51
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Qin C, Wu X, Tong H, Wang L. High solubility and photoluminescence quantum yield water-soluble polyfluorenes with dendronized amino acid side chains: synthesis, photophysical, and metal ion sensing properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01094d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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52
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Liu Y, Ogawa K, Schanze KS. Conjugated polyelectrolytes as fluorescent sensors. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2009.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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53
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Huang X, Xu Y, Zheng L, Meng J, Cheng Y. A highly selective and sensitive fluorescence chemosensor based on optically active polybinaphthyls for Hg2+. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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54
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Chen Y, Pu KY, Fan QL, Qi XY, Huang YQ, Lu XM, Huang W. Water-soluble anionic conjugated polymers for metal ion sensing: Effect of interchain aggregation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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55
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Quantum Dots Arrangement and Energy Transfer Control via Charge-Transfer Complex Achieved on Poly(Phenylene Ethynylene)/Schizophyllan Nanowires. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:1434-41. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200900175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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56
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Li C, Jiang L, Liu H, Li Y, Song Y. Stabilization and Large Nonlinearity of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with a π-Conjugated Polymer. Chemphyschem 2009; 10:2058-65. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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57
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Liu J, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Acetylenic Polymers: Syntheses, Structures, and Functions. Chem Rev 2009; 109:5799-867. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900149d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1028] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Bioengineering Graduate Program, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Macromolecules, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jacky W. Y. Lam
- Department of Chemistry, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Bioengineering Graduate Program, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Macromolecules, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Bioengineering Graduate Program, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, and Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Macromolecules, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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58
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Li B, Qin C, Li T, Wang L, Dong S. Fluorescent switch constructed based on hemin-sensitive anionic conjugated polymer and its applications in DNA-related sensors. Anal Chem 2009; 81:3544-50. [PMID: 19344125 DOI: 10.1021/ac900110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, a fluorescent switch is constructed combining hemin, hemin aptamer, and a newly synthesized anionic conjugated polymer (ACP), poly(9,9-bis(6'-phosphatehexyl) fluorenealt-1,4-phenylene) sodium salt (PFHPNa/PFP). In the "off-state", the fluorescence of PFP is sensitively quenched by hemin, with a high K(sv) value of approximately 10(7). While in the "on-state", the formation of the aptamer/hemin complex recovers the fluorescence intensity. The fluorescent switch is sensitive and selective to hemin. To testify the universality and practicality of the fluorescent switch, a series of label-free DNA-related sensing platforms are developed, containing three DNA sensing strategies and one ATP recognition strategy. The fluorescent switch developed is simple, sensitive, and universal, which extends applications of the anionic conjugated polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
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59
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Huang YQ, Liu XF, Fan QL, Wang L, Song S, Wang LH, Fan C, Huang W. Tuning backbones and side-chains of cationic conjugated polymers for optical signal amplification of fluorescent DNA detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:2973-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2008] [Revised: 03/02/2009] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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60
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Xia Y, Mao J, Lv X, Chen Y. Synthesis of porphyrin end-capped water-soluble poly(phenylene ethynylene) and study of its optical properties. Polym Bull (Berl) 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-009-0066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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61
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Synthesis, characterization and self-assembly behavior in water as fluorescent sensors of cationic water-soluble conjugated polyfluorene-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) diblock copolymers. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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62
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Adachi N, Tatewaki Y, Shirai H, Kimura M. Conjugated Polymer Gels with Dendritic Hydrophilic Side Chains. Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.pj2008237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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63
