51
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Qin YJ, Lin TY, Lin XL, Liu Y, Zhao WT, Li XY, Lian M, Chen HW, Li YL, Zhang XL, Xiao D, Jia JS, Sun Y. Loss of PDK4 expression promotes proliferation, tumorigenicity, motility and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Cancer 2020; 11:4397-4405. [PMID: 32489458 PMCID: PMC7255379 DOI: 10.7150/jca.43459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the roles and underlying mechanisms of other PDK family members (i.e., PDK1, PDK2 and PDK3) in tumor progression have been extensively investigated and are well understood, the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) in the tumorigenesis and progression of various cancers [including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)] remain largely unknown. In this study, we examined the expression profile of PDK4 in HCC clinical tissue specimens and the roles of PDK4 in the proliferation, tumorigenicity, motility and invasion of HCC cells. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results revealed that PDK4 was significantly downregulated in the cohort of HCC clinical specimens. Additionally, PDK4 protein was found in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of HCC cells based on an immunofluorescence (ICC) assay, and PDK4 protein was also found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cancer cells contained in HCC clinical specimens based on IHC. The CCK-8 assay and cell colony formation assay demonstrated that stable depletion of endogenous PDK4 by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) markedly promoted the proliferation of HCC cell lines (i.e., BEL-7402 and BEL-7404 cells) in vitro, while PDK4 silencing significantly enhanced the tumorigenic ability of BEL-7404 cells in vivo. In addition to enhance proliferation and tumorigenesis induced by PDK4 silencing, additional studies demonstrated that knockdown of PDK4 led to increase migration and invasion of BEL-7402 and BEL-7404 cells in vitro. Taken together, these findings suggest that the loss of PDK4 expression contributes to HCC malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Juan Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Radiology, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Tao-Yan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wen-Tao Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming 650118, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mei Lian
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Heng-Wei Chen
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yong-Long Li
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jun-Shuang Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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52
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Ascites-derived ALDH+CD44+ tumour cell subsets endow stemness, metastasis and metabolic switch via PDK4-mediated STAT3/AKT/NF-κB/IL-8 signalling in ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:275-287. [PMID: 32390009 PMCID: PMC7374705 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0865-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is characterised by frequent recurrence due to persistent presence of residual cancer stem cells (CSCs). Here, we identify and characterise tumour subsets from ascites-derived tumour cells with stemness, metastasis and metabolic switch properties and to delineate the involvement of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) in such process. Methods Ovarian cancer cells/cell lines derived from ascites were used for tumourspheres/ALDH+CD44+ subset isolation. The functional roles and downstream signalling of PDK4 were explored. Its association with clinical outcome of ovarian cancer was analysed. Results We demonstrated enhanced CSC characteristics of tumour cells derived from ovarian cancer ascites, concomitant with ALDH and CD44 subset enrichment and high PDK4 expression, compared to primary tumours. We further showed tumourspheres/ALDH+CD44+ subsets from ascites-derived tumour cells/cell lines with CSC properties and enhanced glycolysis. Clinically, PDK4 expression was correlated with aggressive features. Notably, blockade of PDK4 in tumourspheres/ALDH+CD44+ subsets led to inhibition of CSC characteristics, glycolysis and activation of STAT3/AKT/NF-κB/IL-8 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/protein kinases B/nuclear factor-κB/interleukin-8) signalling. Conversely, overexpression of PDK4 in ALDH−CD44– subsets exerted the opposite effects. Conclusion Ascites-derived ALDH+CD44+ tumour cell subsets endow stemness, metastatic and metabolic switch properties via PDK4-mediated STAT3/AKT/NF-κB/IL-8 signalling, suggesting PDK4 as a viable therapeutic molecular target for ovarian cancer management.
