51
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Fu S, Jin E, Hanayama H, Zheng W, Zhang H, Di Virgilio L, Addicoat MA, Mezger M, Narita A, Bonn M, Müllen K, Wang HI. Outstanding Charge Mobility by Band Transport in Two-Dimensional Semiconducting Covalent Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7489-7496. [PMID: 35420808 PMCID: PMC9052747 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
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Two-dimensional covalent
organic frameworks (2D COFs) represent
a family of crystalline porous polymers with a long-range order and
well-defined open nanochannels that hold great promise for electronics,
catalysis, sensing, and energy storage. To date, the development of
highly conductive 2D COFs has remained challenging due to the finite
π-conjugation along the 2D lattice and charge localization at
grain boundaries. Furthermore, the charge transport mechanism within
the crystalline framework remains elusive. Here, time- and frequency-resolved
terahertz spectroscopy reveals intrinsically Drude-type band transport
of charge carriers in semiconducting 2D COF thin films condensed by
1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TPB) and 1,3,5-triformylbenzene
(TFB). The TPB–TFB COF thin films demonstrate high photoconductivity
with a long charge scattering time exceeding 70 fs at room temperature
which resembles crystalline inorganic materials. This corresponds
to a record charge carrier mobility of 165 ± 10 cm2 V–1 s–1, vastly outperforming
that of the state-of-the-art conductive COFs. These results reveal
TPB–TFB COF thin films as promising candidates for organic
electronics and catalysis and provide insights into the rational design
of highly crystalline porous materials for efficient and long-range
charge transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Fu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Enquan Jin
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz D-55128, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry and International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Hiroki Hanayama
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Heng Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Lucia Di Virgilio
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Matthew A Addicoat
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - Markus Mezger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz D-55128, Germany.,Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz D-55128, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Hai I Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz D-55128, Germany
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52
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Wang X, Han X, Cheng C, Kang X, Liu Y, Cui Y. 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks with cem Topology. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7366-7373. [PMID: 35418223 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A large number of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with two-dimensional (2D) layered structures have been reported, but their network structures are restricted to only seven topologies (namely, hcb, hxl, kgm, sql, tth, bex, and kgd) because of the limited choice of building blocks. In this work, we illustrate how linking pseudo-fivefold symmetric 1,2,3,4,5-penta(4-formylphenyl)pyrrole with linear aromatic diamines through dynamic imine bonds produces three 2D porous COFs with an unprecedented cem topology, which represent the first examples of five-vertex semiregular Archimedean tessellations in COFs. The three 2D COFs are isostructural, and each adopts an eclipsed stacking structure with unidirectional hierarchical pores, in which the pyrrole unit is utilized as the five-vertex of network to form both square and triangular pores in a 33.42 sequence. With high thermal and chemical resistances, the COF-packed HPLC columns show excellent performance to provide separation of 10 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, a group of the most widespread organic environmental pollutants. The implementation of five-vertex Archimedean tessellations thus couriers a strategy to design COFs with new topologies and paves a new way to expand the inimitable properties of COF materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xing Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xing Kang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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53
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Zhao Y, Liu L, Liu S, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang XD. Electronic and Near-Infrared-II Optical Properties of I-Doped Monolayer MoTe 2: A First-Principles Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11956-11963. [PMID: 35449971 PMCID: PMC9016853 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared-II (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) fluorescence imaging is widely used for in vivo biological imaging. With the unique electronic structures and capability of band-gap engineering, two-dimensional (2D) materials can be potential candidates for NIR-II imaging. Herein, a theoretical investigation of the electronic structure and optical properties of iodine (I)-doped monolayer MoTe2 systems with different doping concentrations is carried out through simulations to explore their NIR optical properties. The results suggest that the emergence of impurity levels due to I doping effectively reduces the bandwidth of I-doped monolayer MoTe2 systems, and the bandwidth decreases with the increase in the I doping concentration. Although the I and Mo atoms possess clear covalent-bonding features according to the charge density difference, impurity levels induced by the strong hybridization between the I 5p and Mo 4d orbitals cross the Fermi level, making the doped systems exhibit metallic behavior. In addition, with the increase in the I doping concentration, the energy required for electron transition from valence bands to impurity levels gradually decreases, which can be linked to the enhancement of the optical absorption in the red-shifted NIR-II region. Meanwhile, with a higher I doping concentration, the emission spectra, which are the product of the absorption spectra and quasi-Fermi distributions for electrons and holes, can be enhanced in the NIR-II window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of
Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of
Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department
of Physics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Shuangjie Liu
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of
Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of
Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department
of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials
Physics and Preparing Technology, Institute of Advanced Materials
Physics, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Academy of
Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department
of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials
Physics and Preparing Technology, Institute of Advanced Materials
Physics, School of Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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54
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Yan D, Wang Z, Zhang Z. Stimuli-Responsive Crystalline Smart Materials: From Rational Design and Fabrication to Applications. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1047-1058. [PMID: 35294183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive smart materials that can undergo reversible chemical/physical changes under external stimuli such as mechanical stress, heat, light, gas, electricity, and pH, are currently attracting increasing attention in the fields of sensors, actuators, optoelectronic devices, information storage, medical applications, and so forth. The current smart materials mostly concentrate on polymers, carbon materials, crystalline liquids, and hydrogels, which have no or low structural order (i.e., the responsive groups/moieties are disorderly in the structures), inevitably introducing deficiencies such as a relatively low response speeds, energy transformation inefficiencies, and unclear structure-property relationships. Consequently, crystalline materials with well-defined and regular molecular arrays can offer a new opportunity to create novel smart materials with improved stimuli-responsive performance. Crystalline materials include framework materials (e.g., metal-organic frameworks, MOFs; covalent organic frameworks, COFs) and molecular crystals (e.g., organic molecules and molecular cages), which have obvious advantages as smart materials compared to amorphous materials. For example, responsive groups/moieties can be uniformly installed in the skeleton of the crystal materials to form ordered molecular arrays, making energy transfer between external-stimulus signals and responsive sites much faster and more efficiently. Besides that, the well-defined structures facilitate in situ characterization of their structural transformation at the molecular level by means of various techniques and high-tech equipment such as in situ spectra and single-crystal/powder X-ray diffraction, thus benefiting the investigation and understanding of the mechanism behind the stimuli-responsive behaviors and structure-property relationships. Nevertheless, some unsolved challenges remain for crystalline smart materials (CSMs), hampering the fabrication of smart material systems for practical applications. For instance, as the materials' crystallinity increases, their processability and mechanical properties usually decrease, unavoidably hindering their practical application. Moreover, crystalline smart materials mostly exist as micro/nanosized powders, which are difficult to make stimuli-responsive on the macroscale. Thus, developing strategies that can balance the materials' crystallinity and processability and establishing macroscale smart material systems are of great significance for practical applications.In this Account, we mainly summarize the recent research progress achieved by our groups, including (i) the rational design and fabrication of new stimuli-responsive crystalline smart materials, including molecular crystals and framework materials, and an in-depth investigation of their response mechanism and structure-property relationship and (ii) creating chemical/physical modification strategies to improve the processability and mechanical properties for crystalline materials and establishing macroscale smart systems for practical applications. Overall, this Account summarizes the state-of-the-art progress of stimuli-responsive crystalline smart materials and points out the existing challenges and future development directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhenjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, and Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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55
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Wang C, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Yang C, Wu J, Hu W. 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks: From Synthetic Strategies to Advanced Optical-Electrical-Magnetic Functionalities. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2102290. [PMID: 35052010 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), an emerging class of organic crystalline polymers with highly oriented structures and permanent porosity, can adopt 2D or 3D architectures depending on the different topological diagrams of the monomers. Notably, 2D COFs have particularly gained much attention due to the extraordinary merits of their extended in-plane π-conjugation and topologically ordered columnar π-arrays. These properties together with high crystallinity, large surface area, and tunable porosity distinguish 2D COFs as an ideal candidate for the fabrication of functional materials. Herein, this review surveys the recent research advances in 2D COFs with special emphasis on the preparation of 2D COF powders, single crystals, and thin films, as well as their advanced optical, electrical, and magnetic functionalities. Some challenging issues and potential research outlook for 2D COFs are also provided for promoting their development in terms of structure, synthesis, and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyong Wang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yating Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chenhuai Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Wenping Hu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China
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56
