51
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Vidal F, Jäkle F. Functional Polymeric Materials Based on Main‐Group Elements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5846-5870. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Vidal
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University—Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University—Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
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52
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Vidal F, Jäkle F. Funktionelle polymere Materialien auf der Basis von Hauptgruppen‐Elementen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Vidal
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University—Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University—Newark 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
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53
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Han D, Anke F, Trose M, Beweries T. Recent advances in transition metal catalysed dehydropolymerisation of amine boranes and phosphine boranes. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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54
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Colebatch AL, Weller AS. Amine-Borane Dehydropolymerization: Challenges and Opportunities. Chemistry 2019; 25:1379-1390. [PMID: 30338876 PMCID: PMC6391989 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The dehydropolymerization of amine-boranes, exemplified as H2 RB⋅NR'H2 , to produce polyaminoboranes (HRBNR'H)n that are inorganic analogues of polyolefins with alternating main-chain B-N units, is an area with significant potential, stemming from both fundamental (mechanism, catalyst development, main-group hetero-cross-coupling) and technological (new polymeric materials) opportunities. This Concept article outlines recent advances in the field, covering catalyst development and performance, current mechanistic models, and alternative non-catalytic routes for polymer production. The substrate scope, polymer properties and applications of these exciting materials are also outlined. Challenges and opportunities in the field are suggested, as a way of providing focus for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie L. Colebatch
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Andrew S. Weller
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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55
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Liu XR, Chen XM, Zhang J, Jensen TR, Chen X. The interconversion between THF·B 3H 7 and B 3H 8-: an efficient synthetic method for MB 3H 8 (M = Li and Na). Dalton Trans 2019; 48:5140-5143. [PMID: 30916702 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00843h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthetic method for MB3H8 (M = Li and Na) has been developed with improved yields on the basis of the investigation of the interconversion between THF·B3H7 and corresponding MB3H8. The mechanism was tentatively proposed based on the understanding of the nucleophilicity of the B-H bonding pair electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ran Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
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56
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Chen XM, Liu SC, Xu CQ, Jing Y, Wei D, Li J, Chen X. Unravelling a general mechanism of converting ionic B/N complexes into neutral B/N analogues of alkanes: Hδ+⋯Hδ– dihydrogen bonding assisted dehydrogenation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:12239-12242. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07133d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Different mechanisms for [NH3BH2NH3]+[BH4]− → NH3BH3 + [NH2BH2]n and [NH4]+[BH3NH2BH3]− → NH3BH2NH2BH3 have been elucidated, which leads to the proposal of a general mechanism as below.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Meng Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- China
| | - Si-Cong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Cong-Qiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Yi Jing
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Xuenian Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Boron Chemistry and Advanced Energy Materials
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- China
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57
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Farhadpour B, Guo J, Hairsine DW, Gilroy JB, Baines KM. On the primary structure of polysilenes and polygermenes. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00781d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Materials derived from the anionic polymerization of a silene or a germene have a regular, alternating structure without any significant rearrangement taking place during polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Farhadpour
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Jiacheng Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Douglas W. Hairsine
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - Kim M. Baines
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR)
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
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58
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Maier TM, Sandl S, Shenderovich IG, Jacobi von Wangelin A, Weigand JJ, Wolf R. Amine-Borane Dehydrogenation and Transfer Hydrogenation Catalyzed by α-Diimine Cobaltates. Chemistry 2018; 25:238-245. [PMID: 30378191 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Anionic α-diimine cobalt complexes, such as [K(thf)1.5 {(Dipp BIAN)Co(η4 -cod)}] (1; Dipp=2,6-diisopropylphenyl, cod=1,5-cyclooctadiene), catalyze the dehydrogenation of several amine-boranes. Based on the excellent catalytic properties, an especially effective transfer hydrogenation protocol for challenging olefins, imines, and N-heteroarenes was developed. NH3 BH3 was used as a dihydrogen surrogate, which transferred up to two equivalents of H2 per NH3 BH3 . Detailed spectroscopic and mechanistic studies are presented, which document the rate determination by acidic protons in the amine-borane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Maier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Sandl
