51
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Chen J, Zhang P, Fang G, Yi P, Zeng F, Wu S. Design and Synthesis of FRET-Mediated Multicolor and Photoswitchable Fluorescent Polymer Nanoparticles with Tunable Emission Properties. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:4354-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2110659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of
Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, 411201 China
- Key Laboratory of
Advanced Functional Polymeric Materials, Xiangtan University, 411105 China
| | - Peisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of
Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, 411201 China
| | - Gang Fang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640 China
| | - Pinggui Yi
- Key Laboratory of
Theoretical Chemistry and Molecular Simulation of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, 411201 China
| | - Fang Zeng
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640 China
| | - Shuizhu Wu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640 China
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52
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Bonacchi S, Genovese D, Juris R, Montalti M, Prodi L, Rampazzo E, Zaccheroni N. Molecular Devices: Energy Transfer. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470661345.smc091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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53
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Ko CC, Wing-Wah Yam V. Photoswitching Materials. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470661345.smc100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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54
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of several examples of molecular systems in which the electronic changes that result from the photoinduced isomerization of photochromic phenoxynaphthacenequinone (PNQ) and dithienylethene (DTE) derivatives significantly influence the luminescence behavior of attached porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Gorodetsky
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - David Sud
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Tyler B. Norsten
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Myles
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Neil R. Branda
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
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55
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Deniz E, Battal M, Cusido J, Sortino S, Raymo FM. Insights into the isomerization of photochromic oxazines from the excitation dynamics of BODIPY–oxazine dyads. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:10300-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41089c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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56
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Aramendía PF, Bossi ML. Probes for Nanoscopy: Photoswitchable Fluorophores. SPRINGER SERIES ON FLUORESCENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/4243_2012_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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57
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Liu CG, Guan XH. Redox and photoisomerization switching of the second-order optical nonlinearity of a tetrathiafulvalene derivative of spiropyran across five states: a DFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:5297-306. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23293f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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58
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May F, Peter M, Hütten A, Prodi L, Mattay J. Synthesis and Characterization of Photoswitchable Fluorescent SiO2 Nanoparticles. Chemistry 2011; 18:814-21. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 11/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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59
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Deniz E, Tomasulo M, Cusido J, Sortino S, Raymo FM. Fast and stable photochromic oxazines for fluorescence switching. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:11773-11783. [PMID: 21591642 DOI: 10.1021/la201062h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The stringent limitations imposed by diffraction on the spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopes demand the identification of viable strategies to switch fluorescence under optical control. In this context, the photoinduced and reversible transformations of photochromic compounds are particularly valuable. In fact, these molecules can be engineered to regulate the emission intensities of complementary fluorophores in response to optical stimulations. On the basis of this general design logic, we assembled a functional molecular construct consisting of a borondipyrromethene fluorophore and a nitrospiropyran photochrome and demonstrated that the emission of the former can be modulated with the interconversion of the latter. This fluorophore-photochrome dyad, however, has a slow switching speed and poor fatigue resistance. To improve both parameters, we developed a new family of photochromic switches based on the photoinduced opening and thermal closing of an oxazine ring. These compounds switch back and forth between ring-closed and -open isomers on nanosecond-microsecond timescales and tolerate thousands of switching cycles with no sign of degradation. In addition, the attachment of appropriate chromophoric fragments to their switchable oxazine ring can be exploited to either deactivate or activate fluorescence reversibly in response to illumination with a pair of exciting beams. Specifically, we assembled three dyads, each based on either a borondipyrromethene or a coumarin fluorophore and an oxazine photochrome, and modulated their fluorescence in a few microseconds with outstanding fatigue resistance. The unique photochemical and photophysical properties of our fluorophore-photochrome dyads can facilitate the development of switchable fluorophores for superresolution imaging and, ultimately, provide valuable molecular probes for the visualization of biological samples on the nanometer level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Deniz
