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Nagaki A, Takahashi Y, Yoshida JI. Extremely Fast Gas/Liquid Reactions in Flow Microreactors: Carboxylation of Short-Lived Organolithiums. Chemistry 2014; 20:7931-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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53
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Voicu D, Abolhasani M, Choueiri R, Lestari G, Seiler C, Menard G, Greener J, Guenther A, Stephan DW, Kumacheva E. Microfluidic Studies of CO2 Sequestration by Frustrated Lewis Pairs. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:3875-80. [DOI: 10.1021/ja411601a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Voicu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Milad Abolhasani
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Rachelle Choueiri
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Gabriella Lestari
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Caroline Seiler
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Gabriel Menard
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jesse Greener
- Départment
de Chimie, Université Laval, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon local 1220, av. De la
Médecine, Québec QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Axel Guenther
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
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54
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Huang X, Hui W, Hao C, Yue W, Yang M, Cui Y, Wang Z. On-site formation of emulsions by controlled air plugs. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:758-765. [PMID: 24030982 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Air plugs are usually undesirable in microfluidic systems because of their detrimental effect on the system's stability and integrity. By controlling the wetting properties as well as the topographical geometry of the microchannel, it is reported herein that air plugs can be generated in pre-defined locations to function as a unique valve, allowing for the on-site formation of various emulsions including single-component droplets, composite droplets with droplet-to-droplet concentration gradient, blood droplets, paired droplets, as well as bubble arrays without the need for precious flow control, a difficult task with conventional droplet microfluidics. Moreover, the self-generated air valve can be readily deactivated (turned off) by the introduction of an oil phase, allowing for the on-demand release of as-formed droplets for downstream applications. It is proposed that the simple, yet versatile nature of this technique can act as an important method for droplet microfluidics and, in particular, is ideal for the development of affordable lab-on-a-chip systems without suffering from scalability and manufacturing challenges that typically confound the conventional droplet microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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55
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Lu Y, Fu T, Zhu C, Ma Y, Li HZ. Scaling of the bubble formation in a flow-focusing device: Role of the liquid viscosity. Chem Eng Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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56
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Kenig EY, Su Y, Lautenschleger A, Chasanis P, Grünewald M. Micro-separation of fluid systems: A state-of-the-art review. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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57
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Nguyen DT, Esser-Kahn AP. A Microvascular System for Chemical Reactions Using Surface Waste Heat. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13731-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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58
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Nguyen DT, Esser-Kahn AP. A Microvascular System for Chemical Reactions Using Surface Waste Heat. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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59
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Yang L, Wang K, Mak S, Li Y, Luo G. A novel microfluidic technology for the preparation of gas-in-oil-in-water emulsions. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:3355-3359. [PMID: 23824066 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50652e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a novel microfluidic method for the controllable generation of uniform gas-in-oil-in-water double emulsions with ultra-thin liquid films (2-12 μm) covering microbubbles (116-180 μm). This method combines one dispersion stage and a mass transfer-induced phase separation process in a simple co-flowing microchannel, instead of a complicated microfluidic device fabrication and a multistage dispersion process. In our experiments, CO2-alkane gas mixtures (dispersed phase) and NaOH aqueous solutions (continuous phase) were utilized as working systems. The main factors affecting the diameter of the inner bubble and the volume of the oil film are discussed. Through our method, the monodispersed gas-in-oil-in-water emulsions can be prepared in a simple and precise way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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60
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Wang Y, Tumarkin E, Velasco D, Abolhasani M, Lau W, Kumacheva E. Exploring a direct injection method for microfluidic generation of polymer microgels. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:2547-2553. [PMID: 23407698 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc41385c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics (MFs) offers a promising method for the preparation of polymer microgels with exquisite control over their dimensions, shapes and morphologies. A challenging task in this process is the generation of droplets (precursors for microgels) from highly viscous polymer solutions. Spatial separation of MF emulsification and gelation of the precursor droplets on chip can address this challenge. In the present work, we explored the application of the "direct injection" method for the preparation of microgels by adding a highly concentrated polymer solution or a gelling agent directly into the precursor droplets. In the first system, primary droplets were generated from a dilute aqueous solution of agarose, followed by the injection of the concentrated agarose solution directly in the primary droplets. The secondary droplets served as precursors for microgels. In the second system, primary droplets were generated from the low-viscous solution of methyl-β-cyclodextrin and poly(ethylene glycol) end-terminated with octadecyl hydrophobic groups. Addition of surfactant directly into the primary droplets led to the binding of methyl-β-cyclodextrin to the surfactant, thereby releasing hydrophobized poly(ethylene glycol) to form polymer microgels. Our results show that, when optimized, the direct injection method can be used for microgel preparation from highly viscous liquids and thus this method expands the range of polymers used for MF generation of microgels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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61
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Abolhasani M, Singh M, Kumacheva E, Günther A. Cruise control for segmented flow. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:4787-4795. [PMID: 22992756 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40513j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Capitalizing on the benefits of microscale segmented flows, e.g., enhanced mixing and reduced sample dispersion, so far requires specialist training and accommodating a few experimental inconveniences. For instance, microscale gas-liquid flows in many current setups take at least 10 min to stabilize and iterative manual adjustments are needed to achieve or maintain desired mixing or residence times. Here, we report a cruise control strategy that overcomes these limitations and allows microscale gas-liquid (bubble) and liquid-liquid (droplet) flow conditions to be rapidly "adjusted" and maintained. Using this strategy we consistently establish bubble and droplet flows with dispersed phase (plug) velocities of 5-300 mm s(-1), plug lengths of 0.6-5 mm and continuous phase (slug) lengths of 0.5-3 mm. The mixing times (1-5 s), mass transfer times (33-250 ms) and residence times (3-300 s) can therefore be directly imposed by dynamically controlling the supply of the dispersed and the continuous liquids either from external pumps or from local pressurized reservoirs. In the latter case, no chip-external pumps, liquid-perfused tubes or valves are necessary while unwanted dead volumes are significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Abolhasani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
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63
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Xu BY, Yang ZQ, Xu JJ, Xia XH, Chen HY. Liquid–gas dual phase microfluidic system for biocompatible CaCO3 hollow nanoparticles generation and simultaneous molecule doping. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:11635-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35986c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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