51
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Chien YH, Wang CH, Liu CC, Chang SH, Kong KV, Chang YC. Large-Scale Nanofabrication of Designed Nanostructures Using Angled Nanospherical-Lens Lithography for Surface Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:24917-24925. [PMID: 28671812 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanophotonics has been a focused research discipline for the past decade and has resulted in many novel concepts that promise to change human life. However, the actual penetration of this research into real products is severely limited mostly due to the slow development of economic nanofabrication. In this study, we have demonstrated a versatile and low-cost nanofabrication method referred to as "angled nanospherical-lens lithography (A-NLL)", which is able to produce large-scale and periodic nanopatterns. The nanopatterns designed within a two-dimensional polar chart can be carefully fabricated on the substrate. The fabricated patterns easily cover an area larger than 1 cm2, which is beneficial as platforms for surface enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) where an expensive and bulky IR microscope is not required. We believe that the proposed A-NLL method is ideal for industrialization of future nanophotonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsin Chien
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11526, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Han Wang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11526, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ching Liu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11526, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hui Chang
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Kien Voon Kong
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chorng Chang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11526, Taiwan
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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52
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Yang H, Li G, Su X, Cao G, Zhao Z, Yu F, Chen X, Lu W. Annihilating optical angular momentum and realizing a meta-waveplate with anomalous functionalities. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:16907-16915. [PMID: 28789190 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.016907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the polarization states of electromagnetic waves, a fundamental issue in optics, has attracted intense attention. However, most of the reported devices are either so bulky or with specific functionalities. Here we propose a conceptually new approach to design an ultra-thin meta-waveplate (MWP) with anomalous functionalities. By elaborately designing the structural units of the metasurface, the incident right circular polarized (CP) light carrying spin angular momentum can be coupled into two surface plasmon modes with opposite orbital angular momenta which interaction with each other in the near-field, degenerating to a linear polarized (LP) light in the far-filed. The incoming spin angular momentum is annihilated and the designed MWP can function as a quarter-waveplate. However, compared with the conventional quarter-waveplates, our designed MWP owns the unidirectional function (only converting CP light to LP light) with a certain output polarization angle, which provides an extra degree of freedoms in controlling the polarization. Moreover, the designed MWP can function as a chiral material and exhibiting optical rotation properties within a broad bandwidth.
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53
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Mototsuji A, Shoji T, Wakisaka Y, Murakoshi K, Yao H, Tsuboi Y. Plasmonic optical trapping of nanometer-sized J- /H- dye aggregates as explored by fluorescence microspectroscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:13617-13625. [PMID: 28788904 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.013617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we explored plasmonic optical trapping (POT) of nanometer-sized organic crystals, carbocyanine dye aggregates (JC-1). JC-1 dye forms both J- and H- aggregates in aqueous solution. POT behavior was analyzed using fluorescence microspectroscopy. POT of JC-1 aggregates was realized in an increase in their fluorescence intensity from the focus area upon plasmon excitation. Repeating on-and-off plasmonic excitation resulted in POT of JC-1 aggregates in a trap-and-release mode. Such POT of nanometer-sized dye aggregates lying in a Rayleigh scattering regime (< 100 nm) is important toward molecular manipulation. Furthermore, interestingly, we found that the J-aggregates were preferentially trapped than H-aggregates. It possibly indicates semi-selective optical trapping of nanoparticles on the basis of molecular alignments.
