51
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Pawlowski R, Skorka P, Stodulski M. Radical‐Mediated Non‐Dearomative Strategies in Construction of Spiro Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Pawlowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland
| | - P. Skorka
- Medical University of Warsaw Faculty of Pharmacy Warsaw Poland
| | - M. Stodulski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland
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52
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Leitch JA, Rossolini T, Rogova T, Dixon DJ. α-Tertiary Dialkyl Ether Synthesis via Reductive Photocatalytic α-Functionalization of Alkyl Enol Ethers. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research
Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Rossolini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research
Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Tatiana Rogova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research
Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research
Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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53
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Rogova T, Gabriel P, Zavitsanou S, Leitch JA, Duarte F, Dixon DJ. Reverse Polarity Reductive Functionalization of Tertiary Amides via a Dual Iridium-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation and Single Electron Transfer Strategy. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Rogova
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Gabriel
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Stamatia Zavitsanou
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie A. Leitch
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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54
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Ryder ASH, Cunningham WB, Ballantyne G, Mules T, Kinsella AG, Turner‐Dore J, Alder CM, Edwards LJ, McKay BSJ, Grayson MN, Cresswell AJ. Photocatalytic α-Tertiary Amine Synthesis via C-H Alkylation of Unmasked Primary Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14986-14991. [PMID: 32391968 PMCID: PMC7496683 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A practical, catalytic entry to α,α,α-trisubstituted (α-tertiary) primary amines by C-H functionalisation has long been recognised as a critical gap in the synthetic toolbox. We report a simple and scalable solution to this problem that does not require any in situ protection of the amino group and proceeds with 100 % atom-economy. Our strategy, which uses an organic photocatalyst in combination with azide ion as a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalyst, provides a direct synthesis of α-tertiary amines, or their corresponding γ-lactams. We anticipate that this methodology will inspire new retrosynthetic disconnections for substituted amine derivatives in organic synthesis, and particularly for challenging α-tertiary primary amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison S. H. Ryder
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical TechnologiesUniversity of Bath1 South, Claverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | | | - George Ballantyne
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Bath1 South, Claverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Tom Mules
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Bath1 South, Claverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Anna G. Kinsella
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Bath1 South, Claverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Jacob Turner‐Dore
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Bath1 South, Claverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Catherine M. Alder
- Medicines DesignGSK Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RdStevenageSG1 2NYUK
| | - Lee J. Edwards
- Medicines DesignGSK Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RdStevenageSG1 2NYUK
| | | | - Matthew N. Grayson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Bath1 South, Claverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
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55
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Lux MC, Jurczyk J, Lam YH, Song ZJ, Ma C, Roque JB, Ham JS, Sciammetta N, Adpressa D, Sarpong R, Yeung CS. Synthesis of Bridged Bicyclic Amines by Intramolecular Amination of Remote C–H Bonds: Synergistic Activation by Light and Heat. Org Lett 2020; 22:6578-6583. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michaelyn C. Lux
- MRL Postdoctoral Fellow, Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc. 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Justin Jurczyk
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yu-hong Lam
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Zhiguo J. Song
- External Discovery Process Chemistry, Department of Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., 126 East Lincoln Avenue, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Chao Ma
- WuXi Apptec Co., Ltd., 168 Nanhai Road, Tianjin Economic-Technological Development
Area, Tianjin 330457, China
| | - Jose B. Roque
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jin Su Ham
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nunzio Sciammetta
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Donovon Adpressa
- Analytical Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Richmond Sarpong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Charles S. Yeung
- Disruptive Chemistry Fellow, Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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56