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.,Current address: University of Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ilya G Shenderovich
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Axel Jacobi von Wangelin
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.,Current address: University of Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan J Weigand
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Wolf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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59
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Nanocrystalline metal organic framework (MIL-101) stabilized copper Nanoparticles: Highly efficient nanocatalyst for the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of methylamine borane. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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60
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Hegen O, Virovets AV, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. The Lewis-Base-Stabilized Diphenyl-Substituted Arsanylborane: A Versatile Building Block for Arsanylborane Oligomers. Chemistry 2018; 24:16521-16525. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hegen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Alexander V. Virovets
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Lavrentyev Prosp, 3; 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk State University; ul. Pirogova, 3 630090 Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry; St. Petersburg State University; 199034 Universitetskaya emb. 7/9 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Regensburg; 93040 Regensburg Germany
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61
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Glüer A, Schweizer JI, Karaca US, Würtele C, Diefenbach M, Holthausen MC, Schneider S. Hydrosilane Synthesis by Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Chlorosilanes and Silyl Triflates. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:13822-13828. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Glüer
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia I. Schweizer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Uhut S. Karaca
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Diefenbach
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Max C. Holthausen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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62
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Trose M, Reiß M, Reiß F, Anke F, Spannenberg A, Boye S, Lederer A, Arndt P, Beweries T. Dehydropolymerisation of methylamine borane using a dinuclear 1,3-allenediyl bridged zirconocene complex. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12858-12862. [PMID: 30156242 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03311k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dinuclear zirconocene chloride complex 1 is a highly active precatalyst for the dehydropolymerisation of methylamine borane. Comparison with mononuclear Zr chlorides and related dinuclear complexes suggests that the nature of the bridging motif is essential for the unique reactivity of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trose
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - M Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - F Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - F Anke
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - A Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - S Boye
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany and Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - P Arndt
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - T Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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63
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Turner J, Chilton NF, Kumar A, Colebatch AL, Whittell GR, Sparkes HA, Weller AS, Manners I. Iron Precatalysts with Bulky Tri(tert-butyl)cyclopentadienyl Ligands for the Dehydrocoupling of Dimethylamine-Borane. Chemistry 2018; 24:14127-14136. [PMID: 29573487 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In an attempt to prepare new Fe catalysts for the dehydrocoupling of amine-boranes and to provide mechanistic insight, the paramagnetic FeII dimeric complex [Cp'FeI]2 (1) (Cp'=η5 -((1,2,4-tBu)3 C5 H2 )) was used as a precursor to a series of cyclopentadienyl FeII and FeIII mononuclear species. The complexes prepared were [Cp'Fe(η6 -Tol)][Cp'FeI2 ] (2) (Tol=C6 H5 Me), [Cp'Fe(η6 -Tol)][BArF4 ] (3) (BArF4 =[B(C6 H3 (m-CF3 )2 )4 ]- ), [N(nBu)4 ][Cp'FeI2 ] (4), Cp'FeI2 (5), and [Cp'Fe(MeCN)3 ][BArF4 ] (6). The electronic structure of the [Cp'FeI2 ]- anion in 2 and 4 was investigated by SQUID magnetometry, EPR spectroscopy and ab initio Complete Active Space Self Consistent Field-Spin Orbit (CASSCF-SO) calculations, and the studies revealed a strongly anisotropic S=2 ground state. Complexes 1-6 were investigated as catalysts for the dehydrocoupling of Me2 NH⋅BH3 (I) in THF at 20 °C to yield the cyclodiborazane product [Me2 N-BH2 ]2 (IV). Complexes 1-4 and 6 were active dehydrocoupling catalysts towards I (5 mol % loading), however 5 was inactive, and ultra-violet (UV) irradiation was required for the reaction mediated by 3. Complex 6 was found to be the most active precatalyst, reaching 80 % conversion to IV after 19 h at 22 °C. Dehydrocoupling of I by 1-4 proceeded via formation of the aminoborane Me2 N=BH2 (II) as the major intermediate, whereas for 6 the linear diborazane Me2 NH-BH2 -NMe2 -BH3 (III) could be detected, together with trace amounts of II. Reactions of 1 and 6 with Me3 N⋅BH3 were investigated in an attempt to identify Fe-based intermediates in the catalytic reactions. The σ-complex [Cp'Fe(MeCN)(κ2 -H2 BH⋅NMe2 H][BArF4 ] was proposed to initially form in dehydrocoupling reactions involving 6 based on ESI-MS (ESI=Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectroscopy) and NMR spectroscopic evidence. The latter also suggests that these complexes function as precursors to iron hydrides which may be the true catalytic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | | | - George R Whittell
