51
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Filloux C, Rovis T. Rh(I)-bisphosphine-catalyzed asymmetric, intermolecular hydroheteroarylation of α-substituted acrylate derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:508-17. [PMID: 25545834 PMCID: PMC4304441 DOI: 10.1021/ja511445x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric hydroheteroarylation of alkenes represents a convenient entry to elaborated heterocyclic motifs. While chiral acids are known to mediate asymmetric addition of electron-rich heteroarenes to Michael acceptors, very few methods exploit transition metals to catalyze alkylation of heterocycles with olefins via a C-H activation, migratory insertion sequence. Herein, we describe the development of an asymmetric, intermolecular hydroheteroarylation reaction of α-substituted acrylates with benzoxazoles. The reaction provides 2-substitued benzoxazoles in moderate to excellent yields and good to excellent enantioselectivities. Notably, a series of mechanistic studies appears to contradict a pathway involving enantioselective protonation of a Rh(I)-enolate, despite the fact that such a mechanism is invoked almost unanimously in the related addition of aryl boronic acids to methacrylate derivatives. Evidence suggests instead that migratory insertion or beta-hydride elimination is enantiodetermining and that isomerization of a Rh(I)-enolate to a Rh(I)-heterobenzyl species insulates the resultant α-stereocenter from epimerization. A bulky ligand, CTH-(R)-Xylyl-P-Phos, is crucial for reactivity and enantioselectivity, as it likely discourages undesired ligation of benzoxazole substrates or intermediates to on- or off-cycle rhodium complexes and attenuates coordination-promoted product epimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire
M. Filloux
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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52
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Jean M, Casanova B, Gnoatto S, van de Weghe P. Strategy of total synthesis based on the use of Rh-catalyzed stereoselective 1,4-addition. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:9168-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01402f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In 1998, Hayashi and Miyaura reported the first asymmetric conjugate addition of aryl- and alkenyl-boronic acids to α,β-unsaturated ketones using chiral rhodium complexes as catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Jean
- Université de Rennes 1
- UMR CNRS 6226
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- Equipe PNSCM
- UFR des Sciences Biologiques et Pharmaceutiques
| | - B. Casanova
- Université de Rennes 1
- UMR CNRS 6226
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- Equipe PNSCM
- UFR des Sciences Biologiques et Pharmaceutiques
| | - S. Gnoatto
- Laboratório de Fitoquímica e Síntese Orgânica
- Faculdade de Farmácia
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
- Porto Alegre 90610-000
- Brazil
| | - P. van de Weghe
- Université de Rennes 1
- UMR CNRS 6226
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- Equipe PNSCM
- UFR des Sciences Biologiques et Pharmaceutiques
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53
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Caprioglio D, Fletcher SP. An alternative synthesis of the breast cancer drug fulvestrant (Faslodex®): catalyst control over C–C bond formation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14866-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report a four-step synthesis of the important breast cancer drug fulvestrant through a copper-catalyzed 1,6-addition that avoids Grignard reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Caprioglio
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- UK
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
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54
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Sarmah MM, Bhuyan D, Prajapati D. Indium-catalyzed microwave-accelerated pot economic C–C bond formation process towards the ‘dry-media’ synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14434a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Substituted pyrimidines can be constructed in good yields via a microwave-accelerated C–C bond formation process through Lewis acid catalysed Diels–Alder reaction from easily available uracil diene and electron deficient acetylene carboxylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas M. Sarmah
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-North-East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat
- India
| | - Debajyoti Bhuyan
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-North-East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat
- India
| | - Dipak Prajapati
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-North-East Institute of Science and Technology
- Jorhat
- India
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55
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The Future of Catalysis by Chiral Lewis Acids. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2015_141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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56
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Fang X, Wang CJ. Recent advances in asymmetric organocatalysis mediated by bifunctional amine–thioureas bearing multiple hydrogen-bonding donors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:1185-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07909d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in asymmetric organocatalysis, focusing on fine-tunable amine–thiourea catalysis, is described. Design of novel bifunctional amine–thiourea organocatalysts bearing multiple hydrogen-bonding donors and their applications in asymmetric C–C, C–N, and C–S bond-forming reactions under mild conditions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
| | - Chun-Jiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430072
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry
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57
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den Hartog T, Huang Y, Fañanás-Mastral M, Meuwese A, Rudolph A, Pérez M, Minnaard AJ, Feringa BL. On the Mechanism of Cu-Catalyzed Enantioselective Extended Conjugate Additions: A Structure-Based Approach. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501297s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim den Hartog
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen
, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yange Huang
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen
, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martín Fañanás-Mastral
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen
, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Meuwese
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen
, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alena Rudolph
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen
, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel Pérez
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen
, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan J. Minnaard
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen
, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG
Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen
, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG
Groningen, The Netherlands
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58
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Fàbregas M, Gómez-Palomino A, Pellicena M, Reina DF, Romea P, Urpí F, Font-Bardia M. Substrate-controlled Michael additions of chiral ketones to enones. Org Lett 2014; 16:6220-3. [PMID: 25423031 DOI: 10.1021/ol503133j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Substrate-controlled Michael additions of the titanium(IV) enolate of lactate-derived ketone 1 to acyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones in the presence of a Lewis acid (TiCl4 or SnCl4) provide the corresponding 2,4-anti-4,5-anti dicarbonyl compounds in good yields and excellent diastereomeric ratios. Likely, the nucleophilic species involved in such additions are bimetallic enolates that may add to enones through cyclic transition states. Finally, further studies indicate that a structurally related β-benzyloxy chiral ketone can also participate in such stereocontrolled conjugate additions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Fàbregas
- †Departament de Química Orgànica and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Gómez-Palomino
- †Departament de Química Orgànica and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Pellicena
- †Departament de Química Orgànica and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel F Reina
- †Departament de Química Orgànica and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pedro Romea
- †Departament de Química Orgànica and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fèlix Urpí
- †Departament de Química Orgànica and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mercè Font-Bardia
- ‡Unitat de Difracció de RX. CCiTUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Solé i Sabarís 1-3, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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59
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Ball-Jones NR, Badillo JJ, Tran NT, Franz AK. Catalytic enantioselective carboannulation with allylsilanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9462-5. [PMID: 25045133 PMCID: PMC4795922 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The first catalytic asymmetric carboannulation with allylsilanes is presented. The enantioselective [3+2] annulation is catalyzed using a scandium(III)/indapybox complex with tetrakis-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-borate (BArF) to enhance catalytic activity and control stereoselectivity. Functionalized cyclopentanes containing a quaternary carbon center are derived from alkylidene oxindole, coumarin, and malonate substrates with high stereoselectivity. The enantioselective 1,4-conjugate addition and enantioselective lactone formation (by trapping of the β-silyl carbocation) is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas R. Ball-Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (USA)
| | - Joseph J. Badillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (USA)
| | - Ngon T. Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (USA)
| | - Annaliese K. Franz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 (USA)
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60
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Zhang LD, Zhou TT, Qi SX, Xi J, Yang XL, Yao ZJ. Total Syntheses of Lycoposerramine-V and 5-epi-Lycoposerramine-V. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:2740-4. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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61
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Ball-Jones NR, Badillo JJ, Tran NT, Franz AK. Catalytic Enantioselective Carboannulation with Allylsilanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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62
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Sherwood T, Trotta AH, Snyder SA. A strategy for complex dimer formation when biomimicry fails: total synthesis of ten coccinellid alkaloids. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9743-53. [PMID: 24959981 PMCID: PMC4105056 DOI: 10.1021/ja5045852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although dimeric natural products can often be synthesized in the laboratory by directly merging advanced monomers, these approaches sometimes fail, leading instead to non-natural architectures via incorrect unions. Such a situation arose during our studies of the coccinellid alkaloids, when attempts to directly dimerize Nature's presumed monomeric precursors in a putative biomimetic sequence afforded only a non-natural analogue through improper regiocontrol. Herein, we outline a unique strategy for dimer formation that obviates these difficulties, one which rapidly constructs the coccinellid dimers psylloborine A and isopsylloborine A through a terminating sequence of two reaction cascades that generate five bonds, five rings, and four stereocenters. In addition, a common synthetic intermediate is identified which allows for the rapid, asymmetric formal or complete total syntheses of eight monomeric members of the class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor
C. Sherwood
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Adam H. Trotta
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Scott A. Snyder
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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63
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Maciver EE, Maksymowicz RM, Wilkinson N, Roth PMC, Fletcher SP. Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Alkylzirconium Reagents to α,β-Unsaturated Lactones. Org Lett 2014; 16:3288-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501292x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor E. Maciver
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield
Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Rebecca M. Maksymowicz
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield
Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Nancy Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield
Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Philippe M. C. Roth
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield
Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Stephen P. Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry,
Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield
Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K
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64
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Robinson JR, Fan X, Yadav J, Carroll PJ, Wooten AJ, Pericàs MA, Schelter EJ, Walsh PJ. Air- and Water-Tolerant Rare Earth Guanidinium BINOLate Complexes as Practical Precatalysts in Multifunctional Asymmetric Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:8034-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ja502568g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome R. Robinson
- P.
Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xinyuan Fan
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jagjit Yadav
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- P.
Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alfred J. Wooten
- P.
Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P.
Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- P.
Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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65
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Maleev VI, North M, Larionov VA, Fedyanin IV, Savel'yeva TF, Moscalenko MA, Smolyakov AF, Belokon YN. Chiral Octahedral Complexes of Cobalt(III) as “Organic Catalysts in Disguise” for the Asymmetric Addition of a Glycine Schiff Base Ester to Activated Olefins. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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66
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Qiu L, Gao L, Tang J, Wang D, Guo X, Liu S, Yang L, Li J, Hu W. Regio- and Diastereoselective Construction of α-Hydroxy-δ-amino Ester Derivatives via 1,4-Conjugate Addition of β,γ-Unsaturated N-Sulfonylimines. J Org Chem 2014; 79:4142-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500176g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qiu
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Lixin Gao
- National
Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research,Shanghai
Institute of MateriaMedica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jixing Tang
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shunying Liu
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jia Li
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
- National
Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research,Shanghai
Institute of MateriaMedica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Shanghai
Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug
Development, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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67
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Ricci A. Asymmetric organocatalysis at the service of medicinal chemistry. ISRN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2014; 2014:531695. [PMID: 24971178 PMCID: PMC4041019 DOI: 10.1155/2014/531695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The application of the most representative and up-to-date examples of homogeneous asymmetric organocatalysis to the synthesis of molecules of interest in medicinal chemistry is reported. The use of different types of organocatalysts operative via noncovalent and covalent interactions is critically reviewed and the possibility of running some of these reactions on large or industrial scale is described. A comparison between the organo- and metal-catalysed methodologies is offered in several cases, thus highlighting the merits and drawbacks of these two complementary approaches to the obtainment of very popular on market drugs or of related key scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Ricci
- Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, School of Science, University of Bologna, V. Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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68
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Sharma M, Bhuyan PJ. A mild process of carbon–carbon bond formation in aqueous medium: synthesis of bis(pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidinyl)methanes, a novel class of compounds. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00897a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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69
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Roth PMC, Sidera M, Maksymowicz RM, Fletcher SP. Copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of alkylzirconium reagents to cyclic enones to form quaternary centers. Nat Protoc 2013; 9:104-11. [PMID: 24336474 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2013.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This protocol describes the catalytic asymmetric formation of all-carbon quaternary centers--a distinctive feature of many natural products and pharmaceuticals--via conjugate addition of alkylzirconium reagents to a tertiary enone. This methodology uses alkenes as starting materials and enables the incorporation of functional groups. The alkylzirconium reagent is generated in situ by mixing the alkene with the Schwartz reagent. The alkylzirconium is added to a solution containing a copper-ligand complex, and then the enone is added to the mixture. The addition of pent-4-en-1-ylbenzene to 3-methyl-2-cyclohexenone is detailed herein as a generic example. This procedure works at room temperature (∼25 °C), and it is scalable to at least 1.5 g. The setup of the reaction takes 3-5 h and the reaction goes to completion within 4-20 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe M C Roth
- 1] Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, UK. [2]
| | - Mireia Sidera
- 1] Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, UK. [2]
| | - Rebecca M Maksymowicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen P Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, UK
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70
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Yasukawa T, Miyamura H, Kobayashi S. Chiral metal nanoparticle-catalyzed asymmetric C-C bond formation reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 43:1450-61. [PMID: 24309676 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60298b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chiral ligand-modified metal nanoparticles possess an attractive potential for application in asymmetric synthesis. This article focuses on chiral-nanoparticle-catalyzed asymmetric C-C bond formation reactions and discusses the nature of the active species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yasukawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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71
