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Dragomir MP, Kopetz S, Ajani JA, Calin GA. Non-coding RNAs in GI cancers: from cancer hallmarks to clinical utility. Gut 2020; 69:748-763. [PMID: 32034004 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
One of the most unexpected discoveries in molecular oncology, in the last decades, was the identification of a new layer of protein coding gene regulation by transcripts that do not codify for proteins, the non-coding RNAs. These represent a heterogeneous category of transcripts that interact with many types of genetic elements, including regulatory DNAs, coding and other non-coding transcripts and directly to proteins. The final outcome, in the malignant context, is the regulation of any of the cancer hallmarks. Non-coding RNAs represent the most abundant type of hormones that contribute significantly to cell-to cell communication, revealing a complex interplay between tumour cells, tumour microenvironment cells and immune cells. Consequently, profiling their abundance in bodily fluids became a mainstream of biomarker identification. Therapeutic targeting of non-coding RNAs represents a new option for clinicians that is currently under development. This review will present the biology and translational value of three of the most studied categories on non-coding RNAs, the microRNAs, the long non-coding RNAs and the circular RNAs. We will also focus on some aspirational concepts that can help in the development of clinical applications related to non-coding RNAs, including using pyknons to discover new non-coding RNAs, targeting human-specific transcripts which are expressed specifically in the tumour cell and using non-coding RNAs to increase the efficiency of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea Paul Dragomir
- Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - George Adrian Calin
- Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Sun Q, Li J, Jin B, Wang T, Gu J. Evaluation of miR-331-3p and miR-23b-3p as serum biomarkers for hepatitis c virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma at early stage. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020; 44:21-28. [PMID: 31053500 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic values of serum miR-331-3p and miR-23b-3p as tumor markers for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at early stage. METHODS A total of 191 subjects were enrolled and consisted of 45 healthy controls (HC), 106 hepatitis c virus (HCV)-related chronic liver disease (CLD) patients, and 40 early-stage HCC patients. CLD patients were subdivided according to Metavir fibrosis-scoring. Serum miR-331-3p and miR-23b-3p were measured. The area under curves (AUC) was calculated for each microRNA and compared with that for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the detection of HCC at early stage. RESULTS Serum miR-331-3p was significantly higher in early-stage HCC than that in CLD and HC respectively, and it decreased significantly after surgery in early-stage HCC. Contrarily, serum miR-23b-3p was significantly lower in early-stage HCC and increased significantly after surgery. Further, receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated AUC was 0.806 (95%CI: 0.728-0.883; sensitivity: 85.85%, specificity: 65.00%) for serum miR-23b-3p in discriminating early-stage HCC from CLD patients, higher than that for AFP (AUC:0.660, 95%CI: 0.556-0.764; sensitivity: 70.00%, specificity: 56.60%). In discrimination early-stage HCC from severe fibrosis/cirrhosis (F3 + F4) patients, both miR-23b-3p (AUC: 0.796, 95%CI: 0.703-0.889; sensitivity: 85.11%, specificity: 65.00%) and miR-331-3p (AUC:0.832, 95%CI: 0.812-0.953; sensitivity: 75.00%, specificity: 85.11%) had better diagnostic performances than AFP (AUC:0.632, 95%CI: 0.512-0.753; sensitivity: 50.00%, specificity: 55.32%). Serum miR-331-3p levels also showed a significant correlation with BCLC stages of HCC. CONCLUSION Serum miR-331-3p and miR-23b-3p could be used as novel invasive biomarkers in the early detection of HCC in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, 36, Nanyingzi Road, Chengde, 067000, PR China.
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, 36, Nanyingzi Road, Chengde, 067000, PR China
| | - Boxun Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, YouAn Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 8, Xitoutiao Road, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Tiezheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, YouAn Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 8, Xitoutiao Road, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Jiannan Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, 36, Nanyingzi Road, Chengde, 067000, PR China
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Chen Y, Shi J, Liu H, Wang Q, Chen X, Tang H, Yan R, Yao Z, Lu Q. Plasma microRNA Array Analysis Identifies Overexpressed miR-19b-3p as a Biomarker of Bipolar Depression Distinguishing From Unipolar Depression. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:757. [PMID: 33192625 PMCID: PMC7432143 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The clinical characteristics of bipolar disorder (current major depressive episode) (BD) overlap with unipolar depressive disorder (UD), which makes it difficult to perform an accurate diagnosis. We identified plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) that distinguished BD from UD and explored the relationship between miRNA expression levels and clinical characteristics. METHODS Total miRNAs from blood plasma from seven UD patients, seven BD patients, and six controls were analyzed. The identified miRNAs were validated in a separate population group. Depression severity and early life adversities were assessed. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted to investigate the target genes that were identified and the pathways associated with the altered miRNAs. RESULTS Compared to controls, 42 miRNAs were differentially expressed in patients. miR-19b-3p, miR-3921, and miR-1180-3p were selected to validate the microarray results. Only miR-19b-3p was validated as down-regulated in patients. The primary predicted genes associated with miR-19b-3p were MAPK1, PTEN, and PRKAA1. The most relevant KEGG pathways included mTOR, FoxO, and the PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway. BD patients were more likely to have higher expression levels of miR-19b-3p and more severe childhood trauma experience compared to UD patients. CONCLUSIONS Plasma miR-19b-3p is a potential non-invasive biomarker that might be useful in distinguishing UD from BD. miR-19b3p was predicted to be involved in the pathway of inflammatory dysregulation associated with experiencing early childhood trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiabo Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangxiang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijian Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affifiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Lu
- School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
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Bai H, Wu S. miR-451: A Novel Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target for Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:11069-11082. [PMID: 31908476 PMCID: PMC6924581 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s230963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded small RNAs involved in a variety of cellular processes, including ontogeny, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. They can also function as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Recent studies have revealed that miRNA-451 (miR-451) is involved in the regulation of various human physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, it has been shown that miR-451 not only directly affects the biological functions of tumor cells but also indirectly affects tumor cell invasion and metastasis upon secretion into the tumor microenvironment via exosomes. Thus, miR-451 also influences the progression of tumorigenesis and drug resistance. This review summarizes the expression of miR-451 in various cancer types and the relationship between miR-451 and the diagnosis, treatment, and drug resistance of solid tumors. In addition, we address possible mechanisms of action of miR-451 and its potential application as a biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanxi Dayi Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Suhui Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanxi Dayi Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
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Iwasaki H, Shimura T, Yamada T, Okuda Y, Natsume M, Kitagawa M, Horike SI, Kataoka H. A novel urinary microRNA biomarker panel for detecting gastric cancer. J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:1061-1069. [PMID: 31240436 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-019-01601-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of cancer deaths worldwide; however, reliable and non-invasive screening methods for GC are not established. Therefore, we conducted this study to develop a biomarker for GC detection, consisting of urinary microRNAs (miRNAs). METHODS We matched 306 participants by age and sex [153 pairs consisting of patients with GC and healthy controls (HCs)], then randomly divided them across three groups: (1) the discovery cohort (4 pairs); (2) the training cohort (95 pairs); and (3) the validation cohort (54 pairs). RESULTS There were 22 urinary miRNAs with significantly aberrant expressions between the two groups in the discovery cohort. Upon multivariate analysis of the training cohort, urinary expression levels of miR-6807-5p and miR-6856-5p were significantly independent biomarkers for diagnosis of GC, in addition to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) status. A diagnostic panel that combined these 2 miRNAs and H. pylori status distinguished between HC and GC samples with an area under the curve (AUC) = 0.736. In the validation cohort, urinary miR-6807-5p and miR-6856-5p showed significantly higher expression levels in the GC group, and the combination biomarker panel of miR-6807-5p, miR-6856-5p, and H. pylori status also showed excellent performance (AUC = 0.885). In addition, this biomarker panel could distinguish between HC and stage I GC patients with an AUC = 0.748. Urinary expression levels of miR-6807-5p and miR-6856-5p significantly decreased to undetectable level after curative resection of GC. CONCLUSIONS This novel biomarker panel enables early and non-invasive detection of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Iwasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takaya Shimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Tamaki Yamada
- Okazaki Public Health Center, Okazaki, 1-3 Harusaki, Harisaki-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Natsume
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mika Kitagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Horike
- Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takaramachi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Aichi, Japan
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Herrera M, Galindo-Pumariño C, García-Barberán V, Peña C. A Snapshot of The Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer: The Liquid Biopsy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236016. [PMID: 31795332 PMCID: PMC6929174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular profile of liquid biopsies is emerging as an alternative to tissue biopsies in the clinical management of malignant diseases. In colorectal cancer, significant liquid biopsy-based biomarkers have demonstrated an ability to discriminate between asymptomatic cancer patients and healthy controls. Furthermore, this non-invasive approach appears to provide relevant information regarding the stratification of tumors with different prognoses and the monitoring of treatment responses. This review focuses on the tumor microenvironment components which are detected in blood samples of colorectal cancer patients and might represent potential biomarkers. Exosomes released by tumor and stromal cells play a major role in the modulation of cancer progression in the primary tumor microenvironment and in the formation of an inflammatory pre-metastatic niche. Stromal cells-derived exosomes are involved in driving mechanisms that promote tumor growth, migration, metastasis, and drug resistance, therefore representing substantial signaling mediators in the tumor-stroma interaction. Besides, recent findings of specifically packaged exosome cargo in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts of colorectal cancer patients identify novel exosomal biomarkers with potential clinical applicability. Furthermore, additional different signals emitted from the tumor microenvironment and also detectable in the blood, such as soluble factors and non-tumoral circulating cells, arise as novel promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response prediction. The therapeutic potential of these factors is still limited, and studies are in their infancy. However, innovative strategies aiming at the inhibition of tumor progression by systemic exosome depletion, exosome-mediated circulating tumor cell capturing, and exosome-drug delivery systems are currently being studied and may provide considerable advantages in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Herrera
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Cristina Galindo-Pumariño
- Medical Oncology Department, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Alcalá University, 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa García-Barberán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (V.G.-B.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristina Peña
- Medical Oncology Department, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Alcalá University, 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (V.G.-B.); (C.P.)
