51
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Guillerey C, Smyth MJ. Cancer Immunosurveillance by Natural Killer Cells and Other Innate Lymphoid Cells. Oncoimmunology 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62431-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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52
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Freud AG, Mundy-Bosse BL, Yu J, Caligiuri MA. The Broad Spectrum of Human Natural Killer Cell Diversity. Immunity 2017; 47:820-833. [PMID: 29166586 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells provide protection against infectious pathogens and cancer. For decades it has been appreciated that two major NK cell subsets (CD56bright and CD56dim) exist in humans and have distinct anatomical localization patterns, phenotypes, and functions in immunity. In light of this traditional NK cell dichotomy, it is now clear that the spectrum of human NK cell diversity is much broader than originally appreciated as a result of variegated surface receptor, intracellular signaling molecule, and transcription factor expression; tissue-specific imprinting; and foreign antigen exposure. The recent discoveries of tissue-resident NK cell developmental intermediates, non-NK innate lymphoid cells, and the capacity for NK cells to adapt and differentiate into long-lived memory cells has added further complexity to this field. Here we review our current understanding of the breadth and generation of human NK cell diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aharon G Freud
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Bethany L Mundy-Bosse
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael A Caligiuri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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53
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Barrow AD, Colonna M. Tailoring Natural Killer cell immunotherapy to the tumour microenvironment. Semin Immunol 2017; 31:30-36. [PMID: 28935344 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic and cytokine-secreting cells that can mediate potent anti-tumour activity. Accumulating evidence indicates that NK cell functions are severely compromised within the confines of the tumour microenvironment thus impairing the efficacy and development of NK cell-based therapies. Here we review the various cellular and molecular pathways that tumours have supplanted to evade NK cell surveillance. We highlight novel strategies designed to alleviate or circumvent the immunosuppressive conditions of the tumour microenvironment in order to emancipate NK cell function and stifle the inexorable growth and metastasis of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander David Barrow
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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54
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Natural cytotoxicity receptor 1 in mouse uNK cell maturation and function. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:1122-1132. [PMID: 28098245 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2016.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Early and midgestational decidua of mice genetically ablated for expression of the natural killer (NK) cell natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR; Ncr1Gfp/Gfp mice) shows restricted angiogenesis and atypically small uterine (u)NK cells. We hypothesized that NCR1 inactivation disturbs maturation and angiokine production by uterine natural killer (uNK) cells. Using histological and morphometric approaches, we observed that Ncr1Gfp/Gfp but not control C57BL/6 (B6) implantation sites sustain immature, non-granulated uNK cells into midpregnancy. Mouse uNK cells can be subclassified by their reactivity with Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) lectin; DBA+ uNK cells with greater Ncr1 expression were investigated. DBA+ uNK cells from Ncr1Gfp/Gfp mice show delayed maturation as indicated by shorter diameters and fewer cytoplasmic granules. Granules in mature Ncr1Gfp/Gfp uNK cells are ultrastructurally abnormal and abundance of granule-associated proteins (perforin, granzyme) and of cytoplasmic proteins (vascular endothelial growth factor; placental growth factor) differs from controls. Leukocyte-leukocyte conjugate formation in gestation day 6.5 and 8.5 intact Ncr1Gfp/Gfp decidua was less frequent than in B6; however, this difference involved leukocytes other than DBA+ uNK cells. These studies strongly support roles for NCR1 and its ligands in normal pregnancy promotion.