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Shennan BDA, Smith PW, Ogura Y, Dixon DJ. A modular and divergent approach to spirocyclic pyrrolidines. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10354-10360. [PMID: 34094297 PMCID: PMC8162384 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03676e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient three-step sequence to afford a valuable class of spirocyclic pyrrolidines is reported. A reductive cleavage/Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons cascade facilitates the spirocyclisation of a range of isoxazolines bearing a distal β-ketophosphonate. The spirocyclisation precursors are elaborated in a facile and modular fashion, via a [3 + 2]-cycloaddition followed by the condensation of a phosphonate ester, introducing multiple points of divergence. The synthetic utility of this protocol has been demonstrated in the synthesis of a broad family of 1-azaspiro[4,4]nonanes and in a concise formal synthesis of the natural product (±)-cephalotaxine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D A Shennan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Peter W Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Yusuke Ogura
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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57
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Su YL, Liu GX, Liu JW, Tram L, Qiu H, Doyle MP. Radical-Mediated Strategies for the Functionalization of Alkenes with Diazo Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13846-13855. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Liang Su
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Geng-Xin Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun-Wen Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Linh Tram
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Huang Qiu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Michael P. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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58
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Ryder ASH, Cunningham WB, Ballantyne G, Mules T, Kinsella AG, Turner‐Dore J, Alder CM, Edwards LJ, McKay BSJ, Grayson MN, Cresswell AJ. Photocatalytic α‐Tertiary Amine Synthesis via C−H Alkylation of Unmasked Primary Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison S. H. Ryder
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies University of Bath 1 South, Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | | | - George Ballantyne
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath 1 South, Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Tom Mules
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath 1 South, Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Anna G. Kinsella
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath 1 South, Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Jacob Turner‐Dore
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath 1 South, Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Catherine M. Alder
- Medicines Design GSK Medicines Research Centre Gunnels Wood Rd Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Lee J. Edwards
- Medicines Design GSK Medicines Research Centre Gunnels Wood Rd Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Blandine S. J. McKay
- Medicines Design GSK Medicines Research Centre Gunnels Wood Rd Stevenage SG1 2NY UK
| | - Matthew N. Grayson
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath 1 South, Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
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59
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Wang W, Cao X, Xiao W, Shi X, Zuo X, Liu L, Chang W, Li J. Stereospecific Synthesis of cis-2,5-Disubstituted Pyrrolidines via N,O-Acetals Formed by Hydroamination Cyclization–Hydroalkoxylation of Homopropargylic Sulfonamides in HFIP. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7045-7059. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Zuo
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Weixing Chang
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Weijin Road 94#, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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60
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Zhao C, Feng Z, Xu G, Gao A, Chen J, Wang Z, Xu P. Highly Enantioselective Construction of Strained Spiro[2,3]hexanes through a Michael Addition/Ring Expansion/Cyclization Cascade. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3058-3062. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan‐Gang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Tao Feng
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of California-Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Guo‐Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Jing‐Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Zhu‐Yin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Peng‐Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
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61
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Trowbridge A, Walton SM, Gaunt MJ. New Strategies for the Transition-Metal Catalyzed Synthesis of Aliphatic Amines. Chem Rev 2020; 120:2613-2692. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Trowbridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Scarlett M. Walton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Oncology
- IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Darwin Building, Unit 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Gaunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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62
