51
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Fan T, Zhang ZJ, Zhang YC, Song J. Construction of All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters via Sequential Photoactivation/Isothiourea Catalysis. Org Lett 2019; 21:7897-7901. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zi-Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jin Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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52
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McLaughlin C, Slawin AMZ, Smith AD. Base‐free Enantioselective C(1)‐Ammonium Enolate Catalysis Exploiting Aryloxides: A Synthetic and Mechanistic Study. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Calum McLaughlin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh Fife Scotland KY16 9ST UK
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh Fife Scotland KY16 9ST UK
| | - Andrew D. Smith
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh Fife Scotland KY16 9ST UK
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53
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McLaughlin C, Slawin AMZ, Smith AD. Base-free Enantioselective C(1)-Ammonium Enolate Catalysis Exploiting Aryloxides: A Synthetic and Mechanistic Study. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15111-15119. [PMID: 31436380 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An isothiourea-catalyzed enantioselective Michael addition of aryl ester pronucleophiles to vinyl bis-sulfones via C(1)-ammonium enolate intermediates has been developed. This operationally simple method allows the base-free functionalization of aryl esters to form α-functionalized products containing two contiguous tertiary stereogenic centres in excellent yield and stereoselectivity (all ≥99:1 er). Key to the success of this methodology is the multifunctional role of the aryloxide, which operates as a leaving group, Brønsted base, Brønsted acid and Lewis base within the catalytic cycle. Comprehensive mechanistic studies, including variable time normalization analysis (VTNA) and isotopologue competition experiments, have been carried out. These studies have identified (i) orders of all reactants; (ii) a turnover-limiting Michael addition step, (iii) product inhibition, (iv) the catalyst resting state and (v) catalyst deactivation through protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum McLaughlin
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Andrew D Smith
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9ST, UK
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54
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Zhang Z, Zhang L, Geng R, Song J, Chen X, Gong L. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene/Copper Cooperative Catalysis for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirooxindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12190-12194. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Jing Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Rui‐Long Geng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Jin Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xiao‐Hua Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Liu‐Zhu Gong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS Hefei, 230026 China
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55
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Kotha S, Gupta NK, Aswar VR. Multicomponent Approach to Hydantoins and Thiohydantoins Involving a Deep Eutectic Solvent. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:3188-3197. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Naveen K. Gupta
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Vikas R. Aswar
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
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56
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Zhang Z, Zhang L, Geng R, Song J, Chen X, Gong L. N‐Heterocyclic Carbene/Copper Cooperative Catalysis for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Spirooxindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Jing Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Rui‐Long Geng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Jin Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xiao‐Hua Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Liu‐Zhu Gong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS Hefei, 230026 China
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57
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Pearson CM, Fyfe JWB, Snaddon TN. A Regio‐ and Stereodivergent Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines by a One‐Pot Cooperative‐Catalysis‐Based Allylic Alkylation/Hofmann Rearrangement Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin M. Pearson
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - James W. B. Fyfe
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Thomas N. Snaddon
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
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58
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Pearson CM, Fyfe JWB, Snaddon TN. A Regio- and Stereodivergent Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines by a One-Pot Cooperative-Catalysis-Based Allylic Alkylation/Hofmann Rearrangement Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10521-10527. [PMID: 31132203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a modular synthetic route to linear and branched homoallylic amines that operates through a sequential one-pot Lewis base/transition-metal catalyzed allylic alkylation/Hofmann rearrangement strategy. This protocol is operationally trivial, proceeds from simple and easily prepared substrates and catalysts, and enables all aspects of regio- and stereoselectivity to be controlled through a conserved experimental protocol. Overall, the high levels of enantio-, regio-, and diastereoselectivity obtained, in concert with the ability to access orthogonally protected or free amines, render this a straightforward and effective approach for the preparation of useful enantioenriched homoallylic amines. We have also demonstrated the utility of the products in the context of pharmaceutical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin M Pearson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - James W B Fyfe
