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51
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Bortnik J, Li W, Thorne RM, Angelopoulos V, Cully C, Bonnell J, Le Contel O, Roux A. An Observation Linking the Origin of Plasmaspheric Hiss to Discrete Chorus Emissions. Science 2009; 324:775-8. [PMID: 19423824 DOI: 10.1126/science.1171273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Bortnik
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - W. Li
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - R. M. Thorne
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - V. Angelopoulos
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics/Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - C. Cully
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Box 537, SE-751 21, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J. Bonnell
- Space Science Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - O. Le Contel
- Centre d'Etude des Environnements Terrestre et Planétaires, Velizy, France
| | - A. Roux
- Centre d'Etude des Environnements Terrestre et Planétaires, Velizy, France
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52
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Xiao F, Su Z, Zheng H, Wang S. Modeling of outer radiation belt electrons by multidimensional diffusion process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuliang Xiao
- School of Physics and Electronic Sciences; Changsha University of Science and Technology; Changsha China
| | - Zhenpeng Su
- Key Laboratory for Basic Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Huinan Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Basic Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Shui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Basic Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
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53
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Tu W, Li X, Chen Y, Reeves GD, Temerin M. Storm-dependent radiation belt electron dynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Tu
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Xinlin Li
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Yue Chen
- Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
| | - G. D. Reeves
- Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
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54
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Tao X, Albert JM, Chan AA. Numerical modeling of multidimensional diffusion in the radiation belts using layer methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; Rice University; Houston Texas USA
| | - Jay M. Albert
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
| | - Anthony A. Chan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; Rice University; Houston Texas USA
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55
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Hospodarsky GB, Averkamp TF, Kurth WS, Gurnett DA, Menietti JD, Santolik O, Dougherty MK. Observations of chorus at Saturn using the Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Science instrument. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. B. Hospodarsky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - T. F. Averkamp
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - W. S. Kurth
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - D. A. Gurnett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - J. D. Menietti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - O. Santolik
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics; Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics; Czech Academay of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
| | - M. K. Dougherty
- Blackett Laboratory, Department of Space and Atmospheric Physics; Imperial College London; London UK
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56
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Lyatsky W, Khazanov GV. Effect of geomagnetic disturbances and solar wind density on relativistic electrons at geostationary orbit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2008ja013048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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57
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Albert JM. Efficient approximations of quasi-linear diffusion coefficients in the radiation belts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Albert
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
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58
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Omura Y, Katoh Y, Summers D. Theory and simulation of the generation of whistler-mode chorus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Omura
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Yuto Katoh
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
- Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Miyagi Japan
| | - Danny Summers
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's, Newfoundland Canada
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59
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60
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The unexpected origin of plasmaspheric hiss from discrete chorus emissions. Nature 2008; 452:62-6. [PMID: 18322528 DOI: 10.1038/nature06741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2007] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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61
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Fok MC, Horne RB, Meredith NP, Glauert SA. Radiation Belt Environment model: Application to space weather nowcasting. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ching Fok
- Geospace Physics Laboratory; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - Richard B. Horne
- Physical Sciences Division; British Antarctic Survey; Cambridge UK
| | | | - Sarah A. Glauert
- Physical Sciences Division; British Antarctic Survey; Cambridge UK
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62
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Shprits Y, Kondrashov D, Chen Y, Thorne R, Ghil M, Friedel R, Reeves G. Reanalysis of relativistic radiation belt electron fluxes using CRRES satellite data, a radial diffusion model, and a Kalman filter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Shprits
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Dmitri Kondrashov
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Yue Chen
- Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
| | - Richard Thorne
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Michael Ghil
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
- Département Terre-Atmosphère-Océan and Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique; Ecole Normale Supérieure; Paris France
| | - Reiner Friedel
- Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
| | - Geoff Reeves
- Los Alamos National Laboratory; Los Alamos New Mexico USA
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63
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Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Albert
- Air Force Research Laboratory; Space Vehicles Directorate; Hanscom Air Force Base Massachusetts USA
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64
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Li W, Shprits YY, Thorne RM. Dynamic evolution of energetic outer zone electrons due to wave-particle interactions during storms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Li
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Y. Y. Shprits
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA
| | - R. M. Thorne
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California Los Angeles; Los Angeles California USA
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65
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Xiao F, Chen L, Zheng H, Wang S. A parametric ray tracing study of superluminous auroral kilometric radiation wave modes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja012178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuliang Xiao
- School of Physics and Electronic Sciences; Changsha University of Science and Technology; Changsha China
| | - Lunjin Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Basic Plasma Physics, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Huinan Zheng
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Basic Plasma Physics, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
| | - Shui Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Basic Plasma Physics, School of Earth and Space Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei China
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66
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Omura Y, Furuya N, Summers D. Relativistic turning acceleration of resonant electrons by coherent whistler mode waves in a dipole magnetic field. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja012243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Omura