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146-0431, USA
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60
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Görner H. Direct Photoreduction and Ketone-Sensitized Reduction of Nitrospirobenzopyranindolines by Aliphatic Amines. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:8208-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2005698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Görner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, D-45413 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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61
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Chan JCH, Lam WH, Wong HL, Zhu N, Wong WT, Yam VWW. Diarylethene-containing cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes: tunable photochromism via metal coordination and rational ligand design. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:12690-705. [PMID: 21780780 DOI: 10.1021/ja203946g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, electrochemistry, photophysics and photochromic behavior of a new class of cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes [Pt(C(∧)N)(O(∧)O)] (1a-5a and 1b-5b), where C(∧)N is a cyclometalating 2-(2'-thienyl)pyridyl (thpy) or 2-(2'-thienothienyl)pyridyl (tthpy) ligand containing the photochromic dithienylethene (DTE) unit and O(∧)O is a β-diketonato ligand of acetylacetonato (acac) or hexafluoroacetylacetonato (hfac), have been reported. The X-ray crystal structures of five of the complexes have also been determined. The electrochemical studies reveal that the first quasi-reversible reduction couple, and hence the nature of lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the complexes, is sensitive to the nature of the ancillary O(∧)O ligands. Upon photoexcitation, complexes 1a-3a and 1b-3b exhibit drastic color changes, ascribed to the reversible photochromic behavior, which is found to be sensitive to the substituents on the pyridyl ring and the extent of π-conjugation of the C(∧)N ligand as well as the nature of the ancillary ligand. The thermal bleaching kinetics of complex 1a has been studied in toluene at various temperatures, and the activation barrier for the thermal cycloreversion of the complex has been determined. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed to provide an insight into the electrochemical, photophysical and photochromic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky Chi-Hung Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China
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62
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Hablot D, Harriman A, Ziessel R. Using a Photoacid Generator to Switch the Direction of Electronic Energy Transfer in a Molecular Triad. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7833-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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63
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Hablot D, Harriman A, Ziessel R. Using a Photoacid Generator to Switch the Direction of Electronic Energy Transfer in a Molecular Triad. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201102065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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64
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Ishizuka T, Sawaki T, Miyazaki S, Kawano M, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Fukuzumi S, Kojima T. Mechanistic Insights into Photochromic Behavior of a Ruthenium(II)-Pterin Complex. Chemistry 2011; 17:6652-62. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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65
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Remón P, Hammarson M, Li S, Kahnt A, Pischel U, Andréasson J. Molecular Implementation of Sequential and Reversible Logic Through Photochromic Energy Transfer Switching. Chemistry 2011; 17:6492-500. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Remón
- Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CIQSO) and Department of Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, s/n, 21071 Huelva (Spain), Fax: (+34) 959‐21‐99‐83
| | - Martin Hammarson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Physical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 31‐772‐38‐58
| | - Shiming Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Physical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 31‐772‐38‐58
| | - Axel Kahnt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Physical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 31‐772‐38‐58
| | - Uwe Pischel
- Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CIQSO) and Department of Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, s/n, 21071 Huelva (Spain), Fax: (+34) 959‐21‐99‐83
| | - Joakim Andréasson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Physical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg (Sweden), Fax: (+46) 31‐772‐38‐58
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66
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Chen J, Zhang P, Yu X, Li X, Tao H, Yi P. Fabrication of Novel Polymer Nanoparticle-Based Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Systems and their Tunable Fluorescence Properties. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2011.544632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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67
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Yildiz I, Impellizzeri S, Deniz E, McCaughan B, Callan JF, Raymo FM. Supramolecular Strategies To Construct Biocompatible and Photoswitchable Fluorescent Assemblies. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 133:871-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja107341f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Yildiz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146-0431, United States
| | - Stefania Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146-0431, United States
