51
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Ouyang B, Fang H, Dong W, Hou H. Different mechanisms both lead to the production of the naphthalene–OH adduct in the 355nm and 266nm laser flash photolysis of the mixed aqueous solution of naphthalene and nitrous acid. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2005.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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52
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Horiuchi H, Tanaka T, Yoshimura K, Sato K, Kyushin S, Matsumoto H, Hiratsuka H. Enhancement of Singlet Oxygen Sensitization of Tetraphenylporphyrin by Silylation. CHEM LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2006.662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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53
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Schmidt R. The Effect of Solvent Polarity on the Balance between Charge Transfer and Non-Charge Transfer Pathways in the Sensitization of Singlet Oxygen by ππ* Triplet States. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:5990-7. [PMID: 16671667 DOI: 10.1021/jp060017p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A large set of literature kinetic data on triplet (T(1)) sensitization of singlet oxygen by two series of biphenyl and naphthalene sensitizers in solvents of strongly different polarity has been analyzed. The rate constants and the efficiencies of singlet oxygen formation are quantitatively reproduced by a model that assumes the competition of a non-charge transfer (nCT) and a CT deactivation channel. nCT deactivation occurs from a fully established spin-statistical equilibrium of (1)(T(1)(3)Sigma) and (3)(T(1)(3)Sigma) encounter complexes by internal conversion (IC) to lower excited complexes that dissociate to yield O(2)((1)Sigma(g)(+)), O(2)((1)Delta(g)), and O(2)((3)Sigma(g)(-)). IC of (1,3)(T(1)(3)Sigma) encounter complexes is controlled by an energy gap law that is generally valid for the transfer of electronic energy to and from O(2). (1,3)(T(1)(3)Sigma) nCT complexes form in competition to IC (1)(T(1)(3)Sigma) and (3)(T(1)(3)Sigma) exciplexes if CT interactions between T(1) and O(2) are important. The rate constants of exciplex formation depend via a Marcus type parabolic model on the corresponding free energy change DeltaG(CT), which varies with sensitizer triplet energy, oxidation potential, and solvent polarity. O(2)((1)Sigma(g)(+)), O(2)((1)Delta(g)), and O(2)((3)Sigma(g)(-)) are formed in the product ratio (1/6):(1/12):(3/4) in the CT deactivation channel. The balance between nCT and CT deactivation is described by the relative contribution p(CT) of CT induced deactivation calculated for a sensitizer of known triplet energy from its quenching rate constant. It is shown how the change of p(CT) influences the quenching rate constant and the efficiency of singlet oxygen formation in both series of sensitizers. p(CT) is sensitive to differences of solvent polarity and varies for the biphenyls and the naphthalenes as sigmoidal with DeltaG(CT). This quantitative model represents a realistic and general mechanism for the quenching of pipi triplet states by O(2), surpassing previous advanced models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Str. 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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54
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Schmidt R. Quantitative Determination of 1Σg+ and 1Δg Singlet Oxygen in Solvents of Very Different Polarity. General Energy Gap Law for Rate Constants of Electronic Energy Transfer to and from O2 in the Absence of Charge Transfer Interactions. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:2622-8. [PMID: 16494371 DOI: 10.1021/jp0568172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The quenching of excited triplet states of sufficient energy by O2 leads to O2(1sigma(g)+) and O2(1delta(g)) singlet oxygen and O2(3sigma(g)-) ground-state oxygen as well. The present work investigates the question whether in the absence of charge transfer (CT) interactions between triplet sensitizer and O2 the rate constants of formation of the three different O2 product states follow a generally valid energy gap law. For that purpose, lifetimes of the upper excited O2(1sigma(g)+) have been determined in a mixture of 7 vol % benzene in carbon tetrachloride, in chloroform, and in perdeuterated acetonitrile. They amount to 1.86, 1.40, and 0.58 ns, respectively. Furthermore, rate constants of O2(1sigma(g)+), O2(1delta(g)), and O2(3sigma(g)-) formation have been measured in these three solvents for five pi pi* triplet sensitizers with negligible CT interactions. The rate constants are independent of solvent polarity. After normalization for the multiplicity of the respective O2 product state, the rate constants follow a common dependence on the excess energies of the respective product channels. This empirical energy gap relation describes also quantitatively the rate constants of quenching of O2(1delta(g)) by 28 carotenoids. Therefore, it represents in the absence of CT interactions a generally valid energy gap law for the rate constants of electronic energy transfer to and from O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Str.11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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55