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54
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Baker JE, Badman RP, Wang MD. Nanophotonic trapping: precise manipulation and measurement of biomolecular arrays. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 10. [PMID: 28439980 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Optical trapping is a powerful and widely used laboratory technique in the biological and materials sciences that enables rapid manipulation and measurement at the nanometer scale. However, expanding the analytical throughput of this technique beyond the serial capabilities of established single-trap microscope-based optical tweezers remains a current goal in the field. In recent years, advances in nanotechnology have been leveraged to create innovative optical trapping methods that increase the number of available optical traps and permit parallel manipulation and measurement of arrays of optically trapped targets. In particular, nanophotonic trapping holds significant promise for integration with other lab-on-a-chip technologies to yield compact, robust analytical devices. In this review, we highlight progress in nanophotonic manipulation and measurement, as well as the potential for implementing these on-chip functionalities in biological research and biomedical applications. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2018, 10:e1477. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1477 This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Baker
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Department of Physics - LASSP, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ryan P Badman
- Department of Physics - LASSP, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Michelle D Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Department of Physics - LASSP, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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55
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Tan Q, Guo Q, Liu H, Huang X, Zhang S. Controlling the plasmonic orbital angular momentum by combining the geometric and dynamic phases. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:4944-4949. [PMID: 28368060 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00124j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The tunable orbit angular momentum (OAM) of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is theoretically studied with appropriately designed metasurfaces. By controlling both the orientation angle and the spatial position of a nano aperture array on an ultrathin gold film, the field distributions of the surface waves can be engineered to contain both spin dependent and independent OAM components. Simultaneous control over the geometric phase and the optical path difference induced phase (dynamic phase) provides extra degrees of freedom for manipulating the OAM of SPPs. We show that an arbitrary combination of OAM numbers can be realized for the SPPs excited by incident light of different circular polarizations. Our results provide powerful control over the OAM of SPPs, which will have potential applications in optical trapping, imaging, communications and even quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Tan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Special Fiber Photonic Devices and Applications, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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56
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Spektor G, Kilbane D, Mahro AK, Frank B, Ristok S, Gal L, Kahl P, Podbiel D, Mathias S, Giessen H, Meyer Zu Heringdorf FJ, Orenstein M, Aeschlimann M. Revealing the subfemtosecond dynamics of orbital angular momentum in nanoplasmonic vortices. Science 2017; 355:1187-1191. [PMID: 28302854 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaj1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The ability of light to carry and deliver orbital angular momentum (OAM) in the form of optical vortices has attracted much interest. The physical properties of light with a helical wavefront can be confined onto two-dimensional surfaces with subwavelength dimensions in the form of plasmonic vortices, opening avenues for thus far unknown light-matter interactions. Because of their extreme rotational velocity, the ultrafast dynamics of such vortices remained unexplored. Here we show the detailed spatiotemporal evolution of nanovortices using time-resolved two-photon photoemission electron microscopy. We observe both long- and short-range plasmonic vortices confined to deep subwavelength dimensions on the scale of 100 nanometers with nanometer spatial resolution and subfemtosecond time-step resolution. Finally, by measuring the angular velocity of the vortex, we directly extract the OAM magnitude of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Spektor
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - D Kilbane
- Department of Physics and State Research Center for Optics and Materials Sciences (OPTIMAS), University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.,School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - A K Mahro
- Department of Physics and State Research Center for Optics and Materials Sciences (OPTIMAS), University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - B Frank
- 4th Physics Institute and Stuttgart Center of Photonics Engineering (SCoPE), University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - S Ristok
- 4th Physics Institute and Stuttgart Center of Photonics Engineering (SCoPE), University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - L Gal
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - P Kahl
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1-21, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - D Podbiel
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1-21, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - S Mathias
- Department of Physics and State Research Center for Optics and Materials Sciences (OPTIMAS), University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.,I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - H Giessen
- 4th Physics Institute and Stuttgart Center of Photonics Engineering (SCoPE), University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - F-J Meyer Zu Heringdorf
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1-21, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
| | - M Orenstein
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel.
| | - M Aeschlimann
- Department of Physics and State Research Center for Optics and Materials Sciences (OPTIMAS), University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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57
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Huang CB(R. Optical Metasurface for the Creation and Applications of Surface Plasmon Vortices. JSAP-OSA JOINT SYMPOSIA 2017 ABSTRACTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1364/jsap.2017.8a_a409_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Optical vortices are waves carrying orbital angular momentum and exhibit helical phase fronts. Helical phase front leads to discontinuous azimuthal phase jumps and the number of phase discontinuities (abrupt phase jumps from −π to π) within a 2π range is referred to as the topological charge of an optical vortex. Optical vortices have been applied in trapping and spinning of microparticles, and recently in free-space data transmission. Generation of optical beams carrying orbital angular momentum has received increasing attentions recently, both in the far-field and in the near-field. Near-field vortices are typically generated through the excitation of surface plasmons (SP). However, the intensity patterns of the SP vortices generated thus far, just like the free-space vortex beams, are all azimuthally symmetrical (annular) since mathematically they conform to the Bessel function.