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Elemeery MN, Mohamed MA, Madkour MA, Shamseya MM, Issa NM, Badr AN, Ghareeb DA, Pan CH. MicroRNA signature in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma associated with type 2 diabetes. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:6322-6341. [PMID: 31754293 PMCID: PMC6861851 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i42.6322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related cirrhosis is one of the liver complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and reported to be a risk factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A reliable screening biomarker of liver cirrhosis (LC) and HCC among T2DM patients is important to reduce the morbidity and mortality of this disease. MicroRNA (miRNA) is considered a key player in HCC and T2DM, and it might be a hidden culprit in diabetes-associated HCC, making it a promising reliable prognostic tool.
AIM To investigate the signature of serum miRNAs as early biomarkers for the screening of HCC among diabetic patients.
METHODS Expression profiles of miRNAs in serum samples of diabetic LC and diabetic HCC patients were assessed using Illumina sequencing; then, RT-qPCR was used to validate significantly altered miRNAs between the two groups. Candidate miRNAs were tested in serum samples of 200 T2DM patients, 270 LC patients, 200 HCC patients, and 225 healthy control subjects. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, with area under the curve (AUC), was performed to assess the diagnostic performance of the screened miRNAs for discriminating HCC from LC and nonmalignant patients (LC + T2DM).
RESULTS Expression of the sequenced miRNAs in serum was different in HCC vs LC-positive T2DM patients. Two miRNAs (miR-34a, miR-221) were significantly up-regulated and five miRNAs (miR-16, miR-23-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-198, miR-199a-3p) were significantly down-regulated in HCC compared to LC patients. Analysis of ROC curve demonstrated that the combination of these seven miRNAs can be used as a reliable biomarker for detection of HCC in diabetic patients, as it could identify HCC with high diagnostic accuracy in diabetic LC patients (AUC = 0.993) and in diabetic nonmalignant patients (AUC = 0.961).
CONCLUSION This study validates a panel of serum miRNAs that can be used as a reliable noninvasive screening biomarker of HCC among T2DM cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients. The study recommends further research to shed light on a possible role of c-Met in T2DM-associated HCC via the miRNA regulatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Nouh Elemeery
- Département de Neurosciences, CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H2X 3E4, Canada
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Marwa Anwar Mohamed
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ahmed Madkour
- Experimental and Clinical Internal Medicine Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Mohammed Shamseya
- Experimental and Clinical Internal Medicine Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Noha Mahmoud Issa
- Human Genetics Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Noah Badr
- Food Toxicology and Contaminates Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ahmed Ghareeb
- Bioscreening and preclinical trial lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 12522, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical and fermentation industries development center, the city of scientific research and technological applications, Alexandria 26411, Egypt
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, South Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
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Qian L, Li Q, Baryeh K, Qiu W, Li K, Zhang J, Yu Q, Xu D, Liu W, Brand RE, Zhang X, Chen W, Liu G. Biosensors for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: a review. Transl Res 2019; 213:67-89. [PMID: 31442419 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is characterized by extremely high mortality and poor prognosis and is projected to be the leading cause of cancer deaths by 2030. Due to the lack of early symptoms and appropriate methods to detect pancreatic carcinoma at an early stage as well as its aggressive progression, the disease is often quite advanced by the time a definite diagnosis is established. The 5-year relative survival rate for all stages is approximately 8%. Therefore, detection of pancreatic cancer at an early surgically resectable stage is the key to decrease mortality and to improve survival. The traditional methods for diagnosing pancreatic cancer involve an imaging test, such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging, paired with a biopsy of the mass in question. These methods are often expensive, time consuming, and require trained professionals to use the instruments and analyze the imaging. To overcome these issues, biosensors have been proposed as a promising tool for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The present review critically discusses the latest developments in biosensors for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Protein and microRNA biomarkers of pancreatic cancer and corresponding biosensors for pancreatic cancer diagnosis have been reviewed, and all these cases demonstrate that the emerging biosensors are becoming an increasingly relevant alternative to traditional techniques. In addition, we discuss the existing problems in biosensors and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Qian
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Qiaobin Li
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Kwaku Baryeh
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Wanwei Qiu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Kun Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Qingcai Yu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Dongqin Xu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Wenju Liu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Randall E Brand
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China; School of Food Science & Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Guodong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota.
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Lu T, Chen S, Qu L, Wang Y, Chen HD, He C. Identification of a five-miRNA signature predicting survival in cutaneous melanoma cancer patients. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7831. [PMID: 31660262 PMCID: PMC6814066 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the deadliest form of skin cancer. Numerous studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed abnormally in melanoma tissues. Our work aimed to assess multiple miRNAs using bioinformatic analysis in order to predict the prognoses of cutaneous melanoma patients. Methods The microarray dataset GSE35579 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to detect the differential expression of miRNAs (DEMs), including 41 melanoma (primary and metastatic) tissues and 11 benign nevi. Clinical information and miRNA sequencing data of cutaneous melanoma tissues were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) to assess the prognostic values of DEMs. Additionally, the target genes of DEMs were anticipated using miRanda, miRmap, TargetScan, and PicTar. Finally, functional analysis was performed using selected target genes on the Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) website. Results After performing bioinformatic analysis, a total of 185 DEMs were identified: 80 upregulated miRNAs and 105 downregulated miRNAs. A five-miRNA (miR-25, miR-204, miR-211, miR-510, miR-513c) signature was discovered to be a potential significant prognostic biomarker of cutaneous melanoma when using the Kaplan–Meier survival method (P = 0.001). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the five-miRNA signature could be an independent prognostic marker (HR = 0.605, P = 0.006) in cutaneous melanoma patients. Biological pathway analysis indicated that the target genes may be involved in PI3K-Akt pathways, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, and focal adhesion. Conclusion The identified five-miRNA signature may serve as a prognostic biomarker, or as a potential therapeutic target, in cutaneous melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lu
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liao Ning, China.,Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China.,Graduate school, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liao Ning, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liao Ning, China
| | - Le Qu
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liao Ning, China
| | - Yunlin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liao Ning, China
| | - Hong-Duo Chen
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liao Ning, China
| | - Chundi He
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liao Ning, China.,Graduate school, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liao Ning, China
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Jiang M, Li X, Quan X, Li X, Zhou B. MiR-92a Family: A Novel Diagnostic Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target in Human Cancers. Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:98. [PMID: 31632984 PMCID: PMC6779690 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study tried to explore whether members of miR-92a family contribute to early diagnosis and prognosis for human cancers and how they work. Methods: Integrated meta-analysis retrieved from public repositories was employed to assess the clinical roles of the miR-92a family for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Expression level of miR-92a was detected by the TCGA database and was confirmed by non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues. Targets of miR-92a were predicted using starbase, and validated by dual luciferase assay. Correlation between miR-92a and the target gene was assessed by linkedOmics while expression of the target gene and its role in cancer prognosis were analyzed with UALCAN and Gepia. Results: We recognized the miR-92a family could serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker with a pooled sensitivity of 0.85 [0.81–0.88] and specificity of 0.86 [0.83–0.90]. The overall hazard ratio (HR) was 2.26 [95% CI: 1.70–3.00] for high expression groups compared to low expression groups. Expression of miR-92a was identified to be upregulated in NSCLC, especially in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Results from starbase and dual luciferase assay indicated the regulator of G-protein signaling 3 (RGS3) was a direct target of miR-92a. Statistical negative correlation was found for the expression of miR-92a and RGS3. In addition, expression of RGS3 was downregulated in NSCLC and patients with the high expression had a poor prognosis (HR = 1.3) for LUSC patients. However, results were to the contrary for lung adenocarcinoma (HR = 0.7). Conclusion: This study revealed that miR-92a family could be ideal biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, which might function through targeting RGS3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowei Quan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Soeda N, Iinuma H, Suzuki Y, Tsukahara D, Midorikawa H, Igarashi Y, Kumata Y, Horikawa M, Kiyokawa T, Fukagawa T, Fukushima R. Plasma exosome-encapsulated microRNA-21 and microRNA-92a are promising biomarkers for the prediction of peritoneal recurrence in patients with gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:4467-4480. [PMID: 31611956 PMCID: PMC6781766 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with gastric cancer (GC), peritoneal recurrence is a common risk and associated with poor prognosis. A novel biomarker for the prediction of high-risk peritoneal recurrence in patients with GC is desirable. The present study investigated the effectiveness of exosome-encapsulated microRNAs (ex-miRNAs) as minimally invasive biomarkers in patients with GC that received curative surgery. Recurrence-specific ex-miRNAs were selected following comparison of miRNA microarray data from patients with TNM stage II GC with peritoneal recurrence (n=3) and without peritoneal recurrence following curative surgery (n=3), and three healthy volunteers. In this analysis, exosome-encapsulated miRNA-21 (ex-miR-21) and exosomal miR-92a (ex-miR-92a) exhibited the greatest alterations in expression patterns. Using plasma exosome samples collected from another 129 patients with stage II and III GC, the present study investigated the potential value of ex-miR-21 and ex-miR-92a as biomarkers. Ex-miRNA levels were measured using TaqMan miRNA assays. Ex-miR-21 levels were significantly higher and ex-miR-92a levels were significantly lower in samples from patients with GC compared with healthy controls. The overall survival (OS) and peritoneal recurrence-free survival (PRFS) were poorer in stage II and III patients with high ex-miR-21 levels than in patients with low miR-21 levels. OS and PRFS of stage II and III patients with low ex-miR92a levels were significantly worse than those with high ex-miR92a levels. Cox multivariate analyses indicated that ex-miR-21 and ex-miR-92a were independent prognostic factors for OS and PRFS in stage II and III GC. A negative correlation was detected between expression levels of miR-21 and programmed cell death protein 4 mRNA, and miR-92a and prostaglandin E receptor 4 mRNA. Therefore, ex-miR-21 and ex-miR-92a may function as effective and minimally invasive biomarkers for the prediction of peritoneal recurrence and the prognosis of patients with stage II/III GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruyoshi Soeda