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Shimizu O, Watanabe J, Naito S, Shibata Y. Quenching Mechanism of Rose Bengal Triplet State Involved in Photosensitization of Oxygen in Ethylene Glycol. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:1735-9. [PMID: 16451002 DOI: 10.1021/jp056073s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The quenching rate constants of the excited triplet state of Rose Bengal (RB) by oxygen (k(obs)) were measured in ethylene glycol (EG) at different temperatures using nanosecond laser flash photolysis. Although a plot of the quenching rate constant k(obs) for RB triplet state vs oxygen concentration is linear at 20 degrees C, the oxygen dependence of k(obs) does not exhibit linearity but upward curvature at high temperatures from 130 to 140 degrees C. The upward curvature at high temperatures is not well-described by a kinetic scheme first postulated by Gijzeman et al., which is characterized by exciplex formation and a unimolecular dissociation of the exciplex to products, but instead by a more comprehensive mechanism involving a bimolecular dissociation in addition to a unimolecular one. The measurements of the oxygen dependence of k(obs) for RB triplet state at different temperatures yielded a reaction enthalpy for the exciplex formation of 150 kJ mol(-1). Due to the large exothermic reaction enthalpy, equilibrium was obtained for the exciplex at 20 degrees C even at low oxygen concentration and the bimolecular quenching by oxygen became the major dissociation process. The equilibrium attainment and bimolecular dissociation provide a linear oxygen dependence of k(obs) to all outward appearances. Therefore, linearity does not always mean that exciplex dissociation proceeds solely through a unimolecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okiyasu Shimizu
- Photobiophysics Laboratories, Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8501, Japan.
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56
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Abstract
This work gives an overview of what is currently known about the mechanisms of the photosensitized production of singlet oxygen. Quenching of pi pi* excited triplet states by O2 proceeds via internal conversion of excited encounter complexes and exciplexes of sensitizer and O2. Both deactivation channels lead with different efficiencies to singlet oxygen generation. The balance between the deactivation channels depends on the triplet-state energy and oxidation potential of the sensitizer, and on the solvent polarity. A model has been developed that reproduces rate constants and efficiencies of the competing processes quantitatively. Sensitization by excited singlet states is much more complex and hence only qualitative rules could be elaborated, despite serious efforts of many groups. However, the most important deactivation paths of fluorescence quenching by O2 are again directed by excess energies and charge-transfer interactions similar to triplet-state quenching by O2. Finally, two recent developments in photosensitization of singlet oxygen are reviewed: Two-photon sensitizers with particular application potential for photodynamic therapy and fluorescence imaging of biological samples and singlet oxygen sensitization by nanocrystalline porous silicon, a material with very different photophysics compared to molecular sensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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57
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Belfield KD, Bondar MV, Przhonska OV. Singlet Oxygen Quantum Yield Determination for a Fluorene-Based Two-Photon Photosensitizer. J Fluoresc 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/pl00021939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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58
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Belfield KD, Bondar MV, Przhonska OV. Singlet Oxygen Quantum Yield Determination for a Fluorene-Based Two-Photon Photosensitizer. J Fluoresc 2005; 16:111-7. [PMID: 16604431 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-005-0001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The quantum yield, Phi(Delta), of singlet oxygen generation under two-photon excitation has been determined for a fluorene derivative. A photochemical method was developed using 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF), a chemical quencher of 1O2, and 2-(9,9-didecyl-7-nitrofluoren-2-yl)benzothiazole (1) as a two-photon photosensitizer (PS). The photochemical kinetics of the quencher was measured by two different fluorescence methods. Fluorene 1 exhibited relatively high singlet oxygen quantum yield, Phi(Delta) approximately 0.4 +/- 0.1, and had a two-photon absorption cross-section of 28 +/- 5 GM. Thus, 1 may have potential for use as a two-photon PS in the near-IR spectral region for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Belfield
- Department of Chemistry and College of Optics and Photonics, CREOL and FPCE, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, USA.