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55
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Reconstitution of a ligand-binding competent murine NKp30 receptor. Immunogenetics 2017; 70:185-194. [PMID: 28782088 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-017-1025-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The activating natural cytotoxicity receptors on natural killer (NK) cells play a fundamental role in immunosurveillance of infections and cancer. Phylogenetic analyses showed that NKp30 is highly conserved in almost all jawed vertebrates and thus, represents one of the most ancient NK cell receptors. However, in contrast to other higher vertebrates, NKp30 is only a pseudogene in mouse, which contains two premature stop codons. To decipher the evolutionary role and biological function of NKp30 in mouse, we removed these premature stop codons and expressed the putative mouse NKp30 (mNKp30) protein as soluble Fc fusion construct and as full-length receptor on A5-GFP reporter cells. Interestingly, even though both NKp30 variants were expressed, maturation and targeting to the plasma membrane were impaired. Previous studies implicated that N-linked glycosylation is crucial for plasma membrane targeting and ligand binding of human NKp30. However, even though present in all other jawed vertebrates analyzed so far, these three N-linked glycosylation sites are missing in mouse NKp30. Interestingly, reconstitution of N-linked glycosylation enabled secretion of a mNKp30-Fc fusion protein which recognized a yet unknown ligand on the plasma membrane of mastocytoma cells. Based on these data, our study is the first to show expression and functional analysis of a mNKp30 protein suggesting that the mouse NKp30 pseudogene is the result of a species-specific loss of function.
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56
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Colucci F. The role of KIR and HLA interactions in pregnancy complications. Immunogenetics 2017; 69:557-565. [PMID: 28695287 PMCID: PMC5537332 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-017-1003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Combinations of KIR and HLA genes associate with pregnancy complications as well as with many other clinical scenarios. Understanding how certain KIR and HLA genes influence the biology of a disease is, however, a formidable challenge. These are the two most variable gene families in the human genome. Moreover, the biology of a disease is best understood by studying the cells of the affected tissue. Natural Killer (NK) cells express KIR and are the most abundant leukocytes in the uterus. Most of our knowledge of NK cells is based on what we have learned from cells isolated from blood, but these are different from their tissue resident counterparts, including uterine NK (uNK) cells. Reproductive immunology faces an additional challenge: Two genotypes must be considered because both maternal and foetal HLA class I molecules may influence the outcome of pregnancy, most likely through interactions with maternal KIR expressed on uNK cells. Maternal uNK cells are not spontaneously cytotoxic and instead engage in interactions with trophoblast. We hypothesise that these interactions regulate allocation of resources between the foetus and the mother and may go wrong in diseases of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Colucci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 111, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK.
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Physiology Building, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
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57
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Björkström NK, Ljunggren HG, Michaëlsson J. Emerging insights into natural killer cells in human peripheral tissues. Nat Rev Immunol 2017; 16:310-20. [PMID: 27121652 DOI: 10.1038/nri.2016.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have long been considered to be a homogenous population of innate lymphocytes with limited phenotypic and functional diversity. However, recent findings have revealed that these cells comprise a large number of distinct populations with diverse characteristics. Some of these characteristics may relate to their developmental origin, and others represent differences in differentiation that are influenced by factors such as tissue localization and imprints by viral infections. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the emerging knowledge about the development, differentiation and function of human NK cell populations, with a particular focus on NK cells in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas K Björkström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Michaëlsson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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58
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Gaynor LM, Colucci F. Uterine Natural Killer Cells: Functional Distinctions and Influence on Pregnancy in Humans and Mice. Front Immunol 2017; 8:467. [PMID: 28484462 PMCID: PMC5402472 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of development and function of natural killer (NK) cells has progressed significantly in recent years. However, exactly how uterine NK (uNK) cells develop and function is still unclear. To help investigators that are beginning to study tissue NK cells, we summarize in this review our current knowledge of the development and function of uNK cells, and what is yet to be elucidated. We compare and contrast the biology of human and mouse uNK cells in the broader context of the biology of innate lymphoid cells and with reference to peripheral NK cells. We also review how uNK cells may regulate trophoblast invasion and uterine spiral arterial remodeling in human and murine pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Gaynor
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francesco Colucci
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
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59
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Analysis of NK Cell Function and Receptor Expression During HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 Infection. Methods Mol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28357671 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6872-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Cytofluorimetric analysis is a typical method in immunology to evaluate phenotype and function of Natural Killer (NK) cells derived from HTLV-1/2 infected patients and healthy donors. Here, we described protocols to NK cells phenotypical and cytotoxicity assay, performed by flow cytometry on fresh and immune-magnetically or flow cytometry sorted NK cells. A new developed protocol able to evaluate IFNγ production has been included.