| | - Erhan Deniz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146-0431, United States
| | - Bridgeen McCaughan
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - John F. Callan
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Françisco M. Raymo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146-0431, United States
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68
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Wong HL, Tao CH, Zhu N, Yam VWW. Photochromic Alkynes as Versatile Building Blocks for Metal Alkynyl Systems: Design, Synthesis, and Photochromic Studies of Diarylethene-Containing Platinum(II) Phosphine Alkynyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2010; 50:471-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ic101298c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hok-Lai Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory of New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Chi-Hang Tao
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory of New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Nianyong Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory of New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory of New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
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69
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Abdel-Latif MK, Kühn O. Laser control of double proton transfer in porphycenes: towards an ultrafast switch for photonic molecular wires. Theor Chem Acc 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-010-0847-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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70
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71
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Recent developments in the field of metal complexes containing photochromic ligands: Modulation of linear and nonlinear optical properties. Coord Chem Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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72
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Lee J, Lee CW, Kim JM. Fabrication of Patterned Images in Photochromic Organic Microfibers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2010; 31:1010-4. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201000019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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73
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The Concept of λ-Ratiometry in Fluorescence Sensing and Imaging. J Fluoresc 2010; 20:1099-128. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-010-0644-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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74
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Optically switchable organic hollow nanocapsules. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 343:155-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2009.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Revised: 11/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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75
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Seefeldt B, Kasper R, Beining M, Mattay J, Arden-Jacob J, Kemnitzer N, Drexhage KH, Heilemann M, Sauer M. Spiropyrans as molecular optical switches. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2010; 9:213-20. [DOI: 10.1039/b9pp00118b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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76
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77
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Tian Z, Wu W, Li ADQ. Photoswitchable Fluorescent Nanoparticles: Preparation, Properties and Applications. Chemphyschem 2009; 10:2577-91. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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78
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Kulinich AV, Ishchenko AA. Merocyanine dyes: synthesis, structure, properties and applications. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2009. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2009v078n02abeh003900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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79
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Cusido
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146‐0431, USA
| | - Erhan Deniz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146‐0431, USA
| | - Françisco M. Raymo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146‐0431, USA
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80
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Chen J, Zeng F, Wu S, Su J, Tong Z. Photoreversible fluorescent modulation of nanoparticles via one-step miniemulsion polymerization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2009; 5:970-978. [PMID: 19235194 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200801067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A nitrobenzoxadiazolyl(NBD)-based fluorescent dye and a photochromic spiropyran derivative are incorporated into polymeric nanoparticles via a one-step miniemulsion polymerization. The diameter of the nanoparticles can be varied from approximately 40 nm to 80 nm by adjusting the polymerization conditions. The prepared nanoparticles exhibit the spectral properties of both NBD dye and spiropyran, indicating that the two chromophores are incorporated into the nanoparticles. The determined amount of NBD and spiropyran in the nanoparticles are about approximately 85-90% of the feed amount, while the determined weight ratios of spiropyran to NBD in nanoparticles are very close to that of feed ratios, suggesting the miniemulsion polymerization is a suitable approach for incorporating multiple chromophores into individual nanoparticles with controlled amounts (content) and ratio. UV and visible light can be applied to modulate the fluorescence emission of NBD dye in nanoparticles. Upon UV irradiation, the spiropyran moieties in nanoparticles are converted to the open-ring (McH form) structure and upon visible-light irradiation they return to the closed-ring (SP form) structure; as a result, the fluorescence of NBD can be reversibly "switched off" and "switched on". Fluorescence resonance energy transfer from the excited NBD dye molecules to the McH form of the spiropyran moieties is the drives the fluorescence modulation. The nanoparticles display fairly good photoreversibility, photostability, and relatively fast photoresponsivity upon alternate UV/Vis irradiation. This class of photoresponsive nanoparticles may find applications in biological fields, such as labeling and imaging, as well as in optical fields, for example, individually light-addressable nanoscale devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