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Electron and proton conducting framework organic salt single crystals. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.122903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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57
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Li R, Xing G, Li H, Li S, Chen L. A three-dimensional polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon based covalent organic framework doped with iodine for electrical conduction. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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58
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Kim SW, Chung S, Han GF, Seo JM, Noh HJ, Kim SJ, Jeon JP, Lee E, Kang B, Mahmood J, Cho K, Baek JB. Solution-Processable Semiconducting Conjugated Planar Network. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14588-14595. [PMID: 35311266 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
After the emergence of graphene in the material science field, top-down and bottom-up studies to develop semiconducting organic materials with layered structures became highly active. However, most of them have suffered from poor processability, which hampers device fabrication and frustrates practical applications. Here, we suggest an unconventional approach to fabricating semiconducting devices, which avoids the processability issue. We designed a soluble amorphous network using a solution process to form a thin film on a substrate. We then employed heat treatment to develop a flattened organic structure in the thin film, as an active layer for organic thin-film transistors (TFTs). The fabricated TFTs showed good performance in both horizontal and vertical charge transport, suggesting a versatile and useful approach for the development of organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Wook Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Sein Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Gao-Feng Han
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Seo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jun Noh
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Seok-Jin Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Jeon
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Eunho Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology (KIT), Gumi 39248, South Korea
| | - Boseok Kang
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology and Department of Nano Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Javeed Mahmood
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Jong-Beom Baek
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST, Ulsan 44919, South Korea
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59
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Fritz PW, Chen T, Ashirov T, Nguyen A, Dincă M, Coskun A. Fully Conjugated Tetraoxa[8]circulene‐Based Porous Semiconducting Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W. Fritz
- Department of Chemistry University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Tianyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Timur Ashirov
- Department of Chemistry University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Anh‐Dao Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Mircea Dincă
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Ali Coskun
- Department of Chemistry University of Fribourg Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
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60
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Xing G, Zheng W, Gao L, Zhang T, Wu X, Fu S, Song X, Zhao Z, Osella S, Martínez-Abadía M, Wang HI, Cai J, Mateo-Alonso A, Chen L. Nonplanar Rhombus and Kagome 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks from Distorted Aromatics for Electrical Conduction. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5042-5050. [PMID: 35189061 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an emerging class of promising 2D materials with high crystallinity and tunable structures. However, the low electrical conductivity impedes their applications in electronics and optoelectronics. Integrating large π-conjugated building blocks into 2D lattices to enhance efficient π-stacking and chemical doping is an effective way to improve the conductivity of 2D COFs. Herein, two nonplanar 2D COFs with kagome (DHP-COF) and rhombus (c-HBC-COF) lattices have been designed and synthesized from distorted aromatics with different π-conjugated structures (flexible and rigid structure, respectively). DHP-COF shows a highly distorted 2D lattice that hampers stacking, consequently limiting its charge carrier transport properties. Conversely, c-HBC-COF, with distorted although concave-convex self-complementary nodes, shows a less distorted 2D lattice that does not interfere with interlayer π-stacking. Employing time- and frequency-resolved terahertz spectroscopy, we unveil a high charge-carrier mobility up to 44 cm2 V-1 s-1, among the highest reported for 2D COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Max Planck Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lei Gao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shuai Fu
- Max Planck Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Silvio Osella
- Chemical and Biological Systems Simulation Lab, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Martínez-Abadía
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Hai I Wang
- Max Planck Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jinming Cai
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Aurelio Mateo-Alonso
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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61
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Diwakara SD, Ong WSY, Wijesundara YH, Gearhart RL, Herbert FC, Fisher SG, McCandless GT, Alahakoon SB, Gassensmith JJ, Dodani SC, Smaldone RA. Supramolecular Reinforcement of a Large-Pore 2D Covalent Organic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2468-2473. [PMID: 35099968 PMCID: PMC9173749 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D-COFs) are a class of crystalline porous organic polymers that consist of covalently linked, two-dimensional sheets that can stack together through noncovalent interactions. Here we report the synthesis of a novel COF, called PyCOFamide, which has an experimentally observed pore size that is greater than 6 nm in diameter. This is among the largest pore size reported to date for a 2D-COF. PyCOFamide exhibits permanent porosity and high crystallinity as evidenced by the nitrogen adsorption, powder X-ray diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. We show that the pore size of PyCOFamide is large enough to accommodate fluorescent proteins such as Superfolder green fluorescent protein and mNeonGreen. This work demonstrates the utility of noncovalent structural reinforcement in 2D-COFs to produce larger and persistent pore sizes than previously possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashini D. Diwakara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, 75080, United States
