomater Sci 2015; 3:1423-38. [DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00210a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this mini-review, current development of biomaterials as carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs) for intracellular applications is summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Inaba
- Department of Chemistry
- Roger Adams Laboratory
- University of Illinois
- Urbana
- USA
| | - Kenta Fujita
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8501
- Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering
- Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8501
- Japan
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77
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Pierri AE, Huang PJ, Garcia JV, Stanfill JG, Chui M, Wu G, Zheng N, Ford PC. A photoCORM nanocarrier for CO release using NIR light. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:2072-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06766e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymer conjugates with upconverting nanoparticles serve as water-soluble nanocarriers for NIR-photochemical delivery of CO from hydrophobic photoCORMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin E. Pierri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry
| | - Po-Ju Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - John V. Garcia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - James G. Stanfill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - Megan Chui
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - Guang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - Peter C. Ford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Santa Barbara
- USA
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78
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Pereira JCM, Iretskii AV, Han RM, Ford PC. Dinitrosyl Iron Complexes with Cysteine. Kinetics Studies of the Formation and Reactions of DNICs in Aqueous Solution. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 137:328-36. [DOI: 10.1021/ja510393q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Clayston Melo Pereira
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
- Departamento
de Química Geral e Inorgânica, Instituto de Química
de Araraquara, UNESP − Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801−970, Brazil
| | - Alexei V. Iretskii
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan 49783, United States
| | - Rui-Min Han
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 59 ZhongGuanCun St., Beijing, 100872, China
| | - Peter C. Ford
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
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79
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Kohlenstoffmonoxid freisetzende Moleküle für die therapeutische CO-Verabreichung in vivo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201311225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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80
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García-Gallego S, Bernardes GJL. Carbon-monoxide-releasing molecules for the delivery of therapeutic CO in vivo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9712-21. [PMID: 25070185 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201311225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The development of carbon-monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs) as pharmaceutical agents represents an attractive and safer alternative to administration of gaseous CO. Most CORMs developed to date are transition-metal carbonyl complexes. Although such CORMs have showed promising results in the treatment of a number of animal models of disease, they still lack the necessary attributes for clinical development. Described in this Minireview are the methods used for CORM selection, to date, and how new insights into the reactivity of metal-carbonyl complexes in vivo, together with advances in methods for live-cell CO detection, are driving the design and synthesis of new CORMs, CORMs that will enable controlled CO release in vivo in a spatial and temporal manner without affecting oxygen transport by hemoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra García-Gallego
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge (UK); Present Address: Polymer and Fibre Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm (Sweden)
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81
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Klein M, Neugebauer U, Gheisari A, Malassa A, Jazzazi TMA, Froehlich F, Westerhausen M, Schmitt M, Popp J. IR Spectroscopic Methods for the Investigation of the CO Release from CORMs. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:5381-90. [DOI: 10.1021/jp503407u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Klein
- Leibniz Institute
of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse
9, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ute Neugebauer
- Leibniz Institute
of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse
9, D-07745 Jena, Germany
- Center
for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee
101, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Ali Gheisari
- Leibniz Institute
of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse
9, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Astrid Malassa
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstrasse 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Taghreed M. A. Jazzazi
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstrasse 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Frank Froehlich
- Leibniz Institute
of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse
9, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstrasse 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute
of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse
9, D-07745 Jena, Germany
- Center
for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Erlanger Allee
101, D-07747 Jena, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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82
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Stamellou E, Storz D, Botov S, Ntasis E, Wedel J, Sollazzo S, Krämer BK, van Son W, Seelen M, Schmalz HG, Schmidt A, Hafner M, Yard BA. Different design of enzyme-triggered CO-releasing molecules (ET-CORMs) reveals quantitative differences in biological activities in terms of toxicity and inflammation. Redox Biol 2014; 2:739-48. [PMID: 25009775 PMCID: PMC4085349 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyloxydiene–Fe(CO)3 complexes can act as enzyme-triggered CO-releasing molecules (ET-CORMs). Their biological activity strongly depends on the mother compound from which they are derived, i.e. cyclohexenone or cyclohexanedione, and on the position of the ester functionality they harbour. The present study addresses if the latter characteristic affects CO release, if cytotoxicity of ET-CORMs is mediated through iron release or inhibition of cell respiration and to what extent cyclohexenone and cyclohexanedione derived ET-CORMs differ in their ability to counteract TNF-α mediated inflammation. Irrespective of the formulation (DMSO or cyclodextrin), toxicity in HUVEC was significantly higher for ET-CORMs bearing the ester functionality at the outer (rac-4), as compared to the inner (rac-1) position of the cyclohexenone moiety. This was paralleled by an increased CO release from the former ET-CORM. Toxicity was not mediated via iron as EC50 values for rac-4 were significantly lower than for FeCl2 or FeCl3 and were not influenced by iron chelation. ATP depletion preceded toxicity suggesting impaired cell respiration as putative cause for cell death. In long-term HUVEC cultures inhibition of VCAM-1 expression by rac-1 waned in time, while for the cyclohexanedione derived rac-8 inhibition seems to increase. NFκB was inhibited by both rac-1 and rac-8 independent of IκBα degradation. Both ET-CORMs activated Nrf-2 and consequently induced the expression of HO-1. This study further provides a rational framework for designing acyloxydiene–Fe(CO)3 complexes as ET-CORMs with differential CO release and biological activities. We also provide a better understanding of how these complexes affect cell-biology in mechanistic terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Stamellou
