51
|
Jensen TR, Balashev K, Bjørnholm T, Kjaer K. Novel methods for studying lipids and lipases and their mutual interaction at interfaces. Part II. Surface sensitive synchrotron X-ray scattering. Biochimie 2001; 83:399-408. [PMID: 11368847 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(01)01265-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Monolayers of lipids have been studied for more than a century. During the past decade new insight into the field has resulted from the development of surface sensitive X-ray scattering methods utilizing synchrotron radiation: grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) and specular X-ray reflectivity (XR). These novel methods provide direct microscopic information about the systems in question and allow in situ investigations under near physiological conditions. GIXD gives information about the in-plane molecular structure, e.g., lattice symmetry and structural parameters; XR provides the electron density profile across the interface. The present review describes the theory, experimental procedures and sample requirements for surface sensitive X-ray scattering. An overview of recent results is presented as well, with special emphasis on biologically important systems, e.g., investigations by GIXD and/or XR of lipid and protein structures at interfaces and of lipid/protein interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T R Jensen
- Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, Risø National Laboratory, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
52
|
Geva M, Izhaky D, Mickus DE, Rychnovsky SD, Addadi L. Stereoselective recognition of monolayers of cholesterol, ent-cholesterol, and epicholesterol by an antibody. Chembiochem 2001; 2:265-71. [PMID: 11828454 DOI: 10.1002/1439-7633(20010401)2:4<265::aid-cbic265>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between a monoclonal antibody and four distinct monolayers with varying degrees of structural, chemical, and stereochemical similarity were studied and quantified. The antibody, raised and selected against cholesterol monohydrate crystals, interacts with cholesterol monolayers stereospecifically, but not enantiospecifically. Monolayers of ent-cholesterol molecules, which are chemically identical to cholesterol and whose structure is the exact mirror image of the cholesterol monolayer, interact with the antibody to the same extent as the cholesterol monolayers. The affinity of the antibody for both enantiomeric monolayers is extremely high. However, the antibody does not interact with monolayers of epicholesterol, which is an epimer of cholesterol: The hydroxy group in epicholesterol is in the 3alpha position rather than in the 3beta position, imposing a different angle between the hydroxy group and the rigid steroid backbone, and a different packing of the molecules. Monolayers of triacontanol, a long-chain primary aliphatic alcohol, interact with the antibody to a lesser extent than the cholesterol and ent-cholesterol monolayers, presumably due to the structural flexibility of the triacontanol molecule. The lack of chiral discrimination by the antibody is thus correlated to the level at which the chirality is exposed at the surface of the monolayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Geva
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
54
|
Johann R, Symietz C, Vollhardt D, Brezesinski G, Möhwald H. Influence of Cholesterol on Domain Shape and Lattice Structure in Arachidic Acid Monolayers at High pH. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp001293l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Johann
- Max-Planck-Institute of Colloid and Interface Science, D-14476 Golm, Germany
| | - C. Symietz
- Max-Planck-Institute of Colloid and Interface Science, D-14476 Golm, Germany
| | - D. Vollhardt
- Max-Planck-Institute of Colloid and Interface Science, D-14476 Golm, Germany
| | - G. Brezesinski
- Max-Planck-Institute of Colloid and Interface Science, D-14476 Golm, Germany
| | - H. Möhwald
- Max-Planck-Institute of Colloid and Interface Science, D-14476 Golm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Rapaport H, Kuzmenko I, Berfeld M, Kjaer K, Als-Nielsen J, Popovitz-Biro R, Weissbuch I, Lahav M, Leiserowitz L. From Nucleation to Engineering of Crystalline Architectures at Air−Liquid Interfaces. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp991439k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Rapaport
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivan Kuzmenko
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mary Berfeld
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Kjaer
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Als-Nielsen
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ronit Popovitz-Biro
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Isabelle Weissbuch
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Meir Lahav
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leslie Leiserowitz
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel, Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry Department, RisØ National Laboratory, DK 4000, Roskilde, Denmark, and Niels Bohr Institute, H. C. Ørsted Laboratory, DK 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|