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Hazel A Sparkes
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Andrew S Weller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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64
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Staubitz A. Hochmolekulare Polymere mit diversen Substituenten durch eine ungewöhnliche, metallfreie Synthese von Poly(aminoboranen). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Staubitz
- Institut für Organische und Analytische Chemie Universität Bremen Leobener Straße 7 28359 Bremen Deutschland
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes Universität Bremen Bibliothekstraße 1 28359 Bremen Deutschland
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 4 24098 Kiel Deutschland
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65
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Staubitz A. Generation of High‐Molecular‐Weight Polymers with Diverse Substituents: An Unusual Metal‐Free Synthesis of Poly(aminoborane)s. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5990-5992. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Staubitz
- Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry University of Bremen Leobener Str. 7 28359 Bremen Germany
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes University of Bremen Bibliothekstr. 1 28359 Bremen Germany
- Otto-Diels-Institute for Organic Chemistry University of Kiel Otto-Hahn-Platz 4 24098 Kiel Germany
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66
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Colebatch AL, Hawkey Gilder BW, Whittell GR, Oldroyd NL, Manners I, Weller AS. A General, Rhodium-Catalyzed, Synthesis of Deuterated Boranes andN-Methyl Polyaminoboranes. Chemistry 2018; 24:5450-5455. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annie L. Colebatch
- Department of Chemistry; Chemistry Research Laboratory; University of Oxford; Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Benjamin W. Hawkey Gilder
- Department of Chemistry; Chemistry Research Laboratory; University of Oxford; Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - George R. Whittell
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Nicola L. Oldroyd
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Andrew S. Weller
- Department of Chemistry; Chemistry Research Laboratory; University of Oxford; Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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67
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Pal S, Kusumoto S, Nozaki K. Dehydrogenation of Dimethylamine–Borane Catalyzed by Half-Sandwich Ir and Rh Complexes: Mechanism and the Role of Cp* Noninnocence. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shrinwantu Pal
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kusumoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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68
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Ayhan O, Riensch NA, Glasmacher C, Helten H. Cyclolinear Oligo- and Poly(iminoborane)s: The Missing Link in Inorganic Main-Group Macromolecular Chemistry. Chemistry 2018; 24:5883-5894. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Ayhan
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Nicolas A. Riensch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Clemens Glasmacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
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69
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Jurca T, Dellermann T, Stubbs NE, Resendiz-Lara DA, Whittell GR, Manners I. Step-growth titanium-catalysed dehydropolymerisation of amine-boranes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3360-3366. [PMID: 29780466 PMCID: PMC5933219 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05395a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Precatalysts active for the dehydropolymerisation of primary amine-boranes are generally based on mid or late transition metal. We have found that the activity of the precatalyst system formed from CpR2TiCl2 and 2nBuLi towards the dehydrogenation of the secondary amine-borane Me2NH·BH3, to yield the cyclic diborazane [Me2N-BH2]2, increases dramatically with increasing electron-donating character of the cyclopentadienyl rings (CpR). Application of the most active precatalyst system (CpR = η-C5Me5) to the primary amine-borane MeNH2·BH3 enabled the first synthesis of high molar mass poly(N-methylaminoborane), [MeNH-BH2] n , the BN analogue of polypropylene, by an early transition metal such as catalyst. Significantly, unlike other dehydropolymerization precatalysts for MeNH2·BH3 such as [Ir(POCOP)H2], skeletal nickel, and [Rh(COD)Cl]2, the Ti precatalyst system was also active towards a range of substrates including BzNH2·BH3 (Bz = benzyl) yielding high molar mass polymer. Moreover, in contrast to the late transition metal catalysed dehydropolymerisation of MeNH2·BH3 and also the Ziegler-Natta polymerisation of olefins, studies indicate that the Ti-catalyzed dehydropolymerization reactions proceed by a step-growth rather than a chain-growth mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titel Jurca
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
| | - Theresa Dellermann
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
| | - Naomi E Stubbs
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
| | - Diego A Resendiz-Lara
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
| | - George R Whittell
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
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70
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Takahashi H, Watanabe T, Tobita H. Bifunctional Iron-Amino Complexes: Highly Efficient Catalysts for Dehydrogenation of Ammonia-Borane. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.171052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takahito Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tobita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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71