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Hisae Iinuma
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsukahara
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Hironori Midorikawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Yuichi Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Kumata
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Masahiro Horikawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Takashi Kiyokawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Takeo Fukagawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Ryoji Fukushima
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
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Yan S, Jia C, Quan L, Zhao L, Tian Y, Liu A. Significance of the microRNA‑17‑92 gene cluster expressed in B‑cell non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2459-2467. [PMID: 31322189 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the prognostic value of the microRNA (miR)‑17‑92 gene cluster, the expression of miR‑17‑92 in B‑cell non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma (B‑NHL) was examined. Patients with B‑NHL, who received therapy in the Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital between January 2012 and October 2014, were enrolled in the study. The expression of the miR‑17‑92 cluster in tumor tissue samples was detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The overall survival (OS) and event‑free survival (EFS) times were also investigated by the Kaplan‑Meier method and comparisons between groups were estimated using a log‑rank test. Three types of lymphoid cancer cells with wild‑type (WT), knockout of miR‑17‑92 (KO), and overexpression of miR‑17‑92 (TG), were utilized to establish a tumor xenograft model, and a reactive hyperplasia lymph cell was used as a control. The tumor incubation times and weights were examined. A total of 71 patients with B‑NHL were registered. No significant correlations were identified between the expression of miR‑17‑92 and clinical factors (P>0.05). Members of the miR‑17‑92 cluster exhibited various expression in the subtypes of B‑NHL, and the difference between follicular lymphoma (FL) and germinal center B‑cell like (GBC) was most marked. The overexpression of miR‑18, miR‑19a, and miR‑92a induced a marked reduction in the OS of patients with B‑NHL, and high‑levels of miR‑19a and miR‑92a led to a decline in EFS. The overexpression of miR‑17‑92 shortened the duration of incubation required for visualization of the xenograft tumor, whereas knockout led to inhibition of tumor formation. The expression of miR‑17‑92 in FL differed significantly from that in GBC, and miR‑19a may have a crucial effect on the OS and EFS of patients with B‑NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Yan
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Chuiming Jia
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Lina Quan
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Yuyang Tian
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Aichun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
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63
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Necula L, Matei L, Dragu D, Neagu AI, Mambet C, Nedeianu S, Bleotu C, Diaconu CC, Chivu-Economescu M. Recent advances in gastric cancer early diagnosis. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:2029-2044. [PMID: 31114131 PMCID: PMC6506585 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i17.2029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains an important cause of cancer death worldwide with a high mortality rate due to the fact that the majority of GC cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage when the prognosis is poor and the treatment options are limited. Unfortunately, the existing circulating biomarkers for GC diagnosis and prognosis display low sensitivity and specificity and the GC diagnosis is based only on the invasive procedures such as upper digestive endoscopy. There is a huge need for less invasive or non-invasive tests but also highly specific biomarkers in case of GC. Body fluids such as peripheral blood, urine or saliva, stomach wash/gastric juice could be a source of specific biomarkers, providing important data for screening and diagnosis in GC. This review summarized the recently discovered circulating molecules such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, which hold the promise to develop new strategies for early diagnosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Necula
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest 030304, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest 040441, Romania
| | - Lilia Matei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest 030304, Romania
| | - Denisa Dragu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest 030304, Romania
| | - Ana I Neagu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest 030304, Romania
| | - Cristina Mambet
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest 030304, Romania
| | - Saviana Nedeianu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest 030304, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest 030304, Romania
| | - Carmen C Diaconu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest 030304, Romania
| | - Mihaela Chivu-Economescu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest 030304, Romania
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64
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Zhao R, Zhao L, Xu X, Xu H. Analysis of microRNA expression profiles reveals a 5‑microRNA prognostic signature for predicting overall survival time in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:2775-2789. [PMID: 30864737 PMCID: PMC6448084 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence supporting dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential prognostic biomarkers in cancer. The present study aimed to identify an miRNA model set with prognostic power for patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. miRNA‑seq data from 155 patients and 37 controls were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for a comprehensive analysis of miRNA expression profiles and were used as training data. A total of 5 prognostic miRNAs, which have not been previously reported, were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. A separate 155‑patient TCGA cohort was used as a validation set for evaluation of the risk model. Patients in the training set were assigned into high‑ and low‑risk groups according to the 5‑miRNA signature risk scores. Kaplan‑Meier survival analyses demonstrated that patients with high risk scores had significantly shorter survival times than those with low risk scores. The risk model validation confirmed the prognostic ability of this 5‑miRNA signature in predicting the risk status of patients. Stratification analysis for clinical prognostic variables demonstrated recurrence and age were significant prognostic factors in the low‑ and high‑risk groups, respectively. In conclusion, the present 5‑miRNA signature is a potential independent risk factor for patient outcomes. The risk model based on the 5‑miRNA signature performed well in predicting overall survival time in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Medical Insurance Management, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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65
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ZiaSarabi P, Sorayayi S, Hesari A, Ghasemi F. Circulating microRNA-133, microRNA-17 and microRNA-25 in serum and its potential diagnostic value in gastric cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12376-12381. [PMID: 30861177 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world and is considered as the most lethal gastrointestinal cancer. microRNAs (miRNAs) can be very important in detecting a disease at an early stage. The aim of this study was to investigate the microRNA-17 (miR-17), miR-25, and miR-133b in the serum of gastric cancer subjects. Serum samples were obtained from 120 gastric cancers and 102 healthy subjects. We evaluated expression levels of miR-17, miR-25 and miR-133b by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results showed that in the patients with gastric cancer, the expression level of miR-17 and miR-25 were significantly increased compared with the control group (P < 0.5), while the expression level of miR-133b was significantly decreased in patient groups compared with control cases (P < 0.5). It seems that expression of miRNAs in Iranian patients with gastric cancer is similar to other patients in other populations. These findings suggested that miR-17, miR-25 and miR-133b could be introduced as potential diagnostic candidates for the detection in gastric cancer patients in the early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa ZiaSarabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Saba Sorayayi
- Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - AmirReza Hesari
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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66
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Wu X, Shen J, Xiao Z, Li J, Zhao Y, Zhao Q, Cho CH, Li M. An overview of the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in gastric cancer: Spotlight on novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:425-439. [PMID: 30857828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs that have displayed strong association with gastric cancer (GC). Through the repression of target mRNAs, miRNAs regulate many biological pathways that are involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, metastasis as well as drug resistance. The detection of miRNAs in tissues and in body fluids emerges as a promising method in the diagnosis and prognosis of GC, due to their unique expression pattern in correlation with GC. Notably, miRNAs are also identified as potential therapeutic targets for GC therapy. The present review is thus to highlight the multifaceted roles of miRNAs in GC and in GC therapies, which would give indications for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital (T.C.M.) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
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67
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Xu K, Han B, Bai Y, Ma XY, Ji ZN, Xiong Y, Miao SK, Zhang YY, Zhou LM. MiR-451a suppressing BAP31 can inhibit proliferation and increase apoptosis through inducing ER stress in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:152. [PMID: 30770794 PMCID: PMC6377610 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The global morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) are ranked the third among gastrointestinal tumors in the world. MiR-451a is associated with several types of cancer, including CRC. However, the roles and mechanisms of miR-451a in CRC have not been elucidated. BAP31 is a predicted target gene of miR-451a in our suppression subtractive hybridization library. Its relationship with miR-451a and function in CRC are unclear. We hypothesized that miR-451a could induce apoptosis through suppressing BAP31 in CRC. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were used to measure BAP31 expressions in CRC tissues and pericarcinous tissues from 57 CRC patients and CRC cell lines. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the binding of miR-451a to BAP31. The expression of BAP31 protein in CRC tissues was significantly higher than that in pericarcinous tissues, which was correlated with distant metastasis and advanced clinical stages of CRC patients. The expression of BAP31 was higher in HCT116, HT29, SW620, and DLD cells than that in the normal colonic epithelial cell line NCM460. The expression of BAP31 was absolutely down-regulated when over-expressing miR-451a in HCT116 and SW620 cells compared with control cells. Mir-451a inhibited the expression of BAP31 by binding to its 5'-UTR. Over-expressing miR-451a or silencing BAP31 suppressed the proliferation and apoptosis of CRC cells by increasing the expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated proteins, including GRP78/BIP, BAX, and PERK/elF2α/ATF4/CHOP, which resulted in increased ERS, cytoplasmic calcium ion flowing, and apoptosis of CRC cells. These changes resulting from over-expressing miR-451a were reversed by over-expressing BAP31 with mutated miR-451a-binding sites. Over-expressing miR-451a or silencing BAP31 inhibited tumor growth by inducing ERS. The present study demonstrated that miR-451a can inhibit proliferation and increase apoptosis through inducing ERS by binding to the 5'-UTR of BAP31 in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- 985 Science and Technology Platform for Innovative Drugs, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- 985 Science and Technology Platform for Innovative Drugs, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- 985 Science and Technology Platform for Innovative Drugs, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- 985 Science and Technology Platform for Innovative Drugs, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yao Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- 985 Science and Technology Platform for Innovative Drugs, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Shi-Kun Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- 985 Science and Technology Platform for Innovative Drugs, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
