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Shovsky A, Varga I, Makuska R, Claesson PM. Formation and stability of water-soluble, molecular polyelectrolyte complexes: effects of charge density, mixing ratio, and polyelectrolyte concentration. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:6113-21. [PMID: 19371031 DOI: 10.1021/la804189w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The formation of complexes with stoichiometric (1:1) as well as nonstoichiometric (2:1) and (1:2) compositions between oppositely charged synthetic polyelectrolytes carrying strong ionic groups and significantly different molecular weights is reported in this contribution. Poly(sodium styrenesulfonate) (NaPSS) was used as polyanion, and a range of copolymers with various molar ratios of the poly(methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium) chloride, poly(METAC), and the nonionic poly(ethylene oxide) ether methacrylate, poly(PEO45MEMA), were used as polycations. Formation and stability of PECs have been investigated by dynamic and static light scattering (LS), turbidity, and electrophoretic mobility measurements as a function of polyelectrolyte solution concentration, charge density of the cationic polyelectrolyte, and mixing ratio. The data obtained demonstrate that in the absence of PEO45 side chains the 100% charged polymer (polyMETAC) formed insoluble PECs with PSS that precipitate from solution when exact stoichiometry is achieved. In nonstoichiometric complexes (1:2) and (2:1) large colloidally stable aggregates were formed. The presence of even a relatively small amount of PEO45 side chains (25%) in the cationic copolymer was sufficient for preventing precipitation of the formed stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric complexes. These PEC's are sterically stabilized by the PEO45 chains. By further increasing the PEO45 side-chain content (50 and 75%) of the cationic copolymer, small, water-soluble molecular complexes could be formed. The data suggest that PSS molecules and the charged backbone of the cationic brush form a compact core, and with sufficiently high PEO45 chain density (above 25%) molecular complexes are formed that are stable over prolonged times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Shovsky
- Department of Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science, Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas vag 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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54
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Lindhoud S, Norde W, Cohen Stuart MA. Reversibility and Relaxation Behavior of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelle Formation. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:5431-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp809489f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Lindhoud
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Norde
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien A. Cohen Stuart
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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55
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Voets IK, de Keizer A, Cohen Stuart MA. Complex coacervate core micelles. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2009; 147-148:300-18. [PMID: 19038373 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2008.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2008] [Revised: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this review we present an overview of the literature on the co-assembly of neutral-ionic block, graft, and random copolymers with oppositely charged species in aqueous solution. Oppositely charged species include synthetic (co)polymers of various architectures, biopolymers - such as proteins, enzymes and DNA - multivalent ions, metallic nanoparticles, low molecular weight surfactants, polyelectrolyte block copolymer micelles, metallo-supramolecular polymers, equilibrium polymers, etcetera. The resultant structures are termed complex coacervate core/polyion complex/block ionomer complex/interpolyelectrolyte complex micelles (or vesicles); i.e., in short C3Ms (or C3Vs) and PIC, BIC or IPEC micelles (and vesicles). Formation, structure, dynamics, properties, and function will be discussed. We focus on experimental work; theory and modelling will not be discussed. Recent developments in applications and micelles with heterogeneous coronas are emphasized.
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57
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Voets IK, Moll PM, Aqil A, Jérôme C, Detrembleur C, Waard PD, Keizer AD, Stuart MAC. Temperature Responsive Complex Coacervate Core Micelles With a PEO and PNIPAAm Corona. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:10833-40. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8014832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilja K. Voets
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium, and Wageningen NMR Centre, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Puck M. Moll
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium, and Wageningen NMR Centre, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Abdelhafid Aqil
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium, and Wageningen NMR Centre, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Jérôme
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium, and Wageningen NMR Centre, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium, and Wageningen NMR Centre, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter de Waard
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium, and Wageningen NMR Centre, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arie de Keizer
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium, and Wageningen NMR Centre, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien A. Cohen Stuart
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium, and Wageningen NMR Centre, Wageningen University, Dreijenlaan 3, 6703 HA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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58
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Voets IK, de Vos WM, Hofs B, de Keizer A, Conhen Stuart MA, Steitz R, Lott D. Internal structure of a thin film of mixed polymeric micelles on a solid/liquid interface. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:6937-45. [PMID: 18489139 DOI: 10.1021/jp709758p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption of mixed micelles of poly(4-(2-amino hydrochloride-ethylthio)-butylene)- block-poly(ethylene oxide), PAETB 49- b-PEO 212 and poly(4-(2-sodium carboxylate-ethylthio)-butylene)- block-poly(ethylene oxide), PCETB 47- b-PEO 212 on solid/liquid interfaces has been studied with light, X-ray, and neutron reflectometry. The structure of the adsorbed layer can be described with a two-layer model consisting of an inner layer formed by the coacervate of the polyelectrolyte blocks PAETB 49 and PCETB 47 ( approximately 1 nm) and an outer layer of PEO 212 blocks ( approximately 6 nm). The micelles unfold upon adsorption forming a rather homogeneous flat layer that exposes its polyethylene oxide chains into the solution, thus rendering the surface antifouling after modification with the micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilja K Voets
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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60
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Hofs B, Keizer AD, Stuart MAC. On the Stability of (Highly Aggregated) Polyelectrolyte Complexes Containing a Charged-block-Neutral Diblock Copolymer. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:5621-7. [PMID: 17474774 DOI: 10.1021/jp0714318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Using light scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, we show that highly aggregated polyelectrolyte complexes (HAPECs) composed of poly([4-(2-aminoethylthio)butylene] hydrochloride)49-block-poly(ethylene oxide)212 and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) of varying lengths (140, 160, and 2000 monomeric units) are metastable or unstable if the method of preparation is direct mixing of two solutions containing the oppositely charged components. The stability of the resulting HAPECs decreases with decreasing neutral-block content and with increasing deviation from 1:1 mixing (expressed in number of chargeable groups) of the oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, most probably for electrostatic reasons. The difference between the metastable and stable states, obtained with pH titrations, increases with increasing PAA length and increasing pH mismatch between the two solutions with the oppositely charged components.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hofs
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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