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59
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Mechanism of the excited singlet and triplet states quenching by molecular oxygen in acetonitrile. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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60
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Schmidt R. The balance between charge transfer and non-charge transfer pathways in the sensitization of singlet oxygen by ππ* triplet states. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2005; 4:481-6. [PMID: 15920632 DOI: 10.1039/b502735g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A charge transfer (CT) channel and a non-CT deactivation channel, both leading to formation of O(2)((1)Sigma (g)(+)), O(2)((1) Delta(g)) and O(2)((3)Sigma(g)(-)), compete in the quenching of triplet states by O(2). Recent studies by our group demonstrated that these channels are described by rather simple and general quantitative relations. In the present paper we use the detailed kinetic data on the quenching by O(2) of pi pi* triplet sensitizers of three homologous aromatic series in CCl(4) to derive a parameter, which describes the balance between CT and non-CT deactivation. This quantity, p(CT), is the relative contribution of CT mediated deactivation and is easily calculated for a sensitizer of known triplet energy from its quenching rate constant. The parameter p(CT) quantitatively describes the balance between both deactivation channels without requiring any knowledge of oxidation potentials. It is shown how the variation of p(CT) influences the efficiencies and the rate constants of O(2)((1)Sigma(g)(+)), O(2)((1)Delta(g)) and O(2)((3)Sigma(g)(-)) formation in the quenching process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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61
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Garcìa-Fresnadillo D, Georgiadou Y, Orellana G, Braun AM, Oliveros E. Singlet-Oxygen (1Δg) Production by Ruthenium(II) complexes containing polyazaheterocyclic ligands in methanol and in water. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19960790428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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62
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Yuasa J, Ohkubo K, Guldi DM, Fukuzumi S. Drastic Changes in the Lifetime and Electron Transfer and Energy Transfer Reactivity of the Triplet Excited State of p-Benzoquinone by Complex Formation with Scandium Ion Salts. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp047748e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Yuasa
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
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63
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Schmidt R. Deactivation of O2(1Δg) Singlet Oxygen by Carotenoids: Internal Conversion of Excited Encounter Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp048958u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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64
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van Dijk MA, Kapitein LC, van Mameren J, Schmidt CF, Peterman EJG. Combining Optical Trapping and Single-Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy: Enhanced Photobleaching of Fluorophores. J Phys Chem B 2004; 108:6479-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jp049805+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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65
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Horiuchi H, Ishibashi S, Tobita S, Uchida M, Sato M, Toriba KI, Otaguro K, Hiratsuka H. Photodegradation Processes of Cyanine Dyes in the Film State Induced by Singlet Molecular Oxygen. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp027299n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Horiuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and R&D, Taiyo Yuden Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma 370-0024, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ishibashi
- Department of Chemistry, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and R&D, Taiyo Yuden Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma 370-0024, Japan
| | - Seiji Tobita
- Department of Chemistry, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and R&D, Taiyo Yuden Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma 370-0024, Japan
| | - Mamoru Uchida
- Department of Chemistry, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and R&D, Taiyo Yuden Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma 370-0024, Japan
| | - Masanori Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and R&D, Taiyo Yuden Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma 370-0024, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Toriba
- Department of Chemistry, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and R&D, Taiyo Yuden Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma 370-0024, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Otaguro
- Department of Chemistry, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and R&D, Taiyo Yuden Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma 370-0024, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hiratsuka
- Department of Chemistry, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan, and R&D, Taiyo Yuden Co. Ltd., Takasaki, Gunma 370-0024, Japan
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66
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Schweitzer C, Schmidt R. Physical mechanisms of generation and deactivation of singlet oxygen. Chem Rev 2003; 103:1685-757. [PMID: 12744692 DOI: 10.1021/cr010371d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1305] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claude Schweitzer
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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67
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Schweitzer C, Mehrdad Z, Noll A, Grabner EW, Schmidt R. Mechanism of Photosensitized Generation of Singlet Oxygen during Oxygen Quenching of Triplet States and the General Dependence of the Rate Constants and Efficiencies of O2(1Σg+), O2(1Δg), and O2(3Σg-) Formation on Sensitizer Triplet State Energy and Oxidation Potential. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026189d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claude Schweitzer
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Zahra Mehrdad
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Astrid Noll
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Erich-Walter Grabner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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68
