51
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Tang Y, Liu L, Wu J, Duan J. Synthesis and self-assembly of thermo/pH-responsive double hydrophilic brush–coil copolymer with poly(l-glutamic acid) side chains. J Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 397:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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52
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Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Well-Defined Block Copolypeptides via Controlled NCA Polymerization. HIERARCHICAL MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES: 60 YEARS AFTER THE STAUDINGER NOBEL PRIZE II 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2013_234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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53
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Yen J, Zhang Y, Gabrielson NP, Yin L, Guan L, Chaudhury I, Lu H, Wang F, Cheng J. Cationic, helical polypeptide-based gene delivery for IMR-90 fibroblasts and human embryonic stem cells. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:719-727. [PMID: 23997932 DOI: 10.1039/c3bm00006k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diblock copolymers consisting of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(γ-4-(((2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)methyl)benzyl-L-glutamate) (PEG-b-PVBLG-8) were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to mediate gene delivery in hard-to-transfect cells like IMR-90 human fetal lung fibroblasts and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). The PEG-b-PVBLG-8 contained a membrane-disruptive, cationic, helical polypeptide block (PVBLG-8) for complexing with DNA and a hydrophilic PEG block to improve the biocompatibility of the gene delivery vehicle. The incorporation of PEG effectively reduced the toxicity of the helical PVBLG-8 block without dramatically compromising the polymer's ability to destabilize membranes or form complexes with DNA. PEG-b-PVBLG-8 copolymers with low (n = 76) and high (n = 287) degrees of polymerization (n) of the PVBLG-8 block were synthesized and evaluated for gene delivery. PEG-b-PVBLG-8 diblock polymers with a high degree of polymerization have a greater transfection efficiency and lower toxicity in IMR-90 cells than the commercial reagent Lipofectamine 2000. The usefulness of PEG-b-PVBLG-8 was further demonstrated via the successful transfection of hESCs without a measured loss in cell pluripotency markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Yen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
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54
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Huang J, Heise A. Stimuli responsive synthetic polypeptides derived from N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) polymerisation. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:7373-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60063g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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55
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Rhodes AJ, Deming TJ. Tandem catalysis for the preparation of cylindrical polypeptide brushes. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:19463-7. [PMID: 23134537 DOI: 10.1021/ja308620h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report a method for synthesis of cylindrical copolypeptide brushes via N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) polymerization utilizing a new tandem catalysis approach that allows preparation of brushes with controlled segment lengths in a straightforward, one-pot procedure requiring no intermediate isolation or purification steps. To obtain high-density brush copolypeptides, we used a "grafting from" approach where alloc-α-aminoamide groups were installed onto the side chains of NCAs to serve as masked initiators. These groups were inert during cobalt-initiated NCA polymerization and gave allyloxycarbonyl-α-aminoamide-substituted polypeptide main chains. The alloc-α-aminoamide groups were then activated in situ using nickel to generate initiators for growth of side-chain brush segments. This use of stepwise tandem cobalt and nickel catalysis was found to be an efficient method for preparation of high-chain-density, cylindrical copolypeptide brushes, where both the main chains and side chains can be prepared with controlled segment lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison J Rhodes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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56
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Li W, Zhang X, Wang J, Qiao X, Liu K, Zhang A. Peptidic molecular brushes with enhanced chirality. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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57
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Zeng X, Li J, Zheng J, Pan Y, Wang J, Zhang L, He X, Liu D. Amphiphilic cylindrical copolypeptide brushes as potential nanocarriers for the simultaneous encapsulation of hydrophobic and cationic drugs. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 94:324-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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58
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Ling J, Peng H, Shen Z. Deprotonation reaction of α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydride at 4-CH position by yttrium tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)amide]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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59
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Peng H, Ling J, Zhu Y, You L, Shen Z. Polymerization of α-amino acid N
-carboxyanhydrides catalyzed by rare earth tris(borohydride) complexes: Mechanism and hydroxy-endcapped polypeptides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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60
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One-pot, facile synthesis of well-defined molecular brush copolymers by a tandem RAFT and ROMP, “Grafting-through” strategy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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61
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Fu W, He C, Li Z. Synthesis of ladder-like polynorbornenes with n-type perylenendiimide derivatives as bridges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.25899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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62
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63
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Sulistio A, Blencowe A, Widjaya A, Zhang X, Qiao G. Development of functional amino acid-based star polymers. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00436k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various arm and core functionalized amino acid-based star polymer are prepared. Furthermore, a detailed investigation of reaction parameters affecting star formation is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Sulistio