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53
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Georgakopoulos-Soares I, Chartoumpekis DV, Kyriazopoulou V, Zaravinos A. EMT Factors and Metabolic Pathways in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:499. [PMID: 32318352 PMCID: PMC7154126 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents a biological program during which epithelial cells lose their cell identity and acquire a mesenchymal phenotype. EMT is normally observed during organismal development, wound healing and tissue fibrosis. However, this process can be hijacked by cancer cells and is often associated with resistance to apoptosis, acquisition of tissue invasiveness, cancer stem cell characteristics, and cancer treatment resistance. It is becoming evident that EMT is a complex, multifactorial spectrum, often involving episodic, transient or partial events. Multiple factors have been causally implicated in EMT including transcription factors (e.g., SNAIL, TWIST, ZEB), epigenetic modifications, microRNAs (e.g., miR-200 family) and more recently, long non-coding RNAs. However, the relevance of metabolic pathways in EMT is only recently being recognized. Importantly, alterations in key metabolic pathways affect cancer development and progression. In this review, we report the roles of key EMT factors and describe their interactions and interconnectedness. We introduce metabolic pathways that are involved in EMT, including glycolysis, the TCA cycle, lipid and amino acid metabolism, and characterize the relationship between EMT factors and cancer metabolism. Finally, we present therapeutic opportunities involving EMT, with particular focus on cancer metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Georgakopoulos-Soares
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Dionysios V Chartoumpekis
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Venetsana Kyriazopoulou
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Apostolos Zaravinos
- College of Medicine, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Life Sciences European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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54
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Liu D, Fang Y, Rao Y, Tan W, Zhou W, Wu X, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Sunagawa M, Hisamitsu T, Li G. Synovial fibroblast-derived exosomal microRNA-106b suppresses chondrocyte proliferation and migration in rheumatoid arthritis via down-regulation of PDK4. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:409-423. [PMID: 32152704 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01882-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast-derived exosomes have been reported to transfer microRNAs to recipient cells, where they regulate target gene expression, which is of interest for understanding the basic biology of inflammation, tissue homeostasis, and development of therapeutic approaches. Initial microarray-based analysis carried out in this study identified the rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related differentially expressed gene pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4). Subsequently, the upstream regulatory microRNA-106b (miR-106b) of PDK4 was predicted with bioinformatic analyses. A collagen-induced arthritis (CIA)-induced mouse model was established, and exosomes were isolated from synovial fibroblasts (SFs) and transferred into chondrocytes to identify the role of exosomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We found that PDK4 was poorly expressed in RA cartilage tissues and chondrocytes, while miR-106b was highly expressed in RA SFs and SF-derived exosomes. Notably, PDK4 was confirmed as a target gene of miR-106b. Over-expression of PDK4 promoted the proliferation and migration abilities of chondrocytes and inhibited their apoptosis as well as affected the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)/RANK/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system. Meanwhile, miR-106b was delivered from SFs to chondrocytes through exosomes, which suppressed chondrocyte proliferation and migration and accelerated apoptosis as well as affected the RANKL/RANK/OPG system via down-regulation of PDK4. Furthermore, in vivo results validated that miR-106b inhibition could relieve CIA-induced RA. Taken together, SF-derived exosomal miR-106b stimulates RA initiation by targeting PDK4, indicating a physiologically validated potential approach for the prevention and treatment of RA. KEY MESSAGES: PDK4 is decreased in chondrocytes of RA, while miR-106b is increased in SFBs. PDK4 promotes proliferation and migration of chondrocytes. miR-106b could target 3'UTR of PDK4 gene. SFB-exosomal miR-106b inhibits proliferation and migration of chondrocytes. Inhibition of miR-106b attenuates RA progression in a CIA mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Fang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Rao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunwang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Medical College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, People's Republic of China
| | - Masataka Sunagawa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hisamitsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, No. 368, Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, 225000, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Atas E, Oberhuber M, Kenner L. The Implications of PDK1-4 on Tumor Energy Metabolism, Aggressiveness and Therapy Resistance. Front Oncol 2020. [PMID: 33384955 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis-known as the Warburg effect-is characteristic for many cancers. It gives the cancer cells a survival advantage in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and protects them from cytotoxic effects of oxidative damage and apoptosis. The main regulators of this metabolic shift are the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms 1-4. PDK is known to be overexpressed in several cancers and is associated with bad prognosis and therapy resistance. Whereas the expression of PDK1-3 is tissue specific, PDK4 expression is dependent on the energetic state of the whole organism. In contrast to other PDK isoforms, not only oncogenic, but also tumor suppressive functions of PDK4 have been reported. In tumors that profit from high OXPHOS and high de novo fatty acid synthesis, PDK4 can have a protective effect. This is the case for prostate cancer, the most common cancer in men, and makes PDK4 an interesting therapeutic target. While most work is focused on PDK in tumors characterized by high glycolytic activity, little research is devoted to those cases where PDK4 acts protective and is therefore highly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Atas
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Oberhuber
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Area 'Data & Technologies', CBmed-Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Area 'Data & Technologies', CBmed-Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine GmbH, Graz, Austria
