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Zhao J, Chen Y, Xu Z, Yang W, Zhu Z, Song Y, Liu J. Increased circulating follicular regulatory T cells in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Autoimmunity 2018; 51:345-351. [PMID: 30343599 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2018.1516759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Sian International Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyao Xu
- Institute of Translational Medcine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology Center for Microbiota & Immune Related Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongliang Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingxiang Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Zhao J, Chen Y, Zhao Q, Shi J, Yang W, Zhu Z, Yu W, Guan J, Song Y, Wu H, Jin W, Zhou Y, Liu J. Increased circulating Tfh17 and PD-1 +Tfh cells are associated with autoantibodies in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Autoimmunity 2018; 51:352-359. [PMID: 30345813 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2018.1516761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is characterized by autoantibodies targeting the thyroid. Abnormal CD4+CXCR5+T cell levels were previously shown to be associated with HT. However, Tfh cells consist of heterogeneous subpopulations, and which T follicular helper (Tfh) cell subpopulation participates in the pathogenesis of HT remains poorly understood. METHODS Thirty healthy controls (HCs) and 52 HT patients were enrolled in the study. The percentages of Tfh, ICOS+Tfh, PD1+Tfh, Tfh1, Tfh2, Tfh17, effector Tfh, resting Tfh, effector memory Tfh, central memory Tfh, and naïve Tfh cells in the peripheral blood were all determined via flow cytometry, and the associations between the percentages of these cells and thyroid function indices were also investigated. RESULTS The percentage of Tfh cells was significantly higher in HT patients than in HCs. Examination of the Tfh cell subsets revealed that the percentages of Tfh1, Tfh2, and resting Tfh cells were significantly decreased, while those of the ICOS+Tfh, PD1+Tfh, Tfh17, and effector Tfh cells were significantly increased in HT patients. No significant differences in effector memory, central memory or naïve Tfh cell percentages were noted between the HC and HT groups. Furthermore, the percentage of PD1+Tfh cells was positively correlated with anti-thyroglobulin antibody levels. Most importantly, only Tfh17 cell percentages were positively correlated with anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody levels and were negatively correlated serum free T3 and free T4 levels in HT patients. CONCLUSIONS Increased circulating Tfh17 cell and PD1+Tfh percentages are associated with higher autoantibody levels in HT patients, which imply that Tfh17 or PD1+Tfh cells may play a pathogenic role in the development of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Zhao
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory , Zhejiang Sian International Hospital , Jiaxing , PR China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- b Department of Rheumatology , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Qing Zhao
- c Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine , Shanghai JiaoTong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai , PR China
| | - Jie Shi
- d Department of Clinical Laboratory , Cixi People's Hospital , Cixi , PR China
| | - Wei Yang
- e Department of Clinical Laboratory , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Zhongliang Zhu
- e Department of Clinical Laboratory , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Wenge Yu
- e Department of Clinical Laboratory , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Jinju Guan
- e Department of Clinical Laboratory , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Yingxiang Song
- f Department of Endocrinology , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Hui Wu
- f Department of Endocrinology , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Weidong Jin
- e Department of Clinical Laboratory , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Yonglie Zhou
- e Department of Clinical Laboratory , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , PR China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- e Department of Clinical Laboratory , Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou , PR China.,g Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province , Hangzhou , PR China
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Turpin D, Furudoi A, Parrens M, Blanco P, Viallard JF, Duluc D. Increase of follicular helper T cells skewed toward a Th1 profile in CVID patients with non-infectious clinical complications. Clin Immunol 2018; 197:130-138. [PMID: 30219667 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by low levels of circulating immunoglobulins and defects in B cell maturation leading to an increased susceptibility to infections. Some patients develop complications such as autoimmune diseases, enteropathy, and lymphoproliferation, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality. Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are specialized in helping B cell differentiation into Ig-producing cells. Three subsets have been described, namely non B-cell helper Tfh1 and the two B-helper cell subsets Tfh2 and Tfh17. We determined that circulating Tfh cells were elevated in CVID patients and skewed toward a Tfh1 profile. Interestingly, elevated levels of Tfh1 cells were significant only in patients harboring non-infectious complications regardless of the type of complication and inversely correlated with switched memory B cells. Moreover, CXCR3+ cells are increased in splenic CVID germinal centers. Our observations suggest that the altered balance in Tfh subsets in CVID is linked to a more severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Turpin
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS-UMR 5164, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service d'immunologie et immunogénétique, Place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Adeline Furudoi
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service de Pathologie, Hôpital du Haut-Lévêque, Groupe Sud CHU de Bordeaux, Avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Marie Parrens
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service de Pathologie, Hôpital du Haut-Lévêque, Groupe Sud CHU de Bordeaux, Avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Patrick Blanco
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS-UMR 5164, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service d'immunologie et immunogénétique, Place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service de médecine interne, Hôpital du Haut-Lévêque, avenue Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Jean-François Viallard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Service de médecine interne, Hôpital du Haut-Lévêque, avenue Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Dorothée Duluc
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS-UMR 5164, Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
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The exhausted CD4+CXCR5+ T cells involve the pathogenesis of human tuberculosis disease. Int J Infect Dis 2018; 74:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Chen Y, Lin W, Yang H, Wang M, Zhang P, Feng R, Chen H, Peng L, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Zeng X, Zhang F, Zhang W, Lipsky PE. Aberrant Expansion and Function of Follicular Helper T Cell Subsets in IgG4-Related Disease. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 70:1853-1865. [PMID: 29781221 PMCID: PMC6220938 DOI: 10.1002/art.40556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine the number and function of follicular helper T (Tfh) cell subsets in IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD). Methods Mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood and involved tissue of patients with IgG4‐RD were assessed for Tfh cells and their subsets, and levels of B cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl‐6), B lymphocyte–induced maturation protein 1 (BLIMP‐1), and interleukin‐21 (IL‐21) messenger RNA (mRNA). Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence techniques were used to assess the involved tissue of patients to determine the location of IL‐21, Bcl‐6, and CD4+CXCR5+ Tfh cells. Furthermore, the ability of circulating Tfh (cTfh) cell subsets to induce B cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation and to produce IgG4 was explored in cell cocultures in vitro. Results Frequencies of cTfh cells were significantly increased in the peripheral blood of patients with IgG4‐RD, and even higher frequencies were observed in the involved tissue. Percentages of programmed cell death protein 1 in CD4+CXCR5+ICOS+ cTfh cells were positively correlated with the serum levels of IgG and IgG4, IgG4:IgG ratio, number of involved organs, and frequency of CD19+CD24−CD38high plasmablasts/plasma cells. Levels of BLIMP‐1 and IL‐21 mRNA in peripheral CD4+ T cells were increased in patients with IgG4‐RD compared to healthy controls, and this was correlated with the levels of serum IgG4. Moreover, in the involved tissue, Bcl‐6, IL‐21, and Tfh cells were highly expressed. Compared to cTfh cells from healthy controls, cTfh cells from patients with IgG4‐RD could facilitate B cell proliferation and inhibit B cell apoptosis more efficiently, and enhanced the differentiation of naive B cells into switched memory B cells and plasmablasts/plasma cells, with a resultant increase in the secretion of IgG4. Notably, the cTfh1 and cTfh2 cell subsets were the most effective at providing B cell help. Conclusion Tfh cell subsets are expanded in IgG4‐RD and may play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, and Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Hebei Provincial General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongxian Yang
- Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Mu Wang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruie Feng
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Linyi Peng
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengchun Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Yuan X, Qu P, Fang J, Cai S, Fu S. Effect of Epidural Anesthesia on the Immune Function of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.826.834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Xu X, Li Y, Liang Y, Yin M, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Huang L, Ni J. MiR-18a and miR-17 are positively correlated with circulating PD-1 +ICOS + follicular helper T cells after hepatitis B vaccination in a chinese population. BMC Immunol 2018; 19:25. [PMID: 30055570 PMCID: PMC6064088 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-018-0263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background While vaccination remains the most effective method to control hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, 5–10% of recipients exhibit non-responsiveness to the HB vaccine. Immunological analysis of strong, weak or absent protective antibody responses to the HB vaccine should provide insights into the mechanisms that contribute to non-responsiveness. Results We investigated the potential involvement of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells in the immune response to HB vaccine, and associations between the miR-17–92 cluster and Tfh cells. We recruited 12 adults who had completed the HB vaccination course during childhood. Following a booster dose of HB vaccine, hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) titers, percentage of PD-1+ICOS+ circulating Tfh (cTfh) and plasma cells, and expression of miR-17–92 were assessed at baseline (before immunization) and after vaccination on days 7 and 14. Notably, the HBsAb level gradually increased after HB vaccination while the proportion of PD-1+ICOS+ cTfh cells was significantly increased on day 7 relative to baseline, so as plasma cells. Expression of miR-18a and miR-17 within the miR-17–92 cluster and HBsAb titers in CD4+ T cells were positively correlated with the PD-1+ICOS+ cTfh cells proportions after HB vaccination. Conclusions The increase in HBsAb titers was positively associated with expression of all the components of the miR-17–92 cluster except miR-19a. Our findings indicate that the miR-17–92 cluster contributes to antibody production, and miR-18a and miR-17 are involved in Tfh cells differentiation after HB vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Xu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yulian Li
- Dalang Community Health Service Centers, Dongguan, 523770, China
| | - Yaping Liang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Mingjuan Yin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Zuwei Yu
- Dalang Community Health Service Centers, Dongguan, 523770, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Lingfeng Huang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jindong Ni