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60
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Pazina T, Shemesh A, Brusilovsky M, Porgador A, Campbell KS. Regulation of the Functions of Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors by Interactions with Diverse Ligands and Alterations in Splice Variant Expression. Front Immunol 2017; 8:369. [PMID: 28424697 PMCID: PMC5371597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) family is constituted by NKp46, NKp44, and NKp30 in humans, which are expressed mainly on natural killer (NK) cells and are encoded by the ncr1, ncr2, and ncr3 genes, respectively. NCRs have classically been defined as activating receptors that trigger cytotoxicity and cytokine responses by NK cells upon engaging with ligands on tumor cells. Several new findings, however, have challenged this model and identified alternative mechanisms regulating the function of NCRs. Recent reports indicate that ligand matters, since the interaction of NKp44 with distinct ligands on target cells can either activate or inhibit NK cells. Also, the NCRs have been found to interact with distinct specificities to various heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans, which are complex polysaccharides found in extracellular matrix or on cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). The NCRs can engage with HSPGs in trans as a co-ligand on the target cells or in cis on the NK cell surface to regulate receptor–ligand interactions and NK cell activation. A number of splice variants of ncr2 and ncr3 have also been identified, and a predominant expression of certain variants results in inhibitory signaling through NKp44 and NKp30. Several recent studies have found that the selective expression of some of these inhibitory splice variants can significantly influence outcome in the contexts of cancer, infection, and pregnancy. These findings establish that NCR functions are more diverse than originally thought, and better understanding of their splice variant expression profiles and ligand interactions are needed to establish their functional regulation in the context of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Pazina
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine", St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Avishai Shemesh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Michael Brusilovsky
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Angel Porgador
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Kerry S Campbell
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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61
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Chretien AS, Devillier R, Fauriat C, Orlanducci F, Harbi S, Le Roy A, Rey J, Bouvier Borg G, Gautherot E, Hamel JF, Ifrah N, Lacombe C, Cornillet-Lefebvre P, Delaunay J, Toubert A, Arnoulet C, Vey N, Blaise D, Olive D. NKp46 expression on NK cells as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for response to allo-SCT in patients with AML. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1307491. [PMID: 29209559 PMCID: PMC5706596 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1307491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NKp46 is a major determinant of natural killer (NK) cell function and it is implicated in tumor immune surveillance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of NKp46 expression in an independent cohort of patients with AML, and to investigate the impact of NKp46 on clinical outcome after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). NKp46 expression was assessed at diagnosis on NK cells by flow cytometry (N = 180 patients). Clinical outcome was evaluated with regard to NKp46 expression. Patients with NKp46high phenotype at diagnosis had better progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than patients with NKp46low phenotype (74.3% vs. 46.6%, p = 0.014; 82.6% vs. 57.1%, p = 0.010, respectively). In multivariate analysis, high NKp46 was an independent factor for improved OS (HR = 0.409, p = 0.010) and PFS (HR = 0.335, p = 0.011). Subgroup analysis revealed that allo-SCT had a favorable impact on PFS in patients with NKp46high phenotype (p = 0.025). By contrast, allo-SCT did not impact PFS in patients with low NKp46 expression (p = 0.303). In conclusion, we validate the prognostic value of NKp46 expression at diagnosis in AML. However, the prognostic value of NKp46 expression is limited to patients treated with allo-SCT, thus suggesting that NKp46 status may be predictive for allo-SCT responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Chretien
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Raynier Devillier
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Hematology Department, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Fauriat
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | - Samia Harbi
- Hematology Department, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Aude Le Roy
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Jérôme Rey
- Hematology Department, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Gaelle Bouvier Borg
- Beckman Coulter Immunotech, Biostatistics and methodology department, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Emmanuel Gautherot
- Beckman Coulter Immunotech, Biostatistics and methodology department, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Jean-François Hamel
- Beckman Coulter Immunotech, Biostatistics and methodology department, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | | | - Catherine Lacombe