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany ; Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - D Storz
- Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Botov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - E Ntasis
- Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - J Wedel
- Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Sollazzo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - B K Krämer
- Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
| | - W van Son
- Department of Nephrology, Academic Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Seelen
- Department of Nephrology, Academic Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H G Schmalz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - A Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Hafner
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - B A Yard
- Vth. Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University, Heidelberg Mannheim, Germany
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83
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Chakraborty I, Carrington SJ, Mascharak PK. Photodelivery of CO by designed PhotoCORMs: correlation between absorption in the visible region and metal-CO bond labilization in carbonyl complexes. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1266-74. [PMID: 24756950 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of photoactive CO-releasing molecules (photoCORMs) have called for close examination of the roles of the ligand(s) and the central metal atoms on the overall photochemical labilization of the metal-CO bonds. Along this line, we have synthesized four metal complexes, namely, [MnBr(azpy)(CO)3 ] (1), [Mn(azpy)(CO)3 (PPh3 )]ClO4 (2), [ReBr(azpy)(CO)3 ] (3), and [Re(azpy)(CO)3 (PPh3 )]ClO4 (4), derived from 2-phenylazopyridine. These complexes were characterized by spectroscopic and crystallographic studies. Although both 1 and 3 exhibit strong metal-to-ligand charge-transfer bands in the 500-600 nm region, only 1 photoreleases CO upon illumination with visible light. Results of theoretical studies were used to gain insight into this surprising difference. Strong spin-orbit coupling (prominent in heavy metals) appears to promote intersystem crossing to a triplet state in 3, a step that discourages CO release upon illumination with visible light. Slow release of CO from 2 and 4 also indicates that strong σ-donating ligands, such as Br(-) , accelerate the rate of CO photorelease relative to π-acid ligands, such as PPh3 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 (USA)
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84
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Heinemann SH, Hoshi T, Westerhausen M, Schiller A. Carbon monoxide--physiology, detection and controlled release. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3644-60. [PMID: 24556640 PMCID: PMC4072318 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49196j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is increasingly recognized as a cell-signalling molecule akin to nitric oxide (NO). CO has attracted particular attention as a potential therapeutic agent because of its reported anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory and cell-protective effects. We discuss recent progress in identifying new effector systems and elucidating the mechanisms of action of CO on, e.g., ion channels, as well as the design of novel methods to monitor CO in cellular environments. We also report on recent developments in the area of CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) and materials for controlled CO application. Novel triggers for CO release, metal carbonyls and degradation mechanisms of CORMs are highlighted. In addition, potential formulations of CORMs for targeted CO release are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan H. Heinemann
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB), Department of Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena & Jena University Hospital, Hans-Knöll-Straße 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Toshinori Hoshi
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Curie Boulevard, 605 CRB, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6085, USA
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Schiller
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 8, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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85
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Heme oxygenase enzymes, which exist as constitutive (HO-2) and inducible (HO-1) isoforms, degrade heme to carbon monoxide (CO) and the bile pigment biliverdin. In the last two decades, substantial scientific evidence has been collected on the function of HO-1 in cell homeostasis, emphasizing these two important features: (i) HO-1 is a fundamental "sensor" of cellular stress and directly contributes toward limiting or preventing tissue damage; (ii) the products of HO-1 activity dynamically participate in cellular adaptation to stress and are inherently involved in the mechanisms of defence. RECENT ADVANCES On the basis of its promising cytoprotective features, scientists have pursued the targeting of HO-1 as an attractive cellular pathway for drug discovery. Three different pharmacological approaches are currently being investigated in relation to HO-1, namely the use of CO gas, the development of CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs), and small molecules possessing the ability to up-regulate HO-1 in cells and tissues. CRITICAL ISSUE: Studies on the regulation and amplification of the HO-1/CO pathway by selective pharmacological approaches may lead to the discovery of novel drugs for the treatment of a variety of diseases. FUTURE DIRECTIONS In this review, we will discuss in detail the importance of pharmacologically manipulating the HO-1 pathway and its products for conferring protection against a variety of conditions that are characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation. We will also evaluate each of the strategic approaches being developed by considering their intrinsic advantages and disadvantages, which may have implications for their use as therapeutics in specific pathological conditions.