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Okamoto M, Tamai T, Tanaka F. Contribution of Diffusion to the Quenching by Oxygen of the Lowest Electronically Excited Singlet and Triplet States of Aromatic Molecules in Liquid Solution under High Pressure. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021086g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masami Okamoto
- Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan, and College of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takahisa Tamai
- Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan, and College of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Fujio Tanaka
- Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan, and College of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
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69
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Kapanidis AN, Weiss S. Fluorescent probes and bioconjugation chemistries for single-molecule fluorescence analysis of biomolecules. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1521158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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70
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Bilski P, Daub ME, Chignell CF. Direct detection of singlet oxygen via its phosphorescence from cellular and fungal cultures. Methods Enzymol 2002; 352:41-52. [PMID: 12125368 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(02)52005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In summary, we have developed methods to detect 1O2 spectrally from viable keratinocytes and fungal mycelial cultures. Both time-resolved and steady-state spectrophotometers were used, providing complementary information on optimal conditions for the unambiguous detection of 1O2 phosphorescence. By using our techniques, we were able to confirm that photosensitizers in contact with living cells indeed generate 1O2. The model systems and the procedures described can be adopted for other studies involving 1O2 and oxidative stress in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bilski
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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71
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Mehrdad Z, Noll A, Grabner EW, Schmidt R. Sensitization of singlet oxygen via encounter complexes and via exciplexes of pipi* triplet excited sensitizers and oxygen. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2002; 1:263-9. [PMID: 12661966 DOI: 10.1039/b111677k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Both excited singlet states, 1sigma(g)+ and 1delta(g), and the triplet ground state, 3sigma(g)-, of molecular oxygen are competitively formed during the quenching by O2 of triplet (T1) excited sensitizers of sufficient energy. The corresponding overall rate constants kT(1sigma), kT(1delta), and kT(3sigma) as well as the T1 state energies E(T) and the oxidation potentials E(ox), have been determined for a series of six fluorene derivatives. Graduated and in part strong charge transfer (CT) effects on kT(1sigma), kT(1delta), and kT(3sigma) are observed. These and literature data strongly indicate that quenching occurs in two different channels each capable of producing O2(1sigma(g)-), O2(1delta(g)), and O2(3sigma(g)-). One proceeds via internal conversion (IC) of excited 1,3(T1 x 3sigma) complexes with no CT character (nCT), which cannot be distinguished from encounter complexes, the other via IC of 1,3(T1 x 3sigma) exciplexes with partial CT character (pCT). The contributions of nCT and pCT deactivation channels to the overall formation of O2(1sigma(g)+), O2(1delta(g)). and O2(3sigma(g)-) depend on E(T) and E(ox). The rate constants of the nCT channel are controlled by the excess energies of the respective IC processes by an energy gap law. The rate constants of the pCT channel depend on the change of free energy deltaG(CET) for complete electron transfer from T1 excited sensitizer to O2. Equations are presented which show the functional form of the dependence of the oxygen quenching rate constants on E(T) and E(ox). Particular emphasis is laid on the question of whether these relations could generally be valid for pipi* triplet sensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mehrdad
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Str. 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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72
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Okamoto M, Tanaka F. Quenching by Oxygen of the Lowest Singlet and Triplet States of Pyrene and the Efficiency of the Formation of Singlet Oxygen in Liquid Solution under High Pressure. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013675c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masami Okamoto
- Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan, and College of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuencho, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Fujio Tanaka
- Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan, and College of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuencho, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
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73
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Fukuzumi S, Fujita S, Suenobu T, Yamada H, Imahori H, Araki Y, Ito O. Electron Transfer Properties of Singlet Oxygen and Promoting Effects of Scandium Ion. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013829o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Fujita
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Suenobu
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imahori
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Araki
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Osamu Ito
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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74
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Fukuzumi S, Fujita S, Suenobu T, Imahori H, Araki Y, Ito O. Dehydrogenation vs Oxygenation in Photosensitized Oxidation of 9-Substituted 10-Methyl-9,10-dihydroacridine in the Presence of Scandium Ion. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0128729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Fujita
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Suenobu
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imahori
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Araki
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Osamu Ito
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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75
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Mehrdad Z, Schweitzer C, Schmidt R. Formation of O2(1Σg+), O2(1Δg), and O2(3Σg-) during Oxygen Quenching of nπ* Triplet Phenyl Ketones: The Role of Charge Transfer and Sensitizer-Oxygen Complex Structure. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013363+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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76