- 985 Science and Technology Platform for Innovative Drugs, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Li-Ming Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
- 985 Science and Technology Platform for Innovative Drugs, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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68
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Wang J, Zhang H, Zhou X, Wang T, Zhang J, Zhu W, Zhu H, Cheng W. Five serum-based miRNAs were identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2019; 23:193-203. [PMID: 30198863 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated as novel biomarkers for various types of cancers. The aim of the study is to identify serum miRNAs with potential in detecting gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). METHODS A three-phase study was designed with 102 GCA patients and 84 cancer-free controls. In the screening phase (3 GCA pools vs. 1 normal control (NC) pool), a total of 35 miRNAs were identified using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) based Exiqon panel. Subsequently, these miRNAs were further assessed by qRT-PCR in the training phase (30 GCAs vs. 30 NCs) and testing phase (72 GCAs vs. 54 NCs). Finally, the expression levels of the identified miRNAs were assessed in GCA tissues and exosomes. RESULTS Five up-regulated miRNAs (miR-200a-3p, miR-296-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-485-3p and miR-22-5p) were identified in serum of the GCA patients compared with NCs. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of the five-miRNA panel were 0.766 and 0.724 for the training and testing phases, respectively. In addition, miR-200a-3p, miR-296-5p, miR-485-3p and miR-22-5p were significantly up-regulated in GCA tissues. However, none of the miRNAs in the exosomes showed different expression between GCA patients and NCs. CONCLUSIONS We identified a five-miRNA panel in peripheral serum samples as a non-invasive biomarker in detection of GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huo Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongshan Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - JinYing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenfang Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
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Serum miR-16 as a potential biomarker for human cancer diagnosis: results from a large-scale population. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:787-796. [PMID: 30706130 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02849-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a serious public health problem worldwide, and difficulty in early diagnosis has been the chief obstacle to improve the prognosis of patients. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) were widely studied to be potential biomarkers for cancer detection. miR-16 is a prevalent but sophisticated one. In the current study, we aimed to assess the diagnostic value of serum miR-16 for cancer detection. METHODS A total of 1458 cancer patients, containing ten types of cancers, and 1457 non-cancer controls were recruited in this study. qRT-PCR was used for the amplification of miRNAs. In addition, a meta-analysis of reported studies was performed to confirm our findings systematically. RESULTS Consequently, miR-16 was down-regulated in ESCC, GCA and GNCA patients compared with NCs (all P < 0.001), while up-regulated in PDAC patients (P = 0.001), LAC, LSCC and EEC patients (all P < 0.001). But no significant differences were observed in CRC, EOC and TC patients when compared to NCs (P = 0.747, 0.235 and 0.268, respectively). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of miR-16 in GCA, ESCC, LAC, LSCC, GNCA, PDAC and EEC were 0.881, 0.780, 0.757, 0.693, 0.602, 0.614 and 0.681, respectively. Results of meta-analysis showed that miR-16 achieved an overall pooled sensitivity of 0.72, specificity of 0.79, and AUC of 0.85, suggesting that miR-16 was a promising biomarker in cancer detection. CONCLUSIONS We provided a comprehensive view of the diagnostic value of serum miR-16 in cancer diagnosis, and confirmed that circulating miR-16 could play an important role in cancer detection.
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Clinical utility of microRNA-451 as diagnostic biomarker for human cancers. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180653. [PMID: 30509965 PMCID: PMC6331668 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted comprehensive analyses to assess the diagnostic ability of miRNA-451 in cancers. A systematic online search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, China’s national knowledge infrastructure, and VIP databases from inception to July 31, 2017. The bivariate random effect model was used for calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under cure (AUC). The whole pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.85 (0.77–0.90) and 0.85 (0.78–0.90) with their 95% confidence interval (95%CI), respectively. The pooled AUC was 0.91 (95%CI: 0.89–0.94). Positive likelihood ratio was 5.57 (95%CI: 3.74–8.31), negative likelihood ratio was 0.18 (95%CI: 0.11–0.28), and diagnostic odds ratio was 31.33 (95%CI: 15.19–64.61). Among Asian population, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.85 (95%CI: 0.77–0.91) and 0.86 (95%CI: 0.78–0.91), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 5.87 (95%CI: 3.78–9.12) and 0.17 (95%CI: 0.11–0.28). The diagnostic odds ratio and AUC were 34.31 (15.51–75.91) and 0.92 (0.89–0.94). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and AUC for digestive system cancer were 0.83, 0.88, 6.87, 0.20, 35.13, and 0.92, respectively. The other cancers were 0.87, 0.81, 4.55, 0.16, 28.51, and 0.90, respectively. For sample source, the results still remain consistent. Our results indicated miRNA-451 has a moderate diagnostic ability for cancers, and could be a potential early screening biomarker, and considered as an adjuvant diagnostic index when being combined with other clinical examinations.
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Zhang K, Chen L. A Highly Predictive Model for Diagnosis of Colorectal Neoplasms Using Plasma MicroRNA: Improving Specificity and Sensitivity. Ann Surg 2019; 267:e57-e58. [PMID: 27984212 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kecheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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72
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Wei H, Pu K, Liu XG, Li BX, Zhang HS, Wang H, Wang H, Sun WM, Wang YP. The diagnostic value of circulating microRNAs as a biomarker for gastric cancer: A meta‑analysis. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:87-102. [PMID: 30320349 PMCID: PMC6278421 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, cancer research microRNA studies have drawn great attention. However, the results of these studies have been inconsistent and variable regarding the availability of circulating miRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) diagnosis. Thus, results should be interpreted cautiously. The purpose of the present study was to assess the diagnostic performance of circulating miRNAs in GC diagnosis. We conducted a systematic and comprehensive approach for the inclusion of studies. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio were pooled with random effects models, and a summary of receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curves were plotted. The potential heterogeneity was assessed with Q test and I2 statistics. Subgroup analyses and meta‑regressions further investigated the sources of heterogeneity. A total of 77 studies from 48 articles were eligible for the meta‑analysis. The results revealed a sensitivity of 0.76, a specificity of 0.81, and an AUC of 0.86 for gastric cancer diagnosis with circulating miRNAs. In addition, subgroup analyses indicated that multiple miRNAs assays, non‑microarray screening approaches, and serum‑based miRNA assays exhibited good diagnostic performance in contrast to a single miRNA assay, microarray expression profiling screening, and plasma‑based miRNA group analysis. The diagnostic ability of miRNAs in early stage I‑II groups and the high expression group were approximately similar to that in the stage I‑IV groups and the low expression group. For the circulating miRNAs, our meta‑analysis identified a combination of multiple miRNAs, non‑microarray chip screening, and serum‑based miRNA assays were associated with the most effective GC diagnostic performance. However, many unclear molecular mechanisms limited the accuracy of the diagnostic results, and should be interpreted with caution. Further large‑scale prospective studies are required for validating the diagnostic applicability of circulating miRNAs in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ke Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Guang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Xuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Heng-Shuo Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical School of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ming Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Co-expression profiling of plasma miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer patients. Gene 2018; 687:135-142. [PMID: 30447342 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The recent researches indicate that differential non-coding RNAs expression signatures could be associated with the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC). However, there are few studies focused on lncRNA-miRNAs co-expression profiling in GC patients. Therefore, in the present study the expression of H19 and MEG3 and their related miRNAs including miR-148a-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-675-5p and miR-141-3p were determined in the plasma samples of GC patients and controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS This case-control study included 62 GC patients and 40 age- sex matched controls. The non-coding RNA levels were assessed by real-time PCR. Further, using in silico analysis, we identified shared targets of studied miRNAs and performed GC-associated pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS Our results showed that the H19 level was significantly (P = 0.008) elevated and MEG3 expression was significantly (P = 0.002) down-regulated in GC patients compared to healthy participants. Furthermore, it was revealed that the miR-675-5p level was increased, while miR-141-3p plasma levels were significantly reduced in GC patients (P < 0.05). We did not observe a significant difference for miR-148a-3p (P = 0.682) and miR-181a-5p (P = 0.098) expression between groups. In addition, the expression levels of H19, MEG3 and miR-148a-3p were associated with some clinicopathological features of patients (P < 0.05). ROC analysis revealed that a combination of H19, MEG3 and miR-675-5p levels able to discriminate controls and GC subjects with 88.87% sensitivity and 85% specificity (AUC, 0.927; 0.85-0.96 CI, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The results of current study demonstrated that combination of H19, MEG3 and miR-675-5p expression levels could provide a potential diagnostic panel for GC.