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Dean C, Rajkumar S, Roesner S, Carson N, Clarkson GJ, Wills M, Jones M, Shipman M. Readily accessible sp 3-rich cyclic hydrazine frameworks exploiting nitrogen fluxionality. Chem Sci 2020; 11:1636-1642. [PMID: 32206282 PMCID: PMC7069508 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04849a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased molecular complexity correlates with improved chances of success in the drug development process. Here, a strategy for the creation of sp3-rich, non-planar heterocyclic scaffolds suitable for drug discovery is described that obviates the need to generate multiple stereogenic centers with independent control. Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation using a tethered Ru-catalyst is used to efficiently produce a range of enantiopure cyclic hydrazine building blocks (up to 99% ee). Iterative C-N functionalization at the two nitrogen atoms of these compounds produces novel hydrazine and hydrazide based chemical libraries. Wide chemical diversification is possible through variation in the hydrazine structure, use of different functionalization chemistries and coupling partners, and controlled engagement of each nitrogen of the hydrazine in turn. Principal Moment of Inertia (PMI) analysis of this small hydrazine library reveals excellent shape diversity and three-dimensionality. NMR and crystallographic studies confirm these frameworks prefer to orient their substituents in three-dimensional space under the control of a single stereogenic center through exploitation of the fluxional behavior of the two nitrogen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Dean
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Sundaram Rajkumar
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Stefan Roesner
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Nessa Carson
- AMRI UK, Ltd. , Erl Wood Manor , Windlesham , Surrey GU20 6PH , UK
| | - Guy J Clarkson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Martin Wills
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Matthew Jones
- Eli Lilly & Company Ltd. , Erl Wood Manor , Windlesham , Surrey GU20 6PH , UK
| | - Michael Shipman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
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63
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Reich D, Trowbridge A, Gaunt MJ. Rapid Syntheses of (−)‐FR901483 and (+)‐TAN1251C Enabled by Complexity‐Generating Photocatalytic Olefin Hydroaminoalkylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2256-2261. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Reich
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Aaron Trowbridge
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Matthew J. Gaunt
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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64
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Leitch JA, Rogova T, Duarte F, Dixon DJ. Dearomative Photocatalytic Construction of Bridged 1,3‐Diazepanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4121-4130. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Tatiana Rogova
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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65
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Leitch JA, Rogova T, Duarte F, Dixon DJ. Dearomative Photocatalytic Construction of Bridged 1,3‐Diazepanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Tatiana Rogova
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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66
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Werth J, Berger K, Uyeda C. Cobalt Catalyzed Reductive Spirocyclopropanation Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2020; 362:348-352. [PMID: 33192219 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt pyridine-diimine (PDI) complexes catalyze the reductive spirocyclopropanation of terminal 1,3-dienes. gem-Dichlorocycloalkanes serve as carbene precursors and Zn is used as a terminal electron source. The reaction is effective for a range of gem-dichloro partners including those containing sulfur and nitrogen heterocycles. An example of an intramolecular Rh-catalyzed [5 + 2]-cycloaddition of a vinyl spirocyclopropane is demonstrated, providing rapid access to a complex tricyclic framework. Overall, this catalyst system is capable of suppressing the kinetically facile 1,2-hydride shift, which has hampered the development of Simmons-Smith reactions using Zn carbenoids possessing β-hydrogen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Werth
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kristen Berger
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Christopher Uyeda
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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67
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Zhao C, Feng Z, Xu G, Gao A, Chen J, Wang Z, Xu P. Highly Enantioselective Construction of Strained Spiro[2,3]hexanes through a Michael Addition/Ring Expansion/Cyclization Cascade. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan‐Gang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Tao Feng
- Department of Chemistry University of California-Davis One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Guo‐Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Jing‐Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Zhu‐Yin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Peng‐Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
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68
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Leitch JA, Rossolini T, Rogova T, Maitland JAP, Dixon DJ. α-Amino Radicals via Photocatalytic Single-Electron Reduction of Imine Derivatives. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Leitch
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Rossolini
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Tatiana Rogova
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - J. Andrew P. Maitland
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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69
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Nicastri MC, Lehnherr D, Lam YH, DiRocco DA, Rovis T. Synthesis of Sterically Hindered Primary Amines by Concurrent Tandem Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:987-998. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Nicastri
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Dan Lehnherr
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yu-hong Lam
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Daniel A. DiRocco
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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70