- Unit of Pathology of Laboratory Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Applied Metabolomics (CDL AM), Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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56
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Fukuda R, Aharonov A, Ong YT, Stone OA, El-Brolosy M, Maischein HM, Potente M, Tzahor E, Stainier DY. Metabolic modulation regulates cardiac wall morphogenesis in zebrafish. eLife 2019; 8:50161. [PMID: 31868165 PMCID: PMC7000217 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During cardiac development, cardiomyocytes form complex inner wall structures called trabeculae. Despite significant investigation into this process, the potential role of metabolism has not been addressed. Using single cell resolution imaging in zebrafish, we find that cardiomyocytes seeding the trabecular layer actively change their shape while compact layer cardiomyocytes remain static. We show that Erbb2 signaling, which is required for trabeculation, activates glycolysis to support changes in cardiomyocyte shape and behavior. Pharmacological inhibition of glycolysis impairs cardiac trabeculation, and cardiomyocyte-specific loss- and gain-of-function manipulations of glycolysis decrease and increase trabeculation, respectively. In addition, loss of the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 impairs trabeculation. Experiments with rat neonatal cardiomyocytes in culture further support these observations. Our findings reveal new roles for glycolysis in regulating cardiomyocyte behavior during cardiac wall morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Fukuda
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse, Germany
| | - Alla Aharonov
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yu Ting Ong
- Angiogenesis & Metabolism Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse, Germany
| | - Oliver A Stone
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse, Germany
| | - Mohamed El-Brolosy
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Maischein
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse, Germany
| | - Michael Potente
- Angiogenesis & Metabolism Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse, Germany
| | - Eldad Tzahor
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Didier Yr Stainier
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse, Germany
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Lee MC, Hsiao TH, Chuang HN, Lee LW, Chi PL, Tsai HM, Mao CL, Hsu CP. Molecular profiling of thymoma with myasthenia gravis: Risk factors of developing myasthenia gravis in thymoma patients. Lung Cancer 2019; 139:157-164. [PMID: 31809976 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thymoma is a rare epithelial tumor arising from the thymus in the anterior mediastinum. Nearly 50% of patients with thymoma develop myasthenia gravis, which is an indication of a poor long-term prognosis. Here, we identified specific and effective molecular markers for predicting in the development of myasthenia gravis patients with thymoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS We investigated molecular profiling based on RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) for myasthenia gravis development in patients with thymoma. RNA was extracted from 34 patients with thymoma, 16 of whom had myasthenic and 18 of whom did not, and transcriptome profiles were analyzed through next-generation sequencing. RESULTS We discovered 140 differential expressed genes associated with myasthenia gravis in thymoma patients. The four genes, hypoxia-inducible factor 3 alpha (HIF3A), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, and Krüppel-like factor 15 were differentially expressed in patients with thymoma who has myasthenia gravis and were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. HIF3A expression was significantly higher in patients with myasthenia gravis than in those without. CONCLUSION HIF3A is aberrantly expressed in patient with thymoma who has myasthenia gravis and may be involved in the development of myasthenia gravis in thymoma patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ching Lee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hung Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan; Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ni Chuang
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Lee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Chi
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81362, Taiwan; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81362, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Mei Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Lin Mao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ping Hsu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veteran General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 77002, Taiwan; Division of Thorcic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Buddist Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, 97002, Taiwan.
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58
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Duan XL, Ma CC, Hua J, Xiao TW, Luan J. Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) triggers the malignancy of acute myeloid leukemia cells via upregulation of PDK4. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 62:104693. [PMID: 31629899 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a cancer of hematopoietic stem cells with a rapid progression. Recent studies indicated that endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) are potential risk factors for AML progression. Our present data showed that an industrial endocrine disrupting chemical, Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), can promote the proliferation of AML cells and decrease their sensitivity to daunorubicin (DNR) and cytarabine (Ara-C) treatments. Further, BBP can increase the glucose consumption, lactate generation, and ATP levels of AML cells. Among the measured glycolysis-related genes, BBP can increase the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 4 (PDK4), a mitochondrial protein that regulates the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle. The inhibitor of PDK4 or its specific siRNA can attenuate BBP-induced cell proliferation and ATP generation, which suggested the essential roles of PDK4 in BBP-induced glycolysis and proliferation. Further, BBP can increase the mRNA stability of PDK4, while had no effect on its transcription and protein stability. miR-15b-5p can bind with the 3'UTR of PDK4 to decrease its mRNA stability, while BBP can decrease the expression of miR-15b-5p in AML cells. Collectively, our data showed that BBP can trigger the malignancy of AML cells via regulation of miR-15b-5p/PDK4 signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Liang Duan
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Cong-Cong Ma
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Jing Hua
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Tai-Wu Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Jing Luan
- Department of Hematology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong 252000, China.
