51
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Rodríguez-Tinoco C, Gonzalez-Silveira M, Ràfols-Ribé J, Lopeandía AF, Rodríguez-Viejo J. Transformation kinetics of vapor-deposited thin film organic glasses: the role of stability and molecular packing anisotropy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:31195-201. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04692k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The growth front velocity of indomethacin glasses depends on deposition conditions but is not unambigously determined by its thermodynamic stability when the structure is not completely isotropic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Rodríguez-Tinoco
- Grup de Nanomaterials i Microsistemes
- Physics Department
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Silveira
- Grup de Nanomaterials i Microsistemes
- Physics Department
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - Joan Ràfols-Ribé
- Grup de Nanomaterials i Microsistemes
- Physics Department
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - Aitor F. Lopeandía
- Grup de Nanomaterials i Microsistemes
- Physics Department
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - Javier Rodríguez-Viejo
- Grup de Nanomaterials i Microsistemes
- Physics Department
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
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52
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Bhattacharya D, Sadtchenko V. Enthalpy and high temperature relaxation kinetics of stable vapor-deposited glasses of toluene. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:094502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4893716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vlad Sadtchenko
- Chemistry Department, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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53
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Vapor-deposited glasses provide clearer view of two-level systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:11232-3. [PMID: 25053809 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1411278111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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54
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Sepúlveda A, Tylinski M, Guiseppi-Elie A, Richert R, Ediger MD. Role of fragility in the formation of highly stable organic glasses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:045901. [PMID: 25105633 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.045901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In situ dielectric spectroscopy has been used to characterize vapor-deposited glasses of methyl-m-toluate (MMT), an organic glass former with low fragility (m = 60). Deposition near 0.84T(g) produces glasses of very high kinetic stability; these materials are comparable in stability to the most stable glasses produced from more fragile glass formers. Highly stable glasses of MMT, when annealed above T(g), transform into the supercooled liquid by a heterogeneous mechanism. A constant velocity propagating front is initiated at the free surface and controls the transformation of thin films. The transition to a bulk-dominated transformation process occurs at 5 μm, the largest length scale reported for any glass. Contrary to recent conclusions, we find that physical vapor deposition can form highly stable organic glasses across the entire range of liquid fragilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sepúlveda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Tylinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Guiseppi-Elie
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - R Richert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - M D Ediger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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55
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Suppression of tunneling two-level systems in ultrastable glasses of indomethacin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:11275-80. [PMID: 25002498 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1405545111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glasses and other noncrystalline solids exhibit thermal and acoustic properties at low temperatures anomalously different from those found in crystalline solids, and with a remarkable degree of universality. Below a few kelvin, these universal properties have been successfully interpreted using the tunneling model, which has enjoyed (almost) unanimous recognition for decades. Here we present low-temperature specific-heat measurements of ultrastable glasses of indomethacin that clearly show the disappearance of the ubiquitous linear contribution traditionally ascribed to the existence of tunneling two-level systems (TLS). When the ultrastable thin-film sample is thermally converted into a conventional glass, the material recovers a typical amount of TLS. This remarkable suppression of the TLS found in ultrastable glasses of indomethacin is argued to be due to their particular anisotropic and layered character, which strongly influences the dynamical network and may hinder isotropic interactions among low-energy defects, rather than to the thermodynamic stabilization itself. This explanation may lend support to the criticisms by Leggett and others [Yu CC, Leggett AJ (1988) Comments Condens Matter Phys 14(4):231-251; Leggett AJ, Vural DC (2013) J Phys Chem B 117(42):12966-12971] to the standard tunneling model, although more experiments in different kinds of ultrastable glasses are needed to ascertain this hypothesis.
