51
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Chatterjee R, Han G, Kern J, Gul S, Fuller FD, Garachtchenko A, Young ID, Weng TC, Nordlund D, Alonso-Mori R, Bergmann U, Sokaras D, Hatakeyama M, Yachandra VK, Yano J. Structural Changes Correlated with Magnetic Spin State Isomorphism in the S 2 State of the Mn 4CaO 5 Cluster in the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5236-5248. [PMID: 28044099 PMCID: PMC5201215 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00512h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mn4CaO5 cluster in Photosystem II catalyzes the four-electron redox reaction of water oxidation in natural photosynthesis. This catalytic reaction cycles through four intermediate states (Si, i = 0 to 4), involving changes in the redox state of the four Mn atoms in the cluster. Recent studies suggest the presence and importance of isomorphous structures within the same redox/intermediate S-state. It is highly likely that geometric and electronic structural flexibility play a role in the catalytic mechanism. Among the catalytic intermediates that have been identified experimentally thus far, there is clear evidence of such isomorphism in the S2 state, with a high-spin (5/2) (HS) and a low spin (1/2) (LS) form, identified and characterized by their distinct electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR spectroscopy) signals. We studied these two S2 isomers with Mn extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and absorption and emission spectroscopy (XANES/XES) to characterize the structural and electronic structural properties. The geometric and electronic structure of the HS and LS S2 states are different as determined using Mn EXAFS and XANES/XES, respectively. The Mn K-edge XANES and XES for the HS form are different from the LS and indicate a slightly lower positive charge on the Mn atoms compared to the LS form. Based on the EXAFS results which are clearly different, we propose possible structural differences between the two spin states. Such structural and magnetic redox-isomers if present at room temperature, will likely play a role in the mechanism for water-exchange/oxidation in photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Chatterjee
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division
, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
,
MS 66-0200, 1 Cyclotron Rd.
, Berkeley
, CA 94720-8099
, USA
.
;
; Tel: +1 510 486 4366
; Tel: +1 510 486 4963
| | - Guangye Han
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division
, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
,
MS 66-0200, 1 Cyclotron Rd.
, Berkeley
, CA 94720-8099
, USA
.
;
; Tel: +1 510 486 4366
; Tel: +1 510 486 4963
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division
, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
,
MS 66-0200, 1 Cyclotron Rd.
, Berkeley
, CA 94720-8099
, USA
.
;
; Tel: +1 510 486 4366
; Tel: +1 510 486 4963
- LCLS
, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
,
Menlo Park
, CA
, USA
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division
, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
,
MS 66-0200, 1 Cyclotron Rd.
, Berkeley
, CA 94720-8099
, USA
.
;
; Tel: +1 510 486 4366
; Tel: +1 510 486 4963
| | - Franklin D. Fuller
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division
, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
,
MS 66-0200, 1 Cyclotron Rd.
, Berkeley
, CA 94720-8099
, USA
.
;
; Tel: +1 510 486 4366
; Tel: +1 510 486 4963
| | - Anna Garachtchenko
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division
, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
,
MS 66-0200, 1 Cyclotron Rd.
, Berkeley
, CA 94720-8099
, USA
.
;
; Tel: +1 510 486 4366
; Tel: +1 510 486 4963
| | - Iris D. Young
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division
, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
,
MS 66-0200, 1 Cyclotron Rd.
, Berkeley
, CA 94720-8099
, USA
.
;
; Tel: +1 510 486 4366
; Tel: +1 510 486 4963
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- Center for High Pressure Science &Technology Advanced Research
,
Shanghai
, China
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- SSRL
, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
,
Menlo Park
, CA
, USA
| | | | - Uwe Bergmann
- PULSE
, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
,
Menlo Park
, CA
, USA
| | | | | | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division
, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
,
MS 66-0200, 1 Cyclotron Rd.
, Berkeley
, CA 94720-8099
, USA
.
;
; Tel: +1 510 486 4366
; Tel: +1 510 486 4963
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division
, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
,
MS 66-0200, 1 Cyclotron Rd.
, Berkeley
, CA 94720-8099
, USA
.
;
; Tel: +1 510 486 4366
; Tel: +1 510 486 4963
| |
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52
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Siggel U, Schmitt FJ, Messinger J. Gernot Renger (1937-2013): his life, Max-Volmer Laboratory, and photosynthesis research. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 129:109-127. [PMID: 27312337 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gernot Renger (October 23, 1937-January 12, 2013), one of the leading biophysicists in the field of photosynthesis research, studied and worked at the Max-Volmer-Institute (MVI) of the Technische Universität Berlin, Germany, for more than 50 years, and thus witnessed the rise and decline of photosynthesis research at this institute, which at its prime was one of the leading centers in this field. We present a tribute to Gernot Renger's work and life in the context of the history of photosynthesis research of that period, with special focus on the MVI. Gernot will be remembered for his thought-provoking questions and his boundless enthusiasm for science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Siggel
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium, TU Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Franz-Josef Schmitt
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium, TU Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Departmant of Chemistry, Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 6 (KBC huset), 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
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53
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A Practical Guide to High-resolution X-ray Spectroscopic Measurements and their Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry. Isr J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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54
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Zaharieva I, Chernev P, Berggren G, Anderlund M, Styring S, Dau H, Haumann M. Room-Temperature Energy-Sampling Kβ X-ray Emission Spectroscopy of the Mn4Ca Complex of Photosynthesis Reveals Three Manganese-Centered Oxidation Steps and Suggests a Coordination Change Prior to O2 Formation. Biochemistry 2016; 55:4197-211. [PMID: 27377097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In oxygenic photosynthesis, water is oxidized and dioxygen is produced at a Mn4Ca complex bound to the proteins of photosystem II (PSII). Valence and coordination changes in its catalytic S-state cycle are of great interest. In room-temperature (in situ) experiments, time-resolved energy-sampling X-ray emission spectroscopy of the Mn Kβ1,3 line after laser-flash excitation of PSII membrane particles was applied to characterize the redox transitions in the S-state cycle. The Kβ1,3 line energies suggest a high-valence configuration of the Mn4Ca complex with Mn(III)3Mn(IV) in S0, Mn(III)2Mn(IV)2 in S1, Mn(III)Mn(IV)3 in S2, and Mn(IV)4 in S3 and, thus, manganese oxidation in each of the three accessible oxidizing transitions of the water-oxidizing complex. There are no indications of formation of a ligand radical, thus rendering partial water oxidation before reaching the S4 state unlikely. The difference spectra of both manganese Kβ1,3 emission and K-edge X-ray absorption display different shapes for Mn(III) oxidation in the S2 → S3 transition when compared to Mn(III) oxidation in the S1 → S2 transition. Comparison to spectra of manganese compounds with known structures and oxidation states and varying metal coordination environments suggests a change in the manganese ligand environment in the S2 → S3 transition, which could be oxidation of five-coordinated Mn(III) to six-coordinated Mn(IV). Conceivable options for the rearrangement of (substrate) water species and metal-ligand bonding patterns at the Mn4Ca complex in the S2 → S3 transition are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivelina Zaharieva
- Freie Universität Berlin , Department of Physics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petko Chernev
- Freie Universität Berlin , Department of Physics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gustav Berggren
- Uppsala University , Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Anderlund
- Uppsala University , Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stenbjörn Styring
- Uppsala University , Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Holger Dau