- GOELAMStheque, FILO (French Innovative Leukemia Organization), Cochin Hospital, APHP, Paris, FRANCE
| | | | - Jacques Delaunay
- Service d'Hématologie, Centre Catherine de Sienne, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- INSERM UMRS-1160, Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Immunology and Histocompatibility department, Hôpital Saint-Louis, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Christine Arnoulet
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Biopathology Department, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Norbert Vey
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Hematology Department, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Blaise
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Hematology Department, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068; CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.,Immunomonitoring platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
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62
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Bozzano F, Marras F, De Maria A. Natural Killer Cell Development and Maturation Revisited: Possible Implications of a Novel Distinct Lin -CD34 +DNAM-1 brightCXCR4 + Cell Progenitor. Front Immunol 2017; 8:268. [PMID: 28337208 PMCID: PMC5343008 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first description of natural killer (NK) cells, the view on their role in innate immunity has evolved considerably. In addition to first-line defense against transformed and pathogen-infected autologous cells, NK cells contribute to modulate adaptive immune responses and in some cases acquire specialized functions, including exhausted, adaptive, and decidual NK cells. NK cells derive from CD34+ progenitors, in vivo and in vitro; however, it is unclear whether the high phenotype diversity in vivo may be generated from these precursors alone. The recent characterization of a novel CD34+DNAM-1brightCXCR4+ precursor giving rise to apparently licensed and functional maturing NK cells may suggest the possibility for a higher than expected common lymphocyte precursor diversity and a consequently higher peripheral NK cell phenotype variability. Here, we review the evidences on NK cell central and peripheral development from CD34+ precursors and propose a possible updated reading frame based on the characterization of CD34+DNAM-1brightCXCR4+ cell progenies, which favors the possibility of concurrent NK cell maturation from different CD34+ precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bozzano
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Andrea De Maria
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; Clinica Malattie Infettive, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Genova, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy; Department of Health Sciences, DISSAL, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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63
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Shemer-Avni Y, Kundu K, Shemesh A, Brusilovsky M, Yossef R, Meshesha M, Solomon-Alemayehu S, Levin S, Gershoni-Yahalom O, Campbell KS, Porgador A. Expression of NKp46 Splice Variants in Nasal Lavage Following Respiratory Viral Infection: Domain 1-Negative Isoforms Predominate and Manifest Higher Activity. Front Immunol 2017; 8:161. [PMID: 28261217 PMCID: PMC5309248 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural killer (NK) cell activating receptor NKp46/NCR1 plays a critical role in elimination of virus-infected and tumor cells. The NCR1 gene can be transcribed into five different splice variants, but the functional importance and physiological distribution of NKp46 isoforms are not yet fully understood. Here, we shed light on differential expression of NKp46 splice variants in viral respiratory tract infections and their functional difference at the cellular level. NKp46 was the most predominantly expressed natural cytotoxicity receptor in the nasal lavage of patients infected with four respiratory viruses: respiratory syncytia virus, adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, or influenza A. Expression of NKp30 was far lower and NKp44 was absent in all patients. Domain 1-negative NKp46 splice variants (i.e., NKp46 isoform d) were the predominantly expressed isoform in nasal lavage following viral infections. Using our unique anti-NKp46 mAb, D2-9A5, which recognizes the D2 extracellular domain, and a commercial anti-NKp46 mAb, 9E2, which recognizes D1 domain, allowed us to identify a small subset of NKp46 D1-negative splice variant-expressing cells within cultured human primary NK cells. This NKp46 D1-negative subset also showed higher degranulation efficiency in term of CD107a surface expression. NK-92 cell lines expressing NKp46 D1-negative and NKp46 D1-positive splice variants also showed functional differences when interacting with targets. A NKp46 D1-negative isoform-expressing NK-92 cell line showed enhanced degranulation activity. To our knowledge, we provide the first evidence showing the physiological distribution and functional importance of human NKp46 splice variants under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonat Shemer-Avni
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva , Israel
| | - Kiran Kundu
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Avishai Shemesh
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Michael Brusilovsky