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Hübner CG, Renn A, Renge I, Wild UP. Direct observation of the triplet lifetime quenching of single dye molecules by molecular oxygen. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1421382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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77
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Cantrell A, McGarvey DJ. Photochemical studies of 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (BM-DBM). JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2001; 64:117-22. [PMID: 11744398 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(01)00226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic UV-VIS absorption data following 355 and 266 nm nanosecond laser flash photolysis of 4-tert-butyl-4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (BM-DBM) solutions is presented. The kinetics of the decay of the non-chelated enol (NCE) produced following 355 nm excitation of BM-DBM solutions are analysed in terms of mixed 1st- and 2nd-order kinetics. The temperature dependences of the component rate constants are unusual and both 1st- and 2nd-order components display negative activation energies, which are explained by invoking pre-equilibria. In addition, it is shown for the first time that 266 nm laser photolysis of BM-DBM solutions leads to formation of the triplet state of the keto (K) form with a lifetime of approximately 500 ns. Under these conditions the triplet state of the K form is quenched by oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cantrell
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
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78
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Schmidt R, Shafii F. Influence of Charge Transfer Interactions on the Sensitization of Singlet Oxygen: Formation of O2(1Σg+), O2(1Δg), and O2(3Σg-) during Oxygen Quenching of Triplet Excited Biphenyl Derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011209h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Farokh Shafii
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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79
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Abdel-Shafi AA, Worrall DR, Wilkinson F. Singlet oxygen formation efficiencies following quenching of excited singlet and triplet states of aromatic hydrocarbons by molecular oxygen. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(01)00507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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80
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Schweitzer C, Mehrdad Z, Shafii F, Schmidt R. Common Marcus Type Dependence of the Charge Transfer Induced Processes in the Sensitization and Quenching of Singlet Oxygen by Naphthalene Derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp004540u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claude Schweitzer
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Zahra Mehrdad
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Farokh Shafii
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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81
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Schmidt R, Shafii F, Schweitzer C, Abdel-Shafi AA, Wilkinson F. Charge-Transfer and Non-Charge-Transfer Processes Competing in the Sensitization of Singlet Oxygen: Formation of O2(1Σg+), O2(1Δg), and O2(3Σg-) during Oxygen Quenching of Triplet Excited Naphthalene Derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002848f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Farokh Shafii
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Claude Schweitzer
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Ayman A. Abdel-Shafi
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Francis Wilkinson
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
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82
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Shafii F, Schmidt R. Determination of Rate Constants of Formation of O2(1Σg+), O2(1Δg), and O2(3Σg-) in the Quenching of Triplet States by O2 for Compounds with Incomplete Intersystem Crossing. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002847n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farokh Shafii
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, J. W. Goethe-Universität, Marie-Curie-Strasse 11, D60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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83
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
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84
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Abdel-Shafi AA, Wilkinson F. Charge Transfer Effects on the Efficiency of Singlet Oxygen Production Following Oxygen Quenching of Excited Singlet and Triplet States of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Acetonitrile. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0000432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman A. Abdel-Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Francis Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
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85
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Tanielian C, Mechin R, Seghrouchni R, Schweitzer C. Mechanistic and kinetic aspects of photosensitization in the presence of oxygen. Photochem Photobiol 2000; 71:12-9. [PMID: 10649884 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2000)071<0012:makaop>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Determining whether the first step of photooxygenation is Type I or Type II is a necessary prerequisite in order to establish the mechanism of photodynamic action. But this distinction is not sufficient, because other processes, both consecutive and competitive, commonly participate in the overall mechanism. Thus, in both Type I and Type II reactions, the initial products are often peroxides that can break down and induce free radical reactions. These aspects of photosensitization are discussed and illustrated by sensitizer/substrate systems involving (1) only radical reactions (decatungstate/alkane) and (2) reactions of singlet oxygen occurring in competitive and consecutive processes and possibly followed by radical reactions (methylene blue/2'-deoxyguanosine). Two other previously investigated systems involving, respectively, a Type II interaction followed by radical processes (methylene blue/alkene) and Type II reactions, some of which being competitive or consecutive (rose bengal/alkene), are briefly reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tanielian
- Laboratoire de Photochimie, Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux de Strasbourg, France.