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86
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Gonzales MA, Mascharak PK. Photoactive metal carbonyl complexes as potential agents for targeted CO delivery. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 133:127-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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87
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Wang P, Liu H, Zhao Q, Chen Y, Liu B, Zhang B, Zheng Q. Syntheses and evaluation of drug-like properties of CO-releasing molecules containing ruthenium and group 6 metal. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:199-215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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88
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Poh HT, Sim BT, Chwee TS, Leong WK, Fan WY. The Dithiolate-Bridged Diiron Hexacarbonyl Complex Na2[(μ-SCH2CH2COO)Fe(CO)3]2 as a Water-Soluble PhotoCORM. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om401013a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Tiong Poh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Bai Ting Sim
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
| | - Tsz Sian Chwee
- Institute of High Performance
Computing, Agency for Science, Research and Technology (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138632
| | - Weng Kee Leong
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University SPMS-04-01, 21 Nanyang Avenue, SPMS-CBC-06-07, Singapore 637371
| | - Wai Yip Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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89
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Pai S, Hafftlang M, Atongo G, Nagel C, Niesel J, Botov S, Schmalz HG, Yard B, Schatzschneider U. New modular manganese(i) tricarbonyl complexes as PhotoCORMs: in vitro detection of photoinduced carbon monoxide release using COP-1 as a fluorogenic switch-on probe. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:8664-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00254g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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90
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Chen L, Jiang X, Wang X, Long L, Zhang J, Liu X. A kinetic analysis of CO release from a diiron hexacarbonyl complex promoted by amino acids. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj00661e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CO release from [Fe2{μ-SCH2CH(OH)CH2(OH)}(CO)6] initiated by amino acids depends highly on the nature of the acids. Among the examined amino acids, glutamate, a ligand with a chelating effect and an additional functional group, exhibits the best efficiency in promoting the CO release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Chen
- School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
- Ganzhou 341000, China
- College of Biological
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
| | - Xiujuan Jiang
- College of Biological
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Xiu Wang
- College of Biological
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Li Long
- College of Biological
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Jiayao Zhang
- College of Biological
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
- Ganzhou 341000, China
- College of Biological
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
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91
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Pierri AE, Muizzi DA, Ostrowski AD, Ford PC. Photo-Controlled Release of NO and CO with Inorganic and Organometallic Complexes. LUMINESCENT AND PHOTOACTIVE TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES AS BIOMOLECULAR PROBES AND CELLULAR REAGENTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/430_2014_164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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92
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Jiang X, Long L, Wang H, Chen L, Liu X. Diiron hexacarbonyl complexes as potential CO-RMs: CO-releasing initiated by a substitution reaction with cysteamine and structural correlation to the bridging linkage. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:9968-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt53620c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Substitution-initiated CO-releasing rate of diiron hexacarbonyl complexes are highly dependent on their bridging linkages and the complexes of the “open” form release CO much faster than those of the “close” form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Jiang
- College of Biological
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Li Long
- College of Biological
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- College of Biological
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001, China
| | - Limei Chen
- School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
- Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- College of Biological
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001, China
- School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering
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93