| | - Whitney S. Y. Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, 75080, United States
| | - Yalini H. Wijesundara
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, 75080, United States
| | - Robert L. Gearhart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, 75080, United States
| | - Fabian C. Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, 75080, United States
| | - Sarah G. Fisher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, 75080, United States
| | - Gregory T. McCandless
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, 75080, United States
| | - Sampath B. Alahakoon
- Institute of Combinatorial Advanced Research and Education, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Kandawala Rd, Ratmalana, 10390, Sri Lanka
| | - Jeremiah J. Gassensmith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, 75080, United States
| | - Sheel C. Dodani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, 75080, United States
| | - Ronald A. Smaldone
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, 75080, United States,Corresponding Author: Ronald A. Smaldone -
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62
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Yue Y, Li H, Chen H, Huang N. Piperazine-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks with High Electrical Conductivity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2873-2878. [PMID: 35129344 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A new kind of piperazine-linked covalent organic framework (COF) was synthesized through the nucleophilic substitution reaction between octaminophthalocyanines and hexadecafluorophthalocyanines. The two-dimensional (2D) frameworks are in tetragonally shaped polygon sheets, which stack in an AA stacking mode to constitute periodically ordered metallophthalocyanine columns and one-dimensional (1D) microporous channels. The piperazine-linked COFs exhibit excellent chemical stability and permanent porosity. By virtue of the neatly arrayed phthalocyanine columns and inbuilt cationic radicals, the piperazine-linked frameworks are highly conductive. The conductivity values of NiPc-NH-CoPcF8 COF reached up to 2.72 and 12.7 S m-1 for pellet and film samples, respectively. Moreover, this p-type conductive COF exhibited a high carrier mobility of 35.4 cm2 V-1 s-1. Both the electric conductivity and carrier mobility set new records for conductive COFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hanying Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ning Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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63
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Ren XR, Bai B, Zhang Q, Hao Q, Guo Y, Wan LJ, Wang D. Constructing Stable Chromenoquinoline-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks via Intramolecular Povarov Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2488-2494. [PMID: 35129958 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemically stable chromenoquinoline (CQ)-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) were constructed by postsynthetic conversion of imine COFs. The key step of an intramolecular Povarov reaction can transform a preintegrated alkyne group to bridge the benzene rings on both sides of the imine linkage via chemical bonds, affording a ladder-type CQ linkage. This novel approach achieves a high cyclization degree of 80-90%, which endows the CQ-COFs with excellent chemical stability toward strong acid, base, and redox reagents. The synthetic approach can be applied to various monomers with different symmetries and functional core moieties. The absorption and fluorescence intensities of CQ-COFs are sensitive to acid, which allows for dual-mode sensing of strongly acidic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rui Ren
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Bai
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qingsong Zhang
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Li-Jun Wan
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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65
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Borissov A, Maurya YK, Moshniaha L, Wong WS, Żyła-Karwowska M, Stępień M. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:565-788. [PMID: 34850633 PMCID: PMC8759089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys recent progress in the chemistry of polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules with a focus on structural diversity and synthetic methodology. The article covers literature published during the period of 2016-2020, providing an update to our first review of this topic (Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (4), 3479-3716).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet
Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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66
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Duygulu E, Alev O, Chumakov Y, Öztürk ZZ, Ayhan MM, Yuksel F. Morphology induced enhanced photoconductivity of a phthalocyanine-based benzimidazole linked two-dimensional conjugated covalent organic polymer. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00339b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel phthalocyanine-based benzimidazole linked conjugated covalent organic polymer (NiPc-COP1) has been synthesized with multiple randomly ordered crystalline morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Duygulu
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Onur Alev
- Department of Pyhsics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Yurii Chumakov
- Department of Pyhsics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Institute of Applied Physics, MD-2028, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Zafer Ziya Öztürk
