51
|
Zhang K, Lv L, Wang X, Mi Y, Chai R, Liu X, Shen G, Peng A, Huang H. Tellurophene-Based Random Copolymers for High Responsivity and Detectivity Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:1917-1924. [PMID: 29283552 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic photodetectors (OPDs) have attracted great attention because of their advantages including tunable response range, easy processability, and flexibility. Various conjugated polymers have been developed for high-performing OPDs. Herein, a series of tellurophene-based random copolymers containing two typical electron-withdrawing units naphthalene diimide (NDI) and perylene diimide (PDI) are designed and synthesized. Through varying the ratio of PDI/NDI moieties of the analogous polymers, the optophysical properties and film morphology, together with photodetector performances, are systematically tuned. It was demonstrated that the photodetectors based on the polymer with the molar ratio of PDI/NDI units of 70/30 possessed strong photoinduced absorption and favorable morphology via transient absorption spectra and atomic force microscopy studies. As a result, a high responsivity about 19.1 A/W at 600 nm and an excellent detectivity more than 1012 Jones ranging from 350 to 600 nm were successfully achieved, which are among the highest values for OPDs and comparable to inorganic counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Lv
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofen Wang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yang Mi
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ruiqing Chai
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guozhen Shen
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083, China
| | - Aidong Peng
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Wang S, Li X, Hou X, Sun Y, Shao X. Tritellurasumanene: ultrasound assisted one-pot synthesis and extended valence adducts with bromine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:14486-14489. [PMID: 27904895 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08170c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tritellurasumanene is synthesized from a triphenylene skeleton via ultrasound assisted one-pot reaction. This compound adopts a flat conjugated system and displays TeTe (3.83 Å) interactions in the solid state. Its optical properties and chemical reactivity are quite different from those of its trithia- and triselena-analogues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Xuexiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Xueqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Yantao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Tianshui Southern Road 222, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Xu L, Li G, Xu T, Zhang W, Zhang S, Yin S, An Z, He G. Chalcogen atom modulated persistent room-temperature phosphorescence through intramolecular electronic coupling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9226-9229. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc04734k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel persistent room-temperature phosphorescence (pRTP) materials (PEPCz) obtainedviaa combination of chalcogen atoms (O, S, Se, and Te) and a carbazolyl moiety is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letian Xu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an
- China
| | - Guoping Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an
- China
| | - Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi’an
- China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an
- China
| | - Sikun Zhang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an
- China
| | - Shiwei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi’an
- China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an
- China
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Shih FY, Tian S, Gallagher N, Park YS, Grubbs RB. ipso-Arylative polymerization as a route to π-conjugated polymers: synthesis of poly(3-hexylthiophene). Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00605a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed ipso-arylative polymerization of diphenylcarbinol-substituted thiophene derivatives proceeds to reasonably high molecular weights, but is limited by side reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yang Shih
- Department of Chemistry
- Stony Brook University
- Stony Brook
- USA
| | - Sisi Tian
- Department of Chemistry
- Stony Brook University
- Stony Brook
- USA
| | | | - Young S. Park
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials
- Brookhaven National Laboratory
- Upton
- USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
55
|
|
56
|
Marquardt C, Hegen O, Vogel A, Stauber A, Bodensteiner M, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Depolymerization of Poly(phosphinoboranes): From Polymers to Lewis Base Stabilized Monomers. Chemistry 2017; 24:360-363. [PMID: 29166549 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on depolymerization reactions of poly(phosphinoboranes). The cleavage of the polymers [H2 PBH2 ]n (2 a), [tBuHPBH2 ]n (2 c), [PhHPBH2 ]n (2 e) and the oligomer [Ph2 PBH2 ]n (2 b), with strong Lewis bases (LBs), in particular with NHCs, leads to the corresponding monomeric phosphanylboranes R1 R2 PBH2 LB. It is observed that the depolymerization depends on the strength and stability of the LBs as well as on the substitution pattern of the poly(phosphinoboranes). The solid state structures of the monomeric phosphinoboranes H2 PBH2 NHCMe (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) (4 a), H2 PBH2 NHCdipp (5 a) and tBuHPBH2 NHCMe (4 c) were determined. DFT calculations support the experimentally observed reaction behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Marquardt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hegen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ariane Vogel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Stauber
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Bodensteiner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Al-Rubaie AZ, Yosif MY, Asker KA. A new cyclic telluride. Synthesis and reactions of 1,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydronaphtho[2,3-c]tellurophene. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Z. Al-Rubaie