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Paul USD, Braunschweig H, Radius U. Iridium-catalysed dehydrocoupling of aryl phosphine-borane adducts: synthesis and characterisation of high molecular weight poly(phosphinoboranes). Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:8573-6. [PMID: 27320239 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04363a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The thermal dehydrogenative coupling of aryl phosphine-borane adducts with iridium complexes bearing a bis(phosphinite) pincer ligand is reported. This catalysis produces high molecular weight poly(phosphinoboranes) [ArPH-BH2]n (Ar = Ph, (p)Tol, Mes). Furthermore, we investigated the reactivity of these pincer complexes towards primary phosphines and their respective borane adducts on a stoichiometric scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula S D Paul
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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72
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Adams GM, Colebatch AL, Skornia JT, McKay AI, Johnson HC, Lloyd−Jones GC, Macgregor SA, Beattie NA, Weller AS. Dehydropolymerization of H3B·NMeH2 To Form Polyaminoboranes Using [Rh(Xantphos-alkyl)] Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1481-1495. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma M. Adams
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Annie L. Colebatch
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph T. Skornia
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Alasdair I. McKay
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Heather C. Johnson
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Guy C. Lloyd−Jones
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A. Macgregor
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas A. Beattie
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S. Weller
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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73
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De Albuquerque Pinheiro CA, Roiland C, Jehan P, Alcaraz G. Solventless and Metal-Free Synthesis of High-Molecular-Mass Polyaminoboranes from Diisopropylaminoborane and Primary Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1519-1522. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Roiland
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), UMR-CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Philippe Jehan
- ScanMAT-CRMPO, UMS-CNRS 2001; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Gilles Alcaraz
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), UMR-CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
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74
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De Albuquerque Pinheiro CA, Roiland C, Jehan P, Alcaraz G. Solventless and Metal-Free Synthesis of High-Molecular-Mass Polyaminoboranes from Diisopropylaminoborane and Primary Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Roiland
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), UMR-CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Philippe Jehan
- ScanMAT-CRMPO, UMS-CNRS 2001; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Gilles Alcaraz
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), UMR-CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
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75
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Lambic NS, Sommer RD, Ison EA. High-valent nitridorhenium(v) complexes containing PNP ligands: implications of ligand flexibility. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:758-768. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03615a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of (PNP)Re(N)X (PNP = [2-P(CHMe2)2-4-MeC6H3]2N, X = Cl and Me) complexes is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola S. Lambic
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | - Roger D. Sommer
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | - Elon A. Ison
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
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76
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Marquardt C, Hegen O, Vogel A, Stauber A, Bodensteiner M, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Depolymerization of Poly(phosphinoboranes): From Polymers to Lewis Base Stabilized Monomers. Chemistry 2017; 24:360-363. [PMID: 29166549 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on depolymerization reactions of poly(phosphinoboranes). The cleavage of the polymers [H2 PBH2 ]n (2 a), [tBuHPBH2 ]n (2 c), [PhHPBH2 ]n (2 e) and the oligomer [Ph2 PBH2 ]n (2 b), with strong Lewis bases (LBs), in particular with NHCs, leads to the corresponding monomeric phosphanylboranes R1 R2 PBH2 LB. It is observed that the depolymerization depends on the strength and stability of the LBs as well as on the substitution pattern of the poly(phosphinoboranes). The solid state structures of the monomeric phosphinoboranes H2 PBH2 NHCMe (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) (4 a), H2 PBH2 NHCdipp (5 a) and tBuHPBH2 NHCMe (4 c) were determined. DFT calculations support the experimentally observed reaction behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Marquardt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hegen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ariane Vogel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Stauber
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Bodensteiner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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77