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81
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Roda A, Guardigli M, Michelini E, Mirasoli M. Nanobioanalytical luminescence: Förster-type energy transfer methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 393:109-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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82
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Bao Z, Ng KY, Yam VWW, Ko CC, Zhu N, Wu L. Syntheses, Characterization, and Photochromic Studies of Spirooxazine-Containing 2,2′-Bipyridine Ligands and Their Zinc(II) Thiolate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:8912-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ic8009755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China, and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Ka-Yuen Ng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China, and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China, and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Chi-Chiu Ko
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China, and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Nianyong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China, and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China, and Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P.R. China
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83
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Su J, Chen J, Zeng F, Chen Q, Wu S, Tong Z. Synthesis and photochromic property of nanoparticles with spiropyran moieties via one-step miniemulsion polymerization. Polym Bull (Berl) 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-008-0968-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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84
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Chen J, Zeng F, Wu S, Chen Q, Tong Z. A Core–Shell Nanoparticle Approach to Photoreversible Fluorescence Modulation of a Hydrophobic Dye in Aqueous Media. Chemistry 2008; 14:4851-60. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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85
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Straight SD, Kodis G, Terazono Y, Hambourger M, Moore TA, Moore AL, Gust D. Self-regulation of photoinduced electron transfer by a molecular nonlinear transducer. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 3:280-283. [PMID: 18654524 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2008.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2007] [Accepted: 04/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Organisms must adapt to survive, necessitating regulation of molecular and subcellular processes. Green plant photosynthesis responds to potentially damaging light levels by downregulating the fraction of excitation energy that drives electron transfer. Achieving adaptive, self-regulating behaviour in synthetic molecules is a critical challenge that must be met if the promises of nanotechnology are to be realized. Here we report a molecular pentad consisting of two light-gathering antennas, a porphyrin electron donor, a fullerene electron acceptor and a photochromic control moiety. At low white-light levels, the molecule undergoes photoinduced electron transfer with a quantum yield of 82%. As the light intensity increases, photoisomerization of the photochrome leads to quenching of the porphyrin excited state, reducing the quantum yield to as low as 27%. This self-regulating molecule modifies its function according to the level of environmental light, mimicking the non-photochemical quenching mechanism for photoprotection found in plants.
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86
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Wu S, Luo Y, Zeng F, Chen J, Chen Y, Tong Z. Photoreversible fluorescence modulation of a rhodamine dye by supramolecular complexation with photosensitive cyclodextrin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 46:7015-8. [PMID: 17683028 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200701396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuizhu Wu
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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87
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Wu S, Luo Y, Zeng F, Chen J, Chen Y, Tong Z. Photoreversible Fluorescence Modulation of a Rhodamine Dye by Supramolecular Complexation with Photosensitive Cyclodextrin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200701396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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88
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Mariño-Ochoa E, Palacios R, Kodis G, Macpherson AN, Gillbro T, Gust D, Moore TA, Moore AL. High-efficiency Energy Transfer from Carotenoids to a Phthalocyanine in an Artificial Photosynthetic Antenna¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0760116heetfc2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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89
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Zhu L, Wu W, Zhu MQ, Han JJ, Hurst JK, Li ADQ. Reversibly photoswitchable dual-color fluorescent nanoparticles as new tools for live-cell imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:3524-6. [PMID: 17335209 PMCID: PMC2546355 DOI: 10.1021/ja068452k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linyong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
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90
