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Cokarić Brdovčak M, Zubković A, Jurak I. Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Deregulation of Host MicroRNAs. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:ncrna4040036. [PMID: 30477082 PMCID: PMC6316616 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4040036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses utilize microRNAs (miRNAs) in a vast variety of possible interactions and mechanisms, apparently far beyond the classical understanding of gene repression in humans. Likewise, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) expresses numerous miRNAs and deregulates the expression of host miRNAs. Several HSV-1 miRNAs are abundantly expressed in latency, some of which are encoded antisense to transcripts of important productive infection genes, indicating their roles in repressing the productive cycle and/or in maintenance/reactivation from latency. In addition, HSV-1 also exploits host miRNAs to advance its replication or repress its genes to facilitate latency. Here, we discuss what is known about the functional interplay between HSV-1 and the host miRNA machinery, potential targets, and the molecular mechanisms leading to an efficient virus replication and spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Cokarić Brdovčak
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, R. Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Andreja Zubković
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, R. Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Igor Jurak
- Laboratory for Molecular Virology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, R. Matejčić 2, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
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52
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Ma Y, Zeng Q, Wang M, Cheng A, Jia R, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhao XX, Liu M, Zhu D, Chen S, Zhang S, Liu Y, Yu Y, Zhang L, Chen X. US10 Protein Is Crucial but not Indispensable for Duck Enteritis Virus Infection in Vitro. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16510. [PMID: 30405139 PMCID: PMC6220328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34503-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the function of the duck enteritis virus (DEV) tegument protein US10, we generated US10 deletion and revertant mutants (ΔUS10 and US10FRT) via two-step RED recombination based on an infectious BAC clone of DEV CHv-BAC-G (BAC-G). In multistep growth kinetic analyses, ΔUS10 showed an approximately 100-fold reduction in viral titer, while the genome copies decreased only 4-fold compared to those of BAC-G. In one-step growth kinetic analyses, there were no significant differences in genome copies among BAC-G, ΔUS10 and US10FRT, but ΔUS10 still showed a 5- to 20-fold reduction in viral titer, and the replication defect of ΔUS10 was partially reversed by infection of US10-expressing cells. The transcription levels of Mx, OASL, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 in ΔUS10-infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) were significantly upregulated, while TLR3 was downregulated compared with those in BAC-G-infected DEFs. Taken together, these data indicated that US10 is vital for DEV replication and is associated with transcription of some immunity genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchao Ma
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Qiurui Zeng
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China.
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Yunya Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Yu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
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Wei RJ, Wu WR, Pan CT, Yu CY, Li CF, Chen LR, Liang SS, Shiue YL. Inhibition of the formation of autophagosome but not autolysosome augments ABT-751-induced apoptosis in TP53-deficient Hep-3B cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9551-9563. [PMID: 30367486 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to investigate the upstream mechanisms of apoptosis which were triggered by a novel antimicrotubule drug, ABT-751, in a tumor protein p53 ( TP53)-deficient hepatocellular carcinoma-derived Hep-3B cells. A series of in vitro assays indicated that ABT-751 caused the disruption of the mitotic spindle structure, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, generation of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, G 2 /M cell cycle arrest, inhibition of anchorage-independent cell growth and apoptosis in Hep-3B cells accompanied by alteration of the expression levels of several DNA damage checkpoint proteins and cell cycle regulators. Subsequently, ABT-751 triggered apoptosis along with markedly upregulated several proapoptotic proteins involving in extrinsic, intrinsic, and caspase-mediated apoptotic pathways. A pan-caspase inhibitor suppressed ABT-751-induced apoptosis. ABT-751 also induced autophagy soon after the occurrence of apoptosis through the suppression of AKT serine/threonine kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway. Exogenous expression of the TP53 gene significantly incurred both apoptosis and autophagy in Hep-3B cells. Pharmacological inhibition of autophagosome (early autophagy) but not autolysosome (late autophagy) enhanced ABT-751-induced apoptosis in TP53-deficient Hep-3B cells. Our study provided a new strategy to augment ABT-751-induced apoptosis in TP53-deficient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jie Wei