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McLellan R, Kennedy AR, Mulvey RE, Orr SA, Robertson SD. 1-Alkali-metal-2-alkyl-1,2-dihydropyridines: Soluble Hydride Surrogates for Catalytic Dehydrogenative Coupling and Hydroboration Applications. Chemistry 2017; 23:16853-16861. [PMID: 28940713 PMCID: PMC5820744 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Equipped with excellent hydrocarbon solubility, the lithium hydride surrogate 1-lithium-2-tert-butyl-1,2-dihydropyridine (1tLi) functions as a precatalyst to convert Me2 NH⋅BH3 to [NMe2 BH2 ]2 (89 % conversion) under competitive conditions (2.5 mol %, 60 h, 80 °C, toluene solvent) to that of previously reported LiN(SiMe3 )2 . Sodium and potassium dihydropyridine congeners produce similar high yields of [NMe2 BH2 ]2 but require longer times. Switching the solvent to pyridine induces a remarkable change in the dehydrocoupling product ratio, with (NMe2 )2 BH favoured over [NMe2 BH2 ]2 (e.g., 94 %:2 % for 1tLi). Demonstrating its versatility, precatalyst 1tLi was also successful in promoting hydroboration reactions between pinacolborane and a selection of aldehydes and ketones. Most reactions gave near quantitative conversion to the hydroborated products in 15 minutes, though sterically demanding carbonyl substrates require longer times. The mechanisms of these rare examples of Group 1 metal-catalysed processes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross McLellan
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Robert E. Mulvey
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Samantha A. Orr
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Stuart D. Robertson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
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78
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Wu L, Chitnis SS, Jiao H, Annibale VT, Manners I. Non-Metal-Catalyzed Heterodehydrocoupling of Phosphines and Hydrosilanes: Mechanistic Studies of B(C 6F 5) 3-Mediated Formation of P-Si Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16780-16790. [PMID: 28991469 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-metal-catalyzed heterodehydrocoupling of primary and secondary phosphines (R1R2PH, R2 = H or R1) with hydrosilanes (R3R4R5SiH, R4, R5 = H or R3) to produce synthetically useful silylphosphines (R1R2P-SiR3R4R5) has been achieved using B(C6F5)3 as the catalyst (10 mol %, 100 °C). Kinetic studies demonstrated that the reaction is first-order in hydrosilane and B(C6F5)3 but zero-order in phosphine. Control experiments, DFT calculations, and DOSY NMR studies suggest that a R1R2HP·B(C6F5)3 adduct is initially formed and undergoes partial dissociation to form an "encounter complex". The latter mediates frustrated Lewis pair type Si-H bond activation of the silane substrates. We also found that B(C6F5)3 catalyzes the homodehydrocoupling of primary phosphines to form cyclic phosphine rings and the first example of a non-metal-catalyzed hydrosilylation of P-P bonds to produce silylphosphines (R1R2P-SiR3R4R5). Moreover, the introduction of PhCN to the reactions involving secondary phosphines with hydrosilanes allowed the heterodehydrocoupling reaction to proceed efficiently under much milder conditions (1.0 mol % B(C6F5)3 at 25 °C). Mechanistic studies, as well as DFT calculations, revealed that PhCN plays a key mechanistic role in facilitating the dehydrocoupling reactions rather than simply functioning as H2-acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Wu
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Saurabh S Chitnis
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Haijun Jiao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. , Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Vincent T Annibale
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol , Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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79
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Das UK, Daifuku SL, Iannuzzi TE, Gorelsky SI, Korobkov I, Gabidullin B, Neidig ML, Baker RT. Iron(II) Complexes of a Hemilabile SNS Amido Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:13766-13776. [PMID: 29112382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We report an easily prepared bis(thioether) amine ligand, SMeNHSMe, along with the synthesis, characterization, and reactivity of the paramagnetic iron(II) bis(amido) complex, [Fe(κ3-SMeNSMe)2] (1). Binding of the two different thioethers to Fe generates both five- and six-membered rings with Fe-S bonds in the five-membered rings (av 2.54 Å) being significantly shorter than those in the six-membered rings (av 2.71 Å), suggesting hemilability of the latter thioethers. Consistent with this hypothesis, magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and computational (TD-DFT) studies indicate that 1 in solution contains a five-coordinate component [Fe(κ3-SMeNSMe)(κ2-SMeNSMe)] (2). This ligand hemilability was demonstrated further by reactivity studies of 1 with 2,2'-bipyridine, 1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane, and 2,6-dimethylphenyl isonitrile to afford iron(II) complexes [L2Fe(κ2-SMeNSMe)2] (3-5). Addition of a Brønsted acid, HNTf2, to 1 produces the paramagnetic, iron(II) amine-amido cation, [Fe(κ3-SMeNSMe)(κ3-SMeNHSMe)](NTf2) (6; Tf = SO2CF3). Cation 6 readily undergoes amine ligand substitution by triphos, affording the 16e- complex [Fe(κ2-SMeNSMe)(κ3-triphos)](NTf2) (7; triphos = bis(2-diphenylphosphinoethyl)phenylphosphine). These complexes are characterized by elemental analysis; 1H NMR, Mössbauer, IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy; and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Preliminary results of amine-borane dehydrogenation catalysis show complex 7 to be a selective and particularly robust precatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam K Das
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Stephanie L Daifuku
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Theresa E Iannuzzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Serge I Gorelsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ilia Korobkov
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Bulat Gabidullin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Michael L Neidig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - R Tom Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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80
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Hegen O, Marquardt C, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. A Convenient Route to Mixed Pnictogenylboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12783-12787. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hegen
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Christian Marquardt
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Germany