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Thomas N Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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59
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Martínez-Pardo P, Blay G, Escrivá-Palomo A, Sanz-Marco A, Vila C, Pedro JR. Catalytic Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of 2-Imidazolinones. Org Lett 2019; 21:4063-4066. [PMID: 31090430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chiral cyclic ureas (2-imidazolinones) were prepared by the reaction of nitrones and isocyanoacetate esters using a multicatalytic system that combines a bifunctional Brønsted base-squaramide organocatalyst and Ag+ as a Lewis acid. The reaction could be achieved with a range of nitrones derived from aryl- and cycloalkylaldehydes with moderate diastereo- and good enantioselectivity. A plausible mechanism involving an initial formal [3 + 3] cycloaddition of the nitrone and isocyanoacetate ester, followed by rearrangement to an aminoisocyanate and cyclization to the imidazolinone, is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Martínez-Pardo
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química , Universitat de València , C/Dr. Moliner 50 , 46100 - Burjassot , Spain
| | - Gonzalo Blay
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química , Universitat de València , C/Dr. Moliner 50 , 46100 - Burjassot , Spain
| | - Alba Escrivá-Palomo
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química , Universitat de València , C/Dr. Moliner 50 , 46100 - Burjassot , Spain
| | - Amparo Sanz-Marco
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química , Universitat de València , C/Dr. Moliner 50 , 46100 - Burjassot , Spain
| | - Carlos Vila
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química , Universitat de València , C/Dr. Moliner 50 , 46100 - Burjassot , Spain
| | - José R Pedro
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química , Universitat de València , C/Dr. Moliner 50 , 46100 - Burjassot , Spain
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60
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Saunthwal RK, Cornall MT, Abrams R, Ward JW, Clayden J. Connective synthesis of 5,5-disubstituted hydantoins by tandem α-amination and α-arylation of silyl ketene acetals. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3408-3412. [PMID: 30996929 PMCID: PMC6429467 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05263h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amination of a silylated ester generates an intermediate urea that transfers an aryl ring to the aminated centre and cyclises to a hydantoin.
5,5-Disubstituted hydantoins, formally the cyclisation products of quaternary amino acids, were formed connectively from simple ester-derived starting materials by a one-pot tandem method. Amination of the silyl ketene acetal derivative of a methyl ester takes place by silver-catalysed addition to the N
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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N bond of an azocarboxamide, generating a N-amino-N′-aryl urea derivative of a substituted aminoester. Treatment with a base forms an ester enolate which undergoes arylation by intramolecular migration of an aryl ring to the α-position of the ester. The product undergoes ring closure to a hydantoin, which may itself be deprotected and functionalised. Aryl migration is successful with rings of various electronic character and with esters bearing functionalised and unfunctionalised chains, and the products have features in common with several bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Saunthwal
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK . ;
| | - Matthew T Cornall
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK . ;
| | - Roman Abrams
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK . ;
| | - John W Ward
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK . ;
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK . ;
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61
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Kaur N, Wu F, Alom NE, Ariyarathna JP, Saluga SJ, Li W. Intermolecular alkene difunctionalizations for the synthesis of saturated heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1643-1654. [PMID: 30452059 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02443j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Saturated heterocycles are important structural motifs in a range of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. As a result of their importance, syntheses of these molecules have been extensively investigated. Despite the progress in this area, the most adopted strategies are still often characterized with inefficiency or relying on functionalizations with specialized precursors and pre-existing cores. This review highlights a dynamic synthetic strategy for the direct synthesis of saturated heterocycles from intermolecular alkene difunctionalizations. These coupling processes are highly modular, and therefore, offer perhaps the most convenient means to prepare diverse heterocyclic structures in compound libraries for bioactivity evoluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navdeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA.