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Romanski S, Stamellou E, Jaraba JT, Storz D, Krämer BK, Hafner M, Amslinger S, Schmalz HG, Yard BA. Enzyme-triggered CO-releasing molecules (ET-CORMs): evaluation of biological activity in relation to their structure. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:78-88. [PMID: 23774042 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Acyloxydiene-Fe(CO)3 complexes act as enzyme-triggered CO-releasing molecules (ET-CORMs) and can deliver CO intracellularly via esterase-mediated hydrolysis. The protective properties of structurally different ET-CORMs on hypothermic preservation damage and their ability to inhibit VCAM-1 expression were tested on cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) using a structure-activity approach. Cytotoxicity of ET-CORMs, protection against hypothermic preservation damage, and inhibition of VCAM-1 expression were assessed. Cytotoxicity of 2-cyclohexenone and 1,3-cyclohexanedione-derived ET-CORMs was more pronounced in HUVEC compared to PTEC and was dependent on the position and type of the ester (acyloxy) substituent(s) (acetate>pivalate>palmitate). Protection against hypothermic preservation injury was only observed for 2-cyclohexenone-derived ET-CORMs and was not mediated by the ET-CORM decomposition product 2-cyclohexenone itself. Structural requirements for protection by these ET-CORMs were different for HUVEC and PTEC. Protection was affected by the nature of the ester functionality in both cell lines. VCAM-1 expression was inhibited by both 2-cyclohexenone- and 1,3-cyclohexanedione-derived ET-CORMs. 2-Cyclohexenone, but not 1,3-cyclohexanedione, also inhibited VCAM-1 expression. We demonstrate that structural alterations of ET-CORMs significantly affect their biological activity. Our data also indicate that different ET-CORMs behave differently in various cell types (epithelial vs endothelial). These findings warrant further studies not only to elucidate the structure-activity relation of ET-CORMs in mechanistic terms but also to assess if structural optimization will yield ET-CORMs with restricted cell specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Romanski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - E Stamellou
- Vth Medical Department, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - J T Jaraba
- Vth Medical Department, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - D Storz
- Vth Medical Department, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - B K Krämer
- Vth Medical Department, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Hafner
- Institut für Molekülar- and Zellbiologie, Hochschule Mannheim, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Amslinger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - H G Schmalz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr. 4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - B A Yard
- Vth Medical Department, University Hospital Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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94
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Kunz PC, Meyer H, Barthel J, Sollazzo S, Schmidt AM, Janiak C. Metal carbonyls supported on iron oxide nanoparticles to trigger the CO-gasotransmitter release by magnetic heating. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:4896-8. [PMID: 23609342 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41411f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide, maghemite (Fe2O3) nanoparticles with covalent surface-bound CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) can be triggered to release CO through heating in an alternating magnetic field. In the proof-of-concept study the rate of CO-release from [RuCl(CO3)(μ-DOPA)]@maghemite nanoparticles was doubled upon exposure to an external alternating magnetic field (31.7 kAm(-1), 247 kHz, 25 °C, 39.9 mTesla, DOPA = dioxyphenyl-alaninato).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Kunz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Universität Düsseldorf, 40204 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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95
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Ford PC. Photochemical delivery of nitric oxide. Nitric Oxide 2013; 34:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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96
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Abstract
Since the discovery that CO acts as a cytoprotective and homeostatic molecule, increasing research efforts have been devoted to the exploitation of its therapeutic effects. Both endogenous and exogenous CO improves experimental lung, vascular and cardiac injuries and protects against several inflammatory states. The technology is now in place to bring CO to clinical applications, but the use of the gaseous molecule poses several problems. The challenges associated with the clinical implementation of the gas have in part been answered by the development of CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs). As stable solid forms of CO, these molecules represent an alternative to the administration of carbon monoxide (orally or by injection). In this article, we present insights into the biochemical action of CO and discuss the efficacy of CO and CO-RMs in preclinical disease models. Recent advances in the CO-RMs field are critically addressed.