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81
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Hegen O, Marquardt C, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Ein Weg zu gemischten Pnictogenylboranen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hegen
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Christian Marquardt
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russland
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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82
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Turner JR, Resendiz-Lara DA, Jurca T, Schäfer A, Vance JR, Beckett L, Whittell GR, Musgrave RA, Sparkes HA, Manners I. Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Poly(aryl)phosphinoboranes Formed via Iron-Catalyzed Dehydropolymerization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R. Turner
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | | | - Titel Jurca
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - André Schäfer
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - James R. Vance
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Laura Beckett
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - George R. Whittell
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Rebecca A. Musgrave
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Hazel A. Sparkes
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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83
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Kwan EH, Ogawa H, Yamashita M. A Highly Active PBP–Iridium Catalyst for the Dehydrogenation of Dimethylamine–Borane: Catalytic Performance and Mechanism. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Huang Kwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University 1-13-27 Kasuga Bunkyo-ku 112-8551 Tokyo Japan
| | - Hayato Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University 1-13-27 Kasuga Bunkyo-ku 112-8551 Tokyo Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku 464-8603 Nagoya Japan
- Research Development Initiative Chuo University 1-13-27 Kasuga Bunkyo-ku 112-8551 Tokyo Japan
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84
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Zhang X, Kam L, Trerise R, Williams TJ. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Ammonia Borane Dehydrogenation: Mechanism and Utility. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:86-95. [PMID: 28032510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges in using H2 as a fuel source is finding a safe, efficient, and inexpensive method for its storage. Ammonia borane (AB) is a solid hydrogen storage material that has garnered attention for its high hydrogen weight density (19.6 wt %) and ease of handling and transport. Hydrogen release from ammonia borane is mediated by either hydrolysis, thus giving borate products that are difficult to rereduce, or direct dehydrogenation. Catalytic AB dehydrogenation has thus been a popular topic in recent years, motivated both by applications in hydrogen storage and main group synthetic chemistry. This Account is a complete description of work from our laboratory in ruthenium-catalyzed ammonia borane dehydrogenation over the last 6 years, beginning with the Shvo catalyst and resulting ultimately in the development of optimized, leading catalysts for efficient hydrogen release. We have studied AB dehydrogenation with Shvo's catalyst extensively and generated a detailed understanding of the role that borazine, a dehydrogenation product, plays in the reaction: it is a poison for both Shvo's catalyst and PEM fuel cells. Through independent syntheses of Shvo derivatives, we found a protective mechanism wherein catalyst deactivation by borazine is prevented by coordination of a ligand that might otherwise be a catalytic poison. These studies showed how a bidentate N-N ligand can transform the Shvo into a more reactive species for AB dehydrogenation that minimizes accumulation of borazine. Simultaneously, we designed novel ruthenium catalysts that contain a Lewis acidic boron to replace the Shvo -OH proton, thus offering more flexibility to optimize hydrogen release and take on more general problems in hydride abstraction. Our scorpionate-ligated ruthenium species (12) is a best-of-class catalyst for homogeneous dehydrogenation of ammonia borane in terms of its extent of hydrogen release (4.6 wt %), air tolerance, and reusability. Moreover, a synthetically simplified ruthenium complex supported by the inexpensive bis(pyrazolyl)borate ligand is a comparably good catalyst for AB dehydrogenation, among other reactions. In this Account, we present a detailed, concise description of how our work with the Shvo system progressed to the development of our very reactive and flexible dual-site boron-ruthenium catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Zhang
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research
Institute, Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Lisa Kam
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research
Institute, Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Ryan Trerise
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research
Institute, Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Travis J. Williams
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research
Institute, Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
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85
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Anke F, Han D, Klahn M, Spannenberg A, Beweries T. Formation of high-molecular weight polyaminoborane by Fe hydride catalysed dehydrocoupling of methylamine borane. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:6843-6847. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01487b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The complex [(PNHP)Fe(H)(CO)(HBH3)] (PNHP = HN(CH2CH2Pi-Pr2)2) serves as a catalyst precursor for the selective dehydrocoupling of methylamine borane at room temperature, tentatively via an off-metal polymerisation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Anke
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - D. Han
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - M. Klahn