- Freie Universität Berlin , Department of Physics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Haumann
- Freie Universität Berlin , Department of Physics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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55
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Pham LV, Messinger J. Probing S-state advancements and recombination pathways in photosystem II with a global fit program for flash-induced oxygen evolution pattern. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:848-59. [PMID: 27033305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in photosystem II catalyzes the oxidation of water to molecular oxygen. Four decades ago, measurements of flash-induced oxygen evolution have shown that the OEC steps through oxidation states S(0), S(1), S(2), S(3) and S(4) before O(2) is released and the S(0) state is reformed. The light-induced transitions between these states involve misses and double hits. While it is widely accepted that the miss parameter is S state dependent and may be further modulated by the oxidation state of the acceptor side, the traditional way of analyzing each flash-induced oxygen evolution pattern (FIOP) individually did not allow using enough free parameters to thoroughly test this proposal. Furthermore, this approach does not allow assessing whether the presently known recombination processes in photosystem II fully explain all measured oxygen yields during Si state lifetime measurements. Here we present a global fit program that simultaneously fits all flash-induced oxygen yields of a standard FIOP (2 Hz flash frequency) and of 11-18 FIOPs each obtained while probing the S(0), S(2) and S(3) state lifetimes in spinach thylakoids at neutral pH. This comprehensive data treatment demonstrates the presence of a very slow phase of S(2) decay, in addition to the commonly discussed fast and slow reduction of S(2) by YD and QB(-), respectively. Our data support previous suggestions that the S(0)→S(1) and S(1)→S(2) transitions involve low or no misses, while high misses occur in the S(2)→S(3) or S(3)→S(0) transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Vo Pham
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Biology Center (KBC), Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 6, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Biology Center (KBC), Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 6, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
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56
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Chuah WY, Stranger R, Pace RJ, Krausz E, Frankcombe TJ. Deprotonation of Water/Hydroxo Ligands in Clusters Mimicking the Water Oxidizing Complex of PSII and Its Effect on the Vibrational Frequencies of Ligated Carboxylate Groups. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:377-85. [PMID: 26727127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b09987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The IR absorptions of several first-shell carboxylate ligands of the water oxidizing complex (WOC) have been experimentally shown to be unaffected by oxidation state changes in the WOC during its catalytic cycle. Several model clusters that mimic the Mn4O5Ca core of the WOC in the S1 state, with electronic configurations that correspond to both the so-called "high" and "low" oxidation paradigms, were investigated. Deprotonation at W2, W1, or O3 sites was found to strongly reduce carboxylate ligand frequency shifts on oxidation of the metal cluster. The frequency shifts were smallest in neutrally charged clusters where the initial mean Mn oxidation state was +3, with W2 as an hydroxide and O5 a water. Deprotonation also reduced and balanced the oxidation energy of all clusters in successive oxidations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wooi Yee Chuah
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University , Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Rob Stranger
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University , Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Ron J Pace
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University , Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Elmars Krausz
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University , Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Terry J Frankcombe
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University , Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.,School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, University of New South Wales , Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600, Australia
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57
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Isobe H, Shoji M, Shen JR, Yamaguchi K. Chemical Equilibrium Models for the S3 State of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II. Inorg Chem 2015; 55:502-11. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Isobe
- Photosynthesis
Research Center, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- The
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shoji
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis
Research Center, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kizashi Yamaguchi
- The
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Institute
for NanoScience Design, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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58
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Krewald V, Retegan M, Neese F, Lubitz W, Pantazis DA, Cox N. Spin State as a Marker for the Structural Evolution of Nature’s Water-Splitting Catalyst. Inorg Chem 2015; 55:488-501. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Krewald
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr.
34–36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Marius Retegan
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr.
34–36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr.
34–36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr.
34–36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Dimitrios A. Pantazis
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr.
34–36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Nicholas Cox
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr.
34–36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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59
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Sproviero EM, Gascón JA, McEvoy JP, Brudvig GW, Batista VS. QM/MM Models of the O2-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 2:1119-34. [PMID: 26633071 DOI: 10.1021/ct060018l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces structural models of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II (PSII) in the dark-stable S1 state, as well as in the reduced S0 and oxidized S2 states, with complete ligation of the metal-oxo cluster by amino acid residues, water, hydroxide, and chloride. The models are developed according to state-of-the-art quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) hybrid methods, applied in conjunction with the X-ray crystal structure of PSII from the cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus, recently reported at 3.5 Å resolution. Manganese and calcium ions are ligated consistently with standard coordination chemistry assumptions, supported by biochemical and spectroscopic data. Furthermore, the calcium-bound chloride ligand is found to be bound in a position consistent with pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance data obtained from acetate-substituted PSII. The ligation of protein ligands includes monodentate coordination of D1-D342, CP43-E354, and D1-D170 to Mn(1), Mn(3), and Mn(4), respectively; η(2) coordination of D1-E333 to both Mn(3) and Mn(2); and ligation of D1-E189 and D1-H332 to Mn(2). The resulting QM/MM structural models are consistent with available mechanistic data and also are compatible with X-ray diffraction models and extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements of PSII. It is, therefore, conjectured that the proposed QM/MM models are particularly relevant to the development and validation of catalytic water-oxidation intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo M Sproviero
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107
| | - José A Gascón
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107
| | - James P McEvoy
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107
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60
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Isobe H, Shoji M, Shen JR, Yamaguchi K. Strong Coupling between the Hydrogen Bonding Environment and Redox Chemistry during the S2 to S3 Transition in the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:13922-33. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Isobe
- Photosynthesis
Research Center, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- The Institute
of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shoji
- Graduate School
of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis
Research Center, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kizashi Yamaguchi