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86
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Abdel-Shafi AA, Beer PD, Mortimer RJ, Wilkinson F. Photosensitized Generation of Singlet Oxygen from Vinyl Linked Benzo-Crown-Ether−Bipyridyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp991876z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman A. Abdel-Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire. LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire. LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Roger J. Mortimer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire. LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Francis Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K., and Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire. LE11 3TU, U.K
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87
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Monosubstituted naphthalenes as quenchers and generators of singlet molecular oxygen. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(99)00172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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88
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Cantrell A, McGarvey DJ, Mulroy L, Truscott TG. Laser Flash Photolysis Studies of the UVA Sunscreen Mexoryl SX. Photochem Photobiol 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1999.tb08138.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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89
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Wilkinson F, Abdel-Shafi AA. Mechanism of Quenching of Triplet States by Molecular Oxygen: Biphenyl Derivatives in Different Solvents. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9907995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Ayman A. Abdel-Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
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90
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Darmanyan AP, Lee W, Jenks WS. Charge Transfer Interactions in the Generation of Singlet Oxygen O2(1Δg) by Strong Electron Donors. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp984292q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Woojae Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
| | - William S. Jenks
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111
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91
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Okamoto M, Tanaka F, Hirayama S. High-Pressure Study on the Quenching Mechanism by Oxygen of the Lowest Triplet State in Solution. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp983144x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masami Okamoto
- Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Fujio Tanaka
- College of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai 599-8531, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirayama
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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92
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Kruk NN, Dzhagarov BM, Galievsky VA, Chirvony VS, Turpin PY. Photophysics of the cationic 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-N-methylpyridyl) porphyrin bound to DNA, [poly (dA-dT)]2 and [poly (dG-dC)]2: interaction with molecular oxygen studied by porphyrin triplet-triplet absorption and singlet oxygen luminescence. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 1998; 42:181-90. [PMID: 9595707 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(98)00068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interaction between molecular oxygen and the cationic free-base 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-N-methylpyridyl) porphyrin (H2TMpyP4+) complexed with [poly (dA-dT)]2, [poly (dG-dC)]2 and calf thymus DNA, has been monitored in air-saturated heavy water solutions through porphyrin triplet-triplet absorption and singlet oxygen luminescence. Three different rate constants of porphyrin triplet state quenching have been found which correspond to different accessibilities of molecular oxygen to porphyrins embedded in the duplexes. The longest triplet state lifetime (30 microseconds), found for porphyrin bound to [poly (dG-dC)]2, corresponds to molecules well protected from oxygen. This supports the hypothesis of an intercalative binding mode of the porphyrin between GC base-pairs ('type A' sites). The fraction fT delta of the porphyrin triplet states quenched by molecular oxygen with singlet oxygen generation, is unity. In [poly (dA-dT)]2-porphyrin complexes, two sites ('type B' and 'C' sites of interaction) are involved, yielding very different triplet state lifetimes (5.5 microseconds and 20.5 microseconds) and efficiencies of singlet oxygen generation (fT delta = 0.50 and 0.82). The fT delta decreases can likely be explained in terms of competition between energy and electron transfer from the porphyrin excited triplet state to molecular oxygen. All three types (A, B and C) of interaction sites can be expected in porphyrin-DNA complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Kruk
- Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus.