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Terazono Y, Kodis G, Liddell PA, Garg V, Gervaldo M, Moore TA, Moore AL, Gust D. Photoinduced Electron Transfer in a Hexaphenylbenzene-based Self-assembled Porphyrin-fullerene Triad. Photochem Photobiol 2007; 83:464-9. [PMID: 17576351 DOI: 10.1562/2006-12-05-rc-1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A hexaphenylbenzene-based zinc porphyrin dyad forms a 1:1 complex with a fullerene bearing two pyridyl groups via coordination of the pyridyl nitrogens with the zinc atoms. The fullerene is symmetrically located between the two zinc porphyrins. The binding constant for the complex is 7.3 x 10(4) M(-1) in 1,2-difluorobenzene. Photoinduced electron transfer from a porphyrin first excited singlet state to the fullerene occurs with a time constant of 3 ps, and the resulting charge-separated state has a lifetime of 230 ps. This self-assembled construct should form a basis for the construction of more elaborate model photosynthetic antenna-reaction center systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Terazono
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for the Study of Early Events in Photosynthesis, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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91
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Zhao Z, Xing Y, Wang Z, Lu P. Dual-Fluorescent Donor−Acceptor Dyad with Tercarbazole Donor and Switchable Imide Acceptor: Promising Structure for an Integrated Logic Gate. Org Lett 2007; 9:547-50. [PMID: 17253698 DOI: 10.1021/ol062605r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A dual-fluorescent donor-acceptor (D-A) dyad with tercarbazole (donor) and 2,3-dithienylmaleimide (acceptor) was synthesized and characterized. The emission intensity of long wavelength could be regulated by either bistable structures of the dyad or the polarities of solvents. By mimicking the function of an integrated logic gate, a 2-input AND logic operation is established. [reaction: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zujin Zhao
- Chemistry Department, Zhejiang University, ZJ 310027, P. R. China
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92
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Davis R, Tamaoki N. Modulation of Unconventional Fluorescence of Novel Photochromic Perimidine Spirodimers. Chemistry 2007; 13:626-31. [PMID: 17004284 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence modulation by a class of photochromic perimidine spirodimers, which exhibit a characteristic fluorescence associated with their photochromic reactions, has been described. Upon irradiation using 365 nm light, these non-fluorescent spiro molecules undergo a thermally-reversible ring opening at their spiro junction resulting in the generation of strong fluorescence. The fluorescing species is distinctly different from both the stable ring-closed and the ring-opened compounds, though it appears to have been formed from and remains in equilibrium with the photochemically generated ring-opened form. While the fluorescing species possesses a narrow absorption band with its maximum centered at 500 nm, the ring-opened form exhibits a broad absorption across the visible region with two maxima centered at 410 and 650 nm, respectively. After initiating the photochromic reactions in these molecules using 365 nm light, purely photochemically-controlled fluorescence modulation can be carried out using two wavelengths in the visible region, that is, 500 and 700 nm, while the equilibrium concentration of the ring-opened form and the fluorescing species is controlled. Fluorescence modulation is attained also by controlling the ratio of the ring-closed and ring-opened forms by photochemical ring-opening and thermal ring-closing reactions. The study on the effect of substitution of these molecules suggests that by extending the conjugation of the perimidine core in the ring-opened form the molecule is rendered non-fluorescent and hence it can be assumed that the perimidine core forms the fluorescing entity of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riju Davis
- Molecular Smart System Group, Nanotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5, Higashi, 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 8565, Japan
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93
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Liu Y, Fan M, Zhang S, Yao J. Photochromism induced aggregate-monomer interconversion and fluorescence switch of porphyrin with spiropyran. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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94
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Sapsford KE, Berti L, Medintz IL. Materialien für den resonanten Fluoreszenzenergietransfer (FRET): jenseits klassischer Donor-Acceptor-Kombinationen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200503873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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95
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Sapsford KE, Berti L, Medintz IL. Materials for Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Analysis: Beyond Traditional Donor–Acceptor Combinations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:4562-89. [PMID: 16819760 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200503873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1024] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The use of Förster or fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) as a spectroscopic technique has been in practice for over 50 years. A search of ISI Web of Science with just the acronym "FRET" returns more than 2300 citations from various areas such as structural elucidation of biological molecules and their interactions, in vitro assays, in vivo monitoring in cellular research, nucleic acid analysis, signal transduction, light harvesting and metallic nanomaterials. The advent of new classes of fluorophores including nanocrystals, nanoparticles, polymers, and genetically encoded proteins, in conjunction with ever more sophisticated equipment, has been vital in this development. This review gives a critical overview of the major classes of fluorophore materials that may act as donor, acceptor, or both in a FRET configuration. We focus in particular on the benefits and limitations of these materials and their combinations, as well as the available methods of bioconjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim E Sapsford
