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Holmes A, Coviello J, Velagaleti G. Acute multilineage (B/myeloid) leukemia with RUNX1 duplication/amplification and hypereosinophilia. Eur J Haematol 2014; 93:449-52. [PMID: 24912843 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A 14-year-old girl presented with myalgias and decreased energy and was found to have a white count of 73,000 with 75% eosinophils. Flow cytometry and immunostains showed the blasts in the bone marrow expressed both myeloid and lymphoid markers. Patient was diagnosed with acute multilineage (B/Myeloid) leukemia. Genetic testing revealed four copies of the RUNX1 gene region in 25.5%, with a normal karyotype and no evidence of t(8;21) or t(12;21) by fluorescence in situ hybridization. RUNX1 translocations and amplifications have been implicated in acute myeloblastic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and MDS, but have not yet been seen with acute multilineage leukemia. Additionally, it is unclear what the risk stratification of this unique presentation will turn out to be.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Holmes
- San Antonio Military Medical Center, USAF, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
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52
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Jones CL, Bhatla T, Blum R, Wang J, Paugh SW, Wen X, Bourgeois W, Bitterman DS, Raetz EA, Morrison DJ, Teachey DT, Evans WE, Garabedian MJ, Carroll WL. Loss of TBL1XR1 disrupts glucocorticoid receptor recruitment to chromatin and results in glucocorticoid resistance in a B-lymphoblastic leukemia model. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:20502-15. [PMID: 24895125 PMCID: PMC4110265 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.569889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although great advances have been made in the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia, up to one of five patients will relapse, and their prognosis thereafter is dismal. We have previously identified recurrent deletions in TBL1XR1, which encodes for an F-box like protein responsible for regulating the nuclear hormone repressor complex stability. Here we model TBL1XR1 deletions in B-precursor ALL cell lines and show that TBL1XR1 knockdown results in reduced glucocorticoid receptor recruitment to glucocorticoid responsive genes and ultimately decreased glucocorticoid signaling caused by increased levels of nuclear hormone repressor 1 and HDAC3. Reduction in glucocorticoid signaling in TBL1XR1-depleted lines resulted in resistance to glucocorticoid agonists, but not to other chemotherapeutic agents. Importantly, we show that treatment with the HDAC inhibitor SAHA restores sensitivity to prednisolone in TBL1XR1-depleted cells. Altogether, our data indicate that loss of TBL1XR1 is a novel driver of glucocorticoid resistance in ALL and that epigenetic therapy may have future application in restoring drug sensitivity at relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teena Bhatla
- the Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
| | - Roy Blum
- From the Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center
| | - Jinhua Wang
- From the Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center
- the Center for Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, and
| | - Steven W. Paugh
- the Hematological Malignancies Program and
- the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Xin Wen
- From the Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center
- the Center for Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, and
| | | | | | - Elizabeth A. Raetz
- the Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84102, and
| | | | - David T. Teachey
- the Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - William E. Evans
- the Hematological Malignancies Program and
- the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105
| | - Michael J. Garabedian
- the Department of Microbiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016
| | - William L. Carroll
- From the Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center
- the Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
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Xie J, Wang Q, Wang Q, Yao H, Wen L, Ma L, Wu D, Chen S. High frequency of BTG1 deletions in patients with BCR-ABL1-positive acute leukemia. Cancer Genet 2014; 207:226-30. [PMID: 24998463 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Deletions affecting the B-cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) have recently been reported in 9% of patients with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), and occur even more frequently in ETV6-RUNX1-positive and BCR-ABL1-positive subgroups. To investigate whether the BTG1 deletions occur in other BCR-ABL1-positive acute leukemias besides BCP-ALL, we analyzed 44 leukemia cases harboring the BCR-ABL1 transcript [32 BCP-ALL, six mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL), and six chronic myeloid leukemia in B-lineage blast crisis (CML-BC)] by array-based comparative genomic hybridization and reverse transcription-PCR. BTG1 deletions were present in 31.8% of BCR-ABL1-positive acute leukemia patients, including 31.3% of BCP-ALL (10/32), 33.3% of MPAL (2/6), and 33.3% of CML-BC (B-lineage) (2/6) patients. Of note, the intragenic deletion breakpoints, mapping to 5 different positions at the proximal end of the breakpoint, clustered tightly within exon 2 of BTG1, which were located within a stretch of 20 bp from nucleotide 284 to nucleotide 304 and led to truncated BTG1 transcripts. There were no significant differences in the median white blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, bone marrow blast count, sex, age, or overall complete remission rate between patients with and without BTG1 deletions. Taken together, our data suggest that BTG1 deletions might play a role in leukemogenesis of BCP-ALL as well as of BCR-ABL1-positive MPAL and CML-BC (B-lineage).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundan Xie
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qinrong Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lijun Wen
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Suning Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Prange KHM, Singh AA, Martens JHA. The genome-wide molecular signature of transcription factors in leukemia. Exp Hematol 2014; 42:637-50. [PMID: 24814246 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors control expression of genes essential for the normal functioning of the hematopoietic system and regulate development of distinct blood cell types. During leukemogenesis, aberrant regulation of transcription factors such as RUNX1, CBFβ, MLL, C/EBPα, SPI1, GATA, and TAL1 is central to the disease. Here, we will discuss the mechanisms of transcription factor deregulation in leukemia and how in recent years next-generation sequencing approaches have helped to elucidate the molecular role of many of these aberrantly expressed transcription factors. We will focus on the complexes in which these factors reside, the role of posttranslational modification of these factors, their involvement in setting up higher order chromatin structures, and their influence on the local epigenetic environment. We suggest that only comprehensive knowledge on all these aspects will increase our understanding of aberrant gene expression in leukemia as well as open new entry points for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen H M Prange