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56
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Lin PH, Lyubimov I, Yu L, Ediger MD, de Pablo JJ. Molecular modeling of vapor-deposited polymer glasses. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:204504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4876078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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57
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Ishii K, Nakayama H. Structural relaxation of vapor-deposited molecular glasses and supercooled liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:12073-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00458b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The properties of vapor-deposited molecular glasses largely depend on deposition conditions, and stable and/or dense glasses are formed with several compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kikujiro Ishii
- Department of Chemistry
- Gakushuin University
- Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
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58
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Yu HB, Luo Y, Samwer K. Ultrastable metallic glass. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:5904-5908. [PMID: 23956053 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201302700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A new metallic glass, which was created by vapour deposition at an appropriately high substrate temperature, shows exceptional thermal stability, and enhanced glass transition temperature and elastic modulus. Comparing this new material with other organic glasses prepared by similar routes and known as ultrastable glasses demonstrates the formation of ultrastable glassy materials correlates to the important concept of fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bin Yu
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
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59
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Lyubimov I, Ediger MD, de Pablo JJ. Model vapor-deposited glasses: Growth front and composition effects. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:144505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4823769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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60
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Nakayama H, Omori K, Ino-u-e K, Ishii K. Molar Volumes of Ethylcyclohexane and Butyronitrile Glasses Resulting from Vapor Deposition: Dependence on Deposition Temperature and Comparison to Alkylbenzenes. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:10311-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp404256r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Nakayama
- Department
of Chemistry, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1
Mejiro, Toshimaku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
| | - Kio Omori
- Department
of Chemistry, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1
Mejiro, Toshimaku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
| | - Katsunobu Ino-u-e
- Department
of Chemistry, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1
Mejiro, Toshimaku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
| | - Kikujiro Ishii
- Department
of Chemistry, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1
Mejiro, Toshimaku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan
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61
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Dalal SS, Fakhraai Z, Ediger MD. High-Throughput Ellipsometric Characterization of Vapor-Deposited Indomethacin Glasses. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:15415-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jp405005n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel S. Dalal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
53706, United States
| | - Zahra Fakhraai
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
19104, United States
| | - M. D. Ediger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
53706, United States
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62
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Whitaker KR, Scifo DJ, Ediger MD, Ahrenberg M, Schick C. Highly Stable Glasses of cis-Decalin and cis/trans-Decalin Mixtures. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:12724-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jp400960g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R. Whitaker
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
53706, United States
| | - Daniel J. Scifo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
53706, United States
| | - M. D. Ediger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
53706, United States
| | | | - Christoph Schick
- Institute
of Physics, University of Rostock, Rostock
18051, Germany
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63
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Chen Z, Sepúlveda A, Ediger MD, Richert R. Dynamics of glass-forming liquids. XVI. Observation of ultrastable glass transformation via dielectric spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:12A519. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4771695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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64
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Sepúlveda A, Swallen SF, Ediger MD. Manipulating the properties of stable organic glasses using kinetic facilitation. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:12A517. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4772594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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65
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Singh S, Ediger MD, de Pablo JJ. Ultrastable glasses from in silico vapour deposition. NATURE MATERIALS 2013; 12:139-144. [PMID: 23291708 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Glasses are generally prepared by cooling from the liquid phase, and their properties depend on their thermal history. Recent experiments indicate that glasses prepared by vapour deposition onto a substrate can exhibit remarkable stability, and might correspond to equilibrium states that could hitherto be reached only by glasses aged for thousands of years. Here we create ultrastable glasses by means of a computer-simulation process that mimics physical vapour deposition. These stable glasses have, far below the conventional glass-transition temperature, the properties expected for the equilibrium supercooled liquid state, and optimal stability is attained when deposition occurs at the Kauzmann temperature. We also show that the glasses' extraordinary stability is associated with distinct structural motifs, in particular the abundance of regular Voronoi polyhedra and the relative lack of irregular polyhedra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadanand Singh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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66
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Ahrenberg M, Chua YZ, Whitaker KR, Huth H, Ediger MD, Schick C. In situinvestigation of vapor-deposited glasses of toluene and ethylbenzene via alternating current chip-nanocalorimetry. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:024501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4773354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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67
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Sepúlveda A, Swallen SF, Kopff LA, McMahon RJ, Ediger MD. Stable glasses of indomethacin and α,α,β-tris-naphthylbenzene transform into ordinary supercooled liquids. J Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4768168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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68
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Whitaker KR, Ahrenberg M, Schick C, Ediger MD. Vapor-deposited α,α,β-tris-naphthylbenzene glasses with low heat capacity and high kinetic stability. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:154502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4758807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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69
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Affiliation(s)
- M. D. Ediger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Peter Harrowell
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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70
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Tatsumi S, Aso S, Yamamuro O. Thermodynamic study of simple molecular glasses: universal features in their heat capacity and the size of the cooperatively rearranging regions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:045701. [PMID: 23006098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.045701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have obtained some universal thermodynamic properties on glass transitions of molecular liquids. The heat capacity C(p) of glassy propene, which was vitrified by using a vapor-deposition technique, was measured with a newly developed adiabatic calorimeter. Propene has the lowest glass transition temperature (T(g)=56 K), the largest C(p) jump at T(g) (C(p)(lq)/C(p)(gl)~2.5), and the lowest residual entropy (S(res)~Rln2) compared with glass-forming molecules measured before. We have analyzed the present data with other hydrocarbon molecules vitrified by liquid quenching and obtained the following results: (1) The excess heat capacities are scaled well by using a Kauzmann temperature T(K), (2) The size of the cooperative rearrangement region (CRR) frozen at T(g) increases with decreasing the temperature difference between T(g) and T(K) (Kauzmann temperature), and (3) The simpler the molecule is, the larger the frozen CRR becomes. These are all supporting the validity of the Adam-Gibbs theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichi Tatsumi
- Neutron Science Laboratory, Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan.
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71
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Ediger MD, Yu L. Polymer glasses: From gas to nanoglobular glass. NATURE MATERIALS 2012; 11:267-268. [PMID: 22437780 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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