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Melbourne
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Anton Blencowe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Melbourne
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Adrian Widjaya
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Melbourne
- Melbourne
- Australia
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- CSIRO Material Science and Engineering
- Clayton South
- Australia
| | - Greg Qiao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- University of Melbourne
- Melbourne
- Australia
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64
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Liu Y, Chen P, Li Z. Molecular Bottlebrushes with Polypeptide Backbone Prepared via Ring-Opening Polymerization of NCA and ATRP. Macromol Rapid Commun 2011; 33:287-95. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 10/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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65
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Wang J, Lu H, Ren Y, Zhang Y, Morton M, Cheng J, Lin Y. Interrupted Helical Structure of Grafted Polypeptides in Brush-Like Macromolecules. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201833b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yuan Ren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Martha Morton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yao Lin
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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66
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Zhang Y, Lu H, Lin Y, Cheng J. Water-Soluble Polypeptides with Elongated, Charged Side Chains Adopt Ultra-Stable Helical Conformations. Macromolecules 2011; 44:6641-6644. [PMID: 22049249 PMCID: PMC3204311 DOI: 10.1021/ma201678r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble polypeptides adopting α-helical conformations with unprecedented high helicities were obtained by elongating the charge-containing side chains of the constituent amino acids to allow the terminal charges to be situated distally from the peptide backbone. Poly(γ-(4-aminoethylthiopropoxyl)-benzyl-(L)-glutamate) (PAOBLG-AET) with a charge-peptide backbone distance of 17 σ-bonds exhibited a remarkably high helical content (81%) at a degree of polymerization as low as 10. The helical conformations of these short polypeptides were very stable against various harsh, protein-denaturing conditions, such as extreme pH, high temperature, and high salt or urea concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yao Lin
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science & Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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67
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Fetsch C, Grossmann A, Holz L, Nawroth JF, Luxenhofer R. Polypeptoids from N-Substituted Glycine N-Carboxyanhydrides: Hydrophilic, Hydrophobic, and Amphiphilic Polymers with Poisson Distribution. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma201015y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Fetsch
- Professur für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Arlett Grossmann
- Professur für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lisa Holz
- Professur für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jonas F. Nawroth
- Professur für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Luxenhofer
- Professur für Makromolekulare Chemie, Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 19, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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68
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Wang J, Lu H, Kamat R, Pingali SV, Urban VS, Cheng J, Lin Y. Supramolecular polymerization from polypeptide-grafted comb polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:12906-9. [PMID: 21761879 DOI: 10.1021/ja202268t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The helical and tubular structures self-assembled from proteins have inspired scientists to design synthetic building blocks that can be "polymerized" into supramolecular polymers through coordinated noncovalent interactions. However, cooperative supramolecular polymerization from large, synthetic macromolecules remains a challenge because of the difficulty of controlling the structure and interactions of macromolecular monomers. Herein we report the synthesis of polypeptide-grafted comb polymers and the use of their tunable secondary interactions in solution to achieve controlled supramolecular polymerization. The resulting tubular supramolecular structures, with external diameters of hundreds of nanometers and lengths of tens of micrometers, are stable and resemble to some extent biological superstructures assembled from proteins. This study shows that highly specific intermolecular interactions between macromolecular monomers can enable the cooperative growth of supramolecular polymers. The general applicability of this strategy was demonstrated by carrying out supramolecular polymerization from gold nanoparticles grafted with the same polypeptides on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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69
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Jing R, Lin W, Wang G, Huang J. Copper(0)-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of ABC triblock copolymers via the combination of single electron transfer nitroxide radical coupling reaction and “click” chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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70
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Zou J, Jafr G, Themistou E, Yap Y, Wintrob ZAP, Alexandridis P, Ceacareanu AC, Cheng C. pH-Sensitive brush polymer-drug conjugates by ring-opening metathesis copolymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:4493-5. [PMID: 21399797 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc05531j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Representing a new category of polymer-drug conjugates, brush polymer-drug conjugates were prepared by ring-opening metathesis copolymerization. Following judicious structural design, these conjugates exhibited well-shielded drug moieties, significant water solubility, well-defined nanostructures, and acid-triggered drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Zou
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
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71
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Tang H, Li Y, Lahasky SH, Sheiko SS, Zhang D. Core−Shell Molecular Bottlebrushes with Helical Polypeptide Backbone: Synthesis, Characterization, and Solution Conformations. Macromolecules 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ma1025994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Yuanchao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Samuel H. Lahasky