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Woolbright BL, Rajendran G, Harris RA, Taylor JA. Metabolic Flexibility in Cancer: Targeting the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Axis. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1673-1681. [PMID: 31511353 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells use alterations of normal metabolic processes to sustain proliferation indefinitely. Transcriptional and posttranscriptional control of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) family is one way in which cancer cells alter normal pyruvate metabolism to fuel proliferation. PDKs can phosphorylate and inactivate the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC), which blocks oxidative metabolism of pyruvate by the mitochondria. This process is thought to enhance cancer cell growth by promoting anabolic pathways. Inhibition of PDKs induces cell death through increased PDH activity and subsequent increases in ROS production. The use of PDK inhibitors has seen widespread success as a potential therapeutic in laboratory models of multiple cancers; however, gaps still exist in our understanding of the biology of PDK regulation and function, especially in the context of individual PDKs. Efforts are currently underway to generate PDK-specific inhibitors and delineate the roles of individual PDK isozymes in specific cancers. The goal of this review is to understand the regulation of the PDK isozyme family, their role in cancer proliferation, and how to target this pathway therapeutically to specifically and effectively reduce cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - John A Taylor
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
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The double inhibition of PDK1 and STAT3-Y705 prevents liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12973. [PMID: 31506552 PMCID: PMC6736869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a key glycolysis enzyme, the significance of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. This study revealed that the prognosis of CRC patients with high levels of PDK1 was poor, and PDK1 knockdown significantly reduced liver metastasis of CRC in both nude mice and immune competent BALB/C mice. When combined with cryptotanshinone (CPT), an inhibitor of STAT3-p-Y705, the liver metastasis was further inhibited. PDK1 knockdown obviously increased reactive oxygen species level in anoikis conditions and subsequently resulted in an elevated anoikis, but the combination of PDK1 knockdown and CPT showed a reduced effect on anoikis. Based on this discrepancy, the adherence ability of CRC cells to matrix protein fibronectin was further detected. It showed that PDK1 knockdown significantly decreased the adherence of CRC cells to fibronectin when combined with CPT. These results suggest that inhibition of PDK1 can decrease the surviving CRC cells in blood circulation via up-regulation of anoikis, and inhibition of STAT3-p-Y705 can prevent it to settle down on the liver premetastatic niche, which ultimately reduces liver metastasis.
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61
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Cho H, Shin I, Cho K, Yoon H, Yoo EK, Kim MJ, Park S, Lee IK, Kim ND, Sim T. Identification of Novel Resorcinol Amide Derivatives as Potent and Specific Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase (PDHK) Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8461-8479. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Cho
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungseon Cho
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojong Yoon
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Yoo
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Kim
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmi Park
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, 2387 Dalgubeol-daero, Suseong-gu, Daegu 42019, Republic of Korea
- NDBio Therapeutics Inc., 32 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21984, Republic of Korea
| | - Taebo Sim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Chemical Kinomics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5 Hwarangro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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The nuclear hypoxia-regulated NLUCAT1 long non-coding RNA contributes to an aggressive phenotype in lung adenocarcinoma through regulation of oxidative stress. Oncogene 2019; 38:7146-7165. [PMID: 31417181 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0935-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with poor prognosis and a high rate of recurrence despite early surgical removal. Hypoxic regions within tumors represent sources of aggressiveness and resistance to therapy. Although long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as major gene expression regulators, their regulation and function following hypoxic stress are still largely unexplored. Combining profiling studies on early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) biopsies and on A549 LUAD cell lines cultured in normoxic or hypoxic conditions, we identified a subset of lncRNAs that are both correlated with the hypoxic status of tumors and regulated by hypoxia in vitro. We focused on a new transcript, NLUCAT1, which is strongly upregulated by hypoxia in vitro and correlated with hypoxic markers and poor prognosis in LUADs. Full molecular characterization showed that NLUCAT1 is a large nuclear transcript composed of six exons and mainly regulated by NF-κB and NRF2 transcription factors. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated invalidation of NLUCAT1 revealed a decrease in proliferative and invasive properties, an increase in oxidative stress and a higher sensitivity to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Transcriptome analysis of NLUCAT1-deficient cells showed repressed genes within the antioxidant and/or cisplatin-response networks. We demonstrated that the concomitant knockdown of four of these genes products, GPX2, GLRX, ALDH3A1, and PDK4, significantly increased ROS-dependent caspase activation, thus partially mimicking the consequences of NLUCAT1 inactivation in LUAD cells. Overall, we demonstrate that NLUCAT1 contributes to an aggressive phenotype in early-stage hypoxic tumors, suggesting it may represent a new potential therapeutic target in LUADs.
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Whole-blood DNA Methylation Markers for Risk Stratification in Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070912. [PMID: 31261771 PMCID: PMC6678372 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation profiles within whole-blood samples have been reported to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) occurrence and might enable risk stratification for CRC. We systematically reviewed and summarized studies addressing the association of whole-blood DNA methylation markers and risk of developing CRC or its precursors. We searched PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge to identify relevant studies published until 12th November 2018. Two reviewers independently extracted data on study population characteristics, candidate genes, methylation measurement methods, methylation levels of patients in comparison to healthy controls, p-values, and odds ratios of the markers. Overall, 19 studies reporting 102 methylation markers for risk assessment of colorectal neoplasms met our inclusion criteria. The studies mostly used Methylation Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (MS-PCR) for assessing the methylation status of a defined set of genes. Only two studies applied array-based genome-wide assays to assess the methylation levels. Five studies incorporated panels consisting of 2–10 individual methylation markers to assess their potential for stratifying the risk of developing colorectal neoplasms. However, none of these associations was confirmed in an independent cohort. In conclusion, whole-blood DNA methylation markers may be useful as biomarkers for risk stratification in CRC screening, but reproducible risk prediction algorithms are yet to be established by large scale epigenome-wide studies with thorough validation of results in prospective study cohorts including large screening populations. The possibilities of enhancing predictive power by combining methylation data with polygenetic risk scores and environmental risk factors need to be explored.