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Link A, Kupcinskas J. MicroRNAs as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for gastric cancer: Current insights and future perspectives. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3313-3329. [PMID: 30122873 PMCID: PMC6092583 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i30.3313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers may contribute to an early identification of gastric cancer (GC) and improve the clinical management. Unfortunately, no sensitive and specific screening biomarkers are available yet and the currently available approaches are limited by the nature of the disease. GC is a heterogenic disease with various distinct genetic and epigenetic events that occur during the multifactorial cascade of carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are commonly deregulated in gastric mucosa during the Helicobacter pylori infection and in stepwise manner from chronic gastritis, through preneoplastic conditions such as atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, to early dysplasia and invasive cancer. Identification of miRNAs in blood in 2008 led to a great interest on miRNA-based diagnostic, prognostic biomarkers in GC. In this review, we provide the most recent systematic review on the existing studies related to miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for GC. Here, we systematically evaluate 75 studies related to differential expression of circulating miRNAs in GC patients and provide novel view on various heterogenic aspects of the existing data and summarize the methodological differences. Finally, we highlight several important aspects crucial to improve the future translational and clinical research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Link
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Institute for Digestive Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas LT-44307, Lithuania
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75
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Li F, Yoshizawa JM, Kim KM, Kanjanapangka J, Grogan TR, Wang X, Elashoff DE, Ishikawa S, Chia D, Liao W, Akin D, Yan X, Lee MS, Choi R, Kim SM, Kang SY, Bae JM, Sohn TS, Lee JH, Choi MG, Min BH, Lee JH, Kim JJ, Kim Y, Kim S, Wong DTW. Discovery and Validation of Salivary Extracellular RNA Biomarkers for Noninvasive Detection of Gastric Cancer. Clin Chem 2018; 64:1513-1521. [PMID: 30097497 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.290569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers are needed for noninvasive early detection of gastric cancer (GC). We investigated salivary extracellular RNA (exRNA) biomarkers as potential clinical evaluation tools for GC. METHODS Unstimulated whole saliva samples were prospectively collected from 294 individuals (163 GC and 131 non-GC patients) who underwent endoscopic evaluation at the Samsung Medical Center in Korea. Salivary transcriptomes of 63 GC and 31 non-GC patients were profiled, and mRNA biomarker candidates were verified with reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). In parallel, microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers were profiled and verified with saliva samples from 10 GC and 10 non-GC patients. Candidate biomarkers were validated with RT-qPCR in an independent cohort of 100/100 saliva samples from GC and non-GC patients. Validated individual markers were configured into a best performance panel. RESULTS We identified 30 mRNA and 15 miRNA candidates whose expression pattern associated with the presence of GC. Among them, 12 mRNA and 6 miRNA candidates were verified with the discovery cohort by RT-qPCR and further validated with the independent cohort (n = 200). The configured biomarker panel consisted of 3 mRNAs (SPINK7, PPL, and SEMA4B) and 2 miRNAs (MIR140-5p and MIR301a), which were all significantly down-regulated in the GC group, and yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.81 (95% CI, 0.72-0.89). When combined with demographic factors, the AUC of the biomarker panel reached 0.87 (95% CI, 0.80-0.93). CONCLUSIONS We have discovered and validated a panel of salivary exRNA biomarkers with credible clinical performance for the detection of GC. Our study demonstrates the potential utility of salivary exRNA biomarkers in screening and risk assessment for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Institute of Diagnostic in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Tristan R Grogan
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David E Elashoff
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Shigeo Ishikawa
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David Chia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Wei Liao
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David Akin
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Xinmin Yan
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Min-Sun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rayun Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Mi Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So-Young Kang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Moon Bae
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Sohn
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Gew Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Hoon Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Haeng Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Kim
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA;
| | - Sung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;
| | - David T W Wong
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA;
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Hasegawa K, Negishi R, Matsumoto M, Yohda M, Hosokawa K, Maeda M. Specificity of MicroRNA Detection on a Power-free Microfluidic Chip with Laminar Flow-assisted Dendritic Amplification. ANAL SCI 2018; 33:171-177. [PMID: 28190836 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.33.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are attracting considerable attention as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cancer. We have been developing a detection method for miRNAs on a microfluidic chip with external-power-free fluid pumping and enzyme-free amplification. The assay is completed within 20 min. Here, we describe the specificity of this miRNA detection method. First, the specificity against mismatched sequences was investigated. The nonspecific detection of a 2-nucleotide mismatched sequence was negligible, while that of a 1-nucleotide mismatched sequence was observed to a reasonable extent. Next, the disturbance in mature miRNA detection by existence of its precursor miRNA was evaluated. One precursor miRNA out of four tested showed significant nonspecific responses at 1 nM or higher concentrations. However, those responses were much lower than that of the target mature miRNA at 0.1 nM. Finally, we tried to detect three endogenous miRNAs, which are known to be potential cancer biomarkers, in human leucocyte total RNA. The measured concentraions of these miRNAs agreed well with those obtained by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. These results indicate that the on-chip miRNA detection method has good specificity, which is promising for applications to real biological samples.
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77
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Yuan HL, Wang T, Zhang KH. MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of gastric cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:3891-3900. [PMID: 30013369 PMCID: PMC6039071 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s156921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of endoscopy and conventional tumor biomarkers, gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the most frequent causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide due to its late diagnosis and poor response to treatment. Valuable and practical biomarkers are urgently needed to screen patients with a high risk of GC that can complement endoscopic diagnosis. Such biomarkers will enable the efficient prediction of therapeutic response and prognosis of GC patients and favor the establishment of an effective treatment strategy for each and every patient. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA sequences that play important roles in modulating key biological processes by regulating the expression of target genes. Expectedly, miRNAs are abnormally expressed within the tumor tissue and in associated biological fluids of GC patients including their blood, gastric juice, and urine. Accumulating evidence indicates that miRNAs are potential biomarkers with multiple diagnostic functions for GC. Here, we review recent advances and challenges in using miRNAs, particularly biofluid miRNAs, as GC biomarkers with potential clinical applications including diagnosing, clinically staging, and predicting malignant behaviors, therapy response, recurrence after surgery and survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Liang Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Institute of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Nanchang, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Institute of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Nanchang, People's Republic of China,
| | - Kun-He Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Institute of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Nanchang, People's Republic of China,
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78
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Optimizing miRNA-module diagnostic biomarkers of gastric carcinoma via integrated network analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198445. [PMID: 29879180 PMCID: PMC5991748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested as novel biomarkers for diagnosing gastric cancer (GC) at an early stage, but the single-marker strategy may ignore the co-regulatory relationships and lead to low diagnostic specificity. Thus, multi-target modular diagnostic biomarkers are urgently needed. In this study, a Zsummary and NetSVM-based method was used to identify GC-related hub miRNAs and activated modules from clinical miRNA co-expression networks. The NetSVM-based sub-network consisting of the top 20 hub miRNAs reached a high sensitivity and specificity of 0.94 and 0.82. The Zsummary algorithm identified an activated module (miR-486, miR-451, miR-185, and miR-600) which might serve as diagnostic biomarker of GC. Three members of this module were previously suggested as biomarkers of GC and its 24 target genes were significantly enriched in pathways directly related to cancer. The weighted diagnostic ROC AUC of this module was 0.838, and an optimized module unit (miR-451 and miR-185) obtained a higher value of 0.904, both of which were higher than that of individual miRNAs. These hub miRNAs and module have the potential to become robust biomarkers for early diagnosis of GC with further validations. Moreover, such modular analysis may offer valuable insights into multi-target approaches to cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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79
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Abstract
Liquid biopsy provides the opportunity of detecting and analyzing cancer in various body fluids. In peripheral blood, apart from circulating cell free DNA, circulating cancer cells and other tumor-associated compounds such as extracellular vesicles are also emerging candidates for detection. Compared to conventional tissue or cytology samples, liquid biopsy is non-invasive, safe, and easy to repeat. In view of tumor heterogeneity, it is also suggested that circulating cell free DNA may be more representative of the whole tumor cells population than a biopsy or cytology sample. In addition to assisting in the initial diagnosis, liquid biopsy can also be tailored for disease monitoring, detecting resistance mutation, tumor recurrence, and perhaps for screening in the future. The accuracy of this test is greatly facilitated by the advances of molecular techniques, from PCR-based methods, DNA sequencing, Digital PCR, to the more state-of-the-art next generation sequencing technologies. Despite the tremendous potential of liquid biopsy, there are limitations and not all clinical relevant cancer biomarkers can be detected in liquid biopsy at the present moment. The clinical utility of many of the tests derived from liquid biopsy required further investigations and clinical validation. This review provides an overview of the concept of liquid biopsy, its clinical applications, and discuss the multifaceted advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Ho-Kwan Cheung
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chit Chow