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Wang CC, Sun B, Wang Y, Wang XY, Shen QD. Cationic water-soluble poly(p-phenylene vinylene) for fluorescence sensors and electrostatic self-assembly nanocomposites with quantum dots. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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64
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Triphenylamine and Fluorene Based Cationic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Synthesis and Characterization. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200800436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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65
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Kokado K, Chujo Y. Poly(p-phenyleneethynylene)–Silica Gel Hybrids without Any Compatibilizer. CHEM LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2008.732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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66
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Zhao X, Jiang H, Schanze KS. Polymer Chain Length Dependence of Amplified Fluorescence Quenching in Conjugated Polyelectrolytes. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma800191q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200
| | - Kirk S. Schanze
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200
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67
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Li C, Zhou C, Zheng H, Yin X, Zuo Z, Liu H, Li Y. Synthesis of a novel poly(para-phenylene ethynylene) for highly selective and sensitive sensing mercury (II) ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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68
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Wu M, Kaur P, Yue H, Clemmens AM, Waldeck DH, Xue C, Liu H. Charge Density Effects on the Aggregation Properties of Poly(p-phenylene-ethynylene)-Based Anionic Polyelectrolytes. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:3300-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jp7099527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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69
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Moon J, McDaniel W, MacLean P, Hancock L. Live-Cell-Permeable Poly(p-phenylene ethynylene). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200701991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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70
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Moon JH, McDaniel W, Maclean P, Hancock LF. Live-Cell-Permeable Poly(p-phenylene ethynylene). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:8223-5. [PMID: 17886818 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200701991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joong Ho Moon
- ICx Technologies, 215 First St., Suite 104, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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71
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George WN, Giles M, McCulloch I, de Mello JC, Steinke JHG. Amplified fluorescence quenching in high ionic strength media. SOFT MATTER 2007; 3:1381-1387. [PMID: 32900117 DOI: 10.1039/b709879k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a new cationic poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) derivative that exhibits strong amplified fluorescence quenching in the presence of electron-deficient species, yielding high Stern-Volmer coefficients of 4.7 × 10 M in aqueous solutions. Importantly, with the addition of appropriate non-ionic surfactants, the polymer is found to retain its excellent sensitivity even when transferred to high ionic strength buffered media, which have previously been shown to suppress the amplified quenching effect in other polyelectrolyte systems. The cationic PPE derivative yields Stern-Volmer coefficients as high as 10 M in 25 mM buffer solutions of both tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (Tris) and sodium acetate containing 150 mM sodium chloride, the optimal conditions for many enzymes such as phosphatases. The ability to maintain high Stern-Volmer coefficients in high ionic strength buffered media extends the applicability of ionic conjugated polymers to high sensitivity detection in biological media, and thus greatly enhances their versatility as biological sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne N George
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UKSW7 2AZ.
| | - Mark Giles
- Merck Chemicals, Chilworth Science Park, University Parkway, Southampton, UKSO16 7QD
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Merck Chemicals, Chilworth Science Park, University Parkway, Southampton, UKSO16 7QD
| | - John C de Mello
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UKSW7 2AZ.
| | - Joachim H G Steinke
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UKSW7 2AZ.
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72
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Huo H, Li K, Wang Q, Wu C. Self-Assembly and Optical Property of Triblock Copolymers Made of Polystyrene and Oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene) in Different Mixtures of Toluene and Hexane. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma071247k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Huo
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin. N. T. Hong Kong; The Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin. N. T. Hong Kong; The Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin. N. T. Hong Kong; The Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Chi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin. N. T. Hong Kong; The Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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73