- Department of Chemistry; College of Science; University of Basrah; Basrah Iraq
| | - Majeed Y. Yosif
- Department of Chemistry; College of Science; University of Basrah; Basrah Iraq
| | - Kahtan A. Asker
- Department of Chemistry; College of Science; University of Basrah; Basrah Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Turner JR, Resendiz-Lara DA, Jurca T, Schäfer A, Vance JR, Beckett L, Whittell GR, Musgrave RA, Sparkes HA, Manners I. Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Poly(aryl)phosphinoboranes Formed via Iron-Catalyzed Dehydropolymerization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R. Turner
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | | | - Titel Jurca
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - André Schäfer
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - James R. Vance
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Laura Beckett
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - George R. Whittell
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Rebecca A. Musgrave
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Hazel A. Sparkes
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Yin X, Liu K, Ren Y, Lalancette RA, Loo YL, Jäkle F. Pyridalthiadiazole acceptor-functionalized triarylboranes with multi-responsive optoelectronic characteristics. Chem Sci 2017; 8:5497-5505. [PMID: 30155227 PMCID: PMC6103004 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03097a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A new class of Ar2B-π-A dyads and A-π-B(Ar)-π-A triads that feature strong organic acceptor moieties (A = pyridalthiadiazole, PT) attached to a central triarylborane were synthesized via Stille cross-coupling of ArB(Th-SnMe3)2 (Th = thiophenediyl, Ar = 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl (Mes*) or 2,4,6-tris(trifluoromethylphenyl) (FMes)) with one or two equivalents of dibromopyridalthiadiazole. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography data for the triad Mes*B(Th-PT-Br)2 indicate a highly coplanar conformation, which is ideal for extended π-conjugation and favors intermolecular π-stacking. Despite the presence of Br substituents, these compounds exhibit strong photoluminescence in THF solution with quantum yields reaching up to 52%. Further extension of conjugation by coupling with 2-hexylthiophene leads to additional bathochromic shifts to give a highly soluble and strongly red-emissive material. All these compounds undergo facile reduction, first of the PT substituents and then at more negative potentials for the borane moiety. Upon chemical reduction with in THF, an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) pathway from the reduced PT moieties to boron is enabled and this results in a change of the color to blue. Theoretical calculations reveal that, due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the PT moieties, not only the PT-centered LUMOs themselves but also the LUMO+1 or LUMO+2, which show contributions from the p orbital of boron, experience a significant decrease in energy; they are much lower in energy than those of typical conjugated triarylboranes. The relatively low energy of both the PT-centered LUMOs and boron-centered LUMO+1 or LUMO+2 opens up multiple pathways for reaction with highly nucleophilic fluoride anions. Evidence for very strong F- binding to boron is obtained in the case of the more sterically accessible FMes derivatives. Fluoride anion binding leads to an electron-rich borate moiety and as such generates an ICT pathway to the electron-deficient PT moieties; the direction of this ICT is opposite to that observed upon chemical reduction. For the Mes* derivatives, F- binding is hindered, resulting in competing reduction of the PT acceptors. Finally, the electron acceptor character of the hexylthiophene derivative is exploited in electron-only diodes that show an average electron mobility of 6.4 ± 1.6 × 10-5 cm2 V-1 s-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yin
- Department of Chemistry , Rutgers University - Newark , Newark , NJ 07102 , USA .
| | - Kanglei Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Rutgers University - Newark , Newark , NJ 07102 , USA .
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Chemistry , Rutgers University - Newark , Newark , NJ 07102 , USA . .,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , NJ 08544 , USA
| | - Roger A Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry , Rutgers University - Newark , Newark , NJ 07102 , USA .
| | - Yueh-Lin Loo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Princeton University , Princeton , NJ 08544 , USA.,Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment , Princeton University , Princeton , NJ 08544 , USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry , Rutgers University - Newark , Newark , NJ 07102 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Wu B, Melvina, Wu X, Lee Yeow EK, Yoshikai N. Versatile telluracycle synthesis via the sequential electrophilic telluration of C(sp 2)-Zn and C(sp 2)-H bonds. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4527-4532. [PMID: 28970880 PMCID: PMC5618338 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc01162h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein a new approach for the synthesis of tellurium-bridged aromatic compounds based on the sequential electrophilic telluration of C(sp2)-Zn and C(sp2)-H bonds with tellurium(iv) chlorides. A combination of transition metal-catalyzed (migratory) arylmetalation of alkynes and sequential telluration allows for the expedient construction of a library of functionalized benzo[b]tellurophenes. Furthermore, a variety of heteroarene-fused benzotellurophenes and other novel tellurium-embedded polycyclic aromatics can be readily synthesized from the corresponding 2-iodoheterobiaryls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore .
| | - Melvina
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore .
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore .
| | - Edwin Kok Lee Yeow
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore .
| | - Naohiko Yoshikai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry , School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore .
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
González DM, Raftopoulos KN, He G, Papadakis CM, Brown A, Rivard E, Müller-Buschbaum P. Bandgap-Tuning in Triple-Chalcogenophene Polymer Films by Thermal Annealing. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 38. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Moseguí González
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie; Physik-Department; Technische Universität München; James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Konstantinos N. Raftopoulos
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie; Physik-Department; Technische Universität München; James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Gang He
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie; Physik-Department; Technische Universität München; James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Alex Brown
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; 11227 Saskatchewan Drive Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien/Fachgebiet Physik Weicher Materie; Physik-Department; Technische Universität München; James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Okuma K, Yahata S, Nagahora N, Shioji K. Reaction of Acetophenone Hydrazones with TeCl4: Novel Formation of 2,5-Diaryltellurophenes and Benzotellurophenes. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.161102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
63
|
Lorenz T, Crumbach M, Eckert T, Lik A, Helten H. Poly(p
-phenyleniminoboran): ein Bor-Stickstoff-Analogon von Poly(p
-phenylenvinylen). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lorenz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Merian Crumbach
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Thomas Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Artur Lik
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Holger Helten
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Pagano JK, Erickson KA, Scott BL, Morris DE, Waterman R, Kiplinger JL. Synthesis and characterization of a new and electronically unusual uranium metallacyclocumulene, (C5Me5)2U(η4-1,2,3,4-PhC4Ph). J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
65
|
Lorenz T, Crumbach M, Eckert T, Lik A, Helten H. Poly(p
-phenylene iminoborane): A Boron-Nitrogen Analogue of Poly(p
-phenylene vinylene). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2780-2784. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lorenz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Merian Crumbach
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Thomas Eckert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 2 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Artur Lik
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; RWTH Aachen University; Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Braun CA, Zomerman D, de Aguiar I, Qi Y, Delgado WT, Ferguson MJ, McDonald R, de Souza GLC, He G, Brown A, Rivard E. Probing the nature of peripheral boryl groups within luminescent tellurophenes. Faraday Discuss 2017; 196:255-268. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00172f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this article our attempts to tune the color of luminescence within a new class of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active tellurophenes is reported along with computational details that include spin–orbit coupling effects so as to better understand the nature of emission in the phosphorescent tellurophene (B-Te-6-B). Despite not meeting some of the initial synthetic targets, the emission within a borylated tellurophene can be altered with the addition of an N-heterocyclic carbene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Derek Zomerman
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Inara de Aguiar
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
- Cuiabá
- Brazil
| | - Yanyu Qi
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- People's Republic of China
| | | | | | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada T6G 2G2
| | | | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- People's Republic of China
| | - Alex Brown
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada T6G 2G2
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Kaloni TP, Schreckenbach G, Freund MS. Band gap modulation in polythiophene and polypyrrole-based systems. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36554. [PMID: 27827393 PMCID: PMC5101528 DOI: 10.1038/srep36554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the structural and electronic properties of polythiophene and polyprrrole-based systems have been investigated using first-principles calculations both in periodic and oligomer forms. Of particular interest is the band gap modulation through substitutions and bilayer formation. Specifically, S has been substituted by Se and Te in polythiophene, leading to polyseleophene and polytellurophene, respectively, and N has been substituted by P and As in polypyrrole. The values obtained of the binding energy suggest that all the systems studied can be realized experimentally. Stacking (bilayer formation) of pure polythiophene, polypyrrole and their derivatives leads to linear suppression of the band gap or HOMO-LUMO gap as a function of the stacking. Mixed bilayers, including one formed from polythiophene on top of polypyrrole, have also been considered. Overall, a wide range of band gaps can be achieved through substitutions and stacking. Hybrid (B3LYP) calculations also suggest the same trend in the band gap as PBE calculations. Trends in the binding energy are similar for both periodic and molecular calculations. In addition, Γ-point phonon calculations were performed in order to check the stability of selected systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaneshwor P. Kaloni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Georg Schreckenbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Michael S. Freund
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6975, USA