- The Institute
of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
- Institute for
NanoScience Design, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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61
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Krewald V, Neese F, Pantazis DA. Resolving the Manganese Oxidation States in the Oxygen-evolving Catalyst of Natural Photosynthesis. Isr J Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201500051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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62
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Lohmiller T, Shelby ML, Long X, Yachandra VK, Yano J. Removal of Ca(2+) from the Oxygen-Evolving Complex in Photosystem II Has Minimal Effect on the Mn4O5 Core Structure: A Polarized Mn X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:13742-54. [PMID: 25989608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+)-depleted and Ca(2+)-reconstituted spinach photosystem II was studied using polarized X-ray absorption spectroscopy of oriented PS II preparations to investigate the structural and functional role of the Ca(2+) ion in the Mn4O5Ca cluster of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). Samples were prepared by low pH/citrate treatment as one-dimensionally ordered membrane layers and poised in the Ca(2+)-depleted S1 (S1') and S2 (S2') states, the S2'YZ(•) state, at which point the catalytic cycle of water oxidation is inhibited, and the Ca(2+)-reconstituted S1 state. Polarized Mn K-edge XANES and EXAFS spectra exhibit pronounced dichroism. Polarized EXAFS data of all states of Ca(2+)-depleted PS II investigated show only minor changes in distances and orientations of the Mn-Mn vectors compared to the Ca(2+)-containing OEC, which may be attributed to some loss of rigidity of the core structure. Thus, removal of the Ca(2+) ion does not lead to fundamental distortion or rearrangement of the tetranuclear Mn cluster, which indicates that the Ca(2+) ion in the OEC is not critical for structural maintenance of the cluster, at least in the S1 and S2 states, but fulfills a crucial catalytic function in the mechanism of the water oxidation reaction. On the basis of this structural information, reasons for the inhibitory effect of Ca(2+) removal are discussed, attributing to the Ca(2+) ion a fundamental role in organizing the surrounding (substrate) water framework and in proton-coupled electron transfer to YZ(•) (D1-Tyr161).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lohmiller
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720-5230, United States
| | - Megan L Shelby
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720-5230, United States
| | - Xi Long
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720-5230, United States
| | - Vittal K Yachandra
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720-5230, United States
| | - Junko Yano
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720-5230, United States
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63
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Alonso-Mori R, Sokaras D, Zhu D, Kroll T, Chollet M, Feng Y, Glownia JM, Kern J, Lemke HT, Nordlund D, Robert A, Sikorski M, Song S, Weng TC, Bergmann U. Photon-in photon-out hard X-ray spectroscopy at the Linac Coherent Light Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2015; 22:612-20. [PMID: 25931076 PMCID: PMC4416677 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515004488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) have opened unprecedented possibilities to study the structure and dynamics of matter at an atomic level and ultra-fast timescale. Many of the techniques routinely used at storage ring facilities are being adapted for experiments conducted at FELs. In order to take full advantage of these new sources several challenges have to be overcome. They are related to the very different source characteristics and its resulting impact on sample delivery, X-ray optics, X-ray detection and data acquisition. Here it is described how photon-in photon-out hard X-ray spectroscopy techniques can be applied to study the electronic structure and its dynamics of transition metal systems with ultra-bright and ultra-short FEL X-ray pulses. In particular, some of the experimental details that are different compared with synchrotron-based setups are discussed and illustrated by recent measurements performed at the Linac Coherent Light Source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Alonso-Mori
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Diling Zhu
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Mathieu Chollet
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Yiping Feng
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - James M. Glownia
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jan Kern
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Henrik T. Lemke
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Aymeric Robert
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Marcin Sikorski
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sanghoon Song
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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64
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Retegan M, Cox N, Lubitz W, Neese F, Pantazis DA. The first tyrosyl radical intermediate formed in the S2-S3 transition of photosystem II. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:11901-10. [PMID: 24760184 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00696h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The EPR "split signals" represent key intermediates of the S-state cycle where the redox active D1-Tyr161 (YZ) has been oxidized by the reaction center of the photosystem II enzyme to its tyrosyl radical form, but the successive oxidation of the Mn4CaO5 cluster has not yet occurred (SiYZ˙). Here we focus on the S2YZ˙ state, which is formed en route to the final metastable state of the catalyst, the S3 state, the state which immediately precedes O-O bond formation. Quantum chemical calculations demonstrate that both isomeric forms of the S2 state, the open and closed cubane isomers, can form states with an oxidized YZ˙ residue without prior deprotonation of the Mn4CaO5 cluster. The two forms are expected to lie close in energy and retain the electronic structure and magnetic topology of the corresponding S2 state of the inorganic core. As expected, tyrosine oxidation results in a proton shift towards His190. Analysis of the electronic rearrangements that occur upon formation of the tyrosyl radical suggests that a likely next step in the catalytic cycle is the deprotonation of a terminal water ligand (W1) of the Mn4CaO5 cluster. Diamagnetic metal ion substitution is used in our calculations to obtain the molecular g-tensor of YZ˙. It is known that the gx value is a sensitive probe not only of the extent of the proton shift between the tyrosine-histidine pair, but also of the polarization environment of the tyrosine, especially about the phenolic oxygen. It is shown for PSII that this environment is determined by the Ca(2+) ion, which locates two water molecules about the phenoxyl oxygen, indirectly modulating the oxidation potential of YZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Retegan
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-38, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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65
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Petrie S, Stranger R, Pace RJ. Rationalising the Geometric Variation between the A and B Monomers in the 1.9 Å Crystal Structure of Photosystem II. Chemistry 2015; 21:6780-92. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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66
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Simulation of the isotropic EXAFS spectra for the S2 and S3 structures of the oxygen evolving complex in photosystem II. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:3979-84. [PMID: 25775575 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1422058112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the main features of water oxidation in photosystem II are now well understood, including the mechanism for O-O bond formation. For the intermediate S2 and S3 structures there is also nearly complete agreement between quantum chemical modeling and experiments. Given the present high degree of consensus for these structures, it is of high interest to go back to previous suggestions concerning what happens in the S2-S3 transition. Analyses of extended X-ray adsorption fine structure (EXAFS) experiments have indicated relatively large structural changes in this transition, with changes of distances sometimes larger than 0.3 Å and a change of topology. In contrast, our previous density functional theory (DFT)(B3LYP) calculations on a cluster model showed very small changes, less than 0.1 Å. It is here found that the DFT structures are also consistent with the EXAFS spectra for the S2 and S3 states within normal errors of DFT. The analysis suggests that there are severe problems in interpreting EXAFS spectra for these complicated systems.