- Department of Pyhsics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Menaf Ayhan
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Fatma Yuksel
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Jin E, Geng K, Fu S, Yang S, Kanlayakan N, Addicoat MA, Kungwan N, Geurs J, Xu H, Bonn M, Wang HI, Smet J, Kowalczyk T, Jiang D. Exceptional electron conduction in two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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68
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Liang X, Tian Y, Yuan Y, Kim Y. Ionic Covalent Organic Frameworks for Energy Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2105647. [PMID: 34626010 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of porous crystalline materials whose facile preparation, functionality, and modularity have led to their becoming powerful platforms for the development of molecular devices in many fields of (bio)engineering, such as energy storage, environmental remediation, drug delivery, and catalysis. In particular, ionic COFs (iCOFs) are highly useful for constructing energy devices, as their ionic functional groups can transport ions efficiently, and the nonlabile and highly ordered all-covalent pore structures of their backbones provide ideal pathways for long-term ionic transport under harsh electrochemical conditions. Here, current research progress on the use of iCOFs for energy devices, specifically lithium-based batteries and fuel cells, is reviewed in terms of iCOF backbone-design strategies, synthetic approaches, properties, engineering techniques, and applications. iCOFs are categorized as anionic COFs or cationic COFs, and how each of these types of iCOFs transport lithium ions, protons, or hydroxides is illustrated. Finally, the current challenges to and future opportunities for the utilization of iCOFs in energy devices are described. This review will therefore serve as a useful reference on state-of-the-art iCOF design and application strategies focusing on energy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Liang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yufei Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yoonseob Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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69
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Tong D, Zhao Y, Chen Z, Wang Y, Jia Z, Nie X, Xiao S. Theoretical insights into volatile iodine adsorption onto COF-DL229. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:25365-25373. [PMID: 34751277 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04390k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
COF-DL229 is one of the promising sorbents for the capture of volatile radioiodine due to its large adsorption capacity. However, the interaction mechanism between them remains unclear. In the present work, the adsorption of volatile iodine onto COF-DL229 was systematically investigated using periodic density functional theory and crystal orbital Hamilton population calculations. The "soft" characters of COF-DL229 have been theoretically demonstrated. Furthermore, the adsorption energies are extremely large (-8.38 to -9.26 eV), which mainly originate from the framework deformation energies, accounting for 90% at least. The I2 interacts with the skeleton mainly through the N atoms of the imine linkers or the C atoms of the phenyl rings. And, the I-N bond is the strongest bond among all the potential secondary bonds formed between the skeleton and I2. The electrons could be transferred from the skeletons to the iodine atoms and from the near iodine atom to the far one. It is also found that the energy gap becomes narrow after iodine adsorption and the skeletons mainly interact with the bonding orbital σp of I2. The present work could provide reasonable theoretical explanations to the corresponding experimental investigations and contribute to the design and screening of better sorbents for the capture of volatile radioiodine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayin Tong
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Yaolin Zhao
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Zhongcun Chen
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Yuqi Wang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Ziqi Jia
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaomeng Nie
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Songtao Xiao
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, P. R. China
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70
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Synthesis of a covalent organic framework with hydrazine linkages and its application in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1661:462681. [PMID: 34856505 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), owning to their excellent and unique properties, are attracting the attention of numerous researchers in some areas, especially the domain of chromatographic separation. However, the application of hydrazine linkages COFs in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC) lies in the early stage at present. Herein, a well-crystallized hydrazine-linked COF (Tf-DHzOH) was synthesized successfully from 2,5-dihydroxyterephtalohydrazide and 1,3,5-triformyl-benzene. Tf-DHzOH was firstly regarded as a stationary phase material to prepare the Tf-DHzOH coated capillaries with different coating thickness by covalent bonding in this work. The characterization results showed that Tf-DHzOH was successfully synthesized. The separation performance and stability of the Tf-DHzOH coated capillary were evaluated by considering amino acids, sulfonamides, tetracyclines and benzene compounds as analytes. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of separation time in the intra-day (n = 9), inter-day (n = 6), column-to-column (n = 3) and batch-to-batch (n = 3) were 0.76-4.97%, 1.59-5.94%1.78-8.72% and 1.66%-8.23%, respectively, the RSDs of peak areas were 1.90-5.16%, 1.73-5.24%, 1.26-7.33% and 3.77%-11.24%, respectively. It was confirmed that there was no visible change of separation efficiency after the Tf-DHzOH-coated capillary was used more than 200 runs. The results make clear that 2D hydrazine-linked COF (Tf-DHzOH) has superior potential as the stationary phase in OT-CEC for chromatographic separation.