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Kayser LV, Vollmer M, Welnhofer M, Krikcziokat H, Meerholz K, Arndtsen BA. Metal-Free, Multicomponent Synthesis of Pyrrole-Based π-Conjugated Polymers from Imines, Acid Chlorides, and Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10516-21. [PMID: 27471822 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent coupling reactions (MCRs) are becoming increasingly used in the synthesis of macromolecules, as they can allow the rapid generation of libraries of materials as a method to tune properties. MCRs could prove particularly useful in the synthesis of π-conjugated polymers in which structural changes are necessary for fine-tuning of electronic properties. We describe here the first metal-free multicomponent approach to conjugated polymers. This reaction exploits the coupling of imines, acid chlorides, and (catechyl)PPh to generate phospha-münchnone-containing polymers, which can be converted to poly(pyrroles) via cycloaddition. The platform allows for the efficient synthesis of families of high molecular weight polymers in one step from readily available monomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laure V Kayser
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Moritz Vollmer
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne , Luxemburgerstrasse 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Merve Welnhofer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne , Luxemburgerstrasse 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hanna Krikcziokat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne , Luxemburgerstrasse 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Klaus Meerholz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne , Luxemburgerstrasse 116, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Bruce A Arndtsen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Li PF, Carrera EI, Seferos DS. Synthesis of Diphenylchalcogenophene Diboronic Acid Bis(pinacol) Esters and Halogen Photoelimination from Tellurium by Triplet-Triplet Annihilation. Chempluschem 2016; 81:917-921. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Elisa I. Carrera
- Department of Chemistry; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Dwight S. Seferos
- Department of Chemistry; University of Toronto; 80 St. George Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Shynkaruk O, Qi Y, Cottrell-Callbeck A, Torres Delgado W, McDonald R, Ferguson MJ, He G, Rivard E. Modular Synthesis of Diarylalkynes and Their Efficient Conversion into Luminescent Tetraarylbutadienes. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olena Shynkaruk
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Yanyu Qi
- Frontier
Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiden Cottrell-Callbeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - William Torres Delgado
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Gang He
- Frontier
Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Torres Delgado W, Shahin F, Ferguson MJ, McDonald R, He G, Rivard E. Selective Placement of Bromide and Pinacolboronate Groups about a Tellurophene: New Building Blocks for Optoelectronic Applications. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- William Torres Delgado
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Fatemeh Shahin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| | - Gang He
- Center
for Materials Chemistry, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, People’s Republic of China
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G2
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Stauber A, Jurca T, Marquardt C, Fleischmann M, Seidl M, Whittell GR, Manners I, Scheer M. A Convenient Route to Monoalkyl‐Substituted Phosphanylboranes (HRP–BH2–NMe3): Prospective Precursors to Poly[(alkylphosphino)boranes]. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Stauber
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Titel Jurca
- School of ChemistryBristol UniversityCantock's CloseBS8 1TSBristolUK
| | - Christian Marquardt
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Martin Fleischmann
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | - Michael Seidl
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| | | | - Ian Manners
- School of ChemistryBristol UniversityCantock's CloseBS8 1TSBristolUK
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of Regensburg93040RegensburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Ye S, Steube M, Carrera EI, Seferos DS. What Limits the Molecular Weight and Controlled Synthesis of Poly(3-alkyltellurophene)s? Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Ye
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Marvin Steube
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, 10-14 Duesbergweg, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Elisa I. Carrera
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dwight S. Seferos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Al-Hashimi M, Han Y, Smith J, Bazzi HS, Alqaradawi SYA, Watkins SE, Anthopoulos TD, Heeney M. Influence of the heteroatom on the optoelectronic properties and transistor performance of soluble thiophene-, selenophene- and tellurophene-vinylene copolymers. Chem Sci 2016; 7:1093-1099. [PMID: 29896373 PMCID: PMC5954972 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03501e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first soluble poly(3-dodecyl tellurophenylene-vinylene) polymer (P3TeV) by Stille copolymerization and compare its properties to the analogous thiophene and selenophene containing polymers. The optical band gap of the polymers is shown to systematically decrease as the size of the heteroatom is increased, mainly as a result of a stabilization of the LUMO energy, resulting in a small band gap of 1.4 eV for P3TeV. Field effect transistors measurements in variety of architectures demonstrate that the selenophene polymer exhibits the highest mobility, highlighting that increasing the size of the heteroatom is not always beneficial for charge transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Hashimi
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
- Dept. Chemistry , Texas A&M University at Qatar , P.O. Box 23874 , Doha , Qatar .
| | - Yang Han
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
- Dept. Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK
| | - Jeremy Smith
- Dept. Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK
| | - Hassan S Bazzi
- Dept. Chemistry , Texas A&M University at Qatar , P.O. Box 23874 , Doha , Qatar .