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67
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Coates CS, Milikisiyants S, Chatterjee R, Whittaker MM, Whittaker JW, Lakshmi KV. Two-Dimensional HYSCORE Spectroscopy of Superoxidized Manganese Catalase: A Model for the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:4905-16. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b01602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S. Coates
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch ’60 Center
for Biochemical Solar Energy Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Sergey Milikisiyants
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch ’60 Center
for Biochemical Solar Energy Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Ruchira Chatterjee
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch ’60 Center
for Biochemical Solar Energy Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Mei M. Whittaker
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Institute of Environmental Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, United States
| | - James W. Whittaker
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Institute of Environmental Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, United States
| | - K. V. Lakshmi
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and The Baruch ’60 Center
for Biochemical Solar Energy Research, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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Tran R, Kern J, Hattne J, Koroidov S, Hellmich J, Alonso-Mori R, Sauter NK, Bergmann U, Messinger J, Zouni A, Yano J, Yachandra VK. The Mn₄Ca photosynthetic water-oxidation catalyst studied by simultaneous X-ray spectroscopy and crystallography using an X-ray free-electron laser. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 369:20130324. [PMID: 24914152 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of photosystem II and the catalytic intermediate states of the Mn₄CaO₅ cluster involved in water oxidation have been studied intensively over the past several years. An understanding of the sequential chemistry of light absorption and the mechanism of water oxidation, however, requires a new approach beyond the conventional steady-state crystallography and X-ray spectroscopy at cryogenic temperatures. In this report, we present the preliminary progress using an X-ray free-electron laser to determine simultaneously the light-induced protein dynamics via crystallography and the local chemistry that occurs at the catalytic centre using X-ray spectroscopy under functional conditions at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie Tran
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jan Kern
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Johan Hattne
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sergey Koroidov
- Institutionen för Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Julia Hellmich
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin 10099, Germany
| | | | - Nicholas K Sauter
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Institutionen för Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Athina Zouni
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin 10099, Germany
| | - Junko Yano
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Vittal K Yachandra
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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69
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Krewald V, Retegan M, Cox N, Messinger J, Lubitz W, DeBeer S, Neese F, Pantazis DA. Metal oxidation states in biological water splitting. Chem Sci 2015; 6:1676-1695. [PMID: 29308133 PMCID: PMC5639794 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03720k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A central question in biological water splitting concerns the oxidation states of the manganese ions that comprise the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II.
A central question in biological water splitting concerns the oxidation states of the manganese ions that comprise the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II. Understanding the nature and order of oxidation events that occur during the catalytic cycle of five Si states (i = 0–4) is of fundamental importance both for the natural system and for artificial water oxidation catalysts. Despite the widespread adoption of the so-called “high-valent scheme”—where, for example, the Mn oxidation states in the S2 state are assigned as III, IV, IV, IV—the competing “low-valent scheme” that differs by a total of two metal unpaired electrons (i.e. III, III, III, IV in the S2 state) is favored by several recent studies for the biological catalyst. The question of the correct oxidation state assignment is addressed here by a detailed computational comparison of the two schemes using a common structural platform and theoretical approach. Models based on crystallographic constraints were constructed for all conceivable oxidation state assignments in the four (semi)stable S states of the oxygen evolving complex, sampling various protonation levels and patterns to ensure comprehensive coverage. The models are evaluated with respect to their geometric, energetic, electronic, and spectroscopic properties against available experimental EXAFS, XFEL-XRD, EPR, ENDOR and Mn K pre-edge XANES data. New 2.5 K 55Mn ENDOR data of the S2 state are also reported. Our results conclusively show that the entire S state phenomenology can only be accommodated within the high-valent scheme by adopting a single motif and protonation pattern that progresses smoothly from S0 (III, III, III, IV) to S3 (IV, IV, IV, IV), satisfying all experimental constraints and reproducing all observables. By contrast, it was impossible to construct a consistent cycle based on the low-valent scheme for all S states. Instead, the low-valent models developed here may provide new insight into the over-reduced S states and the states involved in the assembly of the catalytically active water oxidizing cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Krewald
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstr. 34-38 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany .
| | - Marius Retegan
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstr. 34-38 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany .
| | - Nicholas Cox
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstr. 34-38 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany .
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry , Chemical Biological Center (KBC) , Umeå University , 90187 Umeå , Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstr. 34-38 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany .
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstr. 34-38 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany .
| | - Frank Neese
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstr. 34-38 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany .
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstr. 34-38 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany .
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Abstract
Nature relies on a unique and intricate biochemical setup to achieve sunlight-driven water splitting. Combined experimental and computational efforts have produced significant insights into the structural and functional principles governing the operation of the water-oxidizing enzyme Photosystem II in general, and of the oxygen-evolving manganese-calcium cluster at its active site in particular. Here we review the most important aspects of biological water oxidation, emphasizing current knowledge on the organization of the enzyme, the geometric and electronic structure of the catalyst, and the role of calcium and chloride cofactors. The combination of recent experimental work on the identification of possible substrate sites with computational modeling have considerably limited the possible mechanistic pathways for the critical O-O bond formation step. Taken together, the key features and principles of natural photosynthesis may serve as inspiration for the design, development, and implementation of artificial systems.
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71
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McClean JR, Aspuru-Guzik A. Compact wavefunctions from compressed imaginary time evolution. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23047k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Compact wavefunctions built through compressed imaginary time evolution enable more efficient modeling of quantum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod R. McClean
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Harvard University
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- Harvard University
- Cambridge
- USA
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72