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62
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Rush Scaggs W, Scaggs TD, Snaddon TN. An enantioselective synthesis of α-alkylated pyrroles via cooperative isothiourea/palladium catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1787-1790. [PMID: 30483696 PMCID: PMC6499370 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02600a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the direct enantioselective Lewis base/Pd catalysed α-allylation of pyrrole acetic acid esters. This provides high isolated yields of highly enantioenriched products and exhibits broad reaction scope with respect to both reaction partners. The products can be readily elaborated in a manner which points towards potential applications in target directed synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Rush Scaggs
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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63
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Gasperini D, Greenhalgh MD, Imad R, Siddiqui S, Malik A, Arshad F, Choudhary MI, Al-Majid AM, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Nolan SP, Smith AD. Chiral Au I - and Au III -Isothiourea Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Application. Chemistry 2019; 25:1064-1075. [PMID: 30357947 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
During an investigation into the potential union of Lewis basic isothiourea organocatalysis and gold catalysis, the formation of gold-isothiourea complexes was observed. These novel gold complexes were formed in high yield and were found to be air- and moisture stable. A series of neutral and cationic chiral gold(I) and gold(III) complexes bearing enantiopure isothiourea ligands was therefore synthesized and fully characterized. The steric and electronic properties of the isothiourea ligands was assessed through calculation of their percent buried volume and the synthesis and analysis of novel iridium(I)-isothiourea carbonyl complexes. The novel gold(I)- and gold(III)-isothiourea complexes have been applied in preliminary catalytic and biological studies, and display promising preliminary levels of catalytic activity and potency towards cancerous cell lines and clinically relevant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Gasperini
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Mark D Greenhalgh
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Rehan Imad
- H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shezaib Siddiqui
- H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Anum Malik
- H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Fizza Arshad
- H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21412, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Al-Majid
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - David B Cordes
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Chemistry Department, College of Science, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrew D Smith
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
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64
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Declas N, Le Vaillant F, Waser J. Revisiting the Urech Synthesis of Hydantoins: Direct Access to Enantiopure 1,5-Substituted Hydantoins Using Cyanobenziodoxolone. Org Lett 2019; 21:524-528. [PMID: 30614708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A method for the synthesis of enantiopure 1,5-substituted hydantoins was developed using a hypervalent iodine cyanation reagent (cyanobenziodoxolone, CBX) as a source of electrophilic carbon. Starting from inexpensive commercially available enantiopure protected amino acids, the method allowed the synthesis of various hydantoins without epimerization. Formation of hydantoins from dipeptides was also possible, but partial epimerization was observed in this case. This synthetic strategy is user friendly as CBX is a bench-stable easy-to-handle crystalline reagent and avoids conventional multistep protocols, thus allowing the facile synthesis of a library of chiral hydantoins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Declas
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Franck Le Vaillant
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 , 1015 Lausanne , Switzerland
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65
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Zhou M, He E, Zhang L, Chen J, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Zhang W. Development of a new bicyclic imidazole nucleophilic organocatalyst for direct enantioselective C-acylation. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01025d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A new chiral nucleophilic organocatalyst bearing a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine skeleton has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muxing Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Ende He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Jianzhong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Yangang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
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66
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Young CM, Taylor JE, Smith AD. Evaluating aryl esters as bench-stable C(1)-ammonium enolate precursors in catalytic, enantioselective Michael addition–lactonisations. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:4747-4752. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00703b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An evaluation of a range of aryl, alkyl and vinyl esters as prospective C(1)-ammonium enolate precursors in enantioselective Michael addition–lactonisation processes with (E)-trifluoromethylenones using isothiourea catalysis is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M. Young
- EaStCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- North Haugh
- UK
| | - James E. Taylor
- EaStCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- North Haugh
- UK
| | - Andrew D. Smith
- EaStCHEM
- School of Chemistry
- University of St Andrews
- North Haugh
- UK
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67
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Sun M, Wan X, Zhou SJ, Mei GJ, Shi F. Iridium and a Brønsted acid cooperatively catalyzed chemodivergent and stereoselective reactions of vinyl benzoxazinones with azlactones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1283-1286. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08962k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Under cooperative catalysis of iridium and a Brønsted acid, different C4-substituted azlactones react with vinyl benzoxazinones via a formal [4+2] cycloaddition or substitution reaction in a chemo- and stereoselective mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Xiao Wan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Si-Jia Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Guang-Jian Mei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
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68
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Liu C, Zhao J, Qiao Y, Huang W, Rao Z, Gu Y. Selective synthesis of oxazoles and pyrazines from α-bromo-1-phenylethanone using a by-product-promoted strategy. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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69