| | | | - Scott E Watkins
- CSIRO , Molecular and Health Technologies , VIC 3169 , Australia
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- Dept. Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK
| | - Martin Heeney
- Dept. Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics , Imperial College London , Exhibition Rd , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Xie W, Chang S. [Cu(NHC)]-Catalyzed C−H Allylation and Alkenylation of both Electron-Deficient and Electron-Rich (Hetero)arenes with Allyl Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Xie
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Daejeon 305-701 Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Daejeon 305-701 Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Xie W, Chang S. [Cu(NHC)]-Catalyzed C−H Allylation and Alkenylation of both Electron-Deficient and Electron-Rich (Hetero)arenes with Allyl Halides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1876-80. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Xie
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Daejeon 305-701 Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations; Institute for Basic Science (IBS); Daejeon 305-701 Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon 305-701 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Shynkaruk O, He G, McDonald R, Ferguson MJ, Rivard E. Modular Synthesis of Spirocyclic Germafluorene-Germoles: A New Family of Tunable Luminogens. Chemistry 2015; 22:248-57. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
78
|
Baggett AW, Guo F, Li B, Liu SY, Jäkle F. Regioregular synthesis of azaborine oligomers and a polymer with a syn conformation stabilized by N-H⋅⋅⋅π interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:11191-5. [PMID: 26352030 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The regioregular synthesis of the first azaborine oligomers and a corresponding conjugated polymer was accomplished by Suzuki-Miyaura coupling methods. An almost perfectly coplanar syn arrangement of the heterocycles was deduced from an X-ray crystal structure of the dimer, which also suggested that NH⋅⋅⋅π interactions play an important role. Computational studies further supported these experimental observations and indicated that the electronic structure of the longer azaborine oligomers and polymer resembles that of poly(cyclohexadiene) more than poly(p-phenylene). A comparison of the absorption and emission properties of the polymer with those of the oligomers revealed dramatic bathochromic shifts upon chain elongation, thus suggesting highly effective extension of conjugation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Baggett
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 (USA)
| | - Fang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, NJ 07102 (USA)
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 (USA)
| | - Shih-Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 (USA).
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, Newark, NJ 07102 (USA).
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Marquardt C, Jurca T, Schwan KC, Stauber A, Virovets AV, Whittell GR, Manners I, Scheer M. Metal-Free Addition/Head-to-Tail Polymerization of Transient Phosphinoboranes, RPH-BH2: A Route to Poly(alkylphosphinoboranes). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13782-6. [PMID: 26427911 PMCID: PMC4648028 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Mild thermolysis of Lewis base stabilized phosphinoborane monomers R(1)R(2)P-BH2⋅NMe3 (R(1),R(2)=H, Ph, or tBu/H) at room temperature to 100 °C provides a convenient new route to oligo- and polyphosphinoboranes [R(1)R(2)P-BH2]n. The polymerization appears to proceed via the addition/head-to-tail polymerization of short-lived free phosphinoborane monomers, R(1)R(2)P-BH2. This method offers access to high molar mass materials, as exemplified by poly(tert-butylphosphinoborane), that are currently inaccessible using other routes (e.g. catalytic dehydrocoupling).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Marquardt
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie93040 Regensburg (Germany) E-mail:
| | - Titel Jurca
- School of Chemistry, Bristol UniversityCantock's Close, BS8 1TS, Bristol (UK) E-mail:
| | - Karl-Christian Schwan
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie93040 Regensburg (Germany) E-mail:
| | - Andreas Stauber
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie93040 Regensburg (Germany) E-mail:
| | - Alexander V Virovets
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie93040 Regensburg (Germany) E-mail:
| | - George R Whittell
- School of Chemistry, Bristol UniversityCantock's Close, BS8 1TS, Bristol (UK) E-mail:
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, Bristol UniversityCantock's Close, BS8 1TS, Bristol (UK) E-mail:
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Universität Regensburg, Institut für Anorganische Chemie93040 Regensburg (Germany) E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Abstract
A survey of the state-of-the-art in the development of synthetic methods to incorporate p-block elements into polymers is given. The incorporation of main group elements (groups 13-16) into long chains provides access to materials with fascinating chemical and physical properties imparted by the presence of inorganic groups. Perhaps the greatest impedance to the widespread academic and commercial use of p-block element-containing macromolecules is the synthetic challenge associated with linking inorganic elements into long chains. In recent years, creative methodologies have been developed to incorporate heteroatoms into polymeric structures, with perhaps the greatest advances occurring with hybrid organic-inorganic polymers composed of boron, silicon, phosphorus and sulfur. With these developments, materials are currently being realized that possess exciting chemical, photophysical and thermal properties that are not possible for conventional organic polymers. This review focuses on highlighting the most significant recent advances whilst giving an appropriate background for the general reader. Of particular focus will be advances made over the last two decades, with emphasis on the novel synthetic methodologies employed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Priegert
