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Bey E, Marchais-Oberwinkler S, Negri M, Kruchten P, Oster A, Klein T, Spadaro A, Werth R, Frotscher M, Birk B, Hartmann RW. New Insights into the SAR and Binding Modes of Bis(hydroxyphenyl)thiophenes and -benzenes: Influence of Additional Substituents on 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (17β-HSD1) Inhibitory Activity and Selectivity. J Med Chem 2009; 52:6724-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jm901195w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Bey
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Negri
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Patricia Kruchten
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexander Oster
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tobias Klein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alessandro Spadaro
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ruth Werth
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Frotscher
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Barbara Birk
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
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52
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Lilienkampf A, Karkola S, Alho-Richmond S, Koskimies P, Johansson N, Huhtinen K, Vihko K, Wähälä K. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 (17β-HSD1) Inhibitors Based on a Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one Core. J Med Chem 2009; 52:6660-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900928k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Lilienkampf
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampo Karkola
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Alho-Richmond
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pasi Koskimies
- Hormos Medical Ltd., PharmaCity, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Nina Johansson
- Hormos Medical Ltd., PharmaCity, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Hormos Medical Ltd., PharmaCity, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Kimmo Vihko
- Hormos Medical Ltd., PharmaCity, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Kristiina Wähälä
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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53
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Kruchten P, Werth R, Marchais-Oberwinkler S, Bey E, Ziegler E, Oster A, Frotscher M, Hartmann RW. Development of biological assays for the identification of selective inhibitors of estradiol formation from estrone in rat liver preparations. CR CHIM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2009.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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54
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Kruchten P, Werth R, Bey E, Oster A, Marchais-Oberwinkler S, Frotscher M, Hartmann RW. Selective inhibition of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17betaHSD1) reduces estrogen responsive cell growth of T47-D breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2009; 114:200-6. [PMID: 19429452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2008] [Revised: 02/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The most potent estrogen estradiol (E2) plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of estrogen dependent diseases. 17beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17betaHSD1) catalyses the NADPH-dependent E2-formation from estrone (E1). It is often overexpressed in breast cancer and endometriosis. For this reason, inhibition of 17betaHSD1 is a promising strategy for the treatment of these diseases. In the present paper, we investigate the estrogen responsive cell growth of T47-D breast cancer cells, the intracellular inhibitory activity of non-steroidal 17betaHSD1-inhibitors and their effects on estrogen dependent cell growth in vitro. At equal concentrations the estrogens E1 and E2 induced the same extent of growth stimulation indicating fast intracellular conversion of E1 into E2. Application of inhibitors selectively prevented stimulation of proliferation evoked by E1-treatment whereas E2-mediated stimulation was not affected. Furthermore, intracellular E2-formation from E1 was significantly inhibited with IC(50)-values in the nanomolar range. In conclusion, our findings strongly support suitability of non-steroidal 17betaHSD1-inhibitors for the treatment of estrogen dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Kruchten
- 8.2 Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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55
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Al-Soud YA, Bey E, Oster A, Marchais-Oberwinkler S, Werth R, Kruchten P, Frotscher M, Hartmann RW. The role of the heterocycle in bis(hydroxyphenyl)triazoles for inhibition of 17beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD) type 1 and type 2. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2009; 301:212-5. [PMID: 18848601 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2008.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2008] [Accepted: 09/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
17beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1) is responsible for the catalytic reduction of the weak estrogen estrone (E1) into the highly potent 17beta-estradiol (E2). As 17beta-HSD1 is often overexpressed in mammary tumors and endometriosis, the selective inhibition of this enzyme is discussed as a promising approach for the treatment of estrogen-dependent diseases. Recently, we reported on bis(hydroxyphenyl)azoles as a new class of potent inhibitors of 17beta-HSD1. In this paper, we focused on bis(hydroxyphenyl)triazoles. The influence of nitrogens on the potency as well as the space available around the heterocycle was investigated. Substituents were introduced on the triazole core in order to establish additional interactions with the enzyme active site. The compounds were evaluated for activity towards 17beta-HSD1 and selectivity with regard to 17beta-HSD2, the enzyme which is responsible for the deactivation of E2 into E1. 3-[4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]phenol (3) was the most active compound discovered in this study with an IC(50) value of 840nM and a reasonable selectivity towards 17beta-HSD2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen A Al-Soud