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Reich D, Trowbridge A, Gaunt MJ. Rapid Syntheses of (−)‐FR901483 and (+)‐TAN1251C Enabled by Complexity‐Generating Photocatalytic Olefin Hydroaminoalkylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Reich
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Aaron Trowbridge
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Matthew J. Gaunt
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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71
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Lin S, Chen Y, Li F, Shi C, Shi L. Visible-light-driven spirocyclization of epoxides via dual titanocene and photoredox catalysis. Chem Sci 2019; 11:839-844. [PMID: 34123060 PMCID: PMC8146098 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05601g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the synergistic utilization of titanocene/photoredox dual catalysis driven by visible light for the radical opening/spirocyclization of easily accessible epoxyalkynes. This environmentally benign process uses the organic donor-acceptor fluorophore 2,4,5,6-tetra(9H-carbazol-9-yl)isophthalonitrile (4CzIPN) as a photocatalyst and Hantzsch ester (HE) as an electron donor instead of stoichiometric metallic reductants. The photocatalytic conditions showed exceptionally high reactivity for the synthesis of privileged and synthetically challenging spirocycles featuring a spiro all-carbon quaternary stereocenter. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies suggest that Cp2TiIIICl is the catalytically active species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjie Lin
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Fusheng Li
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Caizhe Shi
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Lei Shi
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
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72
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Espinosa M, Noda H, Shibasaki M. Synthesis of Unprotected Spirocyclic β-Prolines and β-Homoprolines by Rh-Catalyzed C-H Insertion. Org Lett 2019; 21:9296-9299. [PMID: 31580682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of unprotected spirocyclic β-prolines and β-homoprolines are prepared by Rh-catalyzed C-H insertion. The key intermediate, a Rh nitrenoid, is generated by the N-O bond cleavage of a substituted isoxazolidin-5-one. The reaction proceeds on a gram scale with a catalyst loading of as little as 0.1 mol %, affording spirocyclic β-amino acids that are otherwise difficult to obtain. The building blocks prepared in this work will likely find applications in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Espinosa
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo , 3-14-23 Kamiosaki , Shinagawa-ku , Tokyo 141-0021 , Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Noda
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo , 3-14-23 Kamiosaki , Shinagawa-ku , Tokyo 141-0021 , Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo , 3-14-23 Kamiosaki , Shinagawa-ku , Tokyo 141-0021 , Japan
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73
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Abstract
A catalytic system has been developed for the direct alkylation of α-C-H bonds of aniline derivatives with strained C-C σ-bonds. This method operates through a photoredox mechanism in which oxidative formation of aminoalkyl radical intermediates enables addition to a bicyclobutane derivative, giving rise to α-cyclobutyl N-alkylaniline products. This mild system proceeds through a redox- and proton-neutral mechanism and is operational for a range of substituted arylamine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J Pratt
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - R Adam Aycock
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Max D King
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Nathan T Jui
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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74
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Lee S, Lei H, Rovis T. A Rh(III)-Catalyzed Formal [4+1] Approach to Pyrrolidines from Unactivated Terminal Alkenes and Nitrene Sources. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12536-12540. [PMID: 31381308 PMCID: PMC7428074 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a formal [4+1] approach to pyrrolidines from readily available unactivated terminal alkenes as 4-carbon partners. The reaction provides a rapid construction of various pyrrolidine containing structures, especially for the diastereoselective synthesis of spiro-pyrrolidines. Mechanistic investigation suggests a Rh(III)-catalyzed intermolecular aziridination of the alkene and subsequent acid-promoted ring expansion for the pyrrolidine formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
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75
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Wang YY, Bode JW. Olefin Amine (OLA) Reagents for the Synthesis of Bridged Bicyclic and Spirocyclic Saturated N-Heterocycles by Catalytic Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9739-9745. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yi Wang
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey W. Bode
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
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76
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Wang PZ, Chen JR, Xiao WJ. Hantzsch esters: an emerging versatile class of reagents in photoredox catalyzed organic synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6936-6951. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01289c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This minireview highlights the recent advances in the chemistry of Hantzsch esters in photoredox catalyzed organic synthesis, with particular emphasis placed on reaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Zi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan
| | - Jia-Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan
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