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Zhang X, Liu Y, Gopalakrishnan S, Castellanos-Garcia L, Li G, Malassiné M, Uddin I, Huang R, Luther DC, Vachet RW, Rotello VM. Intracellular Activation of Bioorthogonal Nanozymes through Endosomal Proteolysis of the Protein Corona. ACS NANO 2020; 14:4767-4773. [PMID: 32227914 PMCID: PMC8297610 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal activation of prodrugs provides a strategy for on-demand on-site production of therapeutics. Intracellular activation provides a strategy to localize therapeutics, potentially minimizing off-target effects. To this end, nanoparticles embedded with transition metal catalysts (nanozymes) were engineered to generate either "hard" irreversible or "soft" reversible coronas in serum. The hard corona induced nanozyme aggregation, effectively inhibiting nanozyme activity, whereas only modest loss of activity was observed with the nonaggregating soft corona nanozymes. In both cases complete activity was restored by treatment with proteases. Intracellular activity mirrored this reactivation: endogenous proteases in the endosome provided intracellular activation of both nanozymes. The role of intracellular proteases in nanozyme reactivation was verified through treatment of the cells with protease inhibitors, which prevented reactivation. This study demonstrates the use of intracellular proteolysis as a strategy for localization of therapeutic generation to within cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yuanchang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Sanjana Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Laura Castellanos-Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Gengtan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Morgane Malassiné
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, Université de Haute-Alsace, Mulhouse 68200, France
| | - Imad Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - David C. Luther
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Richard W. Vachet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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Learte-Aymamí S, Vidal C, Gutiérrez-González A, Mascareñas JL. Intracellular Reactions Promoted by Bis(histidine) Miniproteins Stapled Using Palladium(II) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9149-9154. [PMID: 32162393 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The generation of catalytically active metalloproteins inside living mammalian cells is a major research challenge at the interface between catalysis and cell biology. Herein we demonstrate that basic domains of bZIP transcription factors, mutated to include two histidine residues at i and i+4 positions, react with palladium(II) sources to generate catalytically active, stapled pallado-miniproteins. The resulting constrained peptides are efficiently internalized into living mammalian cells, where they perform palladium-promoted depropargylation reactions without cellular fixation. Control experiments confirm the requirement of the peptide scaffolding and the palladium staple for attaining the intracellular reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Learte-Aymamí
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química, Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristian Vidal
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química, Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alejandro Gutiérrez-González
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química, Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José L Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química, Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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53
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Tomás‐Gamasa M, Mascareñas JL. TiO
2
‐Based Photocatalysis at the Interface with Biology and Biomedicine. Chembiochem 2019; 21:294-309. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Tomás‐Gamasa
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica, e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela Campus Vida 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - José Luis Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica, e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS)Departamento de Química OrgánicaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela Campus Vida 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
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54
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Zhou H, Tan J, Zhang X. Nanoreactors for Chemical Synthesis and Biomedical Applications. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:3240-3250. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- Cancer Centre and Centre for Precision Medicine Research and Training, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR P.R. China
| | - Jingyun Tan
- Cancer Centre and Centre for Precision Medicine Research and Training, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR P.R. China
| | - Xuanjun Zhang
- Cancer Centre and Centre for Precision Medicine Research and Training, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Macau Macau SAR P.R. China
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