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93
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Mir M, Jansen LM, Wilkinson F, Bourdelande JL, Marquet J. Efficiency of singlet oxygen generation from the triplet states of nitrophenyl ethers. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(97)00325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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94
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Ritchie EL, Pastore P, Wightman RM. Free Energy Control of Reaction Pathways in Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja971537o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest L. Ritchie
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, and Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica e Analitica, Universita di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Pastore
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, and Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica e Analitica, Universita di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - R. Mark Wightman
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, and Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Metallorganica e Analitica, Universita di Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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95
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Kern JM, Sauvage JP, Weidmann JL, Armaroli N, Flamigni L, Ceroni P, Balzani V. Complexes Containing 2,9-Bis(p-biphenylyl)-1,10-phenanthroline Units Incorporated into a 56-Membered Ring. Synthesis, Electrochemistry, and Photophysical Properties. Inorg Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ic970707v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Kern
- Université Louis Pasteur, Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, URA 422 au CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France, Istituto FRAE-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre Sauvage
- Université Louis Pasteur, Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, URA 422 au CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France, Istituto FRAE-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Jean-Luc Weidmann
- Université Louis Pasteur, Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, URA 422 au CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France, Istituto FRAE-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Armaroli
- Université Louis Pasteur, Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, URA 422 au CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France, Istituto FRAE-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Flamigni
- Université Louis Pasteur, Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, URA 422 au CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France, Istituto FRAE-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Ceroni
- Université Louis Pasteur, Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, URA 422 au CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France, Istituto FRAE-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Balzani
- Université Louis Pasteur, Laboratoire de Chimie Organo-Minérale, URA 422 au CNRS, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67070 Strasbourg, France, Istituto FRAE-CNR, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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96
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Wilkinson F, Abdel-Shafi AA. Mechanism of Quenching of Triplet States by Oxygen: Biphenyl Derivatives in Acetonitrile. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp970706o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leics. LE11 3TU, U.K
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97
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Minaev BF, Mikkelsen KV, Ågren H. Collision-induced electronic transitions in complexes between benzene and molecular oxygen. Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(97)00155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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98
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Peña D, Martí C, Noneil S, Martínez LA, Miranda MA. Time-Resolved Near Infrared Studies on Singlet Oxygen Production by the Photosensitizing 2-Arylpropionic Acids. Photochem Photobiol 1997. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb01930.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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99
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Haylett AK, McNair FI, McGarvey D, Dodd NJ, Forbes E, Truscott TG, Moore JV. Singlet oxygen and superoxide characteristics of a series of novel asymmetric photosensitizers. Cancer Lett 1997; 112:233-8. [PMID: 9066733 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(96)04577-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The singlet oxygen quantum yields and superoxide quantum yields for a series of novel compounds based on an asymmetrical protoporphyrin molecule have been examined. Electron spin resonance was used to measure superoxide yield and time resolved luminescence for singlet oxygen. A comparison between these results and previously published cell survival data was carried out. A broad association was found between singlet oxygen quantum yield and clonogenic cell kill.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Haylett
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Manchester, UK
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100
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Bilski P, Chignell CF. Optimization of a pulse laser spectrometer for the measurement of the kinetics of singlet oxygen O2(delta 1g) decay in solution. JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS 1996; 33:73-80. [PMID: 8951528 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(96)00012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A simple sensitive pulse laser spectrometer to measure the kinetics of singlet oxygen decay in solution is described. It utilizes a NdYag laser for pulse excitation of the 1O2 photosensitizers perinaphthenone and Rose Bengal or eosine at 355 nm and 532 nm, respectively. Singlet oxygen phosphorescence is detected by a germanium diode, to which collimated phosphorescence light is directed by concave and parabolic mirrors via a pair of Fresnel lenses and an infrared interference filter. The 1O2 transient decays are monitored using a Hewlett Packard digitizing oscilloscope and a PC computer. The excellent sensitivity of this spectrometer allows us to easily observe 1O2 decay (1 microsecond resolution) after a single pulse of laser excitation, which is important for quenching measurements of chemical substrates that react readily with 1O2. The small sample volume (0.1 ml) prepared in quartz tubes permits fast and inexpensive data acquisition for the determination of 1O2 quenching rate constants in most solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bilski
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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