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Gao Y, Wang CC, Wang L, Wang HL. Conjugated polyelectrolytes with pH-dependent conformations and optical properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:7760-7. [PMID: 17559239 DOI: 10.1021/la063536s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis and characterization of two new conjugated polymers: poly{2,5-bis[3-(N,N-diethylammonium acetate)-1-oxapropyl]-1,4-phenylenevinylene} (P1') and poly{2,5-bis[3-(N,N,N-triethylammonium bromide)-1-oxapropyl]-1,4-phenylenevinylene} (P2). Both polymers exhibit unique pH-dependent optical properties in aqueous solution. These pH-dependent optical properties are attributed to the mutual electrostatic repulsions of positive charges pendent on the benzene rings. This electrostatic repulsion leads to an increased or decreased torsional angle in the conjugated backbone, thus affecting the effective conjugation length of these polymers. The UV-vis spectra of P1 in various pH solutions exhibit a near-isosbestic point, which indicates changes in the composition of the two distinct conformations (the charged and the neutral forms). The transition between the highly charged state and the neutral state was clearly observed in the UV-vis and photoluminescence studies on both P1 and P2. This transition is particularly sensitive in the pH range from 6.2 to 7.0, a range that would allow the detection of minor environmental changes. P2 has a quantum efficiency of 14% in water, which is considered to be relatively high among water-soluble PPVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Physical Chemistry and Spectroscopy, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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74
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Lei SB, Deng K, Yang YL, Zeng QD, Wang C, Ma Z, Wang P, Zhou Y, Fan QL, Huang W. Substituent Effects on Two-Dimensional Assembling and Chain Folding of Rigid-Rod Polymer Poly(p-phenyleneethynylene) Derivatives on the Solid/Liquid Interface. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma062855n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Bin Lei
- National Center of Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, P. R. China, Institute of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, P. R. China
| | - Ke Deng
- National Center of Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, P. R. China, Institute of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Lian Yang
- National Center of Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, P. R. China, Institute of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Dao Zeng
- National Center of Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, P. R. China, Institute of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- National Center of Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, P. R. China, Institute of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, P. R. China
| | - Zhun Ma
- National Center of Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, P. R. China, Institute of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, P. R. China
| | - Pei Wang
- National Center of Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, P. R. China, Institute of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- National Center of Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, P. R. China, Institute of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, P. R. China
| | - Qu-Li Fan
- National Center of Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, P. R. China, Institute of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- National Center of Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, P. R. China, Institute of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China, and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, P. R. China
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75
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Gan H, Li Y, Liu H, Wang S, Li C, Yuan M, Liu X, Wang C, Jiang L, Zhu D. Self-assembly of conjugated polymers and ds-oligonucleotides directed fractal-like aggregates. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:1723-9. [PMID: 17458934 DOI: 10.1021/bm070082k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Highly ordered nanostructures between conjugated polymers and ds-oligonucleotides have been first fabricated by simply controlling the self-assembly processes, which shows a novel concept for fabricating fractal-like structures. The formation of polymer/DNA fractal-like aggregates is a diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) process. The fractal dimension is independent of the polymer/DNA concentration but only related to the polymer/DNA charge ratio. More interestingly, the different fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) behavior between the polymer and the DNA can be used to distinguish dsDNA from ssDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Gan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China
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76
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Thomas SW, Joly GD, Swager TM. Chemical Sensors Based on Amplifying Fluorescent Conjugated Polymers. Chem Rev 2007; 107:1339-86. [PMID: 17385926 DOI: 10.1021/cr0501339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2943] [Impact Index Per Article: 173.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel W Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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77
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Wang F, Bazan GC. Aggregation-Mediated Optical Properties of pH-Responsive Anionic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:15786-92. [PMID: 17147388 DOI: 10.1021/ja065061x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polyelectrolyte copolymers containing 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole- (BT) and oligo(ethylene oxide)-substituted fluorene and phenylene units have been designed and synthesized. The phenylene pendent groups also have carboxylic acid functionalities, which allow probing the effect of pH on optical properties. The BT content in the backbone can be regulated at the synthesis stage. Dynamic light scattering studies show that polymers aggregate in water at low pH. Increased interchain contacts give rise to a lowering of the photoluminescence (PL) efficiency via self-quenching when the BT units are absent and increased levels of FRET from the phenylene-fluorene segments to BT. Furthermore, the PL efficiency of BT increases in the aggregated structures. Examination of solvent effects indicates that the increased BT efficiencies are likely due to decreased contact with water. The changes in PL efficiencies are reversible, showing that the aggregates are dynamic and not kinetically constrained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuke Wang