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - A. Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - T. Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
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86
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Resendiz-Lara DA, Stubbs NE, Arz MI, Pridmore NE, Sparkes HA, Manners I. Boron–nitrogen main chain analogues of polystyrene: poly(B-aryl)aminoboranes via catalytic dehydrocoupling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:11701-11704. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07331c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High molecular weight B-arylated polyaminoboranes are obtained via catalytic dehydropolymerisation of B-aryl amine–boranes and represent the first inorganic polystyrene analogues with a B–N main chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marius I. Arz
- School of Chemistry
- University of Bristol
- Bristol BS8 1TS
- UK
| | | | | | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry
- University of Bristol
- Bristol BS8 1TS
- UK
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87
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Gulcan M, Karataş Y. Synthesized polyvidone-stabilized Rh(0) nanoparticles catalyzed the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of methylamine-borane in ambient conditions. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02481a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Polyvidone (PVP40)-stabilized Rh nanoparticles (Rh@PVP40) were synthesized via a classical alcohol reduction technique and were characterized by carrying out TEM, HR-TEM, TEM/EDX, P-XRD analysis, UV/Vis and XPS spectroscopy investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Gulcan
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, Yüzüncü Yıl University
- Van
- Turkey
| | - Y. Karataş
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, Yüzüncü Yıl University
- Van
- Turkey
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88
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Thiedemann B, Gliese PJ, Hoffmann J, Lawrence PG, Sönnichsen FD, Staubitz A. High molecular weight poly(N-methyl-B-vinylazaborine) – a semi-inorganic B–N polystyrene analogue. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:7258-7261. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08599g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present the synthesis of a B–N analogue of polystyrene, poly(N-methyl-B-vinylazaborine) in high molecular weight (MW = 24.9 kDa).
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Affiliation(s)
- Birk Thiedemann
- Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry
- Leobener Str. NW2C
- University of Bremen
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Philipp J. Gliese
- Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry
- Leobener Str. NW2C
- University of Bremen
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Jonas Hoffmann
- Otto-Diels-Institute for Organic Chemistry
- University of Kiel
- 24098 Kiel
- Germany
| | | | - Frank D. Sönnichsen
- Otto-Diels-Institute for Organic Chemistry
- University of Kiel
- 24098 Kiel
- Germany
| | - Anne Staubitz
- Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry
- Leobener Str. NW2C
- University of Bremen
- 28359 Bremen
- Germany
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89
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Wang X, Hooper TN, Kumar A, Priest IK, Sheng Y, Samuels TOM, Wang S, Robertson AW, Pacios M, Bhaskaran H, Weller AS, Warner JH. Oligomeric aminoborane precursors for the chemical vapour deposition growth of few-layer hexagonal boron nitride. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce02006b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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90
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Bhunya S, Malakar T, Ganguly G, Paul A. Combining Protons and Hydrides by Homogeneous Catalysis for Controlling the Release of Hydrogen from Ammonia–Borane: Present Status and Challenges. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Bhunya
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and
Optical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Tanmay Malakar
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and
Optical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Gaurab Ganguly
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and
Optical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Ankan Paul
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and
Optical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
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91
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Ayhan O, Eckert T, Plamper FA, Helten H. Poly(iminoborane)s: An Elusive Class of Main-Group Polymers? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:13321-13325. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Ayhan
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Thomas Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Felix A. Plamper
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
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92
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Ayhan O, Eckert T, Plamper FA, Helten H. Poly(iminoborane): Eine schwer fassbare Klasse von anorganischen Hauptgruppenpolymeren? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Ayhan
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Thomas Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Felix A. Plamper
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Holger Helten
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
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93
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Müller F, Trincado M, Pribanic B, Vogt M, Grützmacher H. Stable BH3 adducts to rhodium amide bonds. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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94
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Metters OJ, Flynn SR, Dowds CK, Sparkes HA, Manners I, Wass DF. Catalytic Dehydrocoupling of Amine–Boranes using Cationic Zirconium(IV)–Phosphine Frustrated Lewis Pairs. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Owen J. Metters