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Yano J, Kern J, Yachandra VK, Nilsson H, Koroidov S, Messinger J. Light-dependent production of dioxygen in photosynthesis. Met Ions Life Sci 2015; 15:13-43. [PMID: 25707465 PMCID: PMC4688042 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12415-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen, that supports all aerobic life, is abundant in the atmosphere because of its constant regeneration by photosynthetic water oxidation, which is catalyzed by a Mn₄CaO₅ cluster in photosystem II (PS II), a multi subunit membrane protein complex. X-ray and other spectroscopy studies of the electronic and geometric structure of the Mn₄CaO₅ cluster as it advances through the intermediate states have been important for understanding the mechanism of water oxidation. The results and interpretations, especially from X-ray spectroscopy studies, regarding the geometric and electronic structure and the changes as the system proceeds through the catalytic cycle will be summarized in this review. This review will also include newer methodologies in time-resolved X-ray diffraction and spectroscopy that have become available since the commissioning of the X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) and are being applied to study the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). The femtosecond X-ray pulses of the XFEL allows us to outrun X-ray damage at room temperature, and the time-evolution of the photo-induced reaction can be probed using a visible laser-pump followed by the X-ray-probe pulse. XFELs can be used to simultaneously determine the light-induced protein dynamics using crystallography and the local chemistry that occurs at the catalytic center using X-ray spectroscopy under functional conditions. Membrane inlet mass spectrometry has been important for providing direct information about the exchange of substrate water molecules, which has a direct bearing on the mechanism of water oxidation. Moreover, it has been indispensable for the time-resolved X-ray diffraction and spectroscopy studies and will be briefly reviewed in this chapter. Given the role of PS II in maintaining life in the biosphere and the future vision of a renewable energy economy, understanding the structure and mechanism of the photosynthetic water oxidation catalyst is an important goal for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Yano
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jan Kern
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Håkan Nilsson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Biology Centre (KBC), Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sergey Koroidov
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Biology Centre (KBC), Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Biology Centre (KBC), Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden
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73
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Alaimo AA, Takahashi D, Cunha-Silva L, Christou G, Stamatatos TC. Emissive {Mn4IIICa} Clusters with Square Pyramidal Topologies: Syntheses and Structural, Spectroscopic, and Physicochemical Characterization. Inorg Chem 2014; 54:2137-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ic502492x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alysha A. Alaimo
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines L2S 3A1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Luís Cunha-Silva
- REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - George Christou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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74
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Cox N, Retegan M, Neese F, Pantazis DA, Boussac A, Lubitz W. Electronic structure of the oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II prior to O-O bond formation. Science 2014; 345:804-8. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1254910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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75
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Kern J, Tran R, Alonso-Mori R, Koroidov S, Echols N, Hattne J, Ibrahim M, Gul S, Laksmono H, Sierra RG, Gildea RJ, Han G, Hellmich J, Lassalle-Kaiser B, Chatterjee R, Brewster AS, Stan CA, Glöckner C, Lampe A, DiFiore D, Milathianaki D, Fry AR, Seibert MM, Koglin JE, Gallo E, Uhlig J, Sokaras D, Weng TC, Zwart PH, Skinner DE, Bogan MJ, Messerschmidt M, Glatzel P, Williams GJ, Boutet S, Adams PD, Zouni A, Messinger J, Sauter NK, Bergmann U, Yano J, Yachandra VK. Taking snapshots of photosynthetic water oxidation using femtosecond X-ray diffraction and spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4371. [PMID: 25006873 PMCID: PMC4151126 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The dioxygen we breathe is formed by light-induced oxidation of water in photosystem II. O2 formation takes place at a catalytic manganese cluster within milliseconds after the photosystem II reaction centre is excited by three single-turnover flashes. Here we present combined X-ray emission spectra and diffraction data of 2-flash (2F) and 3-flash (3F) photosystem II samples, and of a transient 3F' state (250 μs after the third flash), collected under functional conditions using an X-ray free electron laser. The spectra show that the initial O-O bond formation, coupled to Mn reduction, does not yet occur within 250 μs after the third flash. Diffraction data of all states studied exhibit an anomalous scattering signal from Mn but show no significant structural changes at the present resolution of 4.5 Å. This study represents the initial frames in a molecular movie of the structural changes during the catalytic reaction in photosystem II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kern
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Rosalie Tran
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | - Sergey Koroidov
- Institutionen för Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nathaniel Echols
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Johan Hattne
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10099 Berlin, Germany,Max-Volmer-Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Technische Universität, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Hartawan Laksmono
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Raymond G. Sierra
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Richard J. Gildea
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Guangye Han
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Julia Hellmich
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10099 Berlin, Germany,Max-Volmer-Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Technische Universität, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ruchira Chatterjee
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Aaron S. Brewster
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Claudiu A. Stan
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Carina Glöckner
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Technische Universität, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alyssa Lampe
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dörte DiFiore
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Technische Universität, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Alan R. Fry
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - M. Marvin Seibert
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jason E. Koglin
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Erik Gallo
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Jens Uhlig
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | | | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Petrus H. Zwart
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - David E. Skinner
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Michael J. Bogan
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA,PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Pieter Glatzel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Garth J. Williams
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Paul D. Adams
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Athina Zouni
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-10099 Berlin, Germany,Max-Volmer-Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Technische Universität, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Institutionen för Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nicholas K. Sauter
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA,Corresponding authors. (U.B.), , (J.Y.), (V.K.Y)
| | - Junko Yano
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,Corresponding authors. (U.B.), , (J.Y.), (V.K.Y)
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,Corresponding authors. (U.B.), , (J.Y.), (V.K.Y)
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Substrate-water exchange in photosystem II is arrested before dioxygen formation. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4305. [PMID: 24993602 PMCID: PMC4102119 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-driven oxidation of water into dioxygen, catalysed by the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in photosystem II, is essential for life on Earth and provides the blueprint for devices for producing fuel from sunlight. Although the structure of the OEC is known at atomic level for its dark-stable state, the mechanism by which water is oxidized remains unsettled. Important mechanistic information was gained in the past two decades by mass spectrometric studies of the H218O/H216O substrate–water exchange in the four (semi) stable redox states of the OEC. However, until now such data were not attainable in the transient states formed immediately before the O–O bond formation. Using modified photosystem II complexes displaying up to 40-fold slower O2 production rates, we show here that in the transient state the substrate–water exchange is dramatically slowed as compared with the earlier S states. This further constrains the possible sites for substrate–water binding in photosystem II. The oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II converts water into oxygen during photosynthesis, but how this process occurs is not yet fully understood. Here, the authors use modified complexes with reduced reaction rates to study the process of oxygen evolution in more detail.