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Tambe Y, Terado T, Kim CJ, Mukaisho KI, Yoshida S, Sugihara H, Tanaka H, Chida J, Kido H, Yamaji K, Yamamoto T, Nakano H, Omura S, Inoue H. Antitumor activity of potent pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 inhibitors from plants in pancreatic cancer. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1726-1737. [PMID: 31106493 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) 4 inhibits its ability to induce a glycolytic shift. PDK4 expression is frequently upregulated in various cancer tissues, with its elevation being critical for the induction of the Warburg effect. PDK4 is an attractive target for cancer therapy given its effect on shifting glucose metabolism. Previous research has highlighted the necessity of identifying a potent compound to suppress PDK4 activity at the submicromolar concentrations. Here we identified natural diterpene quinones (KIS compounds) that inhibit PDK4 at low micromolar concentrations. KIS37 (cryptotanshinone) inhibited anchorage-independent growth in three-dimensional spheroid and soft agar colony formation assays of KRAS-activated human pancreatic (MIAPaCa-2 and Panc-1) and colorectal (DLD-1 and HCT116) cancer cell lines. KIS37 also suppressed KRAS protein expression in such cell lines. Furthermore, KIS37 suppressed phosphorylation of Rb protein and cyclin D1 protein expression via the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway under nonadherent culture conditions and suppressed the expression of cancer stem cell markers CD44, EpCAM, and ALDH1A1 in MIAPaCa-2 cells. KIS37 also suppressed pancreatic cancer cell growth in both subcutaneous xenograft and orthotopic pancreatic tumor models in nude mice at 40 mg/kg (intraperitoneal dose) without any evident toxicity. Reduced ALDH1A1 expression was observed in KIS37-treated pancreatic tumors, suggesting that cancer cell stemness was also suppressed in the orthotopic tumor model. The aforementioned results indicate that KIS37 administration is a novel therapeutic strategy for targeting PDK4 in KRAS-activated intractable human pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Tambe
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tokio Terado
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Chul Jang Kim
- Department of Urology, Kohka Public Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Mukaisho
- Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Saori Yoshida
- Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sugihara
- Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Division of Molecular Physiological Chemistry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Junji Chida
- Division of Enzyme Chemistry, Institute for Enzyme Research, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kido
- Division of Enzyme Chemistry, Institute for Enzyme Research, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kenzaburo Yamaji
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nakano
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Theoretical Medicine, Inc., Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Omura
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Inoue
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
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Strowitzki MJ, Radhakrishnan P, Pavicevic S, Scheer J, Kimmer G, Ritter AS, Tuffs C, Volz C, Vondran F, Harnoss JM, Klose J, Schmidt T, Schneider M. High hepatic expression of PDK4 improves survival upon multimodal treatment of colorectal liver metastases. Br J Cancer 2019; 120:675-688. [PMID: 30808993 PMCID: PMC6461828 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0406-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with borderline resectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) frequently receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) to reduce tumour burden, thus making surgical resection feasible. Even though NC can induce severe liver injury, most studies investigating tissue-based prognostic markers focus on tumour tissue. Here, we assessed the prognostic significance of pyruvate-dehydrogenase-kinase isoenzyme 4 (PDK4) within liver tissue of patients undergoing surgical resection due to CRLM. METHODS Transcript levels of hypoxia-adaptive genes (such as PDK isoenzymes) were assessed in the tissue of healthy liver, corresponding CRLM, healthy colon mucosa and corresponding tumour. Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed. Responses to chemotherapy upon up- or down-regulation of PDK4 were studied in vitro. RESULTS PDK4 expression within healthy liver tissue was associated with increased overall survival and liver function following surgical resection of CRLM. This association was enhanced in patients with NC. PDK4 expression in CRLM tissue did not correlate with overall survival. Up-regulation of PDK4 increased the resistance of hepatocytes and colon cancer cells against chemotherapy-induced toxicity, whereas knockdown of PDK4 enhanced chemotherapy-associated cell damage. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that up-regulated PDK4 expression reduces hepatic chemotherapy-induced oxidative stress and is associated with improved postoperative liver function in patients undergoing multimodal treatment and resection of CRLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz J Strowitzki
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Praveen Radhakrishnan
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Pavicevic
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Scheer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gwendolyn Kimmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alina S Ritter
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher Tuffs
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Volz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Vondran
- Regenerative Medicine and Experimental Surgery (ReMediES), Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jonathan M Harnoss
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Klose
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schneider