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouer, British Columbia, CanadaV6T 1Z1.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
81
|
Marquardt C, Jurca T, Schwan KC, Stauber A, Virovets AV, Whittell GR, Manners I, Scheer M. Metallfreie Additions-/Kopf-Schwanz-Polymerisation von intermediär gebildeten Phosphanylboranen, RPH-BH2: ein Weg zu Poly(alkylphosphanylboranen). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
82
|
Baggett AW, Guo F, Li B, Liu SY, Jäkle F. Regioregular Synthesis of Azaborine Oligomers and a Polymer with asyn Conformation Stabilized by NH⋅⋅⋅π Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
83
|
Li PF, Schon TB, Seferos DS. Thiophene, Selenophene, and Tellurophene-based Three-Dimensional Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9361-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
84
|
Thiophene, Selenophene, and Tellurophene-based Three-Dimensional Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
85
|
Leitch DC, Kayser LV, Han ZY, Siamaki AR, Keyzer EN, Gefen A, Arndtsen BA. A palladium-catalysed multicomponent coupling approach to conjugated poly(1,3-dipoles) and polyheterocycles. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7411. [PMID: 26077769 PMCID: PMC4490558 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated polymers have emerged over the past several decades as key components for a range of applications, including semiconductors, molecular wires, sensors, light switchable transistors and OLEDs. Nevertheless, the construction of many such polymers, especially highly substituted variants, typically involves a multistep synthesis. This can limit the ability to both access and tune polymer structures for desired properties. Here we show an alternative approach to synthesize conjugated materials: a metal-catalysed multicomponent polymerization. This reaction assembles multiple monomer units into a new polymer containing reactive 1,3-dipoles, which can be modified using cycloaddition reactions. In addition to the synthetic ease of this approach, its modularity allows easy adaptation to incorporate a range of desired substituents, all via one-pot reactions. The requirement for multistep synthesis can render the fabrication of highly substituted polymers particularly troublesome. Here, the authors take advantage of metal-catalysed multicomponent polymerization to synthesize a large family of such materials with ease from single-pot reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Leitch
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0K8
| | - Laure V Kayser
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0K8
| | - Zhi-Yong Han
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0K8
| | - Ali R Siamaki
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0K8
| | - Evan N Keyzer
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0K8
| | - Ashley Gefen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0K8
| | - Bruce A Arndtsen
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0K8
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Wang Y, Masunaga H, Hikima T, Matsumoto H, Mori T, Michinobu T. New Semiconducting Polymers Based on Benzobisthiadiazole Analogues: Tuning of Charge Polarity in Thin Film Transistors via Heteroatom Substitution. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department
of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama,
Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Masunaga
- Japan Synchrotron
Radiation Research Institute (JASRI)/SPring-8, 1-1-1
Kouto, Sayo, Sayo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Takaaki Hikima
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto,
Sayo, Sayo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Matsumoto
- Department
of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama,
Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Takehiko Mori
- Department
of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama,
Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Michinobu
- Department
of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama,
Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Rivard E. Tellurophenes and Their Emergence as Building Blocks for Polymeric and Light-emitting Materials. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Aprile A, Iversen KJ, Wilson DJD, Dutton JL. Te(II)/Te(IV) Mediated C–N Bond Formation on 2,5-Diphenyltellurophene and a Reassignment of the Product from the Reaction of PhI(OAc)2 with 2 TMS-OTf. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:4934-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Aprile
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3086
| | - Kalon J. Iversen
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3086
| | - David J. D. Wilson
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3086
| | - Jason L. Dutton
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3086
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
He X, Cao B, Hauger TC, Kang M, Gusarov S, Luber EJ, Buriak JM. Donor-acceptor small molecules for organic photovoltaics: single-atom substitution (Se or S). ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:8188-99. [PMID: 25808481 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Two isostructural low-band-gap small molecules that contain a one-atom substitution, S for Se, were designed and synthesized. The molecule 7,7'-[4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene]bis[6-fluoro-4-(5'-hexyl-2,2'-bithiophen-5-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole] (1) and its selenium analogue 7,7'-[4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene]bis[6-fluoro-4-(5'-hexyl-2,2'-bithiophen-5-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]selenodiazole] (2) are both based on the electron-rich central unit benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of one-atom substitution on the optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance of devices. Theoretical calculations revealed that this one-atom variation has a small but measurable effect on the energy of frontier molecular orbital (HOMO and LUMO), which, in turn, can affect the absorption profile of the molecules, both neat and when mixed in a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) with PC71BM. The Se-containing variant 2 led to higher efficiencies [highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.6%] in a standard organic photovoltaic architecture, when combined with PC71BM after a brief thermal annealing, than the S-containing molecule 1 (highest PCE of 1.0%). Studies of the resulting morphologies of BHJs based on 1 and 2 showed that one-atom substitution could engender important differences in the solubilities, which then influenced the crystal orientations of the small molecules within this thin layer. Brief thermal annealing resulted in rotation of the crystalline grains of both molecules to more energetically favorable configurations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming He
- †National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Bing Cao
- †National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Tate C Hauger
- †National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Minkyu Kang
- †National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Sergey Gusarov
- †National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - Erik J Luber
- †National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Jillian M Buriak
- †National Institute for Nanotechnology, National Research Council, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
- ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Yan X, Xi C. Conversion of zirconacyclopentadienes into metalloles: Fagan-Nugent reaction and beyond. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:935-46. [PMID: 25831225 DOI: 10.1021/ar500429f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metalloles are derivatives of cyclopentadiene in which the methylene unit is replaced by a heteroatom, such as S, Se, Te, N, P, As, Sb, Bi, Si, Ge, Sn, B, Al, Ga, and so on. Many metallole derivatives have been widely used as photovoltaic cells, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), chemical sensors, electrochromic devices, microelectronic actuators, and organic field effect transistors (OFETs). In the meantime, many of them showed promising biological actives. Due to the similarity to cyclopentadiene, the anionic forms of metalloles were also widely explored in coordination chemistry. As a result, development of a general method for the formation of metalloles from available starting materials is highly desired. In this Account, we outline formation of various p-block element metalloles from zirconacyclopentadienes. The zirconacyclopentadienes can be easily prepared from two molecules of alkynes and a low-valent zirconocene species "Cp2Zr(II)" (Cp = cyclopentadienyl). Fagan and Nugent first reported the formation of main group metalloles from zirconacyclopentadiene, which provided a versatile approach for the construction of metalloles, especially for the formation of metalloles in heavier p-block elements. To further expand the substrate scope, a number of stepwise conversions were developed, which involve 1,4-dimetallo- or dihalo-1,3-butadiene as intermediates from zirconacyclopentadienes. Here, four processes are classified based on direct and indirect conversion of zirconacyclopentadienes into metalloles. Direct reaction of zirconacyclopentadienes with element halides afforded heterocycles of main group elements, which provided a versatile method for the synthesis of metalloles. Nonetheless, the reaction scope was restricted to heavier p-block elements such as S, Se, P, As, Sb, Bi, Ge, Sn, Ga, and In. And these reactions usually suffered low yields and long reaction time. Transmetalation of zirconacyclopentadiene with copper chloride greatly enriched the zirconacyclopentadiene chemistry. The synthesis of stannoles and pyrroles from zirconacyclopentadienes has been developed in the presence of CuCl. The direct reaction of the zirconacyclopentadienes with SiCl4 or R2SiCl2 does not give the desired silacyclopendadiene derivatives, even in the presence of CuCl. It can be circumvented by using dilithiated dienes from diiododienes, which are easily prepared by the iodination of zirconacyclopentadienes using CuCl as an additive. Finally, an umpolung strategy, reaction of electrophilic 1,4-diiodo-1,3-butadiene with nucleophilic amine or sulfide reagents, was successfully used in the formation of pyrroles and thiophenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chanjuan Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Shaw AJM, Corbo R, Wilson DJD, Dutton JL. A 2,2′-bipyridine coordination complex of [ICl2]+. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:15083-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03549f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A straightforward synthesis of a new type of iodine(iii) complex is presented – anN′Nchelated [ICl2]+cation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. M. Shaw
- Department of Chemistry
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science
- La Trobe University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Robert Corbo
- Department of Chemistry
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science
- La Trobe University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - David J. D. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science
- La Trobe University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Jason L. Dutton
- Department of Chemistry
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science
- La Trobe University
- Melbourne
- Australia
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
He G, Wiltshire BD, Choi P, Savin A, Sun S, Mohammadpour A, Ferguson MJ, McDonald R, Farsinezhad S, Brown A, Shankar K, Rivard E. Phosphorescence within benzotellurophenes and color tunable tellurophenes under ambient conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:5444-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06529h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The zirconium-mediated syntheses of pinacolboronate (BPin) appended benzo[b]tellurophenes and two phenyl/BPin substituted tellurophene isomers with different colors of emission have been achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang He