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77
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Pollock C, Delgado-Jaime MU, Atanasov M, Neese F, DeBeer S. Kβ mainline X-ray emission spectroscopy as an experimental probe of metal-ligand covalency. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9453-63. [PMID: 24914450 PMCID: PMC4091279 DOI: 10.1021/ja504182n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The mainline feature in metal Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) has long been recognized as an experimental marker for the spin state of the metal center. However, even within a series of metal compounds with the same nominal oxidation and spin state, significant changes are observed that cannot be explained on the basis of overall spin. In this work, the origin of these effects is explored, both experimentally and theoretically, in order to develop the chemical information content of Kβ mainline XES. Ligand field expressions are derived that describe the behavior of Kβ mainlines for first row transition metals with any d(n) count, allowing for a detailed analysis of the factors governing mainline shape. Further, due to limitations associated with existing computational approaches, we have developed a new methodology for calculating Kβ mainlines using restricted active space configuration interaction (RAS-CI) calculations. This approach eliminates the need for empirical parameters and provides a powerful tool for investigating the effects that chemical environment exerts on the mainline spectra. On the basis of a detailed analysis of the intermediate and final states involved in these transitions, we confirm the known sensitivity of Kβ mainlines to metal spin state via the 3p-3d exchange coupling. Further, a quantitative relationship between the splitting of the Kβ mainline features and the metal-ligand covalency is established. Thus, this study furthers the quantitative electronic structural information that can be extracted from Kβ mainline spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher
J. Pollock
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Chemische Energiekonversion, D-45470 Mülheim an der
Ruhr, Germany
| | | | - Mihail Atanasov
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Chemische Energiekonversion, D-45470 Mülheim an der
Ruhr, Germany
- Institute
of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian
Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Chemische Energiekonversion, D-45470 Mülheim an der
Ruhr, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Chemische Energiekonversion, D-45470 Mülheim an der
Ruhr, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United
States
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78
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Hall ER, Pollock CJ, Bendix J, Collins TJ, Glatzel P, DeBeer S. Valence-to-Core-Detected X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy: Targeting Ligand Selectivity. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10076-84. [DOI: 10.1021/ja504206y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor R. Hall
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Pollock
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terrence J. Collins
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Pieter Glatzel
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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79
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Yano J, Yachandra V. Mn4Ca cluster in photosynthesis: where and how water is oxidized to dioxygen. Chem Rev 2014; 114:4175-205. [PMID: 24684576 PMCID: PMC4002066 DOI: 10.1021/cr4004874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junko Yano
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Vittal Yachandra
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
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80
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Blomberg MRA, Borowski T, Himo F, Liao RZ, Siegbahn PEM. Quantum chemical studies of mechanisms for metalloenzymes. Chem Rev 2014; 114:3601-58. [PMID: 24410477 DOI: 10.1021/cr400388t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 431] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Margareta R A Blomberg
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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81
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Gabdulkhakov AG, Dontsova MV. Structural studies on photosystem II of cyanobacteria. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2014; 78:1524-38. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297913130105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A G Gabdulkhakov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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82
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Han G, Huang Y, Koua FHM, Shen JR, Westlund PO, Messinger J. Hydration of the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II probed in the dark-stable S1 state using proton NMR dispersion profiles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:11924-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55232b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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83
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Kurashige Y, Saitow M, Chalupský J, Yanai T. Radical O–O coupling reaction in diferrate-mediated water oxidation studied using multireference wave function theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:11988-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55225j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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84
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Yamaguchi K, Yamanaka S, Shoji M, Isobe H, Kitagawa Y, Kawakami T, Yamada S, Okumura M. Theory of chemical bonds in metalloenzymes XIX: labile manganese oxygen bonds of the CaMn4O5cluster in oxygen evolving complex of photosystem II. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.842009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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85
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Yu F, Pecoraro VL. Use of the mechanistic probe 2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-yl hydroperoxide (MPPH) to discriminate between the formation of MnIVMnIV(OH) and MnIVMnVO species. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2013.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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86
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Janssen FFBJ, Peters LCJM, Schlebos PPJ, Smits JMM, de Gelder R, Rowan AE. Uncorrelated Dynamical Processes in Tetranuclear Carboxylate Clusters Studied by Variable-Temperature 1H NMR Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:13004-13. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401522v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Femke F. B. J. Janssen
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens C. J. M. Peters
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul P. J. Schlebos
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan M. M. Smits
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - René de Gelder
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alan E. Rowan
- Institute for Molecules and
Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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87
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Davis KM, Kosheleva I, Henning RW, Seidler GT, Pushkar Y. Kinetic modeling of the X-ray-induced damage to a metalloprotein. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:9161-9. [PMID: 23815809 DOI: 10.1021/jp403654n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that biological samples undergo X-ray-induced degradation. One of the fastest occurring X-ray-induced processes involves redox modifications (reduction or oxidation) of redox-active cofactors in proteins. Here we analyze room-temperature data on the photoreduction of Mn ions in the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II, one of the most radiation damage-sensitive proteins and a key constituent of natural photosynthesis in plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. Time-resolved X-ray emission spectroscopy with wavelength-dispersive detection was used to collect data on the progression of X-ray-induced damage. A kinetic model was developed to fit experimental results, and the rate constant for the reduction of OEC Mn(III) and Mn(IV) ions by solvated electrons was determined. From this model, the possible kinetics of X-ray-induced damage at a variety of experimental conditions, such as different rates of dose deposition as well as different excitation wavelengths, can be inferred. We observed a trend of increasing dosage threshold prior to the onset of X-ray-induced damage with increasing rates of dose deposition. This trend suggests that experimentation with higher rates of dose deposition is beneficial for measurements of biological samples sensitive to radiation damage, particularly at pink beam and X-ray free electron laser sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Davis
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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88
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Glöckner C, Kern J, Broser M, Zouni A, Yachandra V, Yano J. Structural changes of the oxygen-evolving complex in photosystem II during the catalytic cycle. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:22607-20. [PMID: 23766513 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.476622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in the membrane-bound protein complex photosystem II (PSII) catalyzes the water oxidation reaction that takes place in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. We investigated the structural changes of the Mn4CaO5 cluster in the OEC during the S state transitions using x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Overall structural changes of the Mn4CaO5 cluster, based on the manganese ligand and Mn-Mn distances obtained from this study, were incorporated into the geometry of the Mn4CaO5 cluster in the OEC obtained from a polarized XAS model and the 1.9-Å high resolution crystal structure. Additionally, we compared the S1 state XAS of the dimeric and monomeric form of PSII from Thermosynechococcus elongatus and spinach PSII. Although the basic structures of the OEC are the same for T. elongatus PSII and spinach PSII, minor electronic structural differences that affect the manganese K-edge XAS between T. elongatus PSII and spinach PSII are found and may originate from differences in the second sphere ligand atom geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Glöckner