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva , Israel
| | - Rami Yossef
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva , Israel
| | - Mesfin Meshesha
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva , Israel
| | - Semaria Solomon-Alemayehu
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva , Israel
| | - Shai Levin
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva , Israel
| | - Orly Gershoni-Yahalom
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva , Israel
| | - Kerry S Campbell
- Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Angel Porgador
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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64
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Mori M, Bogdan A, Balassa T, Csabai T, Szekeres-Bartho J. The decidua-the maternal bed embracing the embryo-maintains the pregnancy. Semin Immunopathol 2016; 38:635-649. [PMID: 27287066 PMCID: PMC5065593 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The decidua has been known as maternal uterine tissue, which plays essential roles in protecting the embryo from being attacked by maternal immune cells and provides nutritional support for the developing embryo prior to placenta formation. However, there are questions that still remain to be answered: (1) How does the decidua supply nutrition and provide a physical scaffold for the growing embryo, before placental vascular connection is established? (2) How is the balance between preventing an anti-embryo immune response and protecting both embryo and mother from infections established? To understand basic personas in decidual tissues, we review the structure of the decidua composed of terminally differentiated uterine stromal cells, blood vessels, and a number of repertoire of uterine local immune cells, including the well-known uterine natural killer (uNK) cells and recently discovered innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Decidual macrophages and uterine dendritic cells (DCs) are supposed to modulate adaptive immunity via balancing cytokines and promoting generation of regulatory T (Treg) cells. During decidualization, vascular and tissue remodeling in the uterus provide nutritional and physical support for the developing embryo. Secretion of various cytokines and chemokines from both the embryo and the decidual cells activates multiple signaling network between the mother and the embryo upon implantation. Defects in the decidual development during early pregnancy result in loss of pregnancy or complications in later gestational stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Agnes Bogdan
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Pécs University, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7643, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Timea Balassa
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Pécs University, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7643, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Timea Csabai
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Pécs University, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7643, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Júlia Szekeres-Bartho
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, Pécs University, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Szigeti Str. 12, H-7643, Pécs, Hungary
- MTA - PTE Human Reproduction Research Group, Pécs, Hungary
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Wu J, Carlock C, Ross A, Shim J, Lou Y. CD8αα+MHC Class II+ Cell with the Capacity To Terminate Autoimmune Inflammation Is a Novel Antigen-Presenting NK-like Cell in Rats. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:4274-4282. [PMID: 27799310 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of immune tolerance mechanisms, which inhibit pre-existing autoimmune inflammation, may provide us with new strategies for treating autoimmune diseases. We have identified a CD8αα+MHC class II+ cell with professional APC capacity during our investigation on spontaneous recovery from autoimmune glomerulonephritis in a rat model. This cell actively invades inflamed target tissue and further terminates an ongoing autoimmune inflammation by selective killing of effector autoreactive T cells. In this study, we show that this cell used a cytotoxic machinery of Ly49s+ NK cells in killing of target T cells. Thus, this CD8αα+MHC class II+ cell was a dually functional Ag-presenting NK-like (AP-NK) cell. Following its coupling with target T cells through Ag presentation, killing stimulatory receptor Ly49s6 and coreceptor CD8αα on this cell used rat nonclassic MHC class I C/E16 on the target T cells as a ligand to initiate killing. Thus, activated effector T cells with elevated expression of rat nonclassic MHC class I C/E16 were highly susceptible to the killing by the CD8αα+ AP-NK cell. Granule cytolytic perforin/granzyme C from this cell subsequently mediated cytotoxicity. Thus, inhibition of granzyme C effectively attenuated the killing. As it can recognize and eliminate effector autoreactive T cells in the inflamed target tissue, the CD8αα+ AP-NK cell not only represents a new type of immune cell involved in immune tolerance, but it also is a potential candidate for developing a cell-based therapy for pre-existing autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Wu
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054
| | - Colin Carlock
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054