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71
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Yue Y, Cai P, Xu K, Li H, Chen H, Zhou HC, Huang N. Stable Bimetallic Polyphthalocyanine Covalent Organic Frameworks as Superior Electrocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18052-18060. [PMID: 34637619 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of highly stable covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is extremely compelling for their implementation in practical application. In this work, we rationally designed and synthesized new kinds of ultrastable bimetallic polyphthalocyanine COFs, which are constructed with the dioxin linkage through the nucleophilic aromatic substitution between octahydroxylphthalocyanine and hexadecafluorophthalocyanine. The resulting bimetallic CuPcF8-CoPc-COF and CuPcF8-CoNPc-COF exhibited strong robustness under harsh conditions. The eclipsed stacking mode of metallophthalocyanine units supplies a high-speed pathway for electron transfer. With these structural advantages, both COFs displayed considerable activity, selectivity, and stability toward electrocatalytic CO2 reduction in an aqueous system. Notably, CuPcF8-CoNPc-COF showed a faradaic efficiency of 97% and an exceptionally high turnover frequency of 2.87 s-1, which is superior to most COF-based electrocatalysts. Furthermore, the catalytic mechanism was well demonstrated by using a theoretical calculation. This work not only expanded the variety of dioxin-linked COFs, but also constituted a new step toward their practical use in carbon cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Peiyu Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Kai Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hanying Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Ning Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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73
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Dong P, Wang Y, Zhang A, Cheng T, Xi X, Zhang J. Platinum Single Atoms Anchored on a Covalent Organic Framework: Boosting Active Sites for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Dong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P. R. China
| | - Aicaijun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P. R. China
| | - Ting Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P. R. China
| | - Xinguo Xi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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74
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Ghosh R, Paesani F. Topology-Mediated Enhanced Polaron Coherence in Covalent Organic Frameworks. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:9442-9448. [PMID: 34554754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We employ the Holstein model for polarons to investigate the relationship among defects, topology, Coulomb trapping, and polaron delocalization in covalent organic frameworks (COFs). We find that intrasheet topological connectivity and π-column density can override disorder-induced deep traps and significantly enhance polaron migration by several orders of magnitude in good agreement with recent experimental observations. The combination of percolation networks and micropores makes trigonal COFs ideally suited for charge transport followed by kagome/tetragonal and hexagonal structures. By comparing the polaron spectral signatures and coherence numbers of large three-dimensional frameworks having a maximum of 180 coupled chromophores, we show that controlling nanoscale defects and the location of the counteranion is critical for the design of new COF-based materials yielding higher mobilities. Our analysis establishes design strategies for enhanced conductivity in COFs that can be readily generalized to other classes of conductive materials such as metal-organic frameworks and perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Science and Engineering, and §San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Francesco Paesani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, ‡Materials Science and Engineering, and §San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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75
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Wang S, Li XX, Da L, Wang Y, Xiang Z, Wang W, Zhang YB, Cao D. A Three-Dimensional sp 2 Carbon-Conjugated Covalent Organic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:15562-15566. [PMID: 34533316 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A first example of an sp2 carbon-conjugated three-dimensional (3D) covalent organic framework (COF) (BUCT-COF-4) is synthesized via the Knoevenagel condensation of the saddle-shaped aldehyde-substituted cyclooctatetrathiophene and 1,4-phenylenediacetonitrile. Ascribed to the extended π-conjugation and long-range ordered structures, BUCT-COF-4 displays high Hall electron mobility of 1.97 cm2 V-1 s-1 at room temperature. After it is doped with iodine, the material not only exhibits an enhanced electron mobility up to 2.62 cm2 V-1 s-1 in ambient air but also presents an unexpected metal-free ferromagnetic phase transition arising from the formation of aligned spins unidirectional across the whole sp2 carbon-conjugated 3D framework. This is the first report of a ferromagnetic phenomenon in 3D COF materials, which would broaden promising applications and open a new frontier in COF materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiang-Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ling Da
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhehao Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.,Department of Physics and Electronics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yue-Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Dapeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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76
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Nanomaterials meet microfluidics: Improved analytical methods and high-throughput synthetic approaches. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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77