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Stephanie R. Flynn
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Christiana K. Dowds
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Hazel A. Sparkes
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Duncan F. Wass
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
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95
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Esteruelas MA, Nolis P, Oliván M, Oñate E, Vallribera A, Vélez A. Ammonia Borane Dehydrogenation Promoted by a Pincer-Square-Planar Rhodium(I) Monohydride: A Stepwise Hydrogen Transfer from the Substrate to the Catalyst. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:7176-81. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza−CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Montserrat Oliván
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza−CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza−CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Vélez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro
de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza−CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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96
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Osowski T, Golbek J, Merz K, Merten C. Intermolecular Interactions of a Chiral Amine Borane Adduct Revealed by VCD Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:4108-15. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b03955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Osowski
- Organische
Chemie 2, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia Golbek
- Anorganische
Chemie 1, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Klaus Merz
- Anorganische
Chemie 1, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Merten
- Organische
Chemie 2, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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97
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Esteruelas MA, López AM, Oliván M. Polyhydrides of Platinum Group Metals: Nonclassical Interactions and σ-Bond Activation Reactions. Chem Rev 2016; 116:8770-847. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de
Química
Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza−CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana M. López
- Departamento de
Química
Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza−CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Montserrat Oliván
- Departamento de
Química
Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química
y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza−CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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98
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Kumar A, Beattie NA, Pike SD, Macgregor SA, Weller AS. The Simplest Amino-borane H2 B=NH2 Trapped on a Rhodium Dimer: Pre-Catalysts for Amine-Borane Dehydropolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6651-6. [PMID: 27100775 PMCID: PMC5074255 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The μ-amino-borane complexes [Rh2 (L(R) )2 (μ-H)(μ-H2 B=NHR')][BAr(F) 4 ] (L(R) =R2 P(CH2 )3 PR2 ; R=Ph, (i) Pr; R'=H, Me) form by addition of H3 B⋅NMeR'H2 to [Rh(L(R) )(η(6) -C6 H5 F)][BAr(F) 4 ]. DFT calculations demonstrate that the amino-borane interacts with the Rh centers through strong Rh-H and Rh-B interactions. Mechanistic investigations show that these dimers can form by a boronium-mediated route, and are pre-catalysts for amine-borane dehydropolymerization, suggesting a possible role for bimetallic motifs in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratories, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Nicholas A Beattie
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Sebastian D Pike
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratories, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Stuart A Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Andrew S Weller
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratories, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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99
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Lorenz T, Lik A, Plamper FA, Helten H. Dehydrokupplungs- und Silazanspaltungsrouten zu organisch-anorganischen Hybridpolymeren mit NBN-Einheiten in der Hauptkette. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lorenz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Artur Lik
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Felix A. Plamper
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Holger Helten
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
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100
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Lorenz T, Lik A, Plamper FA, Helten H. Dehydrocoupling and Silazane Cleavage Routes to Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Polymers with NBN Units in the Main Chain. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7236-41. [PMID: 27151314 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great potential of both π-conjugated organoboron polymers and BN-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in organic optoelectronics, our knowledge of conjugated polymers with B-N bonds in their main chain is currently scarce. Herein, the first examples of a new class of organic-inorganic hybrid polymers are presented, which consist of alternating NBN and para-phenylene units. Polycondensation with B-N bond formation provides facile access to soluble materials under mild conditions. The photophysical data for the polymer and molecular model systems of different chain lengths reveal a low extent of π-conjugation across the NBN units, which is supported by DFT calculations. The applicability of the new polymers as macromolecular polyligands is demonstrated by a cross-linking reaction with Zr(IV) .
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lorenz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Artur Lik
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix A Plamper
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany.
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