51
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Barnes JC, Frasconi M, Young RM, Khdary NH, Liu WG, Dyar SM, McGonigal PR, Gibbs-Hall IC, Diercks CS, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Goddard WA, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Solid-State Characterization and Photoinduced Intramolecular Electron Transfer in a Nanoconfined Octacationic Homo[2]Catenane. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:10569-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ja505093d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nezar H. Khdary
- National
Center for Nano Technology Research, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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52
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53
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Shigeno M, Kushida Y, Yamaguchi M. Heating/cooling stimulus induces three-state molecular switching of pseudoenantiomeric aminomethylenehelicene oligomers: reversible nonequilibrium thermodynamic processes. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:7972-80. [PMID: 24821116 DOI: 10.1021/ja502009f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A 1:1 mixture of pseudoenantiomeric aminomethylenehelicene (P)-tetramer and (M)-pentamer formed three states, namely, the heterodouble helices B and C and the random coil A. At high temperatures, A is the most stable. At low temperatures, C is the most stable, and the structural changes from A to the metastable state B to the product C occur, where B and C have pseudoenantiomeric helical structures. Heating then converts C to A. Essentially, all the molecules change their structure from A to B to C to A. Various nonequilibrium reversible thermodynamic responses appeared depending on thermal conditions: The metastable states A and B can be interconverted with thermal hysteresis without forming C in a far-from-equilibrium manner; three-state hysteresis occurs; states A and B can be frozen at low temperatures and defrosted by warming. An energy and population model for the three-state switching is given, involving inversion of thermodynamic stability and thermal hysteresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Shigeno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University , Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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54
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Bruns CJ, Frasconi M, Iehl J, Hartlieb KJ, Schneebeli ST, Cheng C, Stupp SI, Stoddart JF. Redox Switchable Daisy Chain Rotaxanes Driven by Radical–Radical Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:4714-23. [DOI: 10.1021/ja500675y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carson J. Bruns
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Julien Iehl
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Karel J. Hartlieb
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Severin T. Schneebeli
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chuyang Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Samuel I. Stupp
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering §Department of Medicine Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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55
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Fahrenbach AC, Bruns CJ, Li H, Trabolsi A, Coskun A, Stoddart JF. Ground-state kinetics of bistable redox-active donor-acceptor mechanically interlocked molecules. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:482-93. [PMID: 24341283 DOI: 10.1021/ar400161z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The ability to design and confer control over the kinetics of theprocesses involved in the mechanisms of artificial molecular machines is at the heart of the challenge to create ones that can carry out useful work on their environment, just as Nature is wont to do. As one of the more promising forerunners of prototypical artificial molecular machines, chemists have developed bistable redox-active donor-acceptor mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) over the past couple of decades. These bistable MIMs generally come in the form of [2]rotaxanes, molecular compounds that constitute a ring mechanically interlocked around a dumbbell-shaped component, or [2]catenanes, which are composed of two mechanically interlocked rings. As a result of their interlocked nature, bistable MIMs possess the inherent propensity to express controllable intramolecular, large-amplitude, and reversible motions in response to redox stimuli. In this Account, we rationalize the kinetic behavior in the ground state for a large assortment of these types of bistable MIMs, including both rotaxanes and catenanes. These structures have proven useful in a variety of applications ranging from drug delivery to molecular electronic devices. These bistable donor-acceptor MIMs can switch between two different isomeric states. The favored isomer, known as the ground-state co-conformation (GSCC) is in equilibrium with the less favored metastable state co-conformation (MSCC). The forward (kf) and backward (kb) rate constants associated with this ground-state equilibrium are intimately connected to each other through the ground-state distribution constant, KGS. Knowing the rate constants that govern the kinetics and bring about the equilibration between the MSCC and GSCC, allows researchers to understand the operation of these bistable MIMs in a device setting and apply them toward the construction of artificial molecular machines. The three biggest influences on the ground-state rate constants arise from (i) ground-state effects, the energy required to breakup the noncovalent bonding interactions that stabilize either the GSCC or MSCC, (ii) spacer effects, where the structures overcome additional barriers, either steric or electrostatic or both, en route from one co-conformation to the other, and (iii) the physical environment of the bistable MIMs. By managing all three of these effects, chemists can vary these rate constants over many orders of magnitude. We also discuss progress toward achieving mechanostereoselective motion, a key principle in the design and realization of artificial molecular machines capable of doing work at the molecular level, by the strategic implementation of free energy barriers to intramolecular motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert C. Fahrenbach
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Carson J. Bruns
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ali Trabolsi
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Coskun
- NanoCentury Institute and Graduate School of Energy, Environment, Water, and Sustainability (World Class University), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 373-1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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56
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Sambe L, Stoffelbach F, Poltorak K, Lyskawa J, Malfait A, Bria M, Cooke G, Woisel P. Elaboration of Thermoresponsive Supramolecular Diblock Copolymers in Water from Complementary CBPQT4+and TTF End-Functionalized Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 35:498-504. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Léna Sambe
- UMET (UMR8207); Université de Lille Nord de France, ENSCL; 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex France
| | - François Stoffelbach
- UMR 7610, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, UPMC Université; Paris 6 CNRS, 3, rue Galilée 94200 Ivry sur Seine France
| | - Katarzyna Poltorak
- UMR 7610, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, UPMC Université; Paris 6 CNRS, 3, rue Galilée 94200 Ivry sur Seine France
| | - Joël Lyskawa
- UMET (UMR8207); Université de Lille Nord de France, ENSCL; 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex France
| | - Aurélie Malfait
- UMET (UMR8207); Université de Lille Nord de France, ENSCL; 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex France
| | - Marc Bria
- UMET (UMR8207); Université de Lille Nord de France, ENSCL; 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex France
| | - Graeme Cooke
- Glasgow Centre for Physical Organic Chemistry, WestCHEM, School of Chemistry; University of Glasgow; Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Patrice Woisel
- UMET (UMR8207); Université de Lille Nord de France, ENSCL; 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex France
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57