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Espinosa M, Blay G, Cardona L, Pedro JR. Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Malonate Esters to α,β-UnsaturatedN-Sulfonyl Imines: An Expeditious Route to Chiral δ-Aminoesters and Piperidones. Chemistry 2013; 19:14861-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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72
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Ferrocene phosphane–carbene ligands in Cu-catalyzed enantioselective 1,4-additions of Grignard reagents to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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73
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Belokon YN, Maleev VI, North M, Larionov VA, Savel’yeva TF, Nijland A, Nelyubina YV. Chiral Octahedral Complexes of CoIII As a Family of Asymmetric Catalysts Operating under Phase Transfer Conditions. ACS Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/cs400409d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri N. Belokon
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement
Compounds, 119991, Moscow, Vavilov 28, Russia
| | - Victor I. Maleev
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement
Compounds, 119991, Moscow, Vavilov 28, Russia
| | - Michael North
- School of Chemistry, Newcastle
University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United
Kingdom
| | - Vladimir A. Larionov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement
Compounds, 119991, Moscow, Vavilov 28, Russia
| | | | - Aike Nijland
- Stratingh Institute
for Chemistry,
University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuliya V. Nelyubina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement
Compounds, 119991, Moscow, Vavilov 28, Russia
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74
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Cheng J, Huang Z, Chi YR. NHC Organocatalytic Formal LUMO Activation of α,β-Unsaturated Esters for Reaction with Enamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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75
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Cheng J, Huang Z, Chi YR. NHC Organocatalytic Formal LUMO Activation of α,β-Unsaturated Esters for Reaction with Enamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8592-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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76
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Sidera M, Roth PMC, Maksymowicz RM, Fletcher SP. Formation of Quaternary Centers by Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Alkylzirconium Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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77
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Sidera M, Roth PMC, Maksymowicz RM, Fletcher SP. Formation of quaternary centers by copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of alkylzirconium reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7995-9. [PMID: 23780788 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201303202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Sidera
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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78
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Fernández-Mateos E, Maciá B, Yus M. Catalytic Enantioselective Addition of Alkyl Grignard Reagents to Aliphatic Aldehydes. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201201117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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79
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Šebesta R. Asymmetric Copper-catalyzed 1,4-Additions and Allylic Substitutions with Nucleophiles Formed by the Hydrometalation of Alkenes. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201200926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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80
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Blay G, Incerti C, Muñoz MC, Pedro JR. Enantioselective LaIII-pyBOX-Catalyzed Nitro-Michael Addition to (E)-2-Azachalcones. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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81
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Shrestha R, Dorn SCM, Weix DJ. Nickel-catalyzed reductive conjugate addition to enones via allylnickel intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:751-62. [PMID: 23270480 DOI: 10.1021/ja309176h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An alternative method to copper-catalyzed conjugate addition followed by enolate silylation for the synthesis of β-disubstituted silyl enol ether products (R(1)(R(2))HCCH═C(OSiR(4)(3))R(3)) is presented. This method uses haloarenes instead of nucleophilic aryl reagents. Nickel ligated to either neocuproine or bipyridine couples an α,β-unsaturated ketone or aldehyde (R(2)HC═CHC(O)R(3)) with an organic halide (R(1)-X) in the presence of a trialkylchlorosilane reagent (Cl-SiR(4)(3)). Reactions are assembled on the benchtop and tolerate a variety of functional groups (aldehyde, ketone, nitrile, sulfone, pentafluorosulfur, and N-aryltrifluoroacetamide), electron-rich iodoarenes, and electron-poor haloarenes. Mechanistic studies have confirmed the first example of a catalytic reductive conjugate addition of organic halides that proceeds via an allylnickel intermediate. Selectivity is attributed to (1) rapid, selective reaction of LNi(0) with chlorotriethylsilane and enone in the presence of other organic electrophiles, and (2) minimization of enone dimerization by ligand steric effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruja Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, USA
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82
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Alemán J, Cabrera S. Applications of asymmetric organocatalysis in medicinal chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:774-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35380f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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83