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Pin F, Novinger LJ, Huot JR, Harris RA, Couch ME, O'Connell TM, Bonetto A. PDK4 drives metabolic alterations and muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia. FASEB J 2019; 33:7778-7790. [PMID: 30894018 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802799r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cachexia is frequently accompanied by severe metabolic derangements, although the mechanisms responsible for this debilitating condition remain unclear. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)4, a critical regulator of cellular energetic metabolism, was found elevated in experimental models of cancer, starvation, diabetes, and sepsis. Here we aimed to investigate the link between PDK4 and the changes in muscle size in cancer cachexia. High PDK4 and abnormal energetic metabolism were found in the skeletal muscle of colon-26 tumor hosts, as well as in mice fed a diet enriched in Pirinixic acid, previously shown to increase PDK4 levels. Viral-mediated PDK4 overexpression in myotube cultures was sufficient to promote myofiber shrinkage, consistent with enhanced protein catabolism and mitochondrial abnormalities. On the contrary, blockade of PDK4 was sufficient to restore myotube size in C2C12 cultures exposed to tumor media. Our data support, for the first time, a direct role for PDK4 in promoting cancer-associated muscle metabolic alterations and skeletal muscle atrophy.-Pin, F., Novinger, L. J., Huot, J. R., Harris, R. A., Couch, M. E., O'Connell, T. M., Bonetto, A. PDK4 drives metabolic alterations and muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Pin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Center for Cachexia Research, Innovation, and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Leah J Novinger
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Joshua R Huot
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Center for Cachexia Research, Innovation, and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Marion E Couch
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Center for Cachexia Research, Innovation, and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Thomas M O'Connell
- Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Center for Cachexia Research, Innovation, and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andrea Bonetto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Center for Cachexia Research, Innovation, and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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67
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Wang G, Wang JJ, Yin PH, Xu K, Wang YZ, Shi F, Gao J, Fu XL. Strategies for targeting energy metabolism in Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog -mutant colorectal cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1106-1121. [PMID: 30362665 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in cellular energy metabolism play critical roles in colorectal cancer (CRC). These alterations, which correlate to KRAS mutations, have been identified as energy metabolism signatures. This review summarizes the relationship between colorectal tumors associated with mutated KRAS and energy metabolism, especially for the deregulated energy metabolism that affects tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, this review will concentrate on the role of metabolic genes, factors and signaling pathways, which are coupled with the primary energy source connected with the KRAS mutation that induces metabolic alterations. Strategies for targeting energy metabolism in mutated KRAS CRC are also introduced. In conclusion, deregulated energy metabolism has a close relationship with KRAS mutations in colorectal tumors. Therefore, selective inhibitors, agents against metabolic targets or KRAS signaling, may be clinically useful for colorectal tumor treatment through a patient-personalized approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Hao Yin
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Li Fu
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, China
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68
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Yang C, Wang S, Ruan H, Li B, Cheng Z, He J, Zuo Q, Yu C, Wang H, Lv Y, Gu D, Jin G, Yao M, Qin W, Jin H. Downregulation of PDK4 Increases Lipogenesis and Associates with Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:918-926. [PMID: 30854098 PMCID: PMC6400816 DOI: 10.7150/jca.27226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in cellular metabolism are one of the characteristics in cancer. They are not only the result of tumor progression but also the cause of cancer initiation. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) is a key metabolic enzyme, which regulates cell metabolism by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). However, the function and regulating mechanism of PDK4 in HCC remain unclear. Here, we found that the expression of PDK4 was significantly decreased in HCC tissues, and its downregulation could predict poor prognosis of HCC patients. Silencing PDK4 significantly facilitated proliferation and migration of HCC cells. Knockdown of PDK4 didn't influence the oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis capacity of HCC cells in vitro. However, knockdown of PDK4 increased expression of key lipogenic enzymes, fatty acid synthase (FASN) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), which finally induced lipogenesis. These data suggest that PDK4 inhibits proliferation and migration of HCC cells probably via suppressing lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyu Ruan
- Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Botai Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoan Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaozhu Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengtao Yu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dishui Gu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Guangzhi Jin
- Department of Pathology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, China
| | - Ming Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hu J, Yin H, Li B, Yang H. Identification of Transcriptional Metabolic Dysregulation in Subtypes of Pituitary Adenoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:2441-2451. [PMID: 31819570 PMCID: PMC6885545 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s226056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pituitary adenoma (PA) is a prevalent intracranial tumor. Metabolites differ between pituitary tumor and healthy tissues or among different tumor subtypes. However, the transcriptional changes in metabolic enzymes, which are usually seemed as targets for metabolic therapy, remain unidentified. METHODS Using microarray data for 160 samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, across the four most common tumor subtypes, we present the integrated identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumors and controls. RESULTS Subtype-specific DEGs revealed 1081 prolactin tumor-specific DEGs, 437 nonfunctioning tumor-specific DEGs, and 217 common DEGs among the four subtypes. Functional enrichment showed that a lot of biological functions related to metabolism had changed. Twenty-one prolactin and twenty-three nonfunctioning tumor-specific metabolic-related DEGs are mainly involved in fatty acid and nucleotide metabolism, redox reaction, and gluconeogenesis. Eighteen metabolic-related DEGs enriched in the metabolism of xenobiotics by the cytochrome P450 pathway, sulfur metabolism, retinoid metabolism, and glucose homeostasis were abnormal in all subtypes of PA. CONCLUSION Based on a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the available PA-related transcriptomics data, we identified specific DEGs related to metabolism, and some of them might be new attractive therapeutic targets. Especially, PDK4 and PCK1 might be new attractive biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huachun Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Bo Li; Hui Yang Email ;