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Quick MT, Owschimikow N, Achtstein AW. Terahertz Charge Carrier Mobility in 1D and 2D Semiconductor Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7688-7695. [PMID: 34378384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the charge carrier mobility in 1D and 2D semiconductor nanoparticle domains with a focus on the interpretation of THz mobility measurements. We provide a microscopic understanding of the frequency-dependent charge carrier transport in these structures of finite lateral size. Yet unexplored oscillations in the frequency-dependent complex conductivity and a strong size dependence of the mobility are observed. The quantum nature of the charge carrier states results in oscillations in the frequency-dependent mobility for subresonant THz probing, seen in experiments. The effect is based on the lack of an energy continuum for the charge motion. In 2D systems the mobility is further governed by transitions in the two orthogonal x- and y-directions and depends nontrivially on the THz polarization, as well as the quantum well lateral aspect ratio, defining the energetic detuning of the lowest THz-photon transitions in both directions. We analyze the frequency, length, and effective mass dependencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Quick
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technical University of Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Owschimikow
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technical University of Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander W Achtstein
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technical University of Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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78
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Deng Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Zhang Z. Strategies for Improving the Catalytic Performance of 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Evolution Reactions. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1851-1863. [PMID: 34002483 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been deemed as clean and sustainable strategies to solve the energy crisis and environmental problems. Various catalysts have been developed to promote the process of HER and OER. Among them, two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) have received great attention due to their diverse and designable structure. In this minireview, we mainly summarize the diverse linkages of 2D COFs and strategies for enhancing the catalytic performance of 2D COFs for HER and OER, such as introducing active building blocks, metal ions and tailored linkages. Furthermore, a brief outlook for the development directions of COFs in the field of HER and OER is provided, expecting to stimulate new opportunities in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/ Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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79
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Ghosh R, Paesani F. Unraveling the effect of defects, domain size, and chemical doping on photophysics and charge transport in covalent organic frameworks. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8373-8384. [PMID: 34221318 PMCID: PMC8221171 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01262b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the underlying physical mechanisms that govern charge transport in two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) will facilitate the development of novel COF-based devices for optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications. In this context, the low-energy mid-infrared absorption contains valuable information about the structure-property relationships and the extent of intra- and inter-framework "hole" polaron delocalization in doped and undoped polymeric materials. In this study, we provide a quantitative characterization of the intricate interplay between electronic defects, domain sizes, pore volumes, chemical dopants, and three dimensional anisotropic charge migration in 2D COFs. We compare our simulations with recent experiments on doped COF films and establish the correlations between polaron coherence, conductivity, and transport signatures. By obtaining the first quantitative agreement with the measured absorption spectra of iodine doped (aza)triangulene-based COF, we highlight the fundamental differences between the underlying microstructure, spectral signatures, and transport physics of polymers and COFs. Our findings provide conclusive evidence of why iodine doped COFs exhibit lower conductivity compared to doped polythiophenes. Finally, we propose new research directions to address existing limitations and improve charge transport in COFs for applications in functional molecular electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA
| | - Francesco Paesani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA
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80
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Han B, Ding X, Yu B, Wu H, Zhou W, Liu W, Wei C, Chen B, Qi D, Wang H, Wang K, Chen Y, Chen B, Jiang J. Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks with Cobalt(II)-Phthalocyanine Sites for Efficient Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7104-7113. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xu Ding
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baoqiu Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Wei Zhou
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States
| | - Wenping Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuangyu Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Baotong Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dongdong Qi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanli Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Banglin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, United States
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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