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97
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Gonzalez MA, Carrington SJ, Chakraborty I, Olmstead MM, Mascharak PK. Photoactivity of Mono- and Dicarbonyl Complexes of Ruthenium(II) Bearing an N,N,S-Donor Ligand: Role of Ancillary Ligands on the Capacity of CO Photorelease. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:11320-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4016004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita A. Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Samantha J. Carrington
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Indranil Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Marilyn M. Olmstead
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Pradip K. Mascharak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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98
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Zobi F, Quaroni L, Santoro G, Zlateva T, Blacque O, Sarafimov B, Schaub MC, Bogdanova AY. Live-fibroblast IR imaging of a cytoprotective PhotoCORM Activated with Visible Light. J Med Chem 2013; 56:6719-31. [PMID: 23927566 DOI: 10.1021/jm400527k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide releasing molecules (CORMs) are an emerging class of pharmaceutical compounds currently evaluated in several preclinical disease models. There is general consensus that the therapeutic effects elicited by the molecules may be directly ascribed to the biological function of the released CO. It remains unclear, however, if cellular internalization of CORMs is a critical event in their therapeutic action. To address the problem of cellular delivery, we have devised a general strategy which entails conjugation of a CO-releasing molecule (here a photoactivated CORM) to the 5'-OH ribose group of vitamin B12. Cyanocobalamin (B12) functions as the biocompatible water-soluble scaffold which actively transports the CORM against a concentration gradient into the cells. The uptake and cellular distribution of this B12-photoCORM conjugate is demonstrated via synchrotron FTIR spectromicroscopy measurements on living cells. Intracellular photoinduced CO release prevents fibroblasts from dying under conditions of hypoxia and metabolic depletion, conditions that may occur in vivo during insufficient blood supply to oxygen-sensitive tissues such as the heart or brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Zobi
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zürich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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99
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Bischof C, Joshi T, Dimri A, Spiccia L, Schatzschneider U. Synthesis, spectroscopic properties, and photoinduced CO-release studies of functionalized ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes: versatile building blocks for development of CORM-peptide nucleic acid bioconjugates. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:9297-308. [PMID: 23919761 DOI: 10.1021/ic400746n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of ruthenium(II) dicarbonyl complexes of formula [RuCl2(L)(CO)2] (L = bpy(CH3,CH3) = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, bpy(CH3,CHO) = 4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine-4-carboxyaldehyde, bpy(CH3,COOH) = 4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine-4-carboxylic acid, CppH = 2-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid, dppzcH = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine-11-carboxylic acid), and [RuCl(L)(CO)2](+) (L = tpy(COOH) = 6-(2,2':6',2″-terpyridine-4'-yloxy)hexanoic acid) has been synthesized. In addition, a high-yield synthesis of a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) monomer containing the 2-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine ligand was also developed, and this compound was used to prepare the first Ru(II) dicarbonyl complex, [RuCl2(Cpp-L-PNA)(CO)2],(Cpp-L-PNA = tert-butyl-N-[2-(N-9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)aminoethyl]-N-[6-(2-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine-4-carboxamido)hexanoyl]glycinate) attached to a PNA monomer backbone. Such metal-complex PNA-bioconjugates are attracting profound interest for biosensing and biomedical applications. Characterization of all complexes has been undertaken by IR and NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and UV-vis spectroscopy. Investigation of the CO-release properties of the Ru(II) complexes in water/dimethyl sulfoxide (49:1) using the myoglobin assay showed that they are stable under physiological conditions in the dark for at least 60 min and most of them even for up to 15 h. In contrast, photoinduced CO release was observed upon illumination at 365 nm, the low-energy shoulder of the main absorption maximum centered around 300 nm, establishing these compounds as a new class of PhotoCORMs. While the two 2,2'-bipyridine complexes release 1 equiv of CO per mole of complex, the terpyridine, 2-(2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine, and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine complexes are less effective CO releasers. Attachment of the 2-(2'-pyridyl)pyrimidine complex to a PNA backbone as in [RuCl2(Cpp-L-PNA)CO2] did not significantly change the spectroscopic or CO-release properties compared to the parent complex. Thus, a novel class of Ru(II)-based PhotoCORMs has been established which can be coupled to carrier delivery vectors such as PNA to facilitate cellular uptake without loss of the inherent CORM properties of the parent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bischof
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, NC 3/74, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
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100
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Garcia JV, Zhang F, Ford PC. Multi-photon excitation in uncaging the small molecule bioregulator nitric oxide. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2013; 371:20120129. [PMID: 23776292 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Multi-photon excitation allows one to use tissue transmitting near-infrared (NIR) light to access excited states with energies corresponding to single-photon excitation in the visible or ultraviolet wavelength ranges. Here, we present an overview of the application of both simultaneous and sequential multi-photon excitation in studies directed towards the photochemical delivery ('uncaging') of bioactive small molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) to physiological targets. Particular focus will be directed towards the use of dyes with high two-photon absorption cross sections and lanthanide ion-doped upconverting nanoparticles as sensitizers to facilitate the uncaging of NO using NIR excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John V Garcia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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