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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Meng X, Yu X, Dong Q, Xu X, Li J, Xu Q, Ma J, Zhou C. Distribution of circulating follicular helper T cells and expression of interleukin-21 and chemokine C-X-C ligand 13 in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:3917-3922. [PMID: 30128008 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating follicular helper T (cTfh) cells are a novel subset of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ helper T cells. Interleukin (IL)-21 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)13 are the principal effectors and chemotactic regulatory factors of Tfh. However, the roles of IL-21 and CXCL13 in gastric cancer have not yet been completely elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of cTfh cells, and the expression of IL-21 and CXCL13 in patients with gastric cancer was evaluated in order to ascertain the significance and potential mechanisms of these effectors in gastric cancer. A total of 50 patients with gastric cancer were enrolled as the study subjects, with 30 healthy individuals selected as controls. The percentage of cTfh cells (cTfh%) in the peripheral blood was calculated using flow cytometry. They are identified in the present study as CD4+ chemokine C-X-C receptor (CXCR)5+ inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS)+ cells. The serum levels of IL-21 and CXCL13 were determined by ELISA. The cTfh% in the peripheral blood and the concentration of IL-21 and CXCL13 in the serum were significantly higher in patients with gastric cancer compared with the control group. cTfh% was significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis, Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage III-IV and low differentiation. The concentrations of IL-21 and CXCL13 in patients with lymph node metastasis and/or TNM III-IV were significantly higher than in those without lymph node metastasis or with TNM I-II. There was a positive correlation between cTfh%/CXCL13 and IL-21/CXCL13, while there was no correlation between cTfh%/IL-21. cTfh cells and associated factors (IL-21/CXCL13) may be involved in the development and progression of gastric cancer. There may be mutual regulation among cTfh cells, IL-21 and CXCL13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Meng
- Department of Health Care, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xinjuan Yu
- Central Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Quanjiang Dong
- Central Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaona Xu
- Central Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Central Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Department of Health Care, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of Health Care, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Changhong Zhou
- Department of Health Care, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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A High Frequency of HIV-Specific Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells Is Associated with Preserved Memory B Cell Responses in HIV Controllers. mBio 2018; 9:mBio.00317-18. [PMID: 29739909 PMCID: PMC5941072 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00317-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T cells (Tfh) play an essential role in the affinity maturation of the antibody response by providing help to B cells. To determine whether this CD4+ T cell subset may contribute to the spontaneous control of HIV infection, we analyzed the phenotype and function of circulating Tfh (cTfh) in patients from the ANRS CO21 CODEX cohort who naturally controlled HIV-1 replication to undetectable levels and compared them to treated patients with similarly low viral loads. HIV-specific cTfh (Tet+), detected by Gag-major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) tetramer labeling in the CD45RA− CXCR5+ CD4+ T cell population, proved more frequent in the controller group (P = 0.002). The frequency of PD-1 expression in Tet+ cTfh was increased in both groups (median, >75%) compared to total cTfh (<30%), but the intensity of PD-1 expression per cell remained higher in the treated patient group (P = 0.02), pointing to the persistence of abnormal immune activation in treated patients. The function of cTfh, analyzed by the capacity to promote IgG secretion in cocultures with autologous memory B cells, did not show major differences between groups in terms of total IgG production but proved significantly more efficient in the controller group when measuring HIV-specific IgG production. The frequency of Tet+ cTfh correlated with HIV-specific IgG production (R = 0.71 for Gag-specific and R = 0.79 for Env-specific IgG, respectively). Taken together, our findings indicate that key cTfh-B cell interactions are preserved in controlled HIV infection, resulting in potent memory B cell responses that may play an underappreciated role in HIV control. The rare patients who spontaneously control HIV replication in the absence of therapy provide a unique model to identify determinants of an effective anti-HIV immune response. HIV controllers show signs of particularly efficient antiviral T cell responses, while their humoral response was until recently considered to play only a minor role in viral control. However, emerging evidence suggests that HIV controllers maintain a significant but “silent” antiviral memory B cell population that can be reactivated upon antigenic stimulation. We report that cTfh help likely contributes to the persistence of controller memory B cell responses, as the frequency of HIV-specific cTfh correlated with the induction of HIV-specific antibodies in functional assays. These findings suggest that T follicular help may contribute to HIV control and highlight the need for inducing such help in HIV vaccine strategies that aim at eliciting persistent B cell responses.
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Srivastava RK, Dar HY, Mishra PK. Immunoporosis: Immunology of Osteoporosis-Role of T Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:657. [PMID: 29675022 PMCID: PMC5895643 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of immune system in various bone pathologies, such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis is now well established. This had led to the emergence of a modern field of systems biology called as osteoimmunology, an integrated research between fields of immunology and bone biology under one umbrella. Osteoporosis is one of the most common inflammatory bone loss condition with more than 200 million individuals affected worldwide. T helper (Th) cells along with various other immune cells are major players involved in bone homeostasis. In the present review, we specifically discuss the role of various defined T lymphocyte subsets (Th cells comprising Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, regulatory T cells, follicular helper T cells, natural killer T cells, γδ T cells, and CD8+ T cells) in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. The study of the specific role of immune system in osteoporosis has now been proposed by our group as “immunoporosis: the immunology of osteoporosis” with special emphasis on the role of various subsets of T lymphocytes. The establishment of this new field had been need of the hour due to the emergence of novel roles of various T cell lymphocytes in accelerated bone loss observed during osteoporosis. Activated T cells either directly or indirectly through the secretion of various cytokines and factors modulate bone health and thereby regulate bone remodeling. Several studies have summarized the role of inflammation in pathogenesis of osteoporosis but very few reports had delineated the precise role of various T cell subsets in the pathobiology of osteoporosis. The present review thus for the first time clearly highlights and summarizes the role of various T lymphocytes in the development and pathophysiology of osteoporosis, giving birth to a new field of biology termed as “immunoporosis”. This novel field will thus provide an overview of the nexus between the cellular components of both bone and immune systems, responsible for the observed bone loss in osteoporosis. A molecular insight into the upcoming and novel field of immunoporosis would thus leads to development of innovative approaches for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh K Srivastava
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar, India.,Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Hamid Y Dar
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar, India
| | - Pradyumna K Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
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Liu C, Wang D, Lu S, Xu Q, Zhao L, Zhao J, Song Y, Wang H. Increased Circulating Follicular Treg Cells Are Associated With Lower Levels of Autoantibodies in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Stable Remission. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 70:711-721. [PMID: 29381842 DOI: 10.1002/art.40430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Dongwei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College; Shihezi University; Shihezi China
| | - Songsong Lu
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Qinzhu Xu
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | | | - Ying Song
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Hui Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital; Beijing China
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Zhou J, Wang Y, He Y, Gao Y, Wan R, Cai M, Li W, Chen R, Walker E, Zhai X, Wang Q. Non-obese type 2 diabetes patients present intestinal B cell dysregulations associated with hyperactive intestinal Tfh cells. Mol Immunol 2018; 97:27-32. [PMID: 29550578 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Most current studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) focus on obesity in the pathogenesis of the disease. However, many individuals develop T2D at non-obese body mass index (BMI) level. It is yet unclear whether certain etiological mechanisms discovered in these obese models can apply to non-obese T2D patients. In the present study, we focused on one aspect that was potentially involved in T2D development, the intestinal inflammation, and examined the difference between non-obese T2D patients and BMI-matched healthy controls. We found that non-obese T2D patients presented significantly higher levels of fecal IgG than BMI-matched controls. Compared to active Crohn's disease patients, both T2D and healthy controls presented lower levels of fecal IgG. In the mucosal biopsies, the B cells and plasmablasts from T2D patients presented a slight but significant increase in the frequencies of cells with surface IgG expression compared to those from healthy individuals. The potential mechanism resulting in increased IgG expression was then examined. The CD4+CXCR5+ T cells (Tfh) from non-obese T2D patients were highly enriched in IFN-γ-producing cells and depleted in IL-4- and IL-17-producing cells. Presence of mucosal CD4+CXCR5+ T cells significantly increased IgG production from mucosal samples. Interestingly, when stimulated with E. coli, a common intestinal microbe, the CD4+CXCR5+ T cells from T2D patients presented significantly higher IFN-γ expression than CD4+CXCR5+ T cells from BMI-matched controls Together, these results demonstrated that non-obese T2D patients presented a low-grade inflammation in the intestinal tract, possibly supported by bacteria-responding CD4+CXCR5+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- Department of Oncology, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei He
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Gao
- Cadet Brigade, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renhui Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxi Cai
- Cadet Brigade, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Emma Walker
- DICAT Biomedical Computation Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xiao Zhai
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qijin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Abstract
The pathogenesis of allergic asthma is primarily characterized by abnormality in immunoglobin(Ig)E pathway, suggesting a possible role for follicular helper T cells (Tfh) in the genesis of excessive IgE accumulation. The blood chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 5 (CXCR)5+CD4+ T cells, known as "circulating" Tfh, share common functional characteristics with Tfh cells from germinal centers. The aim of this study was to determine the phenotypes and functions of circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T cells in allergic asthmatics. Here we found the frequency of the circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T cells was raised in allergic asthma compared with healthy control (HC). Phenotypic assays showed that activated circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T cells display the key features of Tfh cells, including invariably coexpressed programmed cell death (PD)-1 and inducible costimulator (ICOS). The frequency of interleukin IL-4+-, IL-21+-producing CXCR5+CD4+ T cells was increased in allergic asthma patients compared with HC. Furthermore, sorted circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T cells from allergic asthma patients boosted IgE production in coculture assay which could be inhibited by IL-4 or IL-21 blockage. Interestingly, IL-4+-, IL-21+-CXCR5+CD4+ T cells positively correlated with total IgE in the blood. Our data indicated that circulating CXCR5+CD4+ T cells may have a significant role in facilitating IgE production in allergic asthma patients.