- 8.2 Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, PO Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
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56
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Marchais-Oberwinkler S, Frotscher M, Ziegler E, Werth R, Kruchten P, Messinger J, Thole H, Hartmann RW. Structure-activity study in the class of 6-(3'-hydroxyphenyl)naphthalenes leading to an optimization of a pharmacophore model for 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1) inhibitors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2009; 301:205-11. [PMID: 18950679 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2008.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2008] [Revised: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 09/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
17beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1) catalyzes the transformation of estrone (E1) into the most potent estrogen, estradiol (E2), which stimulates cell proliferation and decreases apoptosis. 17beta-HSD1 is often strongly overexpressed in estrogen-dependent diseases (like breast cancer and endometriosis). Thus, this over expressed enzyme is a promising novel target for the development of selective inhibitors, which could be used as drugs for the treatment of these diseases. Using a structure- and ligand-based approach, a pharmacophore model was proposed and a new class of non-steroidal inhibitors of 17beta-HSD1 was designed. Enzyme inhibition was evaluated in vitro using the human enzyme. After identification of the 6-(3'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-naphthol scaffold 1, the potency of this class of inhibitors was further improved by substitution of the 1-position of the naphthalene ring by a phenyl group (compound 18, IC(50)=20nM). Compound 18 also showed a good selectivity toward 17beta-HSD2 and the estrogen receptors alpha and beta.
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Kruchten P, Werth R, Marchais-Oberwinkler S, Frotscher M, Hartmann RW. Development of a biological screening system for the evaluation of highly active and selective 17beta-HSD1-inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2009; 301:154-7. [PMID: 18984028 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2008.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Revised: 09/26/2008] [Accepted: 09/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
17beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1) catalyses the intracellular conversion of oestrone (E1) to oestradiol (E2). E2 is known to be involved in the development and progression of breast cancer and endometriosis. Since 17beta-HSD1 is overexpressed in these oestrogen-dependent diseases, inhibition of this enzyme may be a more target-directed therapeutical approach compared to established medical treatments. For the identification of highly active and selective 17beta-HSD1-inhibitors that are suitable for application as potential therapeutics, there is a need for an appropriate, efficient and reliable screening system. Here, we report the development and application of our screening system using our in house library of potential 17beta-HSD1-inhibitors. Four potent and selective compounds with a good first pharmacokinetic profile were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Kruchten
- 8.2 Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, PO Box 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
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58
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Bey E, Marchais-Oberwinkler S, Werth R, Negri M, Al-Soud YA, Kruchten P, Oster A, Frotscher M, Birk B, Hartmann RW. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and pharmacokinetics of bis(hydroxyphenyl) substituted azoles, thiophenes, benzenes, and aza-benzenes as potent and selective nonsteroidal inhibitors of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1). J Med Chem 2008; 51:6725-39. [PMID: 18855374 DOI: 10.1021/jm8006917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
17beta-Estradiol (E2), the most potent female sex hormone, stimulates the growth of mammary tumors and endometriosis via activation of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha). 17beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1), which is responsible for the catalytic reduction of the weakly active estrogen estrone (E1) into E2, is therefore discussed as a novel drug target. Recently, we have discovered a 2,5-bis(hydroxyphenyl) oxazole to be a potent inhibitor of 17beta-HSD1. In this paper, further structural optimizations were performed: 39 bis(hydroxyphenyl) azoles, thiophenes, benzenes, and aza-benzenes were synthesized and their biological properties were evaluated. The most promising compounds of this study show enhanced IC 50 values in the low nanomolar range, a high selectivity toward 17beta-HSD2, a low binding affinity to ERalpha, a good metabolic stability in rat liver microsomes, and a reasonable pharmacokinetic profile after peroral application. Calculation of the molecular electrostatic potentials revealed a correlation between 17beta-HSD1 inhibition and the electron density distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Bey
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, PO Box 15 11 50, D-66041, Saarbrucken, Germany
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