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Wang J, Qian Y, Gao M. Overexpression of PDK4 is associated with cell proliferation, drug resistance and poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 11:251-262. [PMID: 30636897 PMCID: PMC6307676 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s185015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ovarian cancer is a major type of gynecological malignancy which characterized by the chemoresistance, heterogeneity and highly metastasis. However, the mechanism underlying the progression of ovarian cancer remains elusive. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase family plays critical roles in tumorigenesis, and PDK4 has been demonstrated to be an oncogene in many types of cancers. The aim of this study was to identify the role of PDK4 in ovarian cancer. Methods We explored the PDK4 expression according to the public database containing patients with different effect of chemotherapy. Cell proliferation and invasion assays were used to determine the function of PDK4. Mice xenograft experiment was conducted to test the pro-tumorigenesis function of PDK4 in vivo. Cell apoptosis under treatment of chemo drugs was detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL analysis. Spheroid formation assay and CD133+ cell population were used to determine the PDK4-induced stem-like traits. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to test the expression of PDK4 in ovarian cancer tissues, and Kaplan– Meier curve with log-rank test was performed to determine the association between PDK4 expression and ovarian cancer patients’ prognosis. Results Overexpression of PDK4 markedly promoted cell proliferation, invasion and tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, PDK4 confers cell resistant to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Mechanically, we demonstrated that PDK4 induced stem-like traits. Meanwhile, PDK4 expression was significantly evaluated in ovarian cancer tissues compared to that in adjacent non-cancer tissues, and high expression of PDK4 was associated with poor overall survival and progression-free survival of ovarian cancer patients. Conclusion These results identify a novel role of PDK4 in regulating cell stem-like trait, which directly enhances the cell proliferation, invasion and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer, and targeting PDK4 could be a potential approach for ovarian cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Meiyan Gao
- Department of Biotherapy, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China,
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Efremov YR, Proskurina AS, Potter EA, Dolgova EV, Efremova OV, Taranov OS, Ostanin AA, Chernykh ER, Kolchanov NA, Bogachev SS. Cancer Stem Cells: Emergent Nature of Tumor Emergency. Front Genet 2018; 9:544. [PMID: 30505319 PMCID: PMC6250818 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional analysis of 167 genes overexpressed in Krebs-2 tumor initiating cells was performed. In the first part of the study, the genes were analyzed for their belonging to one or more of the three groups, which represent the three major phenotypic manifestation of malignancy of cancer cells, namely (1) proliferative self-sufficiency, (2) invasive growth and metastasis, and (3) multiple drug resistance. 96 genes out of 167 were identified as possible contributors to at least one of these fundamental properties. It was also found that substantial part of these genes are also known as genes responsible for formation and/or maintenance of the stemness of normal pluri-/multipotent stem cells. These results suggest that the malignancy is simply the ability to maintain the stem cell specific genes expression profile, and, as a consequence, the stemness itself regardless of the controlling effect of stem niches. In the second part of the study, three stress factors combined into the single concept of "generalized cellular stress," which are assumed to activate the expression of these genes, were defined. In addition, possible mechanisms for such activation were identified. The data obtained suggest the existence of a mechanism for the de novo formation of a pluripotent/stem phenotype in the subpopulation of "committed" tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav R Efremov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia S Proskurina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Potter
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenia V Dolgova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oksana V Efremova
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg S Taranov
- The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Ostanin
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena R Chernykh
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey S Bogachev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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72