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Li H, Cheng C, McGonigal PR, Fahrenbach AC, Frasconi M, Liu WG, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Ke C, Lei J, Young RM, Dyar SM, Co DT, Yang YW, Botros YY, Goddard WA, Wasielewski MR, Astumian RD, Stoddart JF. Relative Unidirectional Translation in an Artificial Molecular Assembly Fueled by Light. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:18609-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4094204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Albert C. Fahrenbach
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular
Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699
Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | | | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials and Process
Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | | | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School
of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular
Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699
Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Youssry Y. Botros
- National Center for Nano Technology Research, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Intel Labs, Building RNB-6-61, 2200 Mission College Boulevard, Santa Clara, California 95054, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials and Process
Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST Institute
and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science
and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong
Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | - R. Dean Astumian
- Department of Physics, The University of Maine, 5709 Bennett Hall, Orono, Maine 04469-5709, United States
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58
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Grunder S, McGrier PL, Whalley AC, Boyle MM, Stern C, Stoddart JF. A Water-Soluble pH-Triggered Molecular Switch. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17691-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja409006y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Grunder
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Psaras L. McGrier
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Adam C. Whalley
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Megan M. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Charlotte Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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59
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Usta H, Yilmaz MD, Avestro AJ, Boudinet D, Denti M, Zhao W, Stoddart JF, Facchetti A. BODIPY-thiophene copolymers as p-channel semiconductors for organic thin-film transistors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:4327-4334. [PMID: 23723092 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201300318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and physicochemical properties of a new class of BODIPY-based donor-acceptor π-conjugated polymers are presented. Solution-processed top-gate/bottom-contact (TG-BC) thin-film transistors on flexible plastic substrates exhibit air-stable p-channel activities with charge carrier mobilities as high as 0.17 cm(2) /V·s and current on/off ratios of 10(5) -10(6) , the highest reported to date for a BODIPY-based semiconductor. The results shown here indicate a significant charge-transport improvement (>10000×) in BODIPY-based polymeric semiconductors, demonstrating its potential in future organic optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Usta
- Polyera Corporation, 8045 Lamon Avenue #140, Skokie, IL 60077, USA.
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60
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Takai A, Yasuda T, Ishizuka T, Kojima T, Takeuchi M. A Directly Linked Ferrocene-Naphthalenediimide Conjugate: Precise Control of Stacking Structures of π-Systems by Redox Stimuli. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:9167-71. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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61
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Takai A, Yasuda T, Ishizuka T, Kojima T, Takeuchi M. A Directly Linked Ferrocene–Naphthalenediimide Conjugate: Precise Control of Stacking Structures of π‐Systems by Redox Stimuli. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201302587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuro Takai
- Organic Materials Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1‐2‐1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐0047 (Japan) http://www.nims.go.jp/macromol/english/
| | - Takeshi Yasuda
- Organic Thin‐Film Solar Cells Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1‐2‐1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐0047 (Japan)
| | - Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1‐1‐1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8571 (Japan)
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1‐1‐1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐8571 (Japan)
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- Organic Materials Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1‐2‐1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305‐0047 (Japan) http://www.nims.go.jp/macromol/english/
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62
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Buck AT, Paletta JT, Khindurangala SA, Beck CL, Winter AH. A Noncovalently Reversible Paramagnetic Switch in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:10594-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja403505z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Buck
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Joseph T. Paletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska
68588, United States
| | | | - Christie L. Beck
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Arthur H. Winter
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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63
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64
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Barin G, Frasconi M, Dyar SM, Iehl J, Buyukcakir O, Sarjeant AA, Carmieli R, Coskun A, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Redox-Controlled Selective Docking in a [2]Catenane Host. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2466-9. [PMID: 23350705 DOI: 10.1021/ja3125004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Barin
- Department
of Chemistry and
Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ali Coskun
- Department
of Chemistry and
Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry and
Graduate School of EEWS, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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65
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Bao X, Liu D, Jin Y, Liu X, Jiang W. Design and synthesis of a novel Rhodamine B [2]rotaxane. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40968f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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66
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Iordache A, Kannappan R, Métay E, Duclos MC, Pellet-Rostaing S, Lemaire M, Milet A, Saint-Aman E, Bucher C. Redox control of molecular motions in bipyridinium appended calixarenes. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4383-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40356d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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67
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Zigon N, Guenet A, Graf E, Hosseini MW. A platinum based organometallic turnstile. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:3637-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41040d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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68
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Li H, Zhu Z, Fahrenbach AC, Savoie BM, Ke C, Barnes JC, Lei J, Zhao YL, Lilley LM, Marks TJ, Ratner MA, Stoddart JF. Mechanical Bond-Induced Radical Stabilization. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 135:456-67. [DOI: 10.1021/ja310060n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Zhixue Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Albert C. Fahrenbach
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Brett M. Savoie
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Chenfeng Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Jonathan C. Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Juying Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Yan-Li Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Laura M. Lilley
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Mark A. Ratner
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
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