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Kanda M, Murotani K, Tanaka H, Miwa T, Umeda S, Tanaka C, Kobayashi D, Hayashi M, Hattori N, Suenaga M, Yamada S, Nakayama G, Fujiwara M, Kodera Y. A novel dual-marker expression panel for easy and accurate risk stratification of patients with gastric cancer. Cancer Med 2018; 7:2463-2471. [PMID: 29733517 PMCID: PMC6010733 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of specific biomarkers is necessary for individualized management of patients with gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to design a simple expression panel comprising novel molecular markers for precise risk stratification. Patients (n = 200) who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer were randomly assigned into learning and validation sets. Tissue mRNA expression levels of 15 candidate molecular markers were determined using quantitative PCR analysis. A dual‐marker expression panel was created according to concordance index (C‐index) values of overall survival for all 105 combinations of two markers in the learning set. The reproducibility and clinical significance of the dual‐marker expression panel were evaluated in the validation set. The patient characteristics of the learning and validation sets were well balanced. The C‐index values of combinations were significantly higher compared with those of single markers. The panel with the highest C‐index (0.718) of the learning set comprised SYT8 and MAGED2, which clearly stratified patients into low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups. The reproducibility of the panel was demonstrated in the validation set. High expression scores were significantly associated with larger tumor size, vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, peritoneal metastasis, and advanced disease. The dual‐marker expression panel provides a simple tool that clearly stratifies patients with gastric cancer into low‐, intermediate‐, and high risk after gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuro Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenta Murotani
- Clinical Research Centre, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Haruyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Miwa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinichi Umeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chie Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masamichi Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norifumi Hattori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaya Suenaga
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Goro Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Michitaka Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Liu J, Wang J, Song Y, Ma B, Luo J, Ni Z, Gao P, Sun J, Zhao J, Chen X, Wang Z. A panel consisting of three novel circulating lncRNAs, is it a predictive tool for gastric cancer? J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3605-3613. [PMID: 29700972 PMCID: PMC6010868 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection is vital for prolonging 5-year survival for patients with gastric cancer (GC). Numerous studies indicate that circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can be used to diagnose malignant tumours. This study aimed to investigate the capacity of novel lncRNAs for diagnosing GC. A lncRNA microarray assay was used to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs between plasma of patients with GC and healthy controls. Plasma samples from 100 patients with healthy controls were used to construct a multiple-gene panel. An additional 50 pairs of GC patients with healthy controls were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the panel. Expression levels of lncRNAs were quantified through real-time polymerase chain reaction. The receiver operating characteristic curve and area under curve (AUC) were used to estimate the diagnostic capacity. We identified three lncRNAs, CTC-501O10.1, AC100830.4 and RP11-210K20.5 that were up-regulated in the plasma of GC patients with AUCs 0.724, 0.730 and 0.737, respectively (P < .01). Based on the logistic regression model, the combined AUC of the three lncRNAs was 0.764. The AUC of the panel was 0.700 in the validation cohort. These findings indicate that plasma lncRNAs can serve as potential biomarkers for detection of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongxi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junlong Luo
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhongran Ni
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingxu Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junhua Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowan Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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82
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Sárközy M, Kahán Z, Csont T. A myriad of roles of miR-25 in health and disease. Oncotarget 2018; 9:21580-21612. [PMID: 29765562 PMCID: PMC5940376 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Small non-coding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) have been recently recognized as important regulators of gene expression. MicroRNAs play myriads of roles in physiological processes as well as in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases by translational repression or mRNA destabilization of numerous target genes. The miR-106b-25 cluster is highly conserved in vertebrates and consists of three members including miR-106b, miR-93 and miR-25. MiR-106b and miR-93 share the same seed sequences; however, miR-25 has only a similar seed sequence resulting in different predicted target mRNAs. In this review, we specifically focus on the role of miR-25 in healthy and diseased conditions. Many of miR-25 target mRNAs are involved in biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, calcium handling, etc. Therefore, it is no surprise that miR-25 has been reported as a key regulator of common cancerous and non-cancerous diseases. MiR-25 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy, tubulointerstitial nephropathy, asthma bronchiale, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, etc. MiR-25 is also a well-described oncogenic miRNA playing a crucial role in the development of many tumor types including brain tumors, lung, breast, ovarian, prostate, thyroid, oesophageal, gastric, colorectal, hepatocellular cancers, etc. In this review, our aim is to discuss the translational therapeutic role of miR-25 in common diseased conditions based on relevant basic research and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márta Sárközy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kahán
- Department of Oncotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Csont
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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83
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Integrated multigene expression panel to prognosticate patients with gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18775-18785. [PMID: 29721160 PMCID: PMC5922354 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the proposed individual markers had limited clinical utility due to the inherent biological and genetic heterogeneity of gastric cancer. We aimed to build a new molecular-based model to predict prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. A total of 200 patients who underwent gastric resection for gastric cancer were divided into learning and validation cohorts using a table of random numbers in a 1:1 ratio. In the learning cohort, mRNA expression levels of 15 molecular markers in gastric tissues were analyzed and concordance index (C-index) values of all single and combinations of the 15 candidate markers for overall survival were calculated. The multigene expression panel was designed according to C-index values and the subpopulation index. Expression scores were determined with weighting according to the coefficient of each constituent. The reproducibility of the panel was evaluated in the validation cohort. C-index values of the 15 single candidate markers ranged from 0.506–0.653. Among 32,767 combinations, the optimal and balanced expression panel comprised four constituents (MAGED2, SYT8, BTG1, and FAM46) and the C-index value was 0.793. Using this panel, patients were provisionally categorized with scores of 1–3, and clearly stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor overall survival groups. In the validation cohort, both overall and disease-free survival rates decreased incrementally with increasing expression scores. Multivariate analysis revealed that the expression score was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival after curative gastrectomy. We developed an integrated multigene expression panel that simply and accurately stratified risk of patients with gastric cancer.
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84
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Tissue miRNA 483-3p expression predicts tumor recurrence after surgical resection in histologically advanced hepatocellular carcinomas. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17895-17905. [PMID: 29707155 PMCID: PMC5915163 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The choice of surgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) depends on several prognostic variables, among which histological features, like microvascular invasion and tumor grade, are well established. This study aims to identify the tissue miRNAs predictive of recurrence after liver resection in "histologically advanced" HCC. We selected 54 patients: 15 retrospective resected patients without recurrence (group A), 19 retrospective resected patients with HCC recurrence (group B), and 20 prospective patients (group C), with 4 recurrence cases. All selected HCC were "histologically advanced" (high Edmondson grade and/or presence of microvascular invasion). A wide spectrum of miRNAs was studied with TaqMan Human microRNA Arrays; qRT-PCR assays were used to validate results on selected miRNAs; immunohistochemistry for IGF2 was applied to study the mechanism of miR-483-3p. As a result, a significant differential expression between group A and B was found for 255 miRNAs. Among them we selected miR-483-3p and miR-548e (P<0.001). As a single variable (group C), HCC with miR-483-3p downregulation (mean fold increase 0.21) had 44.4% of recurrence cases; HCC with miR-483-3p upregulation (mean fold increase 5.94) showed no recurrence cases (P=0.011). At immunohistochemistry (group C), the HCC with loss of cytoplasmic IGF2 expression showed a down-regulation of miR-483-3p (fold increase 0.57). In conclusion, in patients with "histologically advanced" HCC, the analysis of specific tissue miRNAs (particularly miR-483-3p) could help identify the recurrence risk and choose which treatment algorithm to implement (follow-up, resection or transplantation). This could have an important impact on patient survival and transplantation outcome, improving organ allocation.
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85
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Identification of an 88-microRNA signature in whole blood for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and other chronic liver diseases. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 9:1565-1584. [PMID: 28657540 PMCID: PMC5509456 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer with very poor survival due to lack of reliable biomarker for early diagnosis. In this study, we investigated microRNA (miRNA) profile of whole blood with a custom microarray containing probes for 1849 miRNA species in a total 213 successive subjects who were divided into a discovery set and a validation set. An 88-miRNA signature was established to diagnose health controls (HC), chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC) and HCC with 100% accuracy in the discovery set using Fisher discriminant analysis. This diagnostic signature was confirmed in the validation set with accuracy rates of 100%, 95.2%, 93.7% and 98.4% for HC, CHB, LC and HCC patients, respectively. Compared with AFP, the only available non-invasive and routinely used biomarker for diagnosis of HCC, the 88-miRNA signature has much higher accuracy (99.5% vs 76.5%), sensitivity (100% vs 63.8%), and specificity (99.2% vs 84.2%). More importantly, the signature detects small HCCs (<3cm) with 100% (17/17) accuracy while AFP has only 64.7% (11/17). In conclusion, we have identified a powerful and sensitive blood 88-miRNA signature for diagnosing early HCC and other chronic liver diseases (CHB and LC) with a high accuracy.
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86
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Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is often diagnosed at a late stage and may be malignantly transformed from oral leukoplakia (OL). This study aimed to identify potential plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) for the early detection of oral cancer. Plasma from normal, OL, and OSCC patients were evaluated. Small RNA sequencing was used to screen the differently expressed miRNAs among the groups. Next, these miRNAs were validated with individual samples by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays in the training phase (n = 72) and validation phase (n = 178). The possible physiological roles of the identified miRNAs were further investigated using bioinformatics analysis. Three miRNAs (miR-222-3p, miR-150-5p, and miR-423-5p) were identified as differentially expressed among groups; miR-222-3p and miR-423-5p negatively correlated with T stage, lymph node metastasis status, and clinical stage. A high diagnostic accuracy (Area under curve = 0.88) was demonstrated for discriminating OL from OSCC. Bioinformatics analysis reveals that miR-423-5p and miR-222-3p are significantly over-expressed in oral cancer tissues and involved in various cancer pathways. The three-plasma miRNA panel may be useful to monitor malignant progression from OL to OSCC and as potential biomarkers for early detection of oral cancer.