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Hutchings-Goetz L, Yang C, Snaddon TN. Enantioselective α-Allylation of Aryl Acetic Acid Esters via C1-Ammonium Enolate Nucleophiles: Identification of a Broadly Effective Palladium Catalyst for Electron-Deficient Electrophiles. ACS Catal 2018; 8:10537-10544. [PMID: 31105986 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have identified a generally effective Pd catalyst for the highly enantioselective cooperative Lewis base/Pd-catalyzed α-allylation of aryl acetic esters using electron-deficient electrophiles. Changing between aldehyde, ketone, ester, and amide substituents at the terminus of intermediate cationic π-(allyl)Pd species affects both the efficiency of the reaction and, in the case of amides, control over the stereochemistry of the product alkene, as a function of the ligand. Tris[tri(2-thienyl)phosphino]Pd(0) serves as a broadly effective catalyst and overcomes these challenges to provide a general, high-yielding, and operationally simple C(sp3)-C(sp3) bond-forming method that gives products with high levels of enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Hutchings-Goetz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Thomas. N. Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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70
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Scaggs WR, Snaddon TN. Enantioselective α-Allylation of Acyclic Esters Using B(pin)-Substituted Electrophiles: Independent Regulation of Stereocontrol Elements through Cooperative Pd/Lewis Base Catalysis. Chemistry 2018; 24:14378-14381. [PMID: 30011357 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cooperation between a Lewis base and Pd catalyst enables the direct enantioselective α-functionalization of aryl and vinyl acetic acid esters using a bifunctional B(pin)-substituted electrophile. Critical to the success of this method was the recognition that both catalysts could control the necessary stereochemical aspects; the Lewis base catalyst controls the enantioselectivity of the reaction, whereas the Pd catalyst regulates alkenyl-B(pin) configuration. This is the first example of using cooperative catalysis to control both stereochemical features during Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Rush Scaggs
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Thomas N Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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71
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Zhang L, Zhang ZJ, Xiao JY, Song J. Asymmetric Synthesis of Allenyl α-Amino Amides by an Isothiourea Catalyzed Enantioselective [2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement. Org Lett 2018; 20:5519-5522. [PMID: 30153032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Highly efficient catalytic asymmetric [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements of propargyl ammonium salts have been accomplished under mild reaction conditions. In the presence of the chiral isothiourea catalyst, a wide range of allenyl α-amino amide derivatives were obtained in generally good yields (up to 99%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
| | - Zi-Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
| | - Jing-Yu Xiao
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
| | - Jin Song
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
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72
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Zhang S, Taylor JE, Slawin AMZ, Smith AD. Isothiourea-Catalyzed Enantioselective Functionalization of 2-Pyrrolyl Acetic Acid: Two-Step Synthesis of Stereodefined Dihydroindolizinones. Org Lett 2018; 20:5482-5485. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Zhang
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - James E. Taylor
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Andrew D. Smith
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, U.K
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73
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Enantioselective α-Benzylation of Acyclic Esters Using π-Extended Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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74
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Schwarz KJ, Yang C, Fyfe JWB, Snaddon TN. Enantioselective α-Benzylation of Acyclic Esters Using π-Extended Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12102-12105. [PMID: 30011353 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The first asymmetric cooperative Lewis base/palladium catalyzed benzylic alkylation of acyclic esters is reported. This reaction proceeds via stereodefined C1-ammonium enolate nucleophiles. Critical to its success was the identification of benzylic phosphate electrophiles, which were uniquely reactive. Alkylated products were obtained with very high levels of enantioselectivity, and this method has been applied toward the synthesis of the thrombin inhibitor DX-9065a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - James W B Fyfe
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Thomas N Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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75
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Schwarz KJ, Pearson CM, Cintron-Rosado GA, Liu P, Snaddon TN. Traversing Steric Limitations by Cooperative Lewis Base/Palladium Catalysis: An Enantioselective Synthesis of α-Branched Esters Using 2-Substituted Allyl Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:7800-7803. [PMID: 29701289 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cooperative catalysis enables the direct enantioselective α-allylation of linear prochiral esters with 2-substituted allyl electrophiles. Critical to the successful development of the method was the recognition that metal-centered reactivity and the source of enantiocontrol are independent. This feature is unique to simultaneous catalysis events and permits logical tuning of the supporting ligands without compromising enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Colin M Pearson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | | | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Thomas N Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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76
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Schwarz KJ, Pearson CM, Cintron‐Rosado GA, Liu P, Snaddon TN. Traversing Steric Limitations by Cooperative Lewis Base/Palladium Catalysis: An Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Branched Esters Using 2‐Substituted Allyl Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Colin M. Pearson
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | | | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Thomas N. Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
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77
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Zhang ZJ, Song J. An isothiourea-catalyzed asymmetric formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition of in situ generated azoalkenes with C1 ammonium enolates. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient isothiourea-catalyzed stereoselective formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition of α-chloro cyclic hydrazones with carboxylic acids has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Jin Song
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
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78
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van Leest NP, Epping RF, van Vliet KM, Lankelma M, van den Heuvel EJ, Heijtbrink N, Broersen R, de Bruin B. Single-Electron Elementary Steps in Homogeneous Organometallic Catalysis. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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