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Benjamin D. Wiltshire
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Paul Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | | | - Shuai Sun
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Arash Mohammadpour
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | | | | | - Samira Farsinezhad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Alex Brown
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Karthik Shankar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Tsao FA, Lough AJ, Stephan DW. Intramolecular 1,1-carboboration versus intermolecular FLP addition in reactions of boranes and bis(phenylethynyl)telluroether. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:4287-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09258a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of boranes with Te(CCPh)2 proceed via initial intermolecular 1,1-carboboration followed by either an intramolecular carboboration or an FLP addition to a second molecule, yielding 1-bora-4-tellurocyclohexa-2,5-diene heterocycles or tricylic derivatives of 1,4-ditellurocyclohexa-2,5-diene, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry
- Toronto
- Canada
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Carrera EI, Seferos DS. Semiconducting Polymers Containing Tellurium: Perspectives Toward Obtaining High-Performance Materials. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502307b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa I. Carrera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George
Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Dwight S. Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George
Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Islam MA, Purkait TK, Veinot JGC. Chloride Surface Terminated Silicon Nanocrystal Mediated Synthesis of Poly(3-hexylthiophene). J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:15130-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5075739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amirul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan
Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Tapas K. Purkait
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan
Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Jonathan G. C. Veinot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan
Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Planells M, Schroeder BC, McCulloch I. Effect of Chalcogen Atom Substitution on the Optoelectronic Properties in Cyclopentadithiophene Polymers. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5014308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Planells
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Bob C. Schroeder
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Bedi A, Debnath S, Chandak HS, Zade SS. Phenyl-capped cyclopenta[c]chalcogenophenes: synthesis, crystal structures, electrochemistry and theoretical insights. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05687f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
|
98
|
Yin X, Chen J, Lalancette RA, Marder TB, Jäkle F. Highly Electron-Deficient and Air-Stable Conjugated Thienylboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
99
|
Yin X, Chen J, Lalancette RA, Marder TB, Jäkle F. Highly electron-deficient and air-stable conjugated thienylboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9761-5. [PMID: 25044554 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Introduced herein is a series of conjugated thienylboranes, which are inert to air and moisture, and even resist acids and strong bases. X-ray analyses reveal a coplanar arrangement of the thiophene rings, an arrangement which facilitates p-π conjugation through the boron atoms despite the presence of highly bulky 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl (Mes*) or 2,4,6-tris(trifluoromethyl)phenyl ((F)Mes) groups. Short B⋅⋅⋅F contacts, which lead to a pseudotrigonal bipyramidal geometry in the (F)Mes species, have been further studied by DFT and AIM analysis. In contrast to the Mes* groups, the highly electron-withdrawing (F) Mes groups do not diminish the Lewis acidity of boron toward F(-) anions. These compounds can be lithiated or iodinated under electrophilic conditions without decomposition, thus offering a promising route to larger conjugated structures with electron-acceptor character.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University - Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102 (USA) http://chemistry.rutgers.edu/fjaekle
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
100
|
Majumdar M, Bejan I, Huch V, White AJP, Whittell GR, Schäfer A, Manners I, Scheschkewitz D. σ-π conjugated organosilicon hybrid polymers from copolymerization of a tetrasiladiene and 1,4-diethynylbenzene. Chemistry 2014; 20:9225-9. [PMID: 24961670 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A catalyst- and by-product-free protocol for the synthesis of σ-π conjugated organosilicon polymers is reported. The regiospecific [2+2] cycloaddition of C≡C triple bonds to Si=Si double bonds allowed the preparation of air-stable ethynyl-terminated extended monomers from 1,4-bis(ethynyl)benzene and the para-phenylene bridged tetrasiladiene, Tip2 Si=SiTip-pC6H4-SiTip=SiTip2 (Tip = 2,4,6-iPr3C6H2). The polymer obtained from the extended monomer and further tetrasiladiene exhibits pronounced σ-π conjugation, as was evident from the red-shift in the absorption spectrum compared to model systems. We show that the thermal stability of the employed bis(alkyne) co-monomer is translated into this polymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Majumdar
- Krupp-Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66125 Saarbrücken (Germany), Fax: (+49) 681302-71642
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|