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58
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Wang Y, Zhao P, Feng X, Xu Y, Liu F, Cui K, Zhang W, Huang Y. Dynamically sculpturing plasmonic vortices: from integer to fractional orbital angular momentum. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36269. [PMID: 27811986 PMCID: PMC5095654 DOI: 10.1038/srep36269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
As a fundamental tool for light-matter interactions, plasmonic vortex (PV) is extremely useful due to the unique near field property. However, it is a pity that, up to now, the orbital angular momentum (OAM) carried by PVs could not be dynamically and continuously tuned in practice as well as the properties of fractional PVs are still not well investigated. By comparing with two previously reported methods, it is suggested that our proposal of utilizing the propagation induced radial phase gradient of incident Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam is a promising candidate to sculpture PVs from integer to fractional OAM dynamically. Consequently, the preset OAM of PVs could have four composing parts: the incident spin and orbital angular momentum, the geometric contribution of chiral plasmonic structure, and the radial phase gradient dependent contribution. Moreover, an analytical expression for the fractional PV is derived as a linear superposition of infinite numbers of integer PVs described by Bessel function of the first kind. It is also shown that the actual mean OAM of a fractional PV would deviate from the preset value, which is similar with previous results for spatial fractional optical vortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuntao Xu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyu Cui
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yidong Huang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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59
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Jiang Q, Pham A, Huant S, Bellessa J, Genet C, Drezet A. Highly efficient singular surface plasmon generation by achiral apertures. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:4534-4537. [PMID: 27749874 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.004534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a highly efficient generation of singular surface plasmon (SP) fields by an achiral plasmonic structure consisting of Λ-shaped apertures. Our quantitative analysis, based on leakage radiation microscopy (LRM), demonstrates that the induced spin-orbit coupling can be tuned by adjusting the apex angle of the Λ-shaped aperture. Specifically, the array of Λ-shaped apertures with the apex angle 60° is shown to give rise to the directional coupling efficiency. The ring of Λ-shaped apertures with the apex angle 60° was found to generate the maximum extinction ratio (ER=11) for the SP singularities between two different polarization states. This result provides a more efficient way for developing an SP focusing and an SP vortex in the field of nanophotonics such as optical tweezers.
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60
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Han DD, Zhang YL, Ma JN, Liu YQ, Han B, Sun HB. Light-Mediated Manufacture and Manipulation of Actuators. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:8328-8343. [PMID: 27435292 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have seen a considerable growth of research interests in developing novel technologies that permit designable manufacture and controllable manipulation of actuators. Among various fabrication and driving strategies, light has emerged as an enabler to reach this end, contributing to the development of actuators. Several accessible light-mediated manufacturing technologies, such as ultraviolet (UV) lithography and direct laser writing (DLW), are summarized. A series of light-driven strategies including optical trapping, photochemical actuation, and photothermal actuation for controllable manipulation of actuators is introduced. Current challenges and future perspectives of this field are discussed. To generalize, light holds great promise for the development of actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Lai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Jia-Nan Ma
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Jiefang Road 119, Changchun, 130023, P. R. China.
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61
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Li M, Yan S, Yao B, Liang Y, Zhang P. Spinning and orbiting motion of particles in vortex beams with circular or radial polarizations. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:20604-20612. [PMID: 27607664 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.020604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Focusing fields of optical vortex (OV) beams with circular or radial polarizations carry both spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), and can realize non-axial spinning and orbiting motion of absorptive particles. Using the T-matrix method, we evaluate the optical forces and torques exerted on micro-sized particles induced by the OV beams. Numerical results demonstrate that the particle is trapped on the circle of intensity maxima, and experiences a transverse spin torque along azimuthal direction, a longitudinal spin torque, and an orbital torque, respectively. The direction of spinning motion is not only related to the sign of topological charge of the OV beam, but also to the polarization state. However, the topological charge controls the direction of orbiting motion individually. Optically induced rotations of particles with varying sizes and absorptivity are investigated in OV beams with different topological charges and polarization states. These results may be exploited in practical optical manipulation, especially for optically induced rotations of micro-particles.
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62
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Lai YC, Cheng BH, Lan YC, Tsai DP. Plasmonic Archimedean spiral modes on concentric metal ring gratings. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:15021-15028. [PMID: 27410653 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.015021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic Archimedean spiral modes on concentric silver (Ag) ring gratings are investigated by FDTD simulations and theoretical analyses. These modes are generated by placing the ring grating under an Ag nanorod to extract the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of spiral surface plasmon (SSP) modes on the nanorod and transform it into the orbital motion of SP on the grating. The formation of Archimedean spiral patterns is ascribed to two factors: both the r- and θ-directional wavevectors are conserved for SSP on nanorod coupling into SP on ring grating and both the r- and θ-directional velocities of SP keep unchanged when it propagates on the ring grating. The number of strands of Archimedean spiral pattern is determined by the topological charge of SSP mode. The plasmonic Archimedean spiral modes have potential applications in the fields of data storage, dielectric microparticle manipulation, biosensing and directional switching.
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63
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Chen J, Wang N, Cui L, Li X, Lin Z, Ng J. Optical Twist Induced by Plasmonic Resonance. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27927. [PMID: 27291860 PMCID: PMC4904272 DOI: 10.1038/srep27927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Harvesting light for optical torque is of significant importance, owing to its ability to rotate nano- or micro-objects. Nevertheless, applying a strong optical torque remains a challenging task: angular momentum must conserve but light is limited. A simple argument shows the tendency for two objects with strong mutual scattering or light exchange to exhibit a conspicuously enhanced optical torque without large extinction or absorption cross section. The torque on each object is almost equal but opposite, which we called optical twist. The effect is quite significant for plasmonic particle cluster, but can also be observed in structures with other morphologies. Such approach exhibits an unprecedentedly large torque to light extinction or absorption ratio, enabling limited light to exert a relatively large torque without severe heating. Our work contributes to the understanding of optical torque and introduces a novel way to manipulate the internal degrees of freedom of a structured particle cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Theoretical Physics and Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Shanxi, China
| | - Neng Wang
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyong Cui
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhifang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jack Ng
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Computational and Theoretical Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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64
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Liao WC, Liao SW, Chen KJ, Hsiao YH, Chang SW, Kuo HC, Shih MH. Optimized Spiral Metal-Gallium-Nitride Nanowire Cavity for Ultra-High Circular Dichroism Ultraviolet Lasing at Room Temperature. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26578. [PMID: 27220650 PMCID: PMC4879524 DOI: 10.1038/srep26578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Circularly polarized laser sources with small footprints and high efficiencies can possess advanced functionalities in optical communication and biophotonic integrated systems. However, the conventional lasers with additional circular-polarization converters are bulky and hardly compatible with nanophotonic circuits, and most active chiral plasmonic nanostructures nowadays exhibit broadband emission and low circular dichroism. In this work, with spirals of gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires (NWRs) covered by a metal layer, we demonstrated an ultrasmall semiconductor laser capable of emitting circularly-polarized photons. The left- and right-hand spiral metal nanowire cavities with varied periods were designed at ultraviolet wavelengths to achieve the high quality factor circular dichroism metastructures. The dissymmetry factors characterizing the degrees of circular polarizations of the left- and right-hand chiral lasers were 1.4 and −1.6 (±2 if perfectly circular polarized), respectively. The results show that the chiral cavities with only 5 spiral periods can achieve lasing signals with the high degrees of circular polarizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Liao
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Liao
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ju Chen
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hao Hsiao
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Chang
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.,Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chung Kuo
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiung Shih
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.,Research Center for Applied Sciences (RCAS), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Photonics, National Sun Yat-sen University (NSYSU), Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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65
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Wang Y, Xu Y, Feng X, Zhao P, Liu F, Cui K, Zhang W, Huang Y. Optical lattice induced by angular momentum and polygonal plasmonic mode. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:1478-1481. [PMID: 27192266 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.001478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of plasmonic devices are proposed to generate multipatterned and two-dimensional optical lattices with or without helicity. Both the spin and orbital angular momentum of incident beam together with the excited polygonal plasmonic mode contribute to the formation of optical lattices due to the spin-orbit coupling. The impact of the mode property of incident beams on lattice pattern deforming is also discussed. Due to the compactness and flexible tunability, we believe that this work would facilitate the utilization of optical lattices in various on-chip applications.
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66
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Far-field radially polarized focal spot from plasmonic spiral structure combined with central aperture antenna. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23751. [PMID: 27009383 PMCID: PMC4806319 DOI: 10.1038/srep23751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Manipulation of a vector micro-beam with an optical antenna has significant potentials for nano-optical technology applications including bio-optics, optical fabrication, and quantum information processing. We have designed and demonstrated a central aperture antenna within an Archimedean spiral that extracts the bonding plasmonic field from a surface to produce a new vector focal spot in far-field. The properties of this vector focal field are revealed by confocal microscopy and theoretical simulations. The pattern, polarization and phase of the focal field are determined by the incident light and by the chirality of the Archimedean spiral. For incident light with right-handed circular polarization, the left-handed spiral (one-order chirality) outputs a micro-radially polarized focal field. Our results reveal the relationship between the near-field and far-field distributions of the plasmonic spiral structure, and the structure has the potential to lead to advances in diverse applications such as plasmonic lenses, near-field angular momentum detection, and optical tweezers.
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Tsuboi Y. Plasmonic optical tweezers: A long arm and a tight grip. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 11:5-6. [PMID: 26524395 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2015.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Tsuboi
- School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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68
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Zong Y, Liu J, Liu R, Guo H, Yang M, Li Z, Chen K. An Optically Driven Bistable Janus Rotor with Patterned Metal Coatings. ACS NANO 2015; 9:10844-10851. [PMID: 26481901 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bistable rotation is realized for a gold-coated Janus colloidal particle in an infrared optical trap. The metal coating on the Janus particles are patterned by sputtering gold on a monolayer of closely packed polystyrene particles. The Janus particle is observed to stably rotate in an optical trap. Both the direction and the rate of rotation can be experimentally controlled. Numerical calculations reveal that the bistable rotation is the result of spontaneous symmetry breaking induced by the uneven curvature of the coating patterns on the Janus sphere. Our results thus provide a simple method to construct large quantities of fully functional rotary motors for nano- or microdevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwu Zong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Honglian Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mingcheng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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69
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Wang M, Li H, Gao D, Gao L, Xu J, Qiu CW. Radiation pressure of active dispersive chiral slabs. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:16546-16553. [PMID: 26191666 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.016546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a mechanism to obtain optical pulling or pushing forces exerted on the active dispersive chiral media. Electromagnetic wave equations for the pure chiral media using constitutive relations containing dispersive Drude models are numerically solved by means of Auxiliary Differential Equation Finite Difference Time Domain (ADE-FDTD) method. This method allows us to access the time averaged Lorentz force densities exerted on the magnetoelectric coupling chiral slabs via the derivation of bound electric and magnetic charge densities, as well as bound electric and magnetic current densities. Due to the continuously coupled cross-polarized electromagnetic waves, we find that the pressure gradient force is engendered on the active chiral slabs under a plane wave incidence. By changing the material parameters of the slabs, the total radiation pressure exerted on a single slab can be directed either along the propagation direction or in the opposite direction. This finding provides a promising avenue for detecting the chirality of materials by optical forces.
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70
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Origin and Future of Plasmonic Optical Tweezers. NANOMATERIALS 2015; 5:1048-1065. [PMID: 28347051 PMCID: PMC5312911 DOI: 10.3390/nano5021048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic optical tweezers can overcome the diffraction limits of conventional optical tweezers and enable the trapping of nanoscale objects. Extension of the trapping and manipulation of nanoscale objects with nanometer position precision opens up unprecedented opportunities for applications in the fields of biology, chemistry and statistical and atomic physics. Potential applications include direct molecular manipulation, lab-on-a-chip applications for viruses and vesicles and the study of nanoscale transport. This paper reviews the recent research progress and development bottlenecks and provides an overview of possible future directions in this field.
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71
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Chen CF, Ku CT, Tai YH, Wei PK, Lin HN, Huang CB. Creating optical near-field orbital angular momentum in a gold metasurface. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:2746-50. [PMID: 25798810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanocavities inscribed in a gold thin film are optimized and designed to form a metasurface. We demonstrate both numerically and experimentally the creation of surface plasmon (SP) vortex carrying orbital angular momentum in the metasurface under linearly polarized optical excitation that carries no optical angular momentum. Moreover, depending on the orientation of the exciting linearly polarized light, we show that the metasurface is capable of providing dynamic switching between SP vortex formation or SP subwavelength focusing. The resulting SP intensities are experimentally measured using a near-field scanning optical microscope and are found in excellent quantitative agreements as compared to the numerical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Fu Chen
- †Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ta Ku
- †Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Tai
- ‡Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Kuen Wei
- ‡Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Heh-Nan Lin
- §Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Bin Huang
- †Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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72
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Imakita K, Kamada T, Kamatani JI, Mizuhata M, Fujii M. Room temperature direct imprinting of porous glass prepared from phase-separated glass. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:255304. [PMID: 26043945 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/25/255304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work describes a room-temperature imprinting of nanoporous glass prepared by selective chemical etching of phase-separated glass. A highly porous (58%) and highly transparent (>90%) porous glass layer can be formed on a transparent phase-separated glass substrate. It is shown that the lateral resolution of the imprinting is a few tens of nanometers. As the porosity increases, the imprint depth increases and reaches up to 90% of the height of the mold pattern. The porous glass has a wider transmittance window (300-2700 nm) and a higher thermal durability (~500 °C) than other materials used for imprinting. The technique has various potential applications such as diffraction optical elements, waveguides, biosensors, and microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Imakita
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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73
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Liang Y, Wu HW, Huang BJ, Huang XG. Light beams with selective angular momentum generated by hybrid plasmonic waveguides. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:12360-5. [PMID: 25192324 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr03606a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report an integrated compact technique that can "spin" and "twist" light on a silicon photonics platform, with the generated light beams possessing both spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM). It demonstrates the potential of SAM/OAM optics for on-chip integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liang
- School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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74
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Ndukaife JC, Mishra A, Guler U, Nnanna AGA, Wereley ST, Boltasseva A. Photothermal heating enabled by plasmonic nanostructures for electrokinetic manipulation and sorting of particles. ACS NANO 2014; 8:9035-43. [PMID: 25144369 DOI: 10.1021/nn502294w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures support strong electromagnetic field enhancement or optical "hot spots" that are accompanied by local heat generation. This heating effect is generally seen as an obstacle to stable trapping of particles on a plasmonic substrate. In this work, instead of treating the heating effect as a hindrance, we utilized the collective photoinduced heating of the nanostructure array for high-throughput trapping of particles on a plasmonic nanostructured substrate. The photoinduced heating of the nanostructures is combined with an ac electric field of less than 100 kHz, which results in creation of a strong electrothermal microfluidic flow. This flow rapidly transports suspended particles toward the plasmonic substrate, where they are captured by local electric field effects. This work is envisioned to have application in biosensing and surface-enhanced spectroscopies such as SERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus Chukwunonso Ndukaife
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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75
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Shoji T, Tsuboi Y. Plasmonic Optical Tweezers toward Molecular Manipulation: Tailoring Plasmonic Nanostructure, Light Source, and Resonant Trapping. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:2957-67. [PMID: 26278243 DOI: 10.1021/jz501231h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective describes recent progress in optical trappings of nanoparticles based on localized surface plasmon. This plasmonic optical trapping has great advantages over the conventional optical tweezers, being potentially applicable for a molecular manipulation technique. We review this novel trapping technique from the viewpoints of (i) plasmonic nanostructure, (ii) the light source for plasmon excitation, and (iii) the polarizability of the trapping target. These findings give us future outlook for plasmonic optical trapping. In addition to a brief review, recent developments on plasmonic optical trapping of soft nanomaterials such as proteins, polymer chains, and DNA will be discussed to point out the important issue for further development on this trapping method. Finally, we explore new directions of plasmonic optical trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Shoji
- †Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Tsuboi
- †Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- ‡JST (Japan Science and Technology Cooperation), PRESTO, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
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76
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Liang Y, Huang X. Generation of two beams of light carrying spin and orbital angular momenta of opposite handedness. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:5074-5077. [PMID: 25166077 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.005074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new hybrid plasmonic structure that can generate two light beams carrying spin and orbital angular momenta of opposite handedness is proposed and numerically demonstrated. In this design, hybrid plasmonic sections are used to make light beams spin and twist, and a directional coupler structure with two output ports is used to generate opposite handedness. This design is expected to unlock the full potential of optical manipulation and quantum-information processing through effective usage of spin and orbital angular momenta.
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