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Wang G, Wang JJ, Yin PH, Xu K, Wang YZ, Shi F, Gao J, Fu XL. Strategies to target energy metabolism in consensus molecular subtype 3 along with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog mutations for colorectal cancer therapy. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:5601-5612. [PMID: 30341899 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in cellular energy metabolism play a critical role in colorectal cancer (CRC), which has been identified as the definition of consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs), and CMS3 tumors exhibit energy metabolism signatures along with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS)-activating mutations. This review summarizes the relationship between CMS3 tumors associated with mutated KRAS and energy metabolism in CRC, especially for the dysregulated energy metabolism that affects tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Furthermore, this review concentrates on the role of metabolic genes and factors and signaling pathways, which coupled with a primary energy source connected with the CMS3 associated with mutated KRAS, induce metabolic alterations. The strategies to target energy metabolism for the metabolic alterations in mutated KRAS CRC are also introduced. In conclusion, dysregulated energy metabolism has a close relationship with mutated KRAS in CMS3 tumors. Therefore, selective inhibitors or agents against metabolic targets or KRAS signaling may be clinically useful for CMS3 tumor treatment through a personalized approach for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Hao Yin
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Interventional Cancer Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Wang
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing-Li Fu
- Department of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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73
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Wang F, Zu Y, Huang W, Chen H, Xie H, Yang Y. LncRNA CALML3-AS1 promotes tumorigenesis of bladder cancer via regulating ZBTB2 by suppression of microRNA-4316. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:171-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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74
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The miR-15b-5p/PDK4 axis regulates osteosarcoma proliferation through modulation of the Warburg effect. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2749-2757. [PMID: 30093112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Blocking aerobic glycolysis has been proposed as an attractive therapeutic strategy for impairing the proliferation of cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that miR-15b-5p was downregulated in osteosarcoma (OS) and that lower expression of miR-15b-5p promoted proliferation and contributed to the Warburg effect in OS cells. Mechanistically, miR-15b-5p acted as a tumor suppressor in OS by directly targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 and inhibiting its expression. These results reveal a previously unknown function of miR-15b-5p in OS, which is associated with metabolic alterations that promote cancer progression. miR-15b-5p may play an essential role in the molecular therapy of patients with OS.
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75
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Hsu YL, Hung JY, Lee YL, Chen FW, Chang KF, Chang WA, Tsai YM, Chong IW, Kuo PL. Identification of novel gene expression signature in lung adenocarcinoma by using next-generation sequencing data and bioinformatics analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104831-104854. [PMID: 29285217 PMCID: PMC5739604 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. We showed transcriptomic profiles in three pairs of tumors and adjacent non-tumor lung tissues using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to screen protein-coding RNAs and microRNAs. Combined with meta-analysis from the Oncomine and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, we identified a representative genetic expression signature in lung adenocarcinoma. There were 9 upregulated genes, and 8 downregulated genes in lung adenocarcinoma. The analysis of the effects from each gene expression on survival outcome indicated that 6 genes (AGR2, SPDEF, CDKN2A, CLDN3, SFN, and PHLDA2) play oncogenic roles, and 7 genes (PDK4, FMO2, CPED1, GNG11, IL33, BTNL9, and FABP4) act as tumor suppressors in lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, we also identified putative genetic interactions, in which there were 5 upregulated microRNAs with specific targets - hsa-miR-183-5p-BTNL9, hsa-miR-33b-5p-CPED1, hsa-miR-429-CPED1, hsa-miR-182-5p-FMO2, and hsa-miR-130b-5p-IL33. These 5 microRNAs have been shown to be associated with tumorigenesis in lung cancer. Our findings suggest that these genetic interactions play important roles in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. We propose that this molecular change of genetic expression may represent a novel signature in lung adenocarcinoma, which may be developed for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yu Hung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Division of Thoracic surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Wei Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-An Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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76
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Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 exhibits a novel role in the activation of mutant KRAS, regulating cell growth in lung and colorectal tumour cells. Oncogene 2017; 36:6164-6176. [PMID: 28692044 PMCID: PMC5671936 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RAS signalling is involved in the control of several metabolic pathways including glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration and glutamine metabolism. Importantly, we have found here that loss of PDHK4, a key regulator of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, caused a profound cell growth inhibition in tumour cells harbouring KRAS mutations. Using isogenic cells and a panel of colorectal and lung cell lines we demonstrated that KRAS mutant cells showed a dependency on PDHK4 whereas KRAS wild-type cells were significantly resistant to PDHK4 knockdown. We have found that PDHK4 plays a role in the post-translational regulation of mutant KRAS activity. Depletion of PDHK4 causes disruption of KRAS cellular localization, a reduction in KRAS activity which, in turn, results in reduced MAPK signalling. Interestingly, PDHK4 and KRAS depletion resulted in a similar metabolic phenotype consisting of a reduction of glucose and fatty acid oxidation. Moreover, stable expression of PDHK4 increased localization of activated KRAS at the plasma membrane and induced tumour cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Taken together these data support a model where PDHK4 regulates KRAS signalling and its tumorigenic properties and suggest that inhibition of PDHK4 could represent a novel therapeutic strategy to target KRAS mutant colorectal and lung cancers.
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