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Sergei S. Sheiko
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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72
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Ionic polypeptides with unusual helical stability. Nat Commun 2011; 2:206. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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73
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Cai C, Wang L, Lin J. Self-assembly of polypeptide-based copolymers into diverse aggregates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:11189-203. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc12683k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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74
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon–transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2009. Coord Chem Rev 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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75
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Barz M, Luxenhofer R, Zentel R, Vicent MJ. Overcoming the PEG-addiction: well-defined alternatives to PEG, from structure–property relationships to better defined therapeutics. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00406e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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76
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Bai Y, Lu H, Ponnusamy E, Cheng J. Synthesis of hybrid block copolymers via integrated ring-opening metathesis polymerization and polymerization of NCA. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:10830-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc13531g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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77
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Cheng J, Deming TJ. Synthesis of polypeptides by ring-opening polymerization of α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 310:1-26. [PMID: 21647839 DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This chapter summarizes methods for the synthesis of polypeptides by ring-opening polymerization. Traditional and recently improved methods used to polymerize α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) for the synthesis of homopolypeptides are described. Use of these methods and strategies for the preparation of block copolypeptides and side-chain-functionalized polypeptides are also presented, as well as an analysis of the synthetic scope of different approaches. Finally, issues relating to obtaining highly functional polypeptides in pure form are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
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78
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Johnson JA, Lu YY, Burts AO, Lim YH, Finn MG, Koberstein JT, Turro NJ, Tirrell DA, Grubbs RH. Core-clickable PEG-branch-azide bivalent-bottle-brush polymers by ROMP: grafting-through and clicking-to. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 133:559-66. [PMID: 21142161 DOI: 10.1021/ja108441d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The combination of highly efficient polymerizations with modular "click" coupling reactions has enabled the synthesis of a wide variety of novel nanoscopic structures. Here we demonstrate the facile synthesis of a new class of clickable, branched nanostructures, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-branch-azide bivalent-brush polymers, facilitated by "graft-through" ring-opening metathesis polymerization of a branched norbornene-PEG-chloride macromonomer followed by halide-azide exchange. The resulting bivalent-brush polymers possess azide groups at the core near a polynorbornene backbone with PEG chains extended into solution; the structure resembles a unimolecular micelle. We demonstrate copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) "click-to" coupling of a photocleavable doxorubicin (DOX)-alkyne derivative to the azide core. The CuAAC coupling was quantitative across a wide range of nanoscopic sizes (∼6-∼50 nm); UV photolysis of the resulting DOX-loaded materials yielded free DOX that was therapeutically effective against human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah A Johnson
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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79
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Johnson JA, Lu YY, Burts AO, Xia Y, Durrell AC, Tirrell DA, Grubbs RH. Drug-loaded, bivalent-bottle-brush polymers by graft-through ROMP. Macromolecules 2010; 43:10326-10335. [PMID: 21532937 DOI: 10.1021/ma1021506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Graft-through ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) using ruthenium N-heterocyclic carbene catalysts has enabled the synthesis of bottle-brush polymers with unprecedented ease and control. Here we report the first bivalent-brush polymers; these materials were prepared by graft-through ROMP of drug-loaded polyethylene-glycol (PEG) based macromonomers (MMs). Anticancer drugs doxorubicin (DOX) and camptothecin (CT) were attached to a norbornene-alkyne-PEG MM via a photocleavable linker. ROMP of either or both drug-loaded MMs generated brush homo- and co-polymers with low polydispersities and defined molecular weights. Release of free DOX and CT from these materials was initiated by exposure to 365 nm light. All of the CT and DOX polymers were at least 10-fold more toxic to human cancer cells after photoinitiated drug release while a copolymer carrying both CT and DOX displayed 30-fold increased toxicity upon irradiation. Graft-through ROMP of drug-loaded macromonomers provides a general method for the systematic study of structure-function relationships for stimuli-responsive polymers in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah A Johnson
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125
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80
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Durmaz H, Dag A, Cerit N, Sirkecioglu O, Hizal G, Tunca U. Graft copolymers via ROMP and Diels-Alder click reaction strategy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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81
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Recent advances in ring-opening metathesis polymerization, and application to synthesis of functional materials. Polym J 2010. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2010.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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82
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Sudo A, Morishita H, Endo T. Synthesis of a norbornene monomer having cyclic carbonate moiety based on CO2
fixation and its transition metal-catalyzed polymerizations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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83
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