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87
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Lario S, Brunet-Vega A, Quílez ME, Ramírez-Lázaro MJ, Lozano JJ, García-Martínez L, Pericay C, Miquel M, Junquera F, Campo R, Calvet X. Expression profile of circulating microRNAs in the Correa pathway of progression to gastric cancer. United European Gastroenterol J 2018; 6:691-701. [PMID: 30083331 DOI: 10.1177/2050640618759433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori infection causes long-term chronic active gastritis, a risk factor for the intestinal and diffuse forms of gastric cancer. Most gastric cancers develop in a stepwise progression from chronic active gastritis to precursor lesions of gastric cancer. The early detection of gastric cancer improves survival. Studies with recent evidence have proposed circulating-microRNAs as biomarkers of cancer. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the circulating-microRNA profile from H. pylori infection to gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods One hundred and twenty-three patients were enrolled and assigned to the discovery or the validation sets. In the discovery phase, circulating-microRNAs were measured by dye-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction and a selection of circulating-microRNAs was validated by probe-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A quality control protocol was used. Results One hundred and sixty-seven circulating-microRNAs were detected. Precursor lesions of gastric cancer and gastric cancer patients showed the downregulation of eight and five circulating-microRNAs, respectively. We further validated the deregulation of miR-196a-5p in precursor lesions of gastric cancer and the deregulation of miR-134-5p, miR-144-3p and miR-451a in gastric cancer. However, circulating-microRNAs exhibited moderate diagnostic performance due to the overlap of circulating-microRNA expression between non-cancer and cancer patients. miR-144-3p/miR-451a expression levels were correlated. Interestingly, these microRNAs are in 17q11.2, a site of rearrangements associated with gastric cancer. Conclusion Circulating-microRNAs are deregulated in precancerous and gastric cancer patients but efforts are needed to improve their diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Lario
- Fundació Parc Taulí, Spain.,Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Anna Brunet-Vega
- Fundació Parc Taulí, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain.,Oncology Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain
| | - María E Quílez
- Fundació Parc Taulí, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain.,Oncology Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain
| | - María J Ramírez-Lázaro
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Juan J Lozano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Bioinformatics Platform, CIBEREHD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena García-Martínez
- Fundació Parc Taulí, Spain.,Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Carles Pericay
- Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain.,Oncology Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Mireia Miquel
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Félix Junquera
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Rafael Campo
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Xavier Calvet
- Digestive Diseases Service, Hospital de Sabadell, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Sabadell, Spain.,Departament de Medicina, UAB, Sabadell, Spain
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88
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Zhou X, Wen W, Shan X, Zhu W, Xu J, Guo R, Cheng W, Wang F, Qi LW, Chen Y, Huang Z, Wang T, Zhu D, Liu P, Shu Y. A six-microRNA panel in plasma was identified as a potential biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma diagnosis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6513-6525. [PMID: 28036284 PMCID: PMC5351649 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Differently expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in the plasma of lung adenocarcinoma (LA) patients might serve as biomarkers for LA detection. MiRNA expression profiling was performed using Exiqon panels followed by the verification (30 LA VS. 10 healthy controls (HCs)) with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in the screening phase. Identified miRNAs were confirmed through training (42 LA VS. 32 HCs) and testing stages (66 LA VS. 62 HCs) by using qRT-PCR based absolute quantification methods. A total of six up-regulated plasma miRNAs (miR-19b-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-409-3p, miR-425-5p and miR-584-5p) were identified. The six-miRNA panel could discriminate LA patients from HCs with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.72, 0.74 and 0.84 for the training, testing and the external validation stage (33 LA VS. 30 HCs), respectively. All the miRNAs identified except miR-584-5p were significantly up-regulated in LA tissues. MiR-19-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-409-3p and miR-425-5p showed high expression in arterial plasma with borderline significance. Additionally, miR-19-3p, miR-21-5p and miR-221-3p were significantly up-regulated in exosomes extracted from LA peripheral plasma samples. In conclusion, we identified a six-miRNA panel in peripheral plasma which might give assistance to the detection of LA at least for Asian population to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Wei Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Xia Shan
- Department of Respiration, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Renhua Guo
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Wenfang Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Lian-Wen Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Zebo Huang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Tongshan Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Danxia Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China.,Cancer Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China.,Cancer Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Differential expression levels of plasma microRNA in Hashimoto's disease. Gene 2018; 642:152-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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90
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Bao M, Pan S, Yang W, Chen S, Shan Y, Shi H. Serum miR-10a-5p and miR-196a-5p as non-invasive biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:773-780. [PMID: 31938164 PMCID: PMC6958018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for about 85% of all cases. MicroRNAs are stable molecules in the blood and can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of various malignancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate expression of miR-10a-5p and miR-196a-5p in tissue and serum of patients with NSCLC and to explore its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS A total of 20 pairs of tissues and 80 serum samples were obtained from NSCLC patients. Seventy-five serum samples from healthy individuals of the same age and gender were also collected. The expression level of miR-10a-5p and miR-196a-5p was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The relationship between miR-10a-5p and miR-196a-5p expression level in NSCLC tissues and serum and clinicopathological characteristics was estimated respectively. The diagnostic value of miRNA-10a-5p and miR-196a-5p in NSCLC was assessed by the Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve method. RESULTS We found that miRNA-10a-5p and miR-196a-5p expression levels were increased significantly in NSCLC tissues compared with non-tumor adjacent normal tissues. Serum miR-10a-5p and miR-196-5p were over-expressed in NSCLC patients compared with healthy controls. The higher miR-10a-5p or miR-196-5p expression levels were positively correlated with advanced tumor stage and positive lymph node metastasis. The area under the curve (AUC) of serum miR-10a-5p and miR-196-5p to diagnose NSCLC were 0.709 and 0.785. Optimal sensitivity and specificity were 65.98% and 72.71%, 67.86% and 77.57%, respectively in differentiating NSCLC patients from healthy controls. The combination of these two miRNAs with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) further increased the diagnostic value, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.801 (sensitivity, 76.34%; specificity, 79.26%) using logistic regression model analysis. CONCLUSIONS Serum miR-10a-5p and miR-196a-5p may be useful noninvasive biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Bao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou 225001, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001, China
- Anhui Medical CollegeHefei 230000, China
| | - Shu Pan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001, China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yibo Shan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001, China
| | - Hongcan Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Clinical College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou 225001, China
- Center of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225001, China
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91
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Jiang M, Li X, Quan X, Yang X, Zheng C, Hao X, Qu R, Zhou B. MiR-486 as an effective biomarker in cancer diagnosis and prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13948-13958. [PMID: 29568407 PMCID: PMC5862628 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose MiR-486 was found to be associated with cancer’s diagnosis and prognosis. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the potential effect of miR-486 on cancer detection and prognosis. Materials and Methods We searched PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang databases to find all correlated articles. The STATA 11.0 was applied to estimate the pooled effects, heterogeneity and publication bias. Results The pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE) and Area under the curve (AUC) were 82% (95% CI: 78–85%), 88% (95% CI: 83–92%) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88–0.93). Subgroup analysis indicated miR-486 from circulating samples exhibited higher diagnostic accuracy with the AUC was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87–0.92) than miR-486 from other specimen with the AUC of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.75–0.82) and miR-486 obtained a better diagnostic value in the Asian population with the AUC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91–0.95) than the Caucasian and Caucasian/African population with the AUC of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.76–0.83) and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.86–0.91) respectively. MiR-486 obtained high value for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer with SEN, SPE and AUC were 0.82 (95% CI: 0.0.77–0.87), 0.90 (95% CI: 0.84–0.94) as well as 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89–0.94) respectively. For the 7 prognostic tests, the pooled hazard ratio (HR) was 0.48 (95% CI: –0.13–1.08) for low versus high miR-486 expression. Conclusions This meta-analysis indicated that miR-486 can be used as ideal biomarkers in the cancer’s diagnosis. However, Low miR-486 expression did not increase the risk of poor outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Province Department of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Province Department of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowei Quan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Province Department of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianglin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Province Department of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Province Department of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Xia Hao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Province Department of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruoyi Qu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Province Department of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Province Department of Education, Shenyang, China.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Rapado-González Ó, Majem B, Muinelo-Romay L, Álvarez-Castro A, Santamaría A, Gil-Moreno A, López-López R, Suárez-Cunqueiro MM. Human salivary microRNAs in Cancer. J Cancer 2018; 9:638-649. [PMID: 29556321 PMCID: PMC5858485 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as excellent candidates for cancer biomarkers. Several recent studies have highlighted the potential use of saliva for the identification of miRNAs as novel biomarkers, which represents a great opportunity to improve diagnosis and monitor general health and disease. This review summarises the mechanisms of miRNAs deregulation in cancer, the value of targeting them with a therapeutic intention and the evidence of the potential clinical use of miRNAs expressed in saliva for the detection of different cancer types. We also provide a comprehensive review of the different methods for normalising the levels of specific miRNAs present in saliva, as this is a critical step in their analysis, and the challenge to validate salivary miRNAs as a reality to manage cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Rapado-González
- Department of Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Blanca Majem
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Lab, Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Muinelo-Romay
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Álvarez-Castro
- Medical Digestive Service, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS); Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anna Santamaría
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Lab, Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Gil-Moreno
- Cell Cycle and Cancer Lab, Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Gynecology Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael López-López
- Liquid Biopsy Analysis Unit, Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), CIBERONC, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Mercedes Suárez-Cunqueiro
- Department of Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS); Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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93
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Zalewski K, Misiek M, Kowalik A, Bakuła-Zalewska E, Kopczyński J, Zielińska A, Bidziński M, Radziszewski J, Góźdź S, Kowalewska M. Normalizers for microRNA quantification in plasma of patients with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia lesions and vulvar carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2018; 39:1010428317717140. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317717140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of circulating microRNAs as a promising tool for diagnosing cancer and monitoring anticancer therapies has been widely studied in the past decades. To date, no suitable reference microRNAs for normalizing quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays has been identified in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia lesions and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to select appropriate references for gene expression studies in plasma of patients with these lesions. Expression levels of six microRNAs—hsa-miR-425-5p, hsa-miR-191-5p, hsa-miR-93-5p, hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-miR-103a-3p, and hsa-miR-16-5p—were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in plasma samples obtained from 17 patients with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia lesion and 27 patients with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. The expression stability of these candidate normalizers was assayed using geNorm algorithm. hsa-miR-93-5p was revealed as the most stably expressed reference in plasma samples of both vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia lesion and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma patients. The results pointed at hsa-miR-93-5p and hsa-miR-425-5p as microRNAs that retained the greatest robustness in plasma of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia lesion and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma patients, respectively. Our work is the first report on reference microRNA selection for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction applications in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia lesion and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. The candidate microRNA stability values for the two types of lesions are provided and might serve for normalization of the future novel microRNA biomarkers in these rare entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Zalewski