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere; Kyoto University; Uji, Kyoto Japan
| | - Naoki Furuya
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere; Kyoto University; Uji, Kyoto Japan
| | - Danny Summers
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere; Kyoto University; Uji, Kyoto Japan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's, Newfoundland Canada
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67
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Thorne RM, Shprits YY, Meredith NP, Horne RB, Li W, Lyons LR. Refilling of the slot region between the inner and outer electron radiation belts during geomagnetic storms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja012176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. M. Thorne
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - Y. Y. Shprits
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - N. P. Meredith
- British Antarctic Survey; Natural Environment Research Council; Cambridge UK
| | - R. B. Horne
- British Antarctic Survey; Natural Environment Research Council; Cambridge UK
| | - W. Li
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - L. R. Lyons
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
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68
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Miyoshi Y, Morioka A, Kataoka R, Kasahara Y, Mukai T. Evolution of the outer radiation belt during the November 1993 storms driven by corotating interaction regions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja012148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Miyoshi
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - A. Morioka
- Planetary Plasma and Atmospheric Research Center; Tohoku University; Sendai Japan
| | - R. Kataoka
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory; Nagoya University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Y. Kasahara
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Kanazawa University; Kanazawa Japan
| | - T. Mukai
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency; Kanagawa Japan
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69
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Summers D, Ni B, Meredith NP. Timescales for radiation belt electron acceleration and loss due to resonant wave-particle interactions: 2. Evaluation for VLF chorus, ELF hiss, and electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja011993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danny Summers
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's Newfoundland Canada
| | - Binbin Ni
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's Newfoundland Canada
| | - Nigel P. Meredith
- British Antarctic Survey; Natural Environment Research Council; Cambridge UK
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70
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Bortnik J, Thorne RM, O'Brien TP, Green JC, Strangeway RJ, Shprits YY, Baker DN. Observation of two distinct, rapid loss mechanisms during the 20 November 2003 radiation belt dropout event. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja011802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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71
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Shprits YY, Thorne RM, Friedel R, Reeves GD, Fennell J, Baker DN, Kanekal SG. Outward radial diffusion driven by losses at magnetopause. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja011657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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72
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Nagai T, Yukimatu AS, Matsuoka A, Asai KT, Green JC, Onsager TG, Singer HJ. Timescales of relativistic electron enhancements in the slot region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja011837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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73
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Shprits YY, Thorne RM, Horne RB, Summers D. Bounce-averaged diffusion coefficients for field-aligned chorus waves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006ja011725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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74
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Miyoshi YS, Jordanova VK, Morioka A, Thomsen MF, Reeves GD, Evans DS, Green JC. Observations and modeling of energetic electron dynamics during the October 2001 storm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005ja011351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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75
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Iles RHA, Meredith NP, Fazakerley AN, Horne RB. Phase space density analysis of the outer radiation belt energetic electron dynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005ja011206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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76
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Horne RB, Thorne RM, Shprits YY, Meredith NP, Glauert SA, Smith AJ, Kanekal SG, Baker DN, Engebretson MJ, Posch JL, Spasojevic M, Inan US, Pickett JS, Decreau PME. Wave acceleration of electrons in the Van Allen radiation belts. Nature 2005; 437:227-30. [PMID: 16148927 DOI: 10.1038/nature03939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2005] [Accepted: 06/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Van Allen radiation belts are two regions encircling the Earth in which energetic charged particles are trapped inside the Earth's magnetic field. Their properties vary according to solar activity and they represent a hazard to satellites and humans in space. An important challenge has been to explain how the charged particles within these belts are accelerated to very high energies of several million electron volts. Here we show, on the basis of the analysis of a rare event where the outer radiation belt was depleted and then re-formed closer to the Earth, that the long established theory of acceleration by radial diffusion is inadequate; the electrons are accelerated more effectively by electromagnetic waves at frequencies of a few kilohertz. Wave acceleration can increase the electron flux by more than three orders of magnitude over the observed timescale of one to two days, more than sufficient to explain the new radiation belt. Wave acceleration could also be important for Jupiter, Saturn and other astrophysical objects with magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Horne
- British Antarctic Survey, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK.
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77
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Thorne RM, O'Brien TP, Shprits YY, Summers D, Horne RB. Timescale for MeV electron microburst loss during geomagnetic storms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004ja010882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. M. Thorne
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - T. P. O'Brien
- Space Science Department; The Aerospace Corporation; El Segundo California USA
| | - Y. Y. Shprits
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; University of California; Los Angeles California USA
| | - D. Summers
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's, Newfoundland Canada
| | - R. B. Horne
- British Antarctic Survey; Natural Environment Research Council; Cambridge UK
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78
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Summers D. Quasi-linear diffusion coefficients for field-aligned electromagnetic waves with applications to the magnetosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005ja011159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danny Summers
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; Memorial University of Newfoundland; St. John's, Newfoundland Canada
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79
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Glauert SA, Horne RB. Calculation of pitch angle and energy diffusion coefficients with the PADIE code. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004ja010851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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80
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Lyons LR, Lee DY, Thorne RM, Horne RB, Smith AJ. Solar wind-magnetosphere coupling leading to relativistic electron energization during high-speed streams. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005ja011254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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81
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The influence of wave-particle interactions on relativistic electron dynamics during storms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/159gm07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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