- Department of Materials and Chemistry & Biochemistry, Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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78
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Huang YQ, Fan QL, Zhang GW, Chen Y, Lu XM, Huang W. A fluorene-containing water-soluble poly(p-phenyleneethynylene) derivative: Highly fluorescent and sensitive conjugated polymer with minor aggregation in aqueous solution. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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79
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A bipyridine-containing water-soluble conjugated polymer: Highly efficient fluorescence chemosensor for convenient transition metal ion detection in aqueous solution. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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80
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Fakis M, Anestopoulos D, Giannetas V, Persephonis P, Mikroyannidis J. Femtosecond Time Resolved Fluorescence Dynamics of a Cationic Water-Soluble Poly(fluorenevinylene-co-phenylenevinylene). J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:12926-31. [PMID: 16805593 DOI: 10.1021/jp056385v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A recently synthesized cationic water-soluble poly(fluorenevinylene-co-phenylenevinylene) was studied by means of steady state and femtosecond time resolved upconversion spectroscopy in aqueous and EtOH solutions. Steady state spectroscopic measurements showed that the polymer emits at the blue-green spectral region and that aggregates are formed in concentrated polymer solutions. The fluorescence dynamics of the polymer in concentrated solutions, studied at a range of emission wavelengths, exhibited a wavelength dependent and multiexponential decay, indicating the existence of various decay mechanisms. Specifically, a rapid decay at short emission wavelengths and a slow rise at long wavelengths were observed. Both features reveal an energy transfer process from isolated to aggregated chains. The contribution of the energy transfer process as well as of the isolated chains and the aggregates on the overall fluorescence decay of the polymer was determined. The dependence of the energy transfer rate and efficiency on polymer concentration was also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihalis Fakis
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, Patras 26500, Greece.
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81
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Cheng F, Zhang GW, Lu XM, Huang YQ, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Fan QL, Huang W. A Cationic Water-Soluble Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) Derivative: Highly Sensitive Biosensor for Iron-Sulfur Protein Detection. Macromol Rapid Commun 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200500867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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82
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Huang YQ, Fan QL, Li SB, Lu XM, Cheng F, Zhang GW, Chen Y, Wang LH, Huang W. Para-linked and meta-linked cationic water-soluble fluorene-containing poly(aryleneethynylene)s: Conformational changes and their effects on iron–sulfur protein detection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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83
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Huang YQ, Fan QL, Lu XM, Fang C, Liu SJ, Yu-Wen LH, Wang LH, Huang W. Cationic, water-soluble, fluorene-containing poly(arylene ethynylene)s: Effects of water solubility on aggregation, photoluminescence efficiency, and amplified fluorescence quenching in aqueous solutions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wang WZ, Fan QL, Cheng F, Zhao P, Huang W. Sonochemical synthesis of novel blue-emissive, water-soluble, cationic polysilanes as fluorescent sensors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Cationic phenyl-substituted poly(p-phenylenevinylene) related copolymers with efficient photoluminescence and synthetically tunable emissive colors. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
[Reaction: see text]. The novel synthetic strategy and optical properties of highly fluorescent, triazine-amine conjugated oligomers are described herein. Under basic conditions, aromatic dinitrile compounds, NC-C6H4-X-C6H4-CN (X = NMe, O, CH2), underwent cyclic trimerization of the cyano groups at both ends to give a series of triazine-containing oligomers. The oligomers can be expressed as (2n + 1) mer, where n represents the number of triazine rings in the oligomer. The absorption maximum of an amine-conjugated trimer (X = NMe, n = 1) was outstandingly red-shifted as compared with those of the other trimers (X = CH2, O). In acidic media, the amine-conjugated trimer showed two-step bathochromic shifts caused by protonation. The absorption maxima of the amine-conjugated (2n + 1) mers (X = NMe, n = 1-4) did not depend on n; instead, shoulder peaks appeared in the long-wavelength region when n 2. The oligomers involving alternate conjugation of triazines and NMe groups through phenylene groups showed strong fluorescence in chloroform. In particular, the pentamer was the most efficient blue emitter (PhiF = 0.82). The other triazine-containing oligomers (X = CH2, O) did not show fluorescence at all. Therefore, it is concluded that the emission properties are due to the strong electron-donating and accepting abilities of the NMe and triazine moieties, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Murase
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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