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Holycross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute—Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Misiek
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Holycross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
| | - Artur Kowalik
- Department Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
| | - Elwira Bakuła-Zalewska
- Department of Pathology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute—Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Zielińska
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Bidziński
- Faculty of Heath Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute—Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Radziszewski
- Faculty of Nature, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
- Department of General Vascular and Oncological Surgery, Multidisciplinary Hospital Warsaw-Międzylesie, Poland
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Faculty of Heath Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Holycross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kowalewska
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute—Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Nutrition, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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94
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Shao Y, Shen YQ, Li YL, Liang C, Zhang BJ, Lu SD, He YY, Wang P, Sun QL, Jin YX, Ma ZL. Direct repression of the oncogene CDK4 by the tumor suppressor miR-486-5p in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:34011-21. [PMID: 27049724 PMCID: PMC5085134 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding single-stranded RNA, 20-23 nucleotide in length, which can be involved in the regulation of gene expression. Through binding with 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTR), microRNAs can cause degradation of target mRNAs or inhibition of translation, and thus regulating the expression of genes at the post-transcriptional level. In this study, we found that miR-486-5p was significantly downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and cell lines, suggesting that miR-486-5p might function as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer. Additionally, we showed that CDK4, an oncogene that plays an important role in cell cycle G1/S phase progression, was directly targeted by miR-486-5p. Furthermore, our data reveals that knockdown of CDK4 by siRNA can inhibit cell proliferation, promote apoptosis, and impede cell-cycle progression. In epigenetics, the upstream promoter of miR-486-5p was strongly regulated by methylation in NSCLC. Collectively, our results suggest that miR-486-5p could not only inhibit NSCLC by downregulating the expression of CDK4, but also be as a promising and potent therapy in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shao
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qing Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Li Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing-Jie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Di Lu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Yun He
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Experimental Center for Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang-Ling Sun
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - You-Xin Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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95
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Ren C, Chen H, Han C, Fu D, Zhou L, Jin G, Wang F, Wang D, Chen Y, Ma L, Zheng X, Han D. miR-486-5p expression pattern in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cancer and its prognostic value. Oncotarget 2017; 7:15840-53. [PMID: 26895105 PMCID: PMC4941281 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro RNA (miR)-486-5p is often aberrantly expressed in human cancers. The aim of this study was to identify the prognostic value of miR-486-5p expression in digestive system cancers. Tissue microarrays were constructed with 680 samples including 185 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs), 90 gastric adenocarcinomas (GCs), and 60 digestive system cancer tissues from 10 ESCC, 10 GC, 10 colon, 10 rectum, 10 liver, 10 pancreatic cancer, and corresponding normal tissues. Twenty normal digestive system mucosa tissues from healthy volunteers were included as normal controls. In GC, miR-486-5p expression was decreased in 62.8% of cases (59/94), increased in 33.0% (31/94), and unchanged in 4.2% (4/94); in ESCC its expression was decreased in 66.2% (129/195), increased in 32.3% (63/195), and unchanged in 1.5% (3/195). Expression of miR-486-5p was decreased in 12, and increased in 8, of 20 cases of colon or rectum cancer; decreased in 6, and increased in 4, of 10 cases of liver cancer; and decreased in 8, and increased in 2, of 10 cases of pancreatic cancer. Multivariate and univariate regression analysis demonstrated that low/unchanged miR-486-5p predicted poor prognosis in ESCC (hazard ratio [HR], 4.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.62–7.14; P < 0.001; HR, 3.88; 95% CI, 2.43–6.22; P < 0.001, respectively) and GC (HR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.35–4.50; P = 0.003; HR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.39–4.69; P = 0.002, respectively). MiR-486-5p might therefore be an independent tumor marker for evaluating prognosis in patients with ESCC or GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanli Ren
- Clinical Medical Testing Laboratory, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Geriatric Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chongxu Han
- Clinical Medical Testing Laboratory, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Deyuan Fu
- Breast Oncology Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Clinical Medical Testing Laboratory, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuan Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiography, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Daxin Wang
- Clinical Medical Testing Laboratory, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Ma
- Laboratory of Hematology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xucai Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Anhui Cancer Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Dongsheng Han
- Clinical Medical Testing Laboratory, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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96
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Lopez A, Harada K, Mizrak Kaya D, Dong X, Song S, Ajani JA. Liquid biopsies in gastrointestinal malignancies: when is the big day? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2017; 18:19-38. [DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2018.1403320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Lopez
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Inserm U954, Nancy University Hospital, Lorraine University, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Kazuto Harada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dilsa Mizrak Kaya
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaochuan Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jaffer A. Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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97
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Neo SH, Chung KY, Quek JM, Too HP. Trehalose significantly enhances the recovery of serum and serum exosomal miRNA from a paper-based matrix. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16686. [PMID: 29192155 PMCID: PMC5709463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The preservation of nucleic acids from clinical samples is critical to facilitate accurate molecular diagnosis. The use of a paper matrix, Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) Elute cards, to archive DNA and viral RNA is well-documented. However, the feasibility of FTA Elute cards for archiving serum and serum exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) remains unclear. Here, we performed a comprehensive evaluation of FTA Elute cards for miRNA storage and recovery in different pre-analytical conditions. The recovery of serum miRNA dry-spotted on FTA Elute cards by direct elution with water at high temperature was poor. However, serum miRNAs dry-spotted on the cards were isolated with about 40% yield when using QIAzol lysis reagent and recovery was improved remarkably (>80%) upon extraction from cards pre-treated with trehalose. miRNAs stored on the cards remained stable at room temperature and can be kept for prolonged periods. Furthermore, miRNAs could be similarly recovered from serum exosomes dry-spotted on the cards. Importantly, when using sera from gastric cancer (GC) patients, the miRNAs were efficiently recovered from trehalose pre-treated cards without affecting their representation. Collectively, we have demonstrated the potential of FTA Elute cards to archive serum and serum exosomal miRNAs, making it useful for biomarker discovery and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hui Neo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore.
| | - Ka Yan Chung
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Jia Min Quek
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Heng-Phon Too
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Block MD7, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
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98
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Ke X, Yan R, Sun Z, Cheng Y, Meltzer A, Lu N, Shu X, Wang Z, Huang B, Liu X, Wang Z, Song JH, Ng CK, Ibrahim S, Abraham JM, Shin EJ, He S, Meltzer SJ. Esophageal Adenocarcinoma-Derived Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNAs Induce a Neoplastic Phenotype in Gastric Organoids. Neoplasia 2017; 19:941-949. [PMID: 28968550 PMCID: PMC5633352 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There have been no reports describing the effects of cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on three-dimensional organoids. In this study, we delineated the proneoplastic effects of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC)-derived EVs on gastric organoids (gastroids) and elucidated molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. EVs were identified using PKH-67 staining. Morphologic changes, Ki-67 immunochemistry, cell viability, growth rates, and expression levels of miR-25 and miR-210, as well as of their target mRNAs, were determined in gastroids co-cultured with EAC-derived extracellular vesicles (c-EVs). C-EVs were efficiently taken up by gastroids. Notably, c-EV-treated gastroids were more crowded, compact, and multilayered and contained smaller lumens than did those cultured in organoid medium alone or in EAC-conditioned medium that had been depleted of EVs. Moreover, c-EV-treated gastroids manifested increased proliferation and cellular viability relative to medium-only or EV-depleted controls. Expression levels of miR-25 and miR-210 were significantly higher, and those of PTEN and AIFM3 significantly lower, in c-EV-treated versus medium-only or EV-depleted control groups. Inhibitors of miR-25 and miR-210 reversed the increased cell proliferation induced by c-exosomes in co-cultured gastroids by lowering miR-25 and miR-210 levels. In conclusion, we have constructed a novel model system featuring the co-culture of c-EVs with three-dimensional gastroids. Using this model, we discovered that cancer-derived EVs induce a neoplastic phenotype in gastroids. These changes are due, at least in part, to EV transfer of miR-25 and miR-210.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiquan Ke
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China; Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rong Yan
- Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Departments of Surgical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenguo Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yulan Cheng
- Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy Meltzer
- Department of Biology, Goucher College, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xu Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Departments of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhixiong Wang
- Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jee Hoon Song
- Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher K Ng
- Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sariat Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John M Abraham
- Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eun Ji Shin
- Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shuixiang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Stephen J Meltzer
- Department of Medicine (GI Division), the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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99
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Abstract
Extracellular RNAs consist of coding and non-coding transcripts released from all cell types, which are involved in multiple cellular processes, predominantly through regulation of gene expression. Recent advances have helped us better understand the functions of these molecules, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs). Numerous pre-clinical and human studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are dysregulated in cancer and contribute to tumorigenesis and metastasis. miRNA profiling has extensively been evaluated as a non-invasive method for cancer diagnosis, prognostication, and assessment of response to cancer therapies. Broader applications for miRNAs in these settings are currently under active development. Investigators have also moved miRNAs into the realm of cancer therapy. miRNA antagonists targeting miRNAs that silence tumor suppressor genes have shown promising pre-clinical activity. Alternatively, miRNA mimics that silence oncogenes are also under active investigation. These miRNA-based cancer therapies are in early development, but represent novel strategies for clinical management of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Thompson
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Pathology and MCW Cancer Center, TBRC-C4970, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Deepak Kilari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Pathology and MCW Cancer Center, TBRC-C4970, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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100
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Esophageal Adenocarcinoma-Derived Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNAs Induce a Neoplastic Phenotype in Gastric Organoids. Neoplasia 2017. [PMID: 28968550 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.06.007.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been no reports describing the effects of cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) on three-dimensional organoids. In this study, we delineated the proneoplastic effects of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC)-derived EVs on gastric organoids (gastroids) and elucidated molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. EVs were identified using PKH-67 staining. Morphologic changes, Ki-67 immunochemistry, cell viability, growth rates, and expression levels of miR-25 and miR-210, as well as of their target mRNAs, were determined in gastroids co-cultured with EAC-derived extracellular vesicles (c-EVs). C-EVs were efficiently taken up by gastroids. Notably, c-EV-treated gastroids were more crowded, compact, and multilayered and contained smaller lumens than did those cultured in organoid medium alone or in EAC-conditioned medium that had been depleted of EVs. Moreover, c-EV-treated gastroids manifested increased proliferation and cellular viability relative to medium-only or EV-depleted controls. Expression levels of miR-25 and miR-210 were significantly higher, and those of PTEN and AIFM3 significantly lower, in c-EV-treated versus medium-only or EV-depleted control groups. Inhibitors of miR-25 and miR-210 reversed the increased cell proliferation induced by c-exosomes in co-cultured gastroids by lowering miR-25 and miR-210 levels. In conclusion, we have constructed a novel model system featuring the co-culture of c-EVs with three-dimensional gastroids. Using this model, we discovered that cancer-derived EVs induce a neoplastic phenotype in gastroids. These changes are due, at least in part, to EV transfer of miR-25 and miR-210.
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