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ren Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tang Pan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Yu
- Liver Transplantation Program, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institute, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ren Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Division of Physiology, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tanina, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Shin Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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54
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Lu J, Xu D, Lu L. A novel cell line established from caudal fin tissue of Carassius auratus gibelio is susceptible to cyprinid herpesvirus 2 infection with the induction of apoptosis. Virus Res 2018; 258:19-27. [PMID: 30268797 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Herpesviral haematopoietic necrosis induced by cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) in Carassius auratus gibelio has caused huge economic losses in aquaculture. To better characterize this pathogen at molecular and cellular levels, it is necessary to study its pathogenesis in a sustainable cell line. In this study, a new cell line (GiCF) from the caudal fin of Carassius auratus gibelio (C. a. gibelio) was established and characterised. Typical cytopathic effect represented by characteristic morphological changes was induced in the cells at the 7th day post infection with CyHV-2, which was isolated from diseased C. a. gibeli. The susceptibility of GiCF to CyHV-2 was further demonstrated by the presence of viral assembling factory in the cytoplasm unveiled by transmission electron microscopy, and viral protein synthesis through immunofluorescence and Western blot assays. Sustainable propagation of CyHV-2 in GiCF had been demonstrated by virus infection and titration assays in a consecutive manner. The virus titer reached 104.9±0.22 TCID50/ml, and infectious CyHV-2 was produced from the GiCF cells over 30 subcultures from the established cell lines. In addition, apoptosis was observed in the GiCF cells upon CyHV-2 infection by DAPI staining, TUNEL and Annexin V staining, and quantitative expression patterns of caspase genes suggested that caspase activation might involve in CyHV-2 induced apoptosis. In summary, a new cell line, GiCF, susceptible to CyHV-2 infection was established from caudal fin tissue of C. a. gibelio, and it should serve as an ideal infection platform to characterize CyHV-2 and its pathogenic effect including apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Marine and Life Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Dan Xu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China.
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55
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Mészáros I, Olasz F, Kádár-Hürkecz E, Bálint Á, Hornyák Á, Belák S, Zádori Z. Cellular localisation of the proteins of region 3 of feline enteric coronavirus. Acta Vet Hung 2018; 66:493-508. [PMID: 30264619 DOI: 10.1556/004.2018.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Feline enteric coronaviruses have three open reading frames (ORFs) in region 3 (3a, 3b, and 3c). All three ORFs were expressed with C-terminal eGFP and 3xFLAG tags in different cell lines and their localisation was determined. ORF 3a is predicted to contain DNA-binding and transcription activator domains, and it is localised in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. ORF 3b is also predicted to contain DNA-binding and activator domains, and was found to localise in the mitochondrion. Besides that, in some of the non-infected and FIPV-infected cells nucleolar, perinuclear or nuclear membrane accumulation of the eGFP-tagged 3b was observed. The exact compartmental localisation of ORF 3c is yet to be determined. However, based on our co-localisation studies 3c does not seem to be localised in the ER-Golgi network, ERGIC or peroxisomes. The expression of 3c-eGFP is clearly cell type dependent, it is more stable in MARC 145 cells than in Fcwf-4 or CrFK cells, which might reflect in vivo stability differences of 3c in natural target cells (enterocytes vs. monocytes/macrophages).
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Affiliation(s)
- István Mészáros
- 1 Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Olasz
- 1 Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Enikő Kádár-Hürkecz
- 1 Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
- 2 National Institute of Environmental Health, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Bálint
- 3 National Food Chain Safety Office Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Hornyák
- 3 National Food Chain Safety Office Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Belák
- 4 Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health (BVF), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zoltán Zádori
- 1 Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungária krt. 21, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary
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56
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Xie J, Zeng Q, Wang M, Ou X, Ma Y, Cheng A, Zhao XX, Liu M, Zhu D, Chen S, Jia R, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhang S, Liu Y, Yu Y, Zhang L, Chen X. Transcriptomic Characterization of a Chicken Embryo Model Infected With Duck Hepatitis A Virus Type 1. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1845. [PMID: 30197639 PMCID: PMC6117380 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) is one of the most common and lethal pathogens in young ducklings. Live-attenuated DHAV vaccine (CH60 strain) developed by passaging in chicken embryos provided effective immune protection for ducklings. However, the accurate mechanism for such adaption in chicken embryos is not fully revealed. Here, we utilize RNA-sequencing to perform global transcriptional analysis of DHAV-1-innoculated embryonated livers along with histopathological and ultrastructural analysis. This study revealed that infection with DHAV-1 strain CH60 is associated with enhanced type I and II interferon responses, activated innate immune responses, elevated levels of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and 3 (SOCS1 and SOCS3) accompanied with abnormalities in multiple metabolic pathways. Excessive inflammatory and innate immune responses induced by the CH60 strain are related to severe liver damage. Our study presents a comprehensive characterization of the transcriptome of chicken embryos infected with DHAV-CH60 and provides insight for in-depth exploration of viral adaption and virus–host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Xie
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Qiurui Zeng
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Yunchao Ma
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Yunya Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Yanling Yu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
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57
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Zhao C, Wang M, Cheng A, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhu D, Chen S, Liu M, Zhao X, Jia R, Sun K, Chen X. Programmed cell death: the battlefield between the host and alpha-herpesviruses and a potential avenue for cancer treatment. Oncotarget 2018; 9:30704-30719. [PMID: 30093980 PMCID: PMC6078129 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Programed cell death is an antiviral mechanism by which the host limits viral replication and protects uninfected cells. Many viruses encode proteins resistant to programed cell death to escape the host immune defenses, which indicates that programed cell death is more favorable for the host immune defense. Alpha-herpesviruses are pathogens that widely affect the health of humans and animals in different communities worldwide. Alpha-herpesviruses can induce apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis through different molecular mechanisms. This review concisely illustrates the different pathways of apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis induced by alpha-herpesviruses. These pathways influence viral infection and replication and are a potential avenue for cancer treatment. This review will increase our understanding of the role of programed cell death in the host immune defense and provides new possibilities for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuankuo Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - XinXin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Kunfeng Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
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58
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Varicella-Zoster Virus ORF63 Protects Human Neuronal and Keratinocyte Cell Lines from Apoptosis and Changes Its Localization upon Apoptosis Induction. J Virol 2018; 92:JVI.00338-18. [PMID: 29593042 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00338-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many facets of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) pathogenesis that are not fully understood, such as the mechanisms involved in the establishment of lifelong latency, reactivation, and development of serious conditions like postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Virus-encoded modulation of apoptosis has been suggested to play an important role in these processes. VZV open reading frame 63 (ORF63) has been shown to modulate apoptosis in a cell-type-specific manner, but the impact of ORF63 on cell death pathways has not been examined in isolation in the context of human cells. We sought to elucidate the effect of VZV ORF63 on apoptosis induction in human neuron and keratinocyte cell lines. VZV ORF63 was shown to protect differentiated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells against staurosporine-induced apoptosis. In addition, VZV infection did not induce high levels of apoptosis in the HaCaT human keratinocyte line, highlighting a delay in apoptosis induction. VZV ORF63 was shown to protect HaCaT cells against both staurosporine- and Fas ligand-induced apoptosis. Confocal microscopy was utilized to examine VZV ORF63 localization during apoptosis induction. In VZV infection and ORF63 expression alone, VZV ORF63 became more cytoplasmic, with aggregate formation during apoptosis induction. Taken together, this suggests that VZV ORF63 protects both differentiated SH-SY5Y cells and HaCaT cells from apoptosis induction and may mediate this effect through its localization change during apoptosis. VZV ORF63 is a prominent VZV gene product in both productive and latent infection and thus may play a critical role in VZV pathogenesis by aiding neuron and keratinocyte survival.IMPORTANCE VZV, a human-specific alphaherpesvirus, causes chicken pox during primary infection and establishes lifelong latency in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Reactivation of VZV causes shingles, which is often followed by a prolonged pain syndrome called postherpetic neuralgia. It has been suggested that the ability of the virus to modulate cell death pathways is linked to its ability to establish latency and reactivate. The significance of our research lies in investigating the ability of ORF63, a VZV gene product, to inhibit apoptosis in novel cell types crucial for VZV pathogenesis. This will allow an increased understanding of critical enigmatic components of VZV pathogenesis.
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59
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Xie J, Wang M, Cheng A, Zhao XX, Liu M, Zhu D, Chen S, Jia R, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhang S, Liu Y, Yu Y, Zhang L, Sun K, Chen X. Cytokine storms are primarily responsible for the rapid death of ducklings infected with duck hepatitis A virus type 1. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6596. [PMID: 29700351 PMCID: PMC5920089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24729-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck hepatitis A virus type 1 (DHAV-1) is one of the most harmful pathogens in the duck industry. The infection of adult ducks with DHAV-1 was previously shown to result in transient cytokine storms in their kidneys. To understand how DHAV-1 infection impacts the host liver, we conducted animal experiments with the virulent CH DHAV-1 strain and the attenuated CH60 commercial vaccine strain. Visual observation and standard hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to detect pathological damage in the liver, and viral copy numbers and cytokine expression in the liver were evaluated by quantitative PCR. The CH strain (108.4 copies/mg) had higher viral titers than the CH60 strain (104.9 copies/mg) in the liver and caused ecchymotic hemorrhaging on the liver surface. Additionally, livers from ducklings inoculated with the CH strain were significantly infiltrated by numerous red blood cells, accompanied by severe cytokine storms, but similar signs were not observed in the livers of ducklings inoculated with the CH60 strain. In conclusion, the severe cytokine storm caused by the CH strain apparently induces hemorrhagic lesions in the liver, which might be a key factor in the rapid death of ducklings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Xie
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin-Xin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunya Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Yu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunfeng Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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60
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Duck plague virus Glycoprotein J is functional but slightly impaired in viral replication and cell-to-cell spread. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4069. [PMID: 29511274 PMCID: PMC5840427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To analyse the function of the duck plague virus (DPV) glycoprotein J homologue (gJ), two different mutated viruses, a gJ deleted mutant ΔgJ and a gJR rescue mutant gJR with US5 restored were generated. All recombinant viruses were constructed by using two-step of RED recombination system implemented on the duck plague virus Chinese virulent strain (DPV CHv) genome cloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome. DPV-mutants were characterized on non-complementing DEF cells compared with parental virus. Viral replication kinetics of intracellular and extracellular viruses revealed that the ΔgJ virus produce a 10-fold reduction of viral titers than the gJR and parental virus, which especially the production of extracellular infectivity was affected. In addition, the ΔgJ virus produced viral plaques on DEF cells that was on average approximately 11% smaller than those produced by the gJR and parental viruses. Electron microscopy confirmed that although DPV CHv without gJ could efficiently carry out viral replication, virion assembly and envelopment within infected cells, the ΔgJ virus produced and accumulated high levels of anuclear particles in the nuclear and cytoplasm. These results show that the gJ slightly impaired in viral replication, virion assembly and cell-to-cell spread, and is not essential in virion envelopment.
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61
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Ponraj T, Vivek R, Paulpandi M, Rejeeth C, Nipun Babu V, Vimala K, Anand K, Sivaselvam S, Vasanthakumar A, Ponpandian N, Kannan S. Mitochondrial dysfunction-induced apoptosis in breast carcinoma cells through a pH-dependent intracellular quercetin NDDS of PVPylated-TiO2NPs. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3555-3570. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00769a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report the validation of cancer nanotherapy for treatment of cancers using quercetin (Qtn).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thondhi Ponraj
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Physiology Lab
- Department of Zoology
- School of Life Sciences
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore 641 046
| | - Raju Vivek
- Chemical Biology
- Nano Drug Delivery Systems
- Bio-Innovation Center
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology
- Thiruvananthapuram
| | - Manickam Paulpandi
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Physiology Lab
- Department of Zoology
- School of Life Sciences
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore 641 046
| | - Chandrababu Rejeeth
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Med-X Research Institute
- Xuhui District
- China
| | - Varukattu Nipun Babu
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Physiology Lab
- Department of Zoology
- School of Life Sciences
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore 641 046
| | | | - Krishnan Anand
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences
- University of KwaZulu-Natal
- Durban 4001
- South Africa
| | - Subramani Sivaselvam
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore – 641 046
- India
| | - Alagarsamy Vasanthakumar
- Division of Bio-materials and Nanomedicine
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore – 641 046
| | - Nagamony Ponpandian
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology
- Bharathiar University
- Coimbatore – 641 046
- India
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62
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Scherer
- Department of Molecular Biology & Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Lynn W Enquist
- Department of Molecular Biology & Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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