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6910, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
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96
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Zhu MQ, Zhu L, Han JJ, Wuwei W, Hurst JK, Li ADQ. Spiropyran-based photochromic polymer nanoparticles with optically switchable luminescence. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:4303-9. [PMID: 16569006 PMCID: PMC2546359 DOI: 10.1021/ja0567642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polymer nanoparticles of 40-400 nm diameter with spiropyran-merocyanine dyes incorporated into their hydrophobic cavities have been prepared; in contrast to their virtually nonfluorescent character in most environments, the merocyanine forms of the encapsulated dyes are highly fluorescent. Spiro-mero photoisomerization is reversible, allowing the fluorescence to be switched "on" and "off" by alternating UV and visible light. Immobilizing the dye inside hydrophobic pockets of nanoparticles also improves its photostability, rendering it more resistant than the same dyes in solution to fatigue effects arising from photochemical switching. The photophysical characteristics of the encapsulated fluorophores differ dramatically from those of the same species in solution, making nanoparticle-protected hydrophobic fluorophores attractive materials for potential applications such as optical data storage and switching and biological fluorescent labeling. To evaluate the potential for biological tagging, these optically addressable nanoparticles have been delivered into living cells and imaged with a liquid nitrogen-cooled CCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - Linyong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - Jason J. Han
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - Wu Wuwei
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - James K. Hurst
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
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97
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Vuorinen T, Kaunisto K, Tkachenko NV, Efimov A, Lemmetyinen H. Photoinduced interlayer electron transfer in alternating porphyrin–fullerene dyad and regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) Langmuir–Blodgett films. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2005.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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98
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Straight SD, Terazono Y, Kodis G, Moore TA, Moore AL, Gust D. Photoswitchable Sensitization of Porphyrin Excited States. Aust J Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1071/ch05310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Light-driven molecular switches consisting of a porphyrin covalently linked to a fulgimide photochrome antenna have been prepared. Light absorbed by the cyclic form of the fulgimide is transferred to the porphyrin with ≥ 95% efficiency, generating the porphyrin first excited singlet state. Irradiation with visible light photoisomerizes the fulgimide to the open form, which does not absorb above 450 nm, and antenna function is abolished. UV irradiation converts the fulgimide back into the cyclic form, re-establishing efficient energy transfer. Photoisomerization of the fulgimide thus controls generation of the porphyrin excited state, which may then be used to carry out a variety of useful photochemical processes.
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99
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Abstract
The photochemical processes of singlet-singlet energy transfer and photoinduced electron transfer are important not only in natural and artificial photosynthetic energy conversion, but also in a variety of other scientific and technological applications. Controlling these functions at the molecular level using outside stimuli is an interesting scientific challenge. Photochromes, organic molecules that are isomerized by light between two stable forms, can be covalently linked to other chromophores, and changes in their properties resulting from photoisomerization used to switch electron and energy transfer on or off. Simple single- and double-throw molecular switches have been constructed, as well as Boolean logic gates. Such molecules are potentially useful in light-controlled molecular data processing and storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devens Gust
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1604, USA.
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100
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Zhu L, Zhu MQ, Hurst JK, Li AD. Light-controlled molecular switches modulate nanocrystal fluorescence. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:8968-70. [PMID: 15969571 PMCID: PMC1435833 DOI: 10.1021/ja0423421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Spiropyran dyes were attached to fluorescent core-shell CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals via thiol-containing linkers. Photoisomerization of the dye to its merocyanine form by UV irradiation caused a dramatic loss in the intrinsic nanoparticle fluorescence, which was regained upon reversing the isomerization with visible light. The fluorescence quenching efficiency increased with increasing spectral overlap of fluorescence emission and merocyanine adsorption bands, consistent with FRET as the quenching mechanism. Typically, complete quenching required at least 80 bound dye molecules per particle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 E-mail :
| | - Ming-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 E-mail :
| | - James K. Hurst
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 E-mail :
| | - Alexander D.Q. Li
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 E-mail :
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