| | - April Ross
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054
| | - Junbo Shim
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054
| | - Yahuan Lou
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054
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Ma Y, Lei H, Tan J, Xuan L, Wu X, Liu Q. Characterization of γδ regulatory T cells from peripheral blood in patients with multiple myeloma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 480:594-601. [PMID: 27793666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
γδ regulatory T cells are able to inhibit the activation and function of T cells involved in antigen-specific immune responses. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of γδ regulatory T cells in inhibiting anti-tumor immune responses in patients diagnosed as multiple myeloma (MM). We measured the levels of γδ T cells, the distribution and clonally amplified TCR Vγ and VδT cells in peripheral blood of healthy donors, patients recently diagnosed with MM, and MM patients in remission cohorts. In addition, we evaluated the ability of γδ regulatory T cells to inhibit the proliferation of CD4+CD25- T cells and detected the expression of immunoregulatory-associated molecules. We found that the levels of γδ regulatory T cells from the peripheral blood in patients of MM were significantly higher than those in healthy donors. Comparison of γδT regulatory cells function in MM and healthy donors showed similarly inhibitory effects on the proliferation of T cells. Additionally, TLR8 expression level increased significantly in MM patients compared to healthy donors, while the expression levels of Foxp3, CD25, CTLA4, GITR, GATA3 and Tbet in MM patients and healthy donors showed no significant difference. Taken together, our study reveals the potential role of γδ regulatory T cells in inhibiting anti-tumor immune responses in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyong Ma
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510010, China; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Huyi Lei
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Jie Tan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Li Xuan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510010, China
| | - Xiuli Wu
- Institute of Hematology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qifa Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510010, China.
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Shemesh A, Kugel A, Steiner N, Yezersky M, Tirosh D, Edri A, Teltsh O, Rosental B, Sheiner E, Rubin E, Campbell KS, Porgador A. NKp44 and NKp30 splice variant profiles in decidua and tumor tissues: a comparative viewpoint. Oncotarget 2016; 7:70912-70923. [PMID: 27765926 PMCID: PMC5342598 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
NKp44 and NKp30 splice variant profiles have been shown to promote diverse cellular functions. Moreover, microenvironment factors such as TGF-β, IL-15 and IL-18 are able to influence both NKp44 and NKp30 splice variant profiles, leading to cytokine-associated profiles. Placenta and cancerous tissues have many similarities; both are immunologically privileged sites and both share immune tolerance mechanisms to support tissue development. Therefore, we studied the profiles of NKp44 and NKp30 splice variants in these states by comparing (i) decidua from pregnancy disorder and healthy gestation and (ii) matched normal and cancer tissue. Decidua samples had high incidence of both NKp44 and NKp30. In cancerous state it was different; while NKp30 expression was evident in most cancerous and matched normal tissues, NKp44 incidence was lower and was mostly associated with the cancerous tissues. A NKp44-1dominant inhibitory profile predominated in healthy pregnancy gestation. Interestingly, the NKp44-2/3 activation profile becomes the leading profile in spontaneous abortions, whereas balanced NKp44 profiles were observed in preeclampsia. In contrast, a clear preference for the NKp30a/b profile was evident in the 1st trimester decidua, yet no significant differences were observed for NKp30 profiles between healthy gestation and spontaneous abortions/preeclampsia. Both cancerous and matched normal tissues manifested balanced NKp30c inhibitory and NKp30a/b activation profiles with a NKp44-1dominant profile. However, a shift in NKp30 profiles between matched normal and cancer tissue was observed in half of the cases. To summarize, NKp44 and NKp30 splice variants profiles are tissue/condition specific and demonstrate similarity between placenta and cancerous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishai Shemesh
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Aleksandra Kugel
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Naama Steiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Michal Yezersky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Dan Tirosh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Avishay Edri
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Omri Teltsh
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Benyamin Rosental
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine and the Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eyal Sheiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Eitan Rubin
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Kerry S. Campbell
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Angel Porgador
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Messaoudene M, Fregni G, Enot D, Jacquelot N, Neