51
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Mishra A, Jeong YJ, Jo JH, Kang SC, Kim H, Chi KW. Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly and Anticancer Potency Studies of Arene–Ruthenium-Based Molecular Metalla-Rectangles. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om401042m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Joon Jeong
- Department of Life Science, College of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Life Science, College of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 461-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunuk Kim
- Energy Materials and Convergence
Research Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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52
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Nazarov AA, Hartinger CG, Dyson PJ. Opening the lid on piano-stool complexes: An account of ruthenium(II)–arene complexes with medicinal applications. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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53
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Fernández-Palacio F, Restrepo J, Gálvez S, Gómez-Sal P, Mosquera MEG. Functionalized aminocarboxylate moieties as linkers for coordination polymers: influence of the substituents in the dimensionality of the final structure. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42615g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The OH group in the ring hampers the generation of CPs due to the formation of strong intermolecular interaction motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jimmy Restrepo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Alcalá
- E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Santos Gálvez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Alcalá
- E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Pilar Gómez-Sal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Alcalá
- E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Marta E. G. Mosquera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica
- Universidad de Alcalá
- E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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54
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Mishra A, Gupta R. Supramolecular architectures with pyridine-amide based ligands: discrete molecular assemblies and their applications. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:7668-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00277f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This perspective offers an overview on the recent progress achieved in the design of discrete molecular assemblies utilizing assorted pyridine-amide based ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mishra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology – Kanpur
- Kanpur – 208016, India
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi – 110 007, India
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55
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Mishra A, Ravikumar S, Song YH, Prabhu NS, Kim H, Hong SH, Cheon S, Noh J, Chi KW. A new arene–Ru based supramolecular coordination complex for efficient binding and selective sensing of green fluorescent protein. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:6032-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt53186d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A new synthesized arene di-ruthenium based metallacycle binds to the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) variant of GFP with high binding affinity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mishra
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sambandam Ravikumar
- Department of Chemical and Bioengineering
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Catholic University of Daegu
| | - Young Ho Song
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyunuk Kim
- Energy Materials and Convergence Research Department
- Korea Institute of Energy Research
- Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Ho Hong
- Department of Chemical and Bioengineering
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyeon Cheon
- Department of Chemistry
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133 791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaegeun Noh
- Department of Chemistry
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133 791, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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56
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Lewis JEM, Elliott ABS, McAdam CJ, Gordon KC, Crowley JD. ‘Click’ to functionalise: synthesis, characterisation and enhancement of the physical properties of a series of exo- and endo-functionalised Pd2L4nanocages. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc00434e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Facile CuAAC ‘click’ chemistry has been utilised toexo-functionalise Pd2L4host nanocages with electrochemically active, emissive and solubilising groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anastasia B. S. Elliott
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- New Zealand
| | - C. John McAdam
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Keith C. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin, New Zealand
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- New Zealand
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57
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Singh SK, Pandey DS. Multifaceted half-sandwich arene–ruthenium complexes: interactions with biomolecules, photoactivation, and multinuclearity approach. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44131h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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58
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Cook TR, Vajpayee V, Lee MH, Stang PJ, Chi KW. Biomedical and biochemical applications of self-assembled metallacycles and metallacages. Acc Chem Res 2013; 46:2464-74. [PMID: 23786636 PMCID: PMC3833955 DOI: 10.1021/ar400010v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metal ions and metal complexes with organic molecules are ubiquitous in nature. Bulk metal ions of Na, K, Mg, and Ca constitute as much as 1% of human body weight. The remaining trace ions, most commonly of Fe, Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn, Co, Mo, and V, make up ∼0.01% by weight, but their importance in biological processes cannot be overstated. Although nature is limited to the use of bioavailable metal ions, many rarer transition metals can elicit novel biological responses when they interact with biomolecules. For this reason, metal-biomolecule complexes are of interest in medicinal applications. A well-known example is cisplatin, which contains Pt, rare in nature, but highly effective in this context as an anticancer drug in the form of cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl2 and analogous Pt(II) complexes. This and other examples have led to strong interest in discovering new metalloanticancer drugs. In this Account, we describe recent developments in this area, particularly, using coordination-driven self-assembly to form tunable supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) with biomedical applications. Coordination-driven self-assembly describes the spontaneous formation of metal-ligand bonds in solution, transforming molecular building blocks into single, 2D metallacycles, or 3D metallacages depending on the directionality of the precursors used. Such SCCs have well-defined internal cavities and simple pre- or post-self-assembly functionalizations. They are highly tunable both spatially and electronically. Metal ions are necessary structural elements for the directional bonding approach, which can be exploited to provide biological activity to an SCC, particularly for Pt- and Ru-based structures. Since these two metals are not only among the most commonly used for coordination-driven self-assembly but are also the basis for a number of small molecule anticancer agents, researchers have evaluated a growing number of SCCs for their antitumor properties. The biological application of SCCs is still an emergent field of study, but the examples discussed in this Account confirm that supramolecular scaffolds have relevance to a wide variety of biochemical and biomedical targets. SCCs can serve as anticancer agents, act as selective sensors for biologically important analytes, or interact with DNA and proteins. The myriad of possible SCCs and their almost limitless modularity and tunability without significant synthetic penalty suggests that the biological applications of such species will continue along this already promising path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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59
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Mishra A, Kang SC, Chi KW. Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly of Arene-Ruthenium Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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60
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Mishra A, Kim H, Lee SC, Min J, Lee MH, Chi KW. Cadmium(II) and zinc(II) coordination polymers built with an ethynyl backbone containing an unsymmterical amide ligand: Syntheses, crystal structures, and photoluminescent properties. Inorganica Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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61
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Mishra A, Jung H, Lee MH, Lah MS, Chi KW. Synthesis and Characterization of Self-Assembled Nanoscopic Metallarectangles Capable of Binding Fullerenes with Size-Selective Responses. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:8573-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401685s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Soo Lah
- Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy, Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Korea
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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62
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Dubey A, Min JW, Koo HJ, Kim H, Cook TR, Kang SC, Stang PJ, Chi KW. Anticancer potency and multidrug-resistant studies of self-assembled arene-ruthenium metallarectangles. Chemistry 2013; 19:11622-8. [PMID: 23852626 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A suite of three tetraruthenium metallacycles have been obtained from [2+2] self-assemblies between N,N'-Di-(4-pyridyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarbo-xydiimide (4) and one of the three dinuclear arene ruthenium clips, (η(6)-p-iPrC6H4Me)2Ru2(OO∩OO)][OTf]2 (OO∩OO = oxalate 1, 2,5-dioxydo-1,4-benzoquinonato (dobq) 2, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthaquinonato (donq) 3; OTf = triflate). All complexes were isolated in good yield (>85 %) as triflate salts and were fully characterized by using (1)H NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopies, and high-resolution electrospray mass spectrometry. A single crystal of the metallarectangle 5 was suitable for X-ray diffraction structural characterization. The biological activities of the metallacycles were determined by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, establishing their in vitro anticancer properties. Our results show that for the AGC (gastric cancer) cell lines, the cytotoxicity of (donq)-containing SCC 7 exceeds that of cisplatin, which was used as a control. For HCT15 (colon cancer) cell lines, the cytotoxicity is comparable to both cisplatin and doxorubicin. An in vivo hollow fiber model was used to show growth-inhibitory activity against HCT15 and image-based cytometry experiments indicated that 7 induced apoptosis as the mode of cell death. Complex 7 also showed significant antitumor activity for multidrug-resistant HCT15/CLO2 cell lines, for which doxorubicin was ineffective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Dubey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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63
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Jung H, Dubey A, Koo HJ, Vajpayee V, Cook TR, Kim H, Kang SC, Stang PJ, Chi KW. Self-assembly of ambidentate pyridyl-carboxylate ligands with octahedral ruthenium metal centers: self-selection for a single-linkage isomer and anticancer-potency studies. Chemistry 2013; 19:6709-17. [PMID: 23536332 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of six new [2+2] metallarectangles through the coordination-driven self-assembly of octahedral Ru(II)-based acceptors with ambidentate pyridyl-carboxylate donors is described. These molecular rectangles are fully characterized by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution electrospray mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In each case, despite the possible formation of multiple isomers, based on the relative orientation of the pyridyl and carboxylate groups (head-to-head versus head-to-tail), evidence for the formation of a single preferred ensemble (head-to-tail) was found in the (1)H NMR spectra. Furthermore, the cytotoxicities of all of the rectangles were established against A549 (lung), AGS (gastric), HCT-15 (colon), and SK hep 1 (liver) human cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicities of rectangles that contained the 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthaquinonato bridging moiety between the Ru centers (9-11) were particularly high against AGS cancer cells, with IC50 values that were comparable to that of reference drug cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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64
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Vajpayee V, Lee SM, Park JW, Dubey A, Kim H, Cook TR, Stang PJ, Chi KW. Growth Inhibitory Activity of a Bis-benzimidazole-Bridged Arene Ruthenium Metalla-Rectangle and Prism. Organometallics 2013; 32:1563-1566. [PMID: 23580795 DOI: 10.1021/om301174s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Two new supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs), were obtained from the self-assembly of a new bis-benzimidazole bridged Ru acceptor, 4, with dipyridyl and tripyridyl donors, respectively. As part of a growing library of anticancer-active Ru-based SCCs, metalla-prism 6 selectively showed high cytotoxicities relative to cisplatin for a series of cancer cell lines, with IC50 values as low as 8.41 μM for MCF7 cells, as determined from MTS assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Vajpayee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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65
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Furrer MA, Garci A, Denoyelle-Di-Muro E, Trouillas P, Giannini F, Furrer J, Clavel CM, Dyson PJ, Süss-Fink G, Therrien B. Synthesis, Characterisation and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Hexanuclear Thiolato-Bridged Arene Ruthenium Metalla-Prisms. Chemistry 2013; 19:3198-203. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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66
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Hardy JG. Metallosupramolecular grid complexes: towards nanostructured materials with high-tech applications. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:7881-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60061k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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67
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Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of ammonium and imidazolium ionic liquids against T98G brain cancer cells. Molecules 2012; 17:13727-39. [PMID: 23174892 PMCID: PMC6268550 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171213727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Four ammonium and imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) have been synthesized and screened against the T98G cell line (brain cancer) and HEK normal cells. Treatment induced metabolic cell death (MTT), growth inhibition, clonogenic inhibition were studied as cellular response parameters. Treatment with ILs enhanced growth inhibition and cell death in a concentration dependent manner in both the T98G and HEK cell lines. At higher concentrations (>0.09 mg/mL) the cytotoxic effects of the ILs were highly significant. An inhibitory effect on clonogenic capacity was also observed after cell treatment. Amongst all ILs; IL 4 (BMIMCl) exhibited potent activity against T98G brain cancer cells. Despite potent in-vitro activity, all ILs exhibited less cytotoxicity against the normal human HEK cells at all effective concentrations.
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68
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Mishra A, Lee S, Kim H, Cook TR, Stang PJ, Chi KW. Selective detection of multicarboxylate anions based on "turn on" electron transfer by self-assembled molecular rectangles. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:2592-9. [PMID: 22927301 PMCID: PMC3481858 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Two new large molecular rectangles (4 and 5) were obtained by the reaction of two different dinuclear arene ruthenium complexes [Ru(2)(arene)(2)(OOOO)(2)Cl(2)] (arene = p-cymene; OOOO = 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinonato (2), 6,11-dihydroxy-5,12-naphthacene dionato (3)) with the unsymmetrical amide NN (N-[4-(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)phenyl]isonicotinamide) donor ligand 1 in methanol in the presence of AgO(3)SCF(3), forming tetranuclear cations of the general formula [Ru(4)(arene)(4)(NN)(2)(OOO O)(2)](4+). Both rectangles were isolated in good yields as triflate salts and were characterized by multinuclear NMR, ESI-MS, UV/Vis, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The crystal structure of 5 was determined by X-ray diffraction. Luminescent rectangle 5 was used for anion sensing with an amide ligand as a hydrogen-bond donor and an arene-ruthenium acceptor as a signaling unit. Rectangle 5 strongly bound multicarboxylate anions, such as oxalate, tartrate, and citrate, in UV/Vis titration experiments in 1:1 ratios, in contrast to monoanions, such as F(-), Cl(-), NO(3)(-), PF(6)(-), CH(3)COO(-), and C(6)H(5)COO(-). The fluorescence titration experiment showed a large fluorescence enhancement of 5 upon binding to multicarboxylate anions, which could be attributed to blocking of the photoinduced electron transfer process from the arene-ruthenium moiety to the amidic donor in 5; this was likely to be a result of hydrogen bonding between the ligand and the anion. On the other hand, rectangle 5 was not selective towards any other anions. To the naked eye, multicarboxylate anions in a solution of 5 in methanol appear greenish upon irradiation with UV light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunuk Kim
- Energy Materials and Convergence Research Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Timothy R. Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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69
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Vajpayee V, Lee S, Kim SH, Kang SC, Cook TR, Kim H, Kim DW, Verma S, Lah MS, Kim IS, Wang M, Stang PJ, Chi KW. Self-assembled metalla-rectangles bearing azodipyridyl ligands: synthesis, characterization and antitumor activity. Dalton Trans 2012; 42:466-75. [PMID: 23073144 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31014g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen arene-Ru based molecular-rectangles were self-assembled in high yields by the equimolar mixing of arene-Ru acceptors (Aa-Ad) with various azopyridyl ligands (1,2-di(pyridyl-4yl)diazene (L1), 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)hydrazine (L2), 1,2-bis(1-(pyridin-4-yl)ethylidene)hydrazine (L3), 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)hydrazine (L4)) in nitromethane-methanol solutions. These new molecular-rectangles were fully characterized by a host of analytical techniques including elemental analysis, (1)H and (13)C NMR and HR-ESI-MS. The solid-state structures of two molecular-rectangles (1b and 4d) were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction data. UV-visible and fluorescence studies were also carried out for the entire suite of rectangles. As with recent studies of similar arene-Ru complexes, the anti-proliferative activities of these complexes were evaluated against SK-hep-1 (liver cancer) and A-549 (lung cancer) human cancer lines. Additionally, the cellular pharmacology and intracellular localizations in AGS (gastric cancer) human cancer cells were determined for selected complexes (1c, 1d and 4c) by apoptosis and fluorescence microscopy studies. These studies confirm that arene-Ru molecular-rectangles inhibit cell cycle progression to the G0 phase, in contrast to that of cisplatin which arrests cell growth in the G2 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Vajpayee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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70
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Kaushik NK, Kim HS, Chae YJ, Lee YN, Kwon GC, Choi EH, Kim IT. Synthesis and anticancer activity of di(3-thienyl)methanol and di(3-thienyl)methane. Molecules 2012; 17:11456-68. [PMID: 23018921 PMCID: PMC6268370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171011456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Di(3-thienyl)methanol (2) and di(3-thienyl)methane (3) have been synthesized and screened against the T98G (brain cancer) cell line. Treatment induced cell death (MTT and macro-colony assay), growth inhibition, cytogenetic damage (micronuclei formation), were studied as cellular response parameters. Treatment with the compounds enhanced growth inhibition and cell death in a concentration dependent manner in both T98G and HEK (normal) cell lines. At higher concentrations (>20 µg/mL) the cytotoxic effects of the compounds were highly significant. The effect on clonogenic capacity and micronuclei formation observed after treatment of cells. Amongst the compounds, compound 2 exhibited potent activity against T98G brain cancer cells. Despite potent in vitro activity, both compounds exhibited less cytotoxicity against normal human HEK cells at all effective concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Seon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - Young June Chae
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - Young Nam Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - Gi-Chung Kwon
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - In Tae Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Korea
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +82-10-3795-1479; Fax: +82-2-909-1978
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71
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Sathyaraj G, Kiruthika M, Weyhermüller T, Unni Nair B. Oxidative Cleavage of DNA by Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing a Ferrocene/Non-Ferrocene Conjugated Imidazole Phenol Ligand. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3007882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Sathyaraj
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, CSIR, Adyar, Chennai
600020, India
| | - Mathiyalagan Kiruthika
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, CSIR, Adyar, Chennai
600020, India
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max-Planck Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, D-45470 Mülheim
an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Balachandran Unni Nair
- Chemical Laboratory, Central Leather Research Institute, CSIR, Adyar, Chennai
600020, India
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