- Institut für Chemie/Max-Volmer-Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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89
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Kurashige Y, Chan GKL, Yanai T. Entangled quantum electronic wavefunctions of the Mn₄CaO₅ cluster in photosystem II. Nat Chem 2013; 5:660-6. [PMID: 23881496 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
It is a long-standing goal to understand the reaction mechanisms of catalytic metalloenzymes at an entangled many-electron level, but this is hampered by the exponential complexity of quantum mechanics. Here, by exploiting the special structure of physical quantum states and using the density matrix renormalization group, we compute near-exact many-electron wavefunctions of the Mn4CaO5 cluster of photosystem II, with more than 1 × 10(18) quantum degrees of freedom. This is the first treatment of photosystem II beyond the single-electron picture of density functional theory. Our calculations support recent modifications to the structure determined by X-ray crystallography. We further identify multiple low-lying energy surfaces associated with the structural distortion seen using X-ray crystallography, highlighting multistate reactivity in the chemistry of the cluster. Direct determination of Mn spin-projections from our wavefunctions suggests that current candidates that have been recently distinguished using parameterized spin models should be reassessed. Through entanglement maps, we reveal rich information contained in the wavefunctions on bonding changes in the cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kurashige
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
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90
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Vinyard DJ, Ananyev GM, Charles Dismukes G. Photosystem II: The Reaction Center of Oxygenic Photosynthesis. Annu Rev Biochem 2013; 82:577-606. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-070511-100425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Vinyard
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and the Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854; ,
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540;
| | - Gennady M. Ananyev
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and the Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854; ,
| | - G. Charles Dismukes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and the Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854; ,
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91
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Sjöholm J, Chen G, Ho F, Mamedov F, Styring S. Split electron paramagnetic resonance signal induction in Photosystem II suggests two binding sites in the S2 state for the substrate analogue methanol. Biochemistry 2013; 52:3669-77. [PMID: 23621812 DOI: 10.1021/bi400144e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Illuminating a photosystem II sample at low temperatures (here 5-10 K) yields so-called split signals detectable with continuous wave-electron paramagnetic resonance (CW-EPR). These signals reflect the oxidized, deprotonated radical of D1-Tyr161 (YZ(•)) in a magnetic interaction with the CaMn4 cluster in a particular S state. The intensity of the split EPR signals are affected by the addition of the water substrate analogue methanol. This was previously shown by the induction of split EPR signals from the S1, S3, and S0 states [Su, J.-H. et al. (2006) Biochemistry 45, 7617-7627.]. Here, we use two split EPR signals induced from photosystem II trapped in the S2 state to further probe the binding of methanol in an S state dependent manner. The signals are induced with either visible or near-infrared light illumination provided at 5-10 K where methanol cannot bind or unbind from its site. The results imply that the binding of methanol not only changes the magnetic properties of the CaMn4 cluster but also the hydrogen bond network in the oxygen evolving complex (OEC), thereby affecting the relative charge of the S2 state. The induction mechanisms for the two split EPR signals are different resulting in two different redox states, S2YZ(•) and S1YZ(•) respectively. The two states show different methanol dependence for their induction. This indicates the existence of two binding sites for methanol in the CaMn4 cluster. It is proposed that methanol binds to MnA with high affinity and to MnD with lower affinity. The molecular nature and S-state dependence of the methanol binding to each respective site are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Sjöholm
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University , P. O. Box 523, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
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92
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Glatzel P, Schroeder H, Pushkar Y, Boron T, Mukherjee S, Christou G, Pecoraro VL, Messinger J, Yachandra VK, Bergmann U, Yano J. Electronic structural changes of Mn in the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II during the catalytic cycle. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:5642-4. [PMID: 23647530 DOI: 10.1021/ic4005938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) in photosystem II (PS II) was studied in the S0 through S3 states using 1s2p resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy. The spectral changes of the OEC during the S-state transitions are subtle, indicating that the electrons are strongly delocalized throughout the cluster. The result suggests that, in addition to the Mn ions, ligands are also playing an important role in the redox reactions. A series of Mn(IV) coordination complexes were compared, particularly with the PS II S3 state spectrum to understand its oxidation state. We find strong variations of the electronic structure within the series of Mn(IV) model systems. The spectrum of the S3 state best resembles those of the Mn(IV) complexes Mn3(IV)Ca2 and saplnMn2(IV)(OH)2. The current result emphasizes that the assignment of formal oxidation states alone is not sufficient for understanding the detailed electronic structural changes that govern the catalytic reaction in the OEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Glatzel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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93
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Sokaras D, Weng TC, Nordlund D, Alonso-Mori R, Velikov P, Wenger D, Garachtchenko A, George M, Borzenets V, Johnson B, Rabedeau T, Bergmann U. A seven-crystal Johann-type hard x-ray spectrometer at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:053102. [PMID: 23742527 PMCID: PMC4108715 DOI: 10.1063/1.4803669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We present a multicrystal Johann-type hard x-ray spectrometer (~5-18 keV) recently developed, installed, and operated at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. The instrument is set at the wiggler beamline 6-2 equipped with two liquid nitrogen cooled monochromators--Si(111) and Si(311)--as well as collimating and focusing optics. The spectrometer consists of seven spherically bent crystal analyzers placed on intersecting vertical Rowland circles of 1 m of diameter. The spectrometer is scanned vertically capturing an extended backscattering Bragg angular range (88°-74°) while maintaining all crystals on the Rowland circle trace. The instrument operates in atmospheric pressure by means of a helium bag and when all the seven crystals are used (100 mm of projected diameter each), has a solid angle of about 0.45% of 4π sr. The typical resolving power is in the order of E/ΔE ~ 10,000. The spectrometer's high detection efficiency combined with the beamline 6-2 characteristics permits routine studies of x-ray emission, high energy resolution fluorescence detected x-ray absorption and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering of very diluted samples as well as implementation of demanding in situ environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
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94
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Kern J, Alonso-Mori R, Tran R, Hattne J, Gildea RJ, Echols N, Glöckner C, Hellmich J, Laksmono H, Sierra RG, Lassalle-Kaiser B, Koroidov S, Lampe A, Han G, Gul S, DiFiore D, Milathianaki D, Fry AR, Miahnahri A, Schafer DW, Messerschmidt M, Seibert MM, Koglin JE, Sokaras D, Weng TC, Sellberg J, Latimer MJ, Grosse-Kunstleve RW, Zwart PH, White WE, Glatzel P, Adams PD, Bogan MJ, Williams GJ, Boutet S, Messinger J, Zouni A, Sauter NK, Yachandra VK, Bergmann U, Yano J. Simultaneous femtosecond X-ray spectroscopy and diffraction of photosystem II at room temperature. Science 2013; 340:491-5. [PMID: 23413188 PMCID: PMC3732582 DOI: 10.1126/science.1234273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Intense femtosecond x-ray pulses produced at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) were used for simultaneous x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) of microcrystals of photosystem II (PS II) at room temperature. This method probes the overall protein structure and the electronic structure of the Mn4CaO5 cluster in the oxygen-evolving complex of PS II. XRD data are presented from both the dark state (S1) and the first illuminated state (S2) of PS II. Our simultaneous XRD-XES study shows that the PS II crystals are intact during our measurements at the LCLS, not only with respect to the structure of PS II, but also with regard to the electronic structure of the highly radiation-sensitive Mn4CaO5 cluster, opening new directions for future dynamics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kern
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Rosalie Tran
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Johan Hattne
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Richard J. Gildea
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nathaniel Echols
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Carina Glöckner
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Technische Universität, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Hellmich
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Technische Universität, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartawan Laksmono
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Raymond G. Sierra
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Sergey Koroidov
- Institutionen för Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alyssa Lampe
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Guangye Han
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dörte DiFiore