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Abhishek A Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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56
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Epstein-Barr virus utilizes Ikaros in regulating its latent-lytic switch in B cells. J Virol 2014; 88:4811-27. [PMID: 24522918 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.03706-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ikaros is a zinc finger DNA-binding protein that regulates chromatin remodeling and the expression of genes involved in the cell cycle, apoptosis, and Notch signaling. It is a master regulator of lymphocyte differentiation and functions as a tumor suppressor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nevertheless, no previous reports described effects of Ikaros on the life cycle of any human lymphotropic virus. Here, we demonstrate that full-length Ikaros (IK-1) functions as a major factor in the maintenance of viral latency in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive Burkitt's lymphoma Sal and MutuI cell lines. Either silencing of Ikaros expression by small hairpin RNA (shRNA) knockdown or ectopic expression of a non-DNA-binding isoform induced lytic gene expression. These effects synergized with other lytic inducers of EBV, including transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and the hypoxia mimic desferrioxamine. Data from chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-quantitative PCR (qPCR) and ChIP-sequencing (ChIP-seq) analyses indicated that Ikaros did not bind to either of the EBV immediate early genes BZLF1 and BRLF1. Rather, Ikaros affected the expression of Oct-2 and Bcl-6, other transcription factors that directly inhibit EBV reactivation and plasma cell differentiation, respectively. IK-1 also complexed with the EBV immediate early R protein in coimmunoprecipitation assays and partially colocalized with R within cells. The presence of R alleviated IK-1-mediated transcriptional repression, with IK-1 then cooperating with Z and R to enhance lytic gene expression. Thus, we conclude that Ikaros plays distinct roles at different stages of EBV's life cycle: it contributes to maintaining latency via indirect mechanisms, and it may also synergize with Z and R to enhance lytic replication through direct association with R and/or R-induced alterations in Ikaros' functional activities via cellular signaling pathways. IMPORTANCE This is the first report showing that the cellular protein Ikaros, a known master regulator of hematopoiesis and critical tumor suppressor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, also plays important roles in the life cycle of Epstein-Barr virus in B cells.
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Clappier E, Auclerc MF, Rapion J, Bakkus M, Caye A, Khemiri A, Giroux C, Hernandez L, Kabongo E, Savola S, Leblanc T, Yakouben K, Plat G, Costa V, Ferster A, Girard S, Fenneteau O, Cayuela JM, Sigaux F, Dastugue N, Suciu S, Benoit Y, Bertrand Y, Soulier J, Cavé H. An intragenic ERG deletion is a marker of an oncogenic subtype of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a favorable outcome despite frequent IKZF1 deletions. Leukemia 2013; 28:70-7. [PMID: 24064621 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic subtypes in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) are used for risk stratification. However, a significant number of BCP-ALL patients are still genetically unassigned. Using array-comparative genomic hybridization in a selected BCP-ALL cohort, we characterized a recurrent V(D)J-mediated intragenic deletion of the ERG gene (ERG(del)). A breakpoint-specific PCR assay was designed and used to screen an independent non-selected cohort of 897 children aged 1-17 years treated for BCP-ALL in the EORTC-CLG 58951 trial. ERG(del) was found in 29/897 patients (3.2%) and was mutually exclusive of known classifying genetic lesions, suggesting that it characterized a distinct leukemia entity. ERG(del) was associated with higher age (median 7.0 vs. 4.0 years, P=0.004), aberrant CD2 expression (43.5% vs. 3.7%, P<0.001) and frequent IKZF1 Δ4-7 deletions (37.9% vs. 5.3%, P<0.001). However, ERG(del) patients had a very good outcome, with an 8-year event-free survival (8-y EFS) and an 8-year overall survival of 86.4% and 95.6%, respectively, suggesting that the IKZF1 deletion had no impact on prognosis in this genetic subtype. Accordingly, within patients with an IKZF1 Δ4-7 deletion, those with ERG(del) had a better outcome (8-y EFS: 85.7% vs. 51.3%; hazard ratio: 0.16; 95% confidence interval: 0.02-1.20; P=0.04). These findings have implications for further stratification including IKZF1 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Clappier
- 1] U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [3] Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - M F Auclerc
- 1] U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Department of Pediatric Hematology, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - J Rapion
- EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Bakkus
- Molecular Hematology Laboratory, UZ Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Caye
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - A Khemiri
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - C Giroux
- Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - L Hernandez
- U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - E Kabongo
- Molecular Hematology Laboratory, UZ Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Savola
- MRC-Holland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Leblanc
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - K Yakouben
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Robert-Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - G Plat
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, University Hospital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - V Costa
- Department of Pediatrics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Ferster
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Children's University Hospital Reine Fabiola, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Girard
- Hematology Laboratory, IHOP, Lyon, France
| | - O Fenneteau
- Hematology Laboratory, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - J M Cayuela
- 1] U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - F Sigaux
- 1] U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - N Dastugue
- Hematology Laboratory, University Hospital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - S Suciu
- EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Y Benoit
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Y Bertrand
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, IHOP and Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
| | - J Soulier
- 1] U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - H Cavé
- 1] Department of Genetics, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Paris, France [2] Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
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