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Drusan M, Galeštoková Z, Šebesta R. Diastereoselective copper-catalysed 1,4-addition of Grignard reagents to N-enoyl oxazolidinones. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42024h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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84
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Wu L, Li G, Fu Q, Yu L, Tang Z. Organocatalytic asymmetric Michael reaction with acylsilane donors. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:443-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26950c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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85
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Pandey M, Chowdhury PS, Dutta AK, Kumar P, Pal S. Retracted Article: A highly concise and practical route to clavaminols, sphinganine and (+)-spisulosine via indium mediated allylation of α-hydrazino aldehyde and a theoretical insight into the stereochemical aspects of the reaction. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43048k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-amino alcohols is reported by proline-catalyzed α-amination of aldehyde and one-pot indium mediated allylation of the crude α-hydrazino aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menaka Pandey
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-NCL (National Chemical Laboratory)
- Pune 411008
- India
| | | | - Achintya Kumar Dutta
- Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-NCL (National Chemical Laboratory)
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-NCL (National Chemical Laboratory)
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Sourav Pal
- Physical Chemistry Division
- CSIR-NCL (National Chemical Laboratory)
- Pune 411008
- India
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86
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Meninno S, Lattanzi A. Asymmetric organocatalysis mediated by α,α-l-diaryl prolinols: recent advances. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:3821-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc36928e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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87
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Maksymowicz RM, Roth PMC, Thompson AL, Fletcher SP. Hydrometallation-asymmetric conjugate addition: application to complex molecule synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012. [PMID: 23192003 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37155c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper catalysis allows alkyl zirconium species, generated in situ from alkenes, to undergo conjugate addition reactions. A hydrometallation-catalytic asymmetric 1,4-addition was used to synthesize either enantiomer of a natural product in one step from commercially available materials. Hydrometallation-addition sequences applied to steroids containing a cross-conjugated dienone or 1,6-acceptor give highly functionalized products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Maksymowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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88
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Yasukawa T, Miyamura H, Kobayashi S. Polymer-Incarcerated Chiral Rh/Ag Nanoparticles for Asymmetric 1,4-Addition Reactions of Arylboronic Acids to Enones: Remarkable Effects of Bimetallic Structure on Activity and Metal Leaching. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:16963-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja307913e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yasukawa
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033,
Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyamura
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033,
Japan
| | - Shu̅ Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033,
Japan
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89
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Catalytic asymmetric carbon-carbon bond formation using alkenes as alkylmetal equivalents. Nat Chem 2012; 4:649-54. [PMID: 22824897 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic asymmetric conjugate addition reactions with organometallic reagents are powerful reactions in synthetic chemistry. Procedures that use non-stabilized carbanions have been developed extensively, but these suffer from a number of limitations that prevent their use in many situations. Here, we report that alkylmetal species generated in situ from alkenes can be used in highly enantioselective 1,4-addition initiated by a copper catalyst. Using alkenes as starting materials is desirable because they are readily available and have favourable properties when compared to pre-made organometallics. High levels of enantioselectivity are observed at room temperature in a range of solvents, and the reaction tolerates functional groups that are not compatible with comparable methods-a necessary prerequisite for efficient and protecting-group-free strategies for synthesis.
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90
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Johnson KM, Rattley MS, Sladojevich F, Barber DM, Nuñez MG, Goldys AM, Dixon DJ. A new family of cinchona-derived bifunctional asymmetric phase-transfer catalysts: application to the enantio- and diastereoselective nitro-Mannich reaction of amidosulfones. Org Lett 2012; 14:2492-5. [PMID: 22548631 DOI: 10.1021/ol300779x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new family of bifunctional H-bond donor phase-transfer catalysts derived from cinchona alkaloids has been developed and evaluated in the enantio- and diastereoselective nitro-Mannich reaction of in situ generated N-Boc-protected imines of aliphatic, aromatic, and heteroaromatic aldehydes. Under optimal conditions, good reactivity and high diastereoselectivities (up to 24:1 dr) and enantioselectivities (up to 95% ee) were obtained using a 9-amino-9-deoxyepiquinidine-derived phase-transfer catalyst possessing a 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylurea H-bond donor group at the 9-position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayli M Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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