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Technische Universität, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Alan R. Fry
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Alan Miahnahri
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Donald W. Schafer
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - M. Marvin Seibert
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jason E. Koglin
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | | | - Tsu-Chien Weng
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Jonas Sellberg
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Petrus H. Zwart
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - William E. White
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Pieter Glatzel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Paul D. Adams
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Michael J. Bogan
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Garth J. Williams
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Sébastien Boutet
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Institutionen för Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Athina Zouni
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium für Biophysikalische Chemie, Technische Universität, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicholas K. Sauter
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Junko Yano
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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95
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Ichino T, Yoshioka Y. Theoretical Study on the Mechanism of Dioxygen Evolution in Photosystem II. I. Molecular and Electronic Structures at the S0, S1, and S2States of Oxygen-Evolving Complex. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20120223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ichino
- Chemistry Department for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University
| | - Yasunori Yoshioka
- Chemistry Department for Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Mie University
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96
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Krewald V, Neese F, Pantazis DA. On the magnetic and spectroscopic properties of high-valent Mn3CaO4 cubanes as structural units of natural and artificial water-oxidizing catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:5726-39. [PMID: 23527603 DOI: 10.1021/ja312552f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Mn(IV)3CaO4 cubane is a structural motif present in the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II and in water-oxidizing Mn/Ca layered oxides. This work investigates the magnetic and spectroscopic properties of two recently synthesized complexes and a series of idealized models that incorporate this structural unit. Magnetic interactions, accessible spin states, and (55)Mn isotropic hyperfine couplings are computed with quantum chemical methods and form the basis for structure-property correlations. Additionally, the effects of oxo-bridge protonation and one-electron reduction are examined. The calculated properties are found to be in excellent agreement with available experimental data. It is established that all synthetic and model Mn(IV)3CaO4 cubane complexes have the same high-spin S = (9)/2 ground state. The magnetic coupling conditions under which different ground spin states can be accessed are determined. Substitution of Mn(IV) magnetic centers by diamagnetic ions [e.g., Ge(IV)] allows one to "switch off" specific spin sites in order to examine the magnetic orbitals along individual Mn-Mn exchange pathways, which confirms the predominance of ferromagnetic interactions within the cubane framework. The span of the Heisenberg spin ladder is found to correlate inversely with the number of protonated oxo bridges. Energetic comparisons for protonated models show that the tris-μ-oxo bridge connecting only Mn ions in the cubane has the lowest proton affinity and that the average relaxation energy per additional proton is on the order of 18 kcal·mol(-1), thus making access to ground states other than the high-spin S = (9)/2 state in these cubanes unlikely. The relevance of these cubanes for the OEC and synthetic oxides is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Krewald
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-38, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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97
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Experimental demonstration of radicaloid character in a Ru(V)=O intermediate in catalytic water oxidation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:3765-70. [PMID: 23417296 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1222102110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Water oxidation is the key half reaction in artificial photosynthesis. An absence of detailed mechanistic insight impedes design of new catalysts that are more reactive and more robust. A proposed paradigm leading to enhanced reactivity is the existence of oxyl radical intermediates capable of rapid water activation, but there is a dearth of experimental validation. Here, we show the radicaloid nature of an intermediate reactive toward formation of the O-O bond by assessing the spin density on the oxyl group by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR). In the study, an (17)O-labeled form of a highly oxidized, short-lived intermediate in the catalytic cycle of the water oxidation catalyst cis,cis-[(2,2-bipyridine)2(H2O)Ru(III)ORu(III)(OH2)(bpy)2](4+) was investigated. It contains Ru centers in oxidation states [4,5], has at least one Ru(V) = O unit, and shows
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Cox N, Messinger J. Reflections on substrate water and dioxygen formation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2013; 1827:1020-30. [PMID: 23380392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This brief article aims at presenting a concise summary of all experimental findings regarding substrate water-binding to the Mn4CaO5 cluster in photosystem II. Mass spectrometric and spectroscopic results are interpreted in light of recent structural information of the water oxidizing complex obtained by X-ray crystallography, spectroscopy and theoretical modeling. Within this framework current proposals for the mechanism of photosynthetic water-oxidation are evaluated. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Metals in Bioenergetics and Biomimetics Systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Cox
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Kanady JS, Tran R, Stull JA, Lu L, Stich TA, Day MW, Yano J, Britt RD, Agapie T. Role of Oxido Incorporation and Ligand Lability in Expanding Redox Accessibility of Structurally Related Mn 4 Clusters. Chem Sci 2013; 4:3986-3996. [PMID: 24163730 DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51406d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II supports four manganese centers through nine oxidation states from manganese(II) during assembly through to the most oxidized state before O2 formation and release. The protein-based carboxylate and imidazole ligands allow for significant changes of the coordination environment during the incorporation of hydroxido and oxido ligands upon oxidation of the metal centers. We report the synthesis and characterization of a series of tetramanganese complexes in four of the six oxidation states from MnII3MnIII to MnIII2 MnIV2 with the same ligand framework (L) by incorporating four oxido ligands. A 1,3,5-triarylbenzene framework appended with six pyridyl and three alkoxy groups was utilized along with three acetate anions to access tetramanganese complexes, Mn4O x , with x = 1, 2, 3, and 4. Alongside two previously reported complexes, four new clusters in various states were isolated and characterized by crystallography, and four were observed electrochemically, thus accessing the eight oxidation states from MnII4 to MnIIIMnIV3. This structurally related series of compounds was characterized by EXAFS, XANES, EPR, magnetism, and cyclic voltammetry. Similar to the ligands in the active site of the protein, the ancillary ligand (L) is preserved throughout the series and changes its binding mode between the low and high oxido-content clusters. Implications for the rational assembly and properties of high oxidation state metal-oxido clusters are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob S Kanady
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd MC 127-72, Pasadena CA 91125, USA
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Energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy using an X-ray free-electron laser in a shot-by-shot mode. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:19103-7. [PMID: 23129631 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1211384109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultrabright femtosecond X-ray pulses provided by X-ray free-electron lasers open capabilities for studying the structure and dynamics of a wide variety of systems beyond what is possible with synchrotron sources. Recently, this "probe-before-destroy" approach has been demonstrated for atomic structure determination by serial X-ray diffraction of microcrystals. There has been the question whether a similar approach can be extended to probe the local electronic structure by X-ray spectroscopy. To address this, we have carried out femtosecond X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) at the Linac Coherent Light Source using redox-active Mn complexes. XES probes the charge and spin states as well as the ligand environment, critical for understanding the functional role of redox-active metal sites. Kβ(1,3) XES spectra of Mn(II) and Mn(2)(III,IV) complexes at room temperature were collected using a wavelength dispersive spectrometer and femtosecond X-ray pulses with an individual dose of up to >100 MGy. The spectra were found in agreement with undamaged spectra collected at low dose using synchrotron radiation. Our results demonstrate that the intact electronic structure of redox active transition metal compounds in different oxidation states can be characterized with this shot-by-shot method. This opens the door for studying the chemical dynamics of metal catalytic sites by following reactions under functional conditions. The technique can be combined with X-ray diffraction to simultaneously obtain the geometric structure of the overall protein and the local chemistry of active metal sites and is expected to prove valuable for understanding the mechanism of important metalloproteins, such as photosystem II.
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