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Deenick EK, Pelham SJ, Kane A, Ma CS. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Control of Human T and B Cell Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:168. [PMID: 29472924 PMCID: PMC5810249 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that is activated downstream of many key cytokine receptors expressed by lymphocytes. As such, it plays a critical role in regulating B cells as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Patients with clinically significant immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation resulting from loss-of-function or gain-of-function mutations in STAT3 have been described. These individuals provide insight into the critical role of this transcription factor in the regulation of immune responses and the balance between effective immune protection and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa K Deenick
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon J Pelham
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Alisa Kane
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Allergy, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
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65
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Liu C, Wang D, Song Y, Lu S, Zhao J, Wang H. Increased circulating CD4 +CXCR5 +FoxP3 + follicular regulatory T cells correlated with severity of systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 56:261-268. [PMID: 29414660 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
As one specialized subset of regulatory T cells (Tregs), follicular regulatory T cells (TFR) could suppress follicular helper T cells (TFH) and B cells in germinal centers to maintain immune homeostasis. The unbalance of TFR and TFH cells could result in abnormal germinal center responses and contribute to pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. However, the role of TFR cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains unclear. This study revealed a significant increase of CD4+CXCR5+FOXP3+ TFR cells in peripheral blood of SLE patients compared with healthy controls. Meanwhile, the suppression ability of circulating TFR cells was not altered. The ratios of TFR/TFH were increased in SLE patients and the frequency of TFR was positively correlated with auto-antibodies and SLEDAI scores of SLE patients. Our results demonstrated that circulating TFR cells were increased during SLE, which suggested that elevated TFR might be a response to the pathogenesis of SLE to suppress TFH function and may provide novel insight for the pathogenesis of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Songsong Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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66
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Ochando J, Braza MS. T follicular helper cells: a potential therapeutic target in follicular lymphoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112116-112131. [PMID: 29340116 PMCID: PMC5762384 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL), the most common indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), is a germinal center (GC)-derived lymphoma. The mechanisms underlying B-cell differentiation/maturation in GCs could be also involved in their malignant transformation. Moreover, the non-malignant cell composition and architecture of the tumor microenvironment can influence FL development and outcome. Here, we review recent research advances on CD4 helper T cells in FL that highlight the pivotal role of T follicular helper (TFH) cells in a complex multicellular system where they interact with B cells during GC dynamics. After describing the mechanism of FL lymphomagenesis, we discuss the emerging evidence about TFH cell enrichment and involvement in FL tumorigenesis and in B-T cell interaction, TFH regulation by T follicular regulatory cells (TFR) and its potential effect on FL. Then, we provide an overview on the flexible interplay between the different CD4 T-cell subtypes and how this may be predicted in normal and pathologic contexts, according to the cell epigenetic state. Finally, we highlight the importance of targeting TFH cells in the clinic, summarize the main outstanding questions about TFH and TFR cells in FL, and describe strategies to potentiate FL therapy by taking into account TFH cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ochando
- Immunology Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mounia S Braza
- Immunology Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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67
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Kunicki MA, Amaya Hernandez LC, Davis KL, Bacchetta R, Roncarolo MG. Identity and Diversity of Human Peripheral Th and T Regulatory Cells Defined by Single-Cell Mass Cytometry. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:336-346. [PMID: 29180490 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Human CD3+CD4+ Th cells, FOXP3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells, and T regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells are essential for ensuring peripheral immune response and tolerance, but the diversity of Th, Treg, and Tr1 cell subsets has not been fully characterized. Independent functional characterization of human Th1, Th2, Th17, T follicular helper (Tfh), Treg, and Tr1 cells has helped to define unique surface molecules, transcription factors, and signaling profiles for each subset. However, the adequacy of these markers to recapitulate the whole CD3+CD4+ T cell compartment remains questionable. In this study, we examined CD3+CD4+ T cell populations by single-cell mass cytometry. We characterize the CD3+CD4+ Th, Treg, and Tr1 cell populations simultaneously across 23 memory T cell-associated surface and intracellular molecules. High-dimensional analysis identified several new subsets, in addition to the already defined CD3+CD4+ Th, Treg, and Tr1 cell populations, for a total of 11 Th cell, 4 Treg, and 1 Tr1 cell subsets. Some of these subsets share markers previously thought to be selective for Treg, Th1, Th2, Th17, and Tfh cells, including CD194 (CCR4)+FOXP3+ Treg and CD183 (CXCR3)+T-bet+ Th17 cell subsets. Unsupervised clustering displayed a phenotypic organization of CD3+CD4+ T cells that confirmed their diversity but showed interrelation between the different subsets, including similarity between Th1-Th2-Tfh cell populations and Th17 cells, as well as similarity of Th2 cells with Treg cells. In conclusion, the use of single-cell mass cytometry provides a systems-level characterization of CD3+CD4+ T cells in healthy human blood, which represents an important baseline reference to investigate abnormalities of different subsets in immune-mediated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Kunicki
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Laura C Amaya Hernandez
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; and
| | - Kara L Davis
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Rosa Bacchetta
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Maria-Grazia Roncarolo
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; .,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; and
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68
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Upregulation of bacterial-specific Th1 and Th17 responses that are enriched in CXCR5 + CD4 + T cells in non-small cell lung cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 52:305-309. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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69
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Grifoni A, Angelo MA, Lopez B, O'Rourke PH, Sidney J, Cerpas C, Balmaseda A, Silveira CGT, Maestri A, Costa PR, Durbin AP, Diehl SA, Phillips E, Mallal S, De Silva AD, Nchinda G, Nkenfou C, Collins MH, de Silva AM, Lim MQ, Macary PA, Tatullo F, Solomon T, Satchidanandam V, Desai A, Ravi V, Coloma J, Turtle L, Rivino L, Kallas EG, Peters B, Harris E, Sette A, Weiskopf D. Global Assessment of Dengue Virus-Specific CD4 + T Cell Responses in Dengue-Endemic Areas. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1309. [PMID: 29081779 PMCID: PMC5646259 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue is a major public health problem worldwide. Assessment of adaptive immunity is important to understanding immunopathology and to define correlates of protection against dengue virus (DENV). To enable global assessment of CD4+ T cell responses, we mapped HLA-DRB1-restricted DENV-specific CD4+ T cell epitopes in individuals previously exposed to DENV in the general population of the dengue-endemic region of Managua, Nicaragua. Methods HLA class II epitopes in the population of Managua were identified by an in vitro IFNγ ELISPOT assay. CD4+ T cells purified by magnetic bead negative selection were stimulated with HLA-matched epitope pools in the presence of autologous antigen-presenting cells, followed by pool deconvolution to identify specific epitopes. The epitopes identified in this study were combined with those previously identified in the DENV endemic region of Sri Lanka, to generate a “megapool” (MP) consisting of 180 peptides specifically designed to achieve balanced HLA and DENV serotype coverage. The DENV CD4MP180 was validated by intracellular cytokine staining assays. Results We detected responses directed against a total of 431 epitopes, representing all 4 DENV serotypes, restricted by 15 different HLA-DRB1 alleles. The responses were associated with a similar pattern of protein immunodominance, overall higher magnitude of responses, as compared to what was observed previously in the Sri Lanka region. Based on these epitope mapping studies, we designed a DENV CD4 MP180 with higher and more consistent coverage, which allowed the detection of CD4+ T cell DENV responses ex vivo in various cohorts of DENV exposed donors worldwide, including donors from Nicaragua, Brazil, Singapore, Sri Lanka, and U.S. domestic flavivirus-naïve subjects immunized with Tetravalent Dengue Live-Attenuated Vaccine (TV005). This broad reactivity reflects that the 21 HLA-DRB1 alleles analyzed in this and previous studies account for more than 80% of alleles present with a phenotypic frequency ≥5% worldwide, corresponding to 92% phenotypic coverage of the general population (i.e., 92% of individuals express at least one of these alleles). Conclusion The DENV CD4 MP180 can be utilized to measure ex vivo responses to DENV irrespective of geographical location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Grifoni
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Michael A Angelo
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Benjamin Lopez
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Patrick H O'Rourke
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - John Sidney
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Cristhiam Cerpas
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministerio de Salud, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministerio de Salud, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Cassia G T Silveira
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alvino Maestri
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscilla R Costa
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna P Durbin
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sean A Diehl
- Vaccine Testing Center, Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Elizabeth Phillips
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Simon Mallal
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Aruna D De Silva
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Genetech Research Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Godwin Nchinda
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on the Prevention and Management of HIV/AIDS CIRCB, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Celine Nkenfou
- Chantal BIYA International Reference Centre for Research on the Prevention and Management of HIV/AIDS CIRCB, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Matthew H Collins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Mei Qiu Lim
- Emerging Infectious Disease Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paul A Macary
- Immunology Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Filippo Tatullo
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Solomon
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Vijaya Satchidanandam
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Anita Desai
- Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Vasanthapram Ravi
- Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Josefina Coloma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Lance Turtle
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Rivino
- Emerging Infectious Disease Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esper G Kallas
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bjoern Peters
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
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70
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Yi JS, Guptill JT, Stathopoulos P, Nowak RJ, O'Connor KC. B cells in the pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis. Muscle Nerve 2017; 57:172-184. [PMID: 28940642 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an archetypal autoimmune disease. The pathology is characterized by autoantibodies to the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in most patients or to muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) in others and to a growing number of other postsynaptic proteins in smaller subsets. A decrease in the number of functional AChRs or functional interruption of the AChR within the muscle end plate of the neuromuscular junction is caused by pathogenic autoantibodies. Although the molecular immunology underpinning the pathology is well understood, much remains to be learned about the cellular immunology contributing to the production of autoantibodies. This Review documents research concerning the immunopathology of MG, bringing together evidence principally from human studies with an emphasis on the role of adaptive immunity and B cells in particular. Proposed mechanisms for autoimmunity, which take into account that different types of MG may incorporate divergent immunopathology, are offered. Muscle Nerve 57: 172-184, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Yi
- Division of Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Guptill
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Section, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Panos Stathopoulos
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, Room 353J, 300 George Street, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - Richard J Nowak
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, Room 353J, 300 George Street, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
| | - Kevin C O'Connor
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, Room 353J, 300 George Street, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, USA
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71
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van den Broek T, Madi A, Delemarre EM, Schadenberg AWL, Tesselaar K, Borghans JAM, Nierkens S, Redegeld FA, Otten HG, Rossetti M, Albani S, Sorek R, Cohen IR, Jansen NJG, van Wijk F. Human neonatal thymectomy induces altered B-cell responses and autoreactivity. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:1970-1981. [PMID: 28691750 PMCID: PMC5697610 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201746971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An association between T‐cell lymphopenia and autoimmunity has long been proposed, but it remains to be elucidated whether T‐cell lymphopenia affects B‐cell responses to autoantigens. Human neonatal thymectomy (Tx) results in a decrease in T‐cell numbers and we used this model to study the development of autoreactivity. Two cohorts of neonatally thymectomized individuals were examined, a cohort of young (1–5 years post‐Tx, n = 10–27) and older children (>10 years, n = 26), and compared to healthy age‐matched controls. T‐cell and B‐cell subsets were assessed and autoantibody profiling performed. Early post‐Tx, a decrease in T‐cell numbers (2.75 × 109/L vs. 0.71 × 109/L) and an increased proportion of memory T cells (19.72 vs. 57.43%) were observed. The presence of autoantibodies was correlated with an increased proportion of memory T cells in thymectomized children. No differences were seen in percentages of different B‐cell subsets between the groups. The autoantigen microarray showed a skewed autoantibody response after Tx. In the cohort of older individuals, autoantibodies were present in 62% of the thymectomized children, while they were found in only 33% of the healthy controls. Overall, our data suggest that neonatal Tx skews the autoantibody profile. Preferential expansion and preservation of Treg (regulatory T) cell stability and function, may contribute to preventing autoimmune disease development after Tx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo van den Broek
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Asaf Madi
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eveline M Delemarre
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alvin W L Schadenberg
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - Kiki Tesselaar
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - José A M Borghans
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank A Redegeld
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henny G Otten
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maura Rossetti
- Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.,SingHealth Translational Immunology and Inflammation Centre, SingHealth, Singapore
| | - Salvatore Albani
- Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore.,SingHealth Translational Immunology and Inflammation Centre, SingHealth, Singapore
| | | | - Irun R Cohen
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nicolaas J G Jansen
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Femke van Wijk
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht/Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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72
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Ma CS, Phan TG. Here, there and everywhere: T follicular helper cells on the move. Immunology 2017; 152:382-387. [PMID: 28704588 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells have the important function of providing B-cell help for the induction of antigen-specific antibody production. As such, it is important to determine the factors that regulate the development, differentiation and function of Tfh cells. This review highlights some of the recent advances in our understanding of Tfh cell migration, Tfh cell memory and the origins and fate of circulating Tfh cells in the blood, that have been revealed from studies in humans and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy S Ma
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Tri Giang Phan
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
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73
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Mesenchymal stem cells for the management of rheumatoid arthritis: immune modulation, repair or both? Curr Opin Rheumatol 2017; 29:201-207. [PMID: 27941390 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, in addition to their ability to form cartilage and bone. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent developments and current knowledge gaps in our understanding of the protective effects of MSCs against inflammatory arthritis, and to discuss their clinical exploitation for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RECENT FINDINGS The weight of evidence for protective mechanisms of exogenously administered MSCs is on immunomodulatory effects, including inhibition of dendritic cell maturation, polarization of macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and activation of regulatory T cells, thereby dampening inflammation and preventing joint damage. Evidence for direct effects on tissue repair is scant. Recent studies have identified MSC subsets in vivo and an important question is whether MSCs in their native tissues have similar immunoregulatory functions. Recent proof-of-concept clinical studies have shown a satisfactory safety profile of allogeneic MSC therapy in RA patients with promising trends for clinical efficacy. SUMMARY Allogeneic MSCs could be effective in RA. Larger, multicentre clinical studies are needed to provide robust evidence, and MSC treatment at early stages of RA should be explored to 'reset' the immune system.
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74
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Luan X, Kang X, Li W, Dong Q. An investigation of the relationship between recurrent spontaneous abortion and memory T follicular helper cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28639391 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Immune tolerance with respect to a semi-allogeneic fetus plays a key role in the establishment of a pregnancy. Memory T follicular helper (Tfh) cells have a central role in the regulation of the adaptive immune response. Much of our knowledge of memory Tfh cells' function comes from immune-related diseases. However, the true physiological characteristics of memory Tfh cells and their mode of action in pregnancy remain unclear. METHODS OF STUDY Deciduas and blood were obtained from 25 recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) patients undergoing surgical abortion and 19 normal women in early pregnancy undergoing elective termination. RSA patients were grouped into antibody-positive patients and antibody-negative patients, respectively. The memory Tfh cells with the CD4+ CXCR5+ PD1+ CCR7- and CD4+ CXCR5+ PD-1+ ICOS+ phenotypes were assessed by flow cytometry. The B cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. A correlation analysis of the subsets of memory Tfh cells and B cells in antibody-positive RSA patients was made by the Pearson test. RESULTS Memory Tfh cells with the CD4+ CXCR5+ PD1+ CCR7- and CD4+ CXCR5+ PD-1+ ICOS+ phenotypes showed a significant increase in RSA patients compared to women with a normal pregnancy who had chosen termination. When RSA patients were grouped according positive or negative antibodies, it was surprising to find that decidual CD4+ CXCR5+ PD-1+ ICOS+ memory Tfh cells significantly increased in RSA patients with positive antibody compared to RSA patients with negative antibody. However, the percentages of CD4+ CXCR5+ PD1+ CCR7- memory Tfh cells did not change in the deciduas of the two groups. Circulating and decidual B cells significantly increased in antibody-positive RSA patients compared with antibody-negative RSA patients. Correlation analysis indicated a strong association between the decidual CD4+ CXCR5+ PD-1+ ICOS+ memory Tfh cells and B cells in antibody-positive RSA patients. CONCLUSION These new findings provide unique insights into memory Tfh cells in mediating feto-maternal immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Luan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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75
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Danikowski KM, Jayaraman S, Prabhakar BS. Regulatory T cells in multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:117. [PMID: 28599652 PMCID: PMC5466736 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0892-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic debilitating disease of the central nervous system primarily mediated by T lymphocytes with specificity to neuronal antigens in genetically susceptible individuals. On the other hand, myasthenia gravis (MG) primarily involves destruction of the neuromuscular junction by antibodies specific to the acetylcholine receptor. Both autoimmune diseases are thought to result from loss of self-tolerance, which allows for the development and function of autoreactive lymphocytes. Although the mechanisms underlying compromised self-tolerance in these and other autoimmune diseases have not been fully elucidated, one possibility is numerical, functional, and/or migratory deficits in T regulatory cells (Tregs). Tregs are thought to play a critical role in the maintenance of peripheral immune tolerance. It is believed that Tregs function by suppressing the effector CD4+ T cell subsets that mediate autoimmune responses. Dysregulation of suppressive and migratory markers on Tregs have been linked to the pathogenesis of both MS and MG. For example, genetic abnormalities have been found in Treg suppressive markers CTLA-4 and CD25, while others have shown a decreased expression of FoxP3 and IL-10. Furthermore, elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-17, and IFN-γ secreted by T effectors have been noted in MS and MG patients. This review provides several strategies of treatment which have been shown to be effective or are proposed as potential therapies to restore the function of various Treg subsets including Tr1, iTr35, nTregs, and iTregs. Strategies focusing on enhancing the Treg function find importance in cytokines TGF-β, IDO, interleukins 10, 27, and 35, and ligands Jagged-1 and OX40L. Likewise, strategies which affect Treg migration involve chemokines CCL17 and CXCL11. In pre-clinical animal models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG), several strategies have been shown to ameliorate the disease and thus appear promising for treating patients with MS or MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Danikowski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - S Jayaraman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - B S Prabhakar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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76
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Tvedt THA, Ersvaer E, Tveita AA, Bruserud Ø. Interleukin-6 in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: Its Possible Importance for Immunoregulation and As a Therapeutic Target. Front Immunol 2017. [PMID: 28642760 PMCID: PMC5462914 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is associated with a high risk of treatment-related mortality mainly caused by infections and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). GVHD is characterized by severe immune dysregulation and impaired regeneration of different tissues, i.e., epithelial barriers and the liver. The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine influences the risk of GVHD. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that previously has been associated with pro-inflammatory effects. However, more recent evidence from various autoimmune diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis) has shown that the IL-6 activity is more complex with important effects also on tissue homeostasis, regeneration, and metabolism. This review summarizes the current understanding of how pro-inflammatory IL-6 effects exerted during the peritransplant period shapes T-cell polarization with enhancement of Th17 differentiation and suppression of regulatory T cells, and in addition we also review and discuss the results from trials exploring non-selective IL-6 inhibition in prophylaxis and treatment of GVHD. Emerging evidence suggests that the molecular strategy for targeting of IL-6-initiated intracellular signaling is important for the effect on GVHD. It will therefore be important to further characterize the role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of GVHD to clarify whether combined IL-6 inhibition of both trans- (i.e., binding of the soluble IL-6/IL-6 receptor complex to cell surface gp130) and cis-signaling (i.e., IL-6 ligation of the IL-6 receptor/gp130 complex) or selective inhibition of trans-signaling should be tried in the prophylaxis and/or treatment of GVHD in allotransplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tor Henrik Anderson Tvedt
- Department of Clinical Science, Section for Hematology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Ersvaer
- Institute of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences (HVL), Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Aune Tveita
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Department of Clinical Science, Section for Hematology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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77
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Chenouard A, Chesneau M, Bui Nguyen L, Le Bot S, Cadoux M, Dugast E, Paul C, Malard-Castagnet S, Ville S, Guérif P, Soulillou JP, Degauque N, Danger R, Giral M, Brouard S. Renal Operational Tolerance Is Associated With a Defect of Blood Tfh Cells That Exhibit Impaired B Cell Help. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:1490-1501. [PMID: 27888555 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Renal operationally tolerant patients (TOL) display a defect in B cell differentiation, with a deficiency in plasma cells. Recently described, T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a critical role in B cell differentiation. We analyzed blood Tfh subsets in TOL and transplanted patients with stable graft function under immunosuppression (STA). We observed a reduced proportion of blood activated and highly functional Tfh subsets in TOL, without affecting Tfh absolute numbers. Functionally, Tfh cells from TOL displayed a modified gene expression profile, failed to produce interleukin-21, and were unable to induce IgG production by naive B cells. This Tfh defect is linked to a low incidence of postgraft de novo donor-specific antibody (dnDSA) immunization, suggesting that the lack of Tfh cells in TOL may induce a protolerogenic environment with reduced risk of developing dnDSA. Finally, we showed that elevated Tfh in STA precedes the occurrence of dnDSA during an alloresponse. These data provide new insights into the mechanisms of antibody response in operational tolerance. Disrupted homeostasis and impaired Tfh function in TOL could lead to a reduced risk of developing dnDSA and suggest a predictive role of blood Tfh cells on the occurrence of dnDSA in transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chenouard
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - M Chesneau
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - L Bui Nguyen
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - S Le Bot
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - M Cadoux
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - E Dugast
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - C Paul
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - S Malard-Castagnet
- CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France.,Laboratoire HLA, Etablissement Français du Sang Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
| | - S Ville
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - P Guérif
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France.,CIC Biothérapie, Nantes, France
| | - J-P Soulillou
- LabEx Transplantex, Nantes, France.,EU Consortium BIO-DrIM
| | - N Degauque
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France.,EU Consortium VISICORT
| | - R Danger
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - M Giral
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France.,CIC Biothérapie, Nantes, France.,LabEx Transplantex, Nantes, France.,EU Consortium BIO-DrIM
| | - S Brouard
- INSERM, Nantes, France.,CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France.,CIC Biothérapie, Nantes, France.,LabEx Transplantex, Nantes, France.,EU Consortium BIO-DrIM.,EU Consortium VISICORT.,Immunotherapy Graft Oncology, LabEx IGO, Nantes, France
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78
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Monteiro C, Kasahara TM, Castro JR, Sacramento PM, Hygino J, Centurião N, Cassano T, Lopes LMF, Leite S, Silva VG, Gupta S, Bento CAM. Pregnancy favors the expansion of circulating functional follicular helper T Cells. J Reprod Immunol 2017; 121:1-10. [PMID: 28482188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy favors antibody production, and some evidence has suggested a direct effect of estrogen on B cells. The impact of pregnancy on circulating follicular helper T (TFH) cells, typically identified by the expression of CD45RO and CXCR5, has not been previously investigated. Here, the percentage of TFH cells, co-expressing or not PD-1, ICOS, or CXCR3 markers was significantly higher in pregnant women (PW) as compared with non-pregnant ones (nPW). Furthermore, the percentage of CXCR3+ TFH cells able to produce IL-6, IL-21, and IL-10 was significantly higher in PW than nPW. Interestingly, anti-CMV and anti-HBs antibody titers were significantly higher in the plasma of PW and were directly correlated with IL-21-producing CXCR3+ TFH cells. Finally, peripheral estrogen levels, but not progesterone, were positively related to either PD-1+ CXCR3+ TFH cells or plasma anti-CMV and anti-HBs IgG antibodies. In summary, our data suggests a positive effect of pregnancy on the proportion of CD4+ T cell subset specialized in helping B cells. This phenomenon, which could be related to the high estrogen levels produced during pregnancy, may help to explain why pregnancy favor humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Monteiro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology/Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taissa M Kasahara
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology/Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Castro
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology/Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscila M Sacramento
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology/Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joana Hygino
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology/Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Newton Centurião
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology/Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Cassano
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology/Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lana M Ferreira Lopes
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology/Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Simone Leite
- Fernandes Figueira Institute/IOC, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cleonice A M Bento
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology/Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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79
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Pattarini L, Trichot C, Bogiatzi S, Grandclaudon M, Meller S, Keuylian Z, Durand M, Volpe E, Madonna S, Cavani A, Chiricozzi A, Romanelli M, Hori T, Hovnanian A, Homey B, Soumelis V. TSLP-activated dendritic cells induce human T follicular helper cell differentiation through OX40-ligand. J Exp Med 2017; 214:1529-1546. [PMID: 28428203 PMCID: PMC5413322 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper cells (Tfh) are implicated in various pathological conditions, but how they differentiate in Th2-skewed environments is unknown. Pattarini et al. delineate a pathway for human Tfh differentiation induced by TSLP through OX40L, relevant to atopic dermatitis. T follicular helper cells (Tfh) are important regulators of humoral responses. Human Tfh polarization pathways have been thus far associated with Th1 and Th17 polarization pathways. How human Tfh cells differentiate in Th2-skewed environments is unknown. We show that thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)–activated dendritic cells (DCs) promote human Tfh differentiation from naive CD4 T cells. We identified a novel population, distinct from Th2 cells, expressing IL-21 and TNF, suggestive of inflammatory cells. TSLP-induced T cells expressed CXCR5, CXCL13, ICOS, PD1, BCL6, BTLA, and SAP, among other Tfh markers. Functionally, TSLP-DC–polarized T cells induced IgE secretion by memory B cells, and this depended on IL-4Rα. TSLP-activated DCs stimulated circulating memory Tfh cells to produce IL-21 and CXCL13. Mechanistically, TSLP-induced Tfh differentiation depended on OX40-ligand, but not on ICOS-ligand. Our results delineate a pathway of human Tfh differentiation in Th2 environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Pattarini
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U932, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Coline Trichot
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U932, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sofia Bogiatzi
- Service de dermatologie et venereologie, CHUV University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maximilien Grandclaudon
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U932, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Stephan Meller
- Department of Dermatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Faculty, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Zela Keuylian
- INSERM, UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and Paris Descartes University, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Melanie Durand
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U932, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Elisabetta Volpe
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00142 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Madonna
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Fondazione Luigi Maria Monti, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavani
- National Institute of Health, Migration and Poverty, 00153 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco Romanelli
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Toshiyuki Hori
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- INSERM, UMR 1163, Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and Paris Descartes University, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Bernhard Homey
- Department of Dermatology, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Faculty, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vassili Soumelis
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U932, F-75005 Paris, France
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80
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Ruffin N, Hani L, Seddiki N. From dendritic cells to B cells dysfunctions during HIV-1 infection: T follicular helper cells at the crossroads. Immunology 2017; 151:137-145. [PMID: 28231392 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are essential for B-cell differentiation and the subsequent antibody responses. Their numbers and functions are altered during human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV/SIV) infections. In lymphoid tissues, Tfh cells are present in germinal centre, where they are the main source of replicative HIV-1 and represent a major reservoir. Paradoxically, Tfh cell numbers are increased in chronically infected individuals. Understanding the fate of Tfh cells in the course of HIV-1 infection is essential for the design of efficient strategies toward a protective HIV vaccine or a cure. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advance in our understanding of Tfh cell dynamics during HIV/SIV infection. In particular, to explore the possible causes of their expansion in lymphoid tissues by discussing the impact of HIV-1 infection on dendritic cells, to identify the molecular players rendering Tfh cells highly susceptible to HIV-1 infection, and to consider the contribution of regulatory follicular T cells in shaping Tfh cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Ruffin
- Institut Curie, INSERM U932, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Lylia Hani
- Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Faculté de médecine, INSERM U955, Université Paris Est, Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Nabila Seddiki
- Vaccine Research Institute (VRI), Faculté de médecine, INSERM U955, Université Paris Est, Créteil Cedex, France
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81
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Tan YQ, Li Q, Zhang J, Du GF, Lu R, Zhou G. Increased circulating CXCR5+
CD4+
T follicular helper-like cells in oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:803-809. [PMID: 28122164 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qin Tan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Qing Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Department of Oral Medicine; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Ge-Fei Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Department of Oral Medicine; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Rui Lu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Department of Oral Medicine; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Gang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Department of Oral Medicine; School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
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82
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Cunill V, Clemente A, Lanio N, Barceló C, Andreu V, Pons J, Ferrer JM. Follicular T Cells from smB - Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients Are Skewed Toward a Th1 Phenotype. Front Immunol 2017; 8:174. [PMID: 28289412 PMCID: PMC5326800 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Germinal center follicular T helper (GCTfh) cells are essential players in the differentiation of B cells. Circulating follicular T helper (cTfh) cells share phenotypic and functional properties with GCTfh cells. Distinct subpopulations of cTfh with different helper capabilities toward B cells can be identified: cTfh1 (CXCR3+CCR6−), cTfh2 (CXCR3−CCR6−), and cTfh17 (CXCR3−CCR6+). Alterations in cTfh function and/or distribution have been associated with autoimmunity, infectious diseases, and more recently, with several monogenic immunodeficiencies. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) disease is the commonest symptomatic primary immunodeficiency with a genetic cause identified in only 2–10% of patients. Although a heterogeneous disease, most patients show a characteristic defective B cell differentiation into memory B cells or antibody-secreting cells. We investigated if alterations in CVID cTfh cells frequency or distribution into cTfh1, cTfh2, and cTfh17 subpopulations and regulatory follicular T (Tfr) cells could be related to defects in CVID B cells. We found increased percentages of cTfh exhibiting higher programmed death-1 expression and altered subpopulations distribution in smB− CVID patients. In contrast to smB+ patients and controls, cTfh from smB− CVID patients show increased cTfh1 and decreased cTfh17 subpopulation percentages and increased CXCR3+CCR6+ cTfh, a population analogous to the recently described pathogenic Th17.1. Moreover, Tfr cells are remarkably decreased only in smB− CVID patients. In conclusion, increased cTfh17.1 and cTfh1/cTfh17 ratio in CVID patients could influence B cell fate in smB− CVID patients, with a more compromised B cell compartment, and the decrease in Tfr cells may lead to high risk of autoimmune conditions in CVID patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Cunill
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain; Human Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Antonio Clemente
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain; Human Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Nallibe Lanio
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain; Human Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Carla Barceló
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases , Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands , Spain
| | - Valero Andreu
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain; Human Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Jaume Pons
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain; Human Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Joana M Ferrer
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain; Human Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
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83
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Salzer E, Cagdas D, Hons M, Mace EM, Garncarz W, Petronczki ÖY, Platzer R, Pfajfer L, Bilic I, Ban SA, Willmann KL, Mukherjee M, Supper V, Hsu HT, Banerjee PP, Sinha P, McClanahan F, Zlabinger GJ, Pickl WF, Gribben JG, Stockinger H, Bennett KL, Huppa JB, Dupré L, Sanal Ö, Jäger U, Sixt M, Tezcan I, Orange JS, Boztug K. RASGRP1 deficiency causes immunodeficiency with impaired cytoskeletal dynamics. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:1352-1360. [PMID: 27776107 PMCID: PMC6400263 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
RASGRP1 is an important guanine nucleotide exchange factor and activator of the RAS-MAPK pathway following T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling. The consequences of RASGRP1 mutations in humans are unknown. In a patient with recurrent bacterial and viral infections, born to healthy consanguineous parents, we used homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing to identify a biallelic stop-gain variant in RASGRP1. This variant segregated perfectly with the disease and has not been reported in genetic databases. RASGRP1 deficiency was associated in T cells and B cells with decreased phosphorylation of the extracellular-signal-regulated serine kinase ERK, which was restored following expression of wild-type RASGRP1. RASGRP1 deficiency also resulted in defective proliferation, activation and motility of T cells and B cells. RASGRP1-deficient natural killer (NK) cells exhibited impaired cytotoxicity with defective granule convergence and actin accumulation. Interaction proteomics identified the dynein light chain DYNLL1 as interacting with RASGRP1, which links RASGRP1 to cytoskeletal dynamics. RASGRP1-deficient cells showed decreased activation of the GTPase RhoA. Treatment with lenalidomide increased RhoA activity and reversed the migration and activation defects of RASGRP1-deficient lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Salzer
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
| | - Deniz Cagdas
- Section of Pediatric Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Miroslav Hons
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Emily M Mace
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wojciech Garncarz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
| | - Özlem Yüce Petronczki
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
| | - René Platzer
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laurène Pfajfer
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan Bilic
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sol A Ban
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina L Willmann
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Malini Mukherjee
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Verena Supper
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hsiang Ting Hsu
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pinaki P Banerjee
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Papiya Sinha
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fabienne McClanahan
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute - a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Gerhard J Zlabinger
- Institute of Immunology, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Winfried F Pickl
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Immunomodulation and Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - John G Gribben
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute - a CR-UK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Hannes Stockinger
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Keiryn L Bennett
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes B Huppa
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Loïc Dupré
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), INSERM, UMR1043, Toulouse Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Özden Sanal
- Section of Pediatric Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ulrich Jäger
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Sixt
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Ilhan Tezcan
- Section of Pediatric Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jordan S Orange
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kaan Boztug
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Kinderspital and Children's Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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84
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Marasco E, Farroni C, Cascioli S, Marcellini V, Scarsella M, Giorda E, Piano Mortari E, Leonardi L, Scarselli A, Valentini D, Cancrini C, Duse M, Grimsholm O, Carsetti R. B-cell activation with CD40L or CpG measures the function of B-cell subsets and identifies specific defects in immunodeficient patients. Eur J Immunol 2016; 47:131-143. [PMID: 27800605 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Around 65% of primary immunodeficiencies are antibody deficiencies. Functional tests are useful tools to study B-cell functions in vitro. However, no accepted guidelines for performing and evaluating functional tests have been issued yet. Here, we report our experience on the study of B-cell functions in infancy and throughout childhood. We show that T-independent stimulation with CpG measures proliferation and differentiation potential of memory B cells. Switched memory B cells respond better than IgM memory B cells. On the other hand, CD40L, a T-dependent stimulus, does not induce plasma cell differentiation, but causes proliferation of naïve and memory B cells. During childhood, the production of plasmablasts in response to CpG increases with age mirroring the development of memory B cells. The response to CD40L does not change with age. In patients with selective IgA deficiency (SIgAD), we observed that switched memory B cells are reduced due to the absence of IgA memory B cells. In agreement, IgA plasma cells are not generated in response to CpG. Unexpectedly, B cells from SIgAD patients show a reduced proliferative response to CD40L. Our results demonstrate that functional tests are an important tool to assess the functions of the humoral immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Marasco
- Division of Rheumatology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Farroni
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Cascioli
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Valentina Marcellini
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Scarsella
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Ezio Giorda
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Eva Piano Mortari
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Lucia Leonardi
- Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Scarselli
- University Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Diletta Valentini
- Pediatric and Infectious Disease Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Cancrini
- University Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Immune and Infectious Diseases, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Duse
- Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ola Grimsholm
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy.,Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rita Carsetti
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
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85
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Hansen DS, Obeng-Adjei N, Ly A, Ioannidis LJ, Crompton PD. Emerging concepts in T follicular helper cell responses to malaria. Int J Parasitol 2016; 47:105-110. [PMID: 27866903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antibody responses to malaria and candidate malaria vaccines are short-lived in children, leaving them susceptible to repeated malaria episodes. Because T follicular helper (TFH) cells provide critical help to B cells to generate long-lived antibody responses, they have become the focus of recent studies of Plasmodium-infected mice and humans. The emerging data converge on common themes, namely, that malaria-induced TH1 cytokines are associated with the activation of (i) T-like memory TFH cells with impaired B cell helper function, and (ii) pre-TFH cells that acquire Th1-like features (T-bet expression, IFN-γ production), which impede their differentiation into fully functional TFH cells, thus resulting in germinal center dysfunction and suboptimal antibody responses. Deeper knowledge of TFH cells in malaria could illuminate strategies to improve vaccines through modulating TFH cell responses. This review summarizes emerging concepts in TFH cell responses to malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana S Hansen
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Nyamekye Obeng-Adjei
- Malaria Infection Biology & Immunity Unit, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ann Ly
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Lisa J Ioannidis
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Peter D Crompton
- Malaria Infection Biology & Immunity Unit, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
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86
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Jones AP, Kermode AG, Lucas RM, Carroll WM, Nolan D, Hart PH. Circulating immune cells in multiple sclerosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 187:193-203. [PMID: 27689339 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating T and B lymphocytes contribute to the pathogenesis of the neuroinflammatory autoimmune disease, multiple sclerosis (MS). Further progress in the development of MS treatments is dependent upon a greater understanding of the immunological disturbances that underlie the disease. Analyses of circulating immune cells by flow cytometry have revealed MS-associated alterations in the composition and function of T and B cell subsets, including temporal changes associated with disease activity. Disturbances in circulating immune populations reflect those observed in the central nervous system and include skewing towards proinflammatory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and B cells, greater proportions of follicular T helper cells and functional defects in the corresponding T and B regulatory subsets. Utilizing the analytical power of modern flow cytometers, researchers are now well positioned to monitor immunological changes associated with disease activity or intervention, describe immunological signatures with predictive value and identify targets for therapeutic drug development. This review discusses the contribution of various T and B lymphocyte subsets to MS pathogenesis, provides current and relevant phenotypical descriptions to assist in experimental design and highlights areas of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Jones
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA
| | - A G Kermode
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, Western Australian Neuroscience Research Institute, The University of Western Australia, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA.,Institute for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Murdoch University, Perth, WA
| | - R M Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT
| | - W M Carroll
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, Western Australian Neuroscience Research Institute, The University of Western Australia, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA.,Institute for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Murdoch University, Perth, WA
| | - D Nolan
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Murdoch University, Perth, WA.,Immunology Department, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - P H Hart
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA
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87
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Wali S, Sahoo A, Puri S, Alekseev A, Nurieva R. Insights into the development and regulation of T follicular helper cells. Cytokine 2016; 87:9-19. [PMID: 27339151 PMCID: PMC5108526 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are specialized subset of T helper (Th) cells necessary for germinal center reaction, affinity maturation and the differentiation of germinal center B cells to antibody-producing plasma B cells and memory B cells. The differentiation of Tfh cells is a multistage, multifactorial process involving a variety of cytokines, surface molecules and transcription factors. While Tfh cells are critical components of protective immune responses against pathogens, regulation of these cells is crucial to prevent autoimmunity and airway inflammation. Recently, it has been noted that Tfh cells could be potentially implicated either in cancer progression or prevention. Thus, the elucidation of the mechanisms that regulate Tfh cell differentiation, function and fate should highlight potential targets for novel therapeutic approaches. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in our understanding of the regulation of Tfh cell differentiation and their role in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Wali
- Department of Immunology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anupama Sahoo
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Sushant Puri
- Department of Immunology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrei Alekseev
- Department of Immunology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Roza Nurieva
- Department of Immunology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, TX, USA.
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88
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Jing F, Choi EY. Potential of Cells and Cytokines/Chemokines to Regulate Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Human Diseases. Immune Netw 2016; 16:271-280. [PMID: 27799872 PMCID: PMC5086451 DOI: 10.4110/in.2016.16.5.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid tissues involved in chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and cancer. They exhibit almost all the characteristics of secondary lymphoid organs (SLO), which are associated with adaptive immune responses; as such, they contain organized B-cell follicles with germinal centers, distinct areas containing T cells and dendritic cells, high endothelial venules, and lymphatics. In this review, we briefly describe the formation of SLO, and describe the cellular subsets and molecular cues involved in the formation and maintenance of TLS. Finally, we discuss the associations of TLS with human diseases, especially autoimmune diseases, and the potential for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifeng Jing
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
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89
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Ma QY, Huang DY, Zhang HJ, Chen J, Miller W, Chen XF. Function of follicular helper T cell is impaired and correlates with survival time in non-small cell lung cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 41:1-7. [PMID: 27788370 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents one of the most common and aggressive cancers worldwide. The PD-1/PD-L1 interaction plays important roles in cancer immunology, and expression of PD-L1 has been discovered in NSCLC tumor cells. Since follicular helper T (Tfh) cells have characteristic high PD-1 expression, we therefore investigated the inflammatory status of Tfh in NSCLC. CD4+CXCR5+ T cell population was examined to define Tfh cells. Data showed that frequency of Tfh cells in peripheral blood was significantly lower in NSCLC patients than in healthy controls. In both primary and metastatic tumors, infiltration of Tfh cells was observed, suggesting that they participated in the antitumor immunity of NSCLC patients. Compared to other T cell subsets, the Tfh cells from the peripheral blood and the resected tumors of NSCLC patients presented elevated apoptosis and reduced proliferation capacity. The Tfh cells from NSCLC patients were also less effective at downregulating IgD and upregulating CD27 expression in naive B cells, and induced less IgM, IgG and IgA secretion, than those from healthy controls. We then found that the survival time from the date of surgery was positively correlated with the frequency of tumor-infiltrating Tfh cells in NSCLC subjects. Overall, the results from this study demonstrated that the Tfh cells were likely involved in the antitumor immunity and were associated with better clinical outcomes, but suffered strong immunosuppression in NSCLC. Enhancing the Tfh cell activity therefore represents a potential therapeutic strategy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Yun Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Yu Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Jun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wendy Miller
- DICAT Biomedical Computation Centre, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xiao-Feng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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90
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Activated Circulating T Follicular Helper Cells Are Associated with Disease Severity in Patients with Psoriasis. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:7346030. [PMID: 27774460 PMCID: PMC5059604 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7346030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells are known to be involved in numerous immune-mediated diseases, but their pathological role in psoriasis is less fully investigated. Herein, we aimed to identify whether cTfh cells contributed to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The frequency and function of cTfh cells were compared between patients with psoriasis vulgaris and healthy controls, and the infiltration of Tfh cells was detected between lesional and nonlesional skin tissues of psoriasis patients. Moreover, the dynamic change of cTfh cells before and after acitretin treatment was evaluated. Our results showed both increased frequency and activation (indicated by higher expression of ICOS, PD-1, HLA-DR, and Ki-67 and increased production of IL-21, IL-17, and IFN-γ) of cTfh cells in psoriasis patients. Compared with nonlesional skin tissues of psoriasis patients, the number of infiltrated Tfh cells was significantly increased in psoriasis lesions. In addition, positive correlations between the percentage of cTfh, functional markers on cTfh cells in peripheral blood and disease severity were noted. Furthermore, the frequency of cTfh cells and the levels of cytokines secreted by cTfh cells were all significantly decreased after 1-month treatment.
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91
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Altered circulating T follicular helper cell subsets in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Immunol Lett 2016; 181:101-108. [PMID: 27662792 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Circulating T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in the blood are counterparts to conventional Tfh cells in germinal centres. Similarly to conventional Tfh cells, circulating Tfh cells provide helpful signals for B cells. Circulating Tfh cells can be divided into three subpopulations, including Tfh17 (CXCR3-CCR6+), Tfh1 (CXCR3+CCR6-), and Tfh2 (CXCR3-CCR6-) cells, based on differences in CXCR3 and CCR6 expression. Recent studies have demonstrated that alterations in circulating Tfh cell subsets have significant effects on the progression of numerous autoimmune diseases. To address the role of circulating Tfh cells in psoriasis, we used flow cytometry to analyse frequencies of circulating Tfh cell subsets and levels of IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) expression on B cells in 32 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 13 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. We observed dynamic changes in Tfh17 cell frequency and disease severity in 10 psoriasis patients during a 6-month treatment. Our results demonstrate that the frequency of Tfh17 cells was significantly increased in psoriasis patients and was positively correlated with psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score, a marker of disease severity (P<0.05). During the follow-up period, the frequencies of Tfh17 cells decreased, and reductions in PASI scores were observed. Moreover, IL-21R expression on B cells was significantly increased in patients with psoriasis vulgaris (P<0.05). Interestingly, IL-21R levels on B cells were correlated with both PASI score and the frequency of Tfh17 cells (P<0.05). In conclusion, this study is the first investigation of the distribution of circulating Tfh subsets in psoriasis. These results deepen our understanding of the immune state of psoriasis patients. Our data also indicate that Tfh17 cells may not be good biomarkers for diagnosing psoriasis but may be potential biomarkers of disease severity in psoriasis.
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92
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Frans G, Moens L, Schaballie H, Wuyts G, Liston A, Poesen K, Janssens A, Rice GI, Crow YJ, Meyts I, Bossuyt X. Homozygous N-terminal missense mutation in TRNT1 leads to progressive B-cell immunodeficiency in adulthood. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:360-363.e6. [PMID: 27531075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Glynis Frans
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Experimental Laboratory Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leen Moens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Experimental Laboratory Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Heidi Schaballie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Childhood Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Wuyts
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Experimental Laboratory Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Autoimmune Genetics, KU Leuven and VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Poesen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Janssens
- Department of Hematology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gillian I Rice
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yanick J Crow
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom; INSERM UMR 1163, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, Paris, France; Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Institute Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Meyts
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Childhood Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xavier Bossuyt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Experimental Laboratory Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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93
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94
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Andersson KME, Brisslert M, Cavallini NF, Svensson MND, Welin A, Erlandsson MC, Ciesielski MJ, Katona G, Bokarewa MI. Survivin co-ordinates formation of follicular T-cells acting in synergy with Bcl-6. Oncotarget 2016; 6:20043-57. [PMID: 26343374 PMCID: PMC4652986 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular T helper (Tfh) cells are recognized by the expression of CXCR5 and the transcriptional regulator Bcl-6. Tfh cells control B cell maturation and antibody production, and if deregulated, may lead to autoimmunity. Here, we study the role of the proto-oncogene survivin in the formation of Tfh cells. We show that blood Tfh cells of patients with the autoimmune condition rheumatoid arthritis, have intracellular expression of survivin. Survivin was co-localized with Bcl-6 in the nuclei of CXCR5+CD4 lymphocytes and was immunoprecipitated with the Bcl-6 responsive element of the target genes. Inhibition of survivin in arthritic mice led to the reduction of CXCR5+ Tfh cells and to low production of autoantibodies. Exposure to survivin activated STAT3 and induced enrichment of PD-1+Bcl-6+ subset within Tfh cells. Collectively, our study demonstrates that survivin belongs to the Tfh cell phenotype and ensures their optimal function by regulating transcriptional activity of Bcl-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin M E Andersson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Brisslert
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nicola Filluelo Cavallini
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mattias N D Svensson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Welin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin C Erlandsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael J Ciesielski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute and State University of New York School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Gergely Katona
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria I Bokarewa
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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95
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Circulating follicular T helper cells and cytokine profile in humans following vaccination with the rVSV-ZEBOV Ebola vaccine. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27944. [PMID: 27323685 PMCID: PMC4914957 DOI: 10.1038/srep27944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The most recent Zaire Ebolavirus (ZEBOV) outbreak was the largest and most widespread in recorded history, emphasizing the need for an effective vaccine. Here, we analyzed human cellular immune responses induced by a single dose of the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine candidate, which showed significant protective efficacy in endemic populations in Guinea. This is the first in-depth characterization of ZEBOV-GP specific, circulating follicular T cells (cTfh). Since antibody titers correlated with protection in preclinical models of ZEBOV infection, Tfh were predicted to correlate with protection. Indeed, the ZEBOV-specific cTfh data correlated with antibody titers in human vaccines and unexpectedly with the Tfh17 subset. The combination of two cutting edge technologies allowed the immuno-profiling of rare cell populations and may help elucidate correlates of protection for a variety of vaccines.
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96
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Goropevšek A, Holcar M, Avčin T. The Role of STAT Signaling Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2016; 52:164-181. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-016-8550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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97
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Masuda K, Ripley B, Nyati KK, Dubey PK, Zaman MMU, Hanieh H, Higa M, Yamashita K, Standley DM, Mashima T, Katahira M, Okamoto T, Matsuura Y, Takeuchi O, Kishimoto T. Arid5a regulates naive CD4+ T cell fate through selective stabilization of Stat3 mRNA. J Exp Med 2016; 213:605-19. [PMID: 27022145 PMCID: PMC4821647 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20151289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Masuda et al. show that Arid5a regulates the fate of naive CD4+ T cells to pro- or antiinflammatory T cells through selective stabilization of Stat3 mRNA under Th17-polarizing conditions. Balance in signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) activation is a key factor in regulating the fate of naive CD4+ T cells. Here, we demonstrate that AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 5a (Arid5a) in T cells directs naive CD4+ T cells to differentiate into inflammatory CD4+ T cells, especially Th17 cells, through selective stabilization of Stat3 (but not Stat1 and Stat5) mRNA in an IL-6–dependent manner. Loss of Arid5a in T cells led to reduction of STAT3 level under Th17-polarizing conditions, whereas STAT1 and STAT5 in Arid5a-deficient T cells were highly activated compared with those of WT T cells under the same conditions. These cells displayed the feature of antiinflammatory (Il10-expressing) CD4+ T cells. Thus, we show a T cell–intrinsic role of Arid5a on fate decisions of naive CD4+ T cells through selective stabilization of Stat3 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Masuda
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Barry Ripley
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kishan Kumar Nyati
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Praveen Kumar Dubey
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mohammad Mahabub-Uz Zaman
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hamza Hanieh
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mitsuru Higa
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamashita
- Laboratory of System Immunology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daron M Standley
- Laboratory of System Immunology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Mashima
- Structural Energy Bioscience Research Section, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masato Katahira
- Structural Energy Bioscience Research Section, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Toru Okamoto
- Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Matsuura
- Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Infection and Prevention, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tadamitsu Kishimoto
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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98
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Circulating Memory T Follicular Helper Cells in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica/Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:3678152. [PMID: 27057097 PMCID: PMC4804098 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3678152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the potential role of memory T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in patients with neuromyelitis optica/neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMO/NMOSD). METHODS The percentages of different subsets of circulating memory Tfh cells in 25 NMO/NMOSD patients before and after treatment as well as in 17 healthy controls were examined by flow cytometry. The levels of IL-21 and AQP4 Ab in plasma and CSF were measured by ELISA. RESULTS The percentages and numbers of circulating memory Tfh cells, ICOS(+), CCR7(-), CCR7(-)ICOS(+), CCR7(+), CCR7(+)ICOS(+) memory Tfh cells, and the levels of IL-21 in plasma and CSF were significantly increased in NMO/NMOSD patients. The percentages of CCR7(-) and CCR7(-)ICOS(+) memory Tfh cells were positively correlated with ARR, plasma IL-21, and AQP4 Ab levels. The percentages of CCR7(+) and CCR7(+)ICOS(+) memory Tfh cells were positively correlated with CSF white blood cell counts, proteins, and IL-21 levels. Treatment with corticosteroids significantly reduced the numbers of CCR7(-)ICOS(+) and CCR7(+)ICOS(+) memory Tfh cells as well as plasma IL-21 levels in patients with partial remission. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that circulating memory Tfh cells may participate in the relapse and development of NMO/NMOSD and may serve as a new therapeutic target.
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99
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Leber A, Abedi V, Hontecillas R, Viladomiu M, Hoops S, Ciupe S, Caughman J, Andrew T, Bassaganya-Riera J. Bistability analyses of CD4+ T follicular helper and regulatory cells during Helicobacter pylori infection. J Theor Biol 2016; 398:74-84. [PMID: 26947272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a highly plastic subset of CD4+ T cells specialized in providing B cell help and promoting inflammatory and effector responses during infectious and immune-mediate diseases. Helicobacter pylori is the dominant member of the gastric microbiota and exerts both beneficial and harmful effects on the host. Chronic inflammation in the context of H. pylori has been linked to an upregulation in T helper (Th)1 and Th17 CD4+ T cell phenotypes, controlled in part by the cytokine, interleukin-21. This study investigates the differentiation and regulation of Tfh cells, major producers of IL-21, in the immune response to H. pylori challenge. To better understand the conditions influencing the promotion and inhibition of a chronically elevated Tfh population, we used top-down and bottom-up approaches to develop computational models of Tfh and T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cell differentiation. Stability analysis was used to characterize the presence of two bi-stable steady states in the calibrated Tfh/Tfr models. Stochastic simulation was used to illustrate the ability of the parameter set to dictate two distinct behavioral patterns. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis helped identify the importance of various parameters on the establishment of Tfh and Tfr cell populations. The core network model was expanded into a more comprehensive and predictive model by including cytokine production and signaling pathways. From the expanded network, the interaction between TGFB-Induced Factor Homeobox 1 (Tgif1) and the retinoid X receptor (RXR) was displayed to exert control over the determination of the Tfh response. Model simulations predict that Tgif1 and RXR respectively induce and curtail Tfh responses. This computational hypothesis was validated experimentally by assaying Tgif1, RXR and Tfh in stomachs of mice infected with H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Leber
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Vida Abedi
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Raquel Hontecillas
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Monica Viladomiu
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Stefan Hoops
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Stanca Ciupe
- Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - John Caughman
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Tricity Andrew
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Josep Bassaganya-Riera
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA; Center for Modeling Immunity to Enteric Pathogens, Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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100
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Cao Y, Goods BA, Raddassi K, Nepom GT, Kwok WW, Love JC, Hafler DA. Functional inflammatory profiles distinguish myelin-reactive T cells from patients with multiple sclerosis. Sci Transl Med 2016; 7:287ra74. [PMID: 25972006 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa8038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myelin-reactive T cells have been identified in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy subjects with comparable frequencies, but the contribution of these autoreactive T cells to disease pathology remains unknown. A total of 13,324 T cell libraries generated from blood of 23 patients and 22 healthy controls were interrogated for reactivity to myelin antigens. Libraries derived from CCR6(+) myelin-reactive T cells from patients with MS exhibited significantly enhanced production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) compared to healthy controls. Single-cell clones isolated by major histocompatibility complex/peptide tetramers from CCR6(+) T cell libraries also secreted more proinflammatory cytokines, whereas clones isolated from controls secreted more IL-10. The transcriptomes of myelin-specific CCR6(+) T cells from patients with MS were distinct from those derived from healthy controls and, notably, were enriched in T helper cell 17 (TH17)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalitis gene signatures, and gene signatures derived from TH17 cells isolated other human autoimmune diseases. These data, although not causal, imply that functional differences between antigen-specific T cells from MS and healthy controls are fundamental to disease development and support the notion that IL-10 production from myelin-reactive T cells may act to limit disease progression or even pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Cao
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Brittany A Goods
- Department of Biological Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Khadir Raddassi
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Gerald T Nepom
- Benaroya Research Institute, Virginia Mason Research Center, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - William W Kwok
- Benaroya Research Institute, Virginia Mason Research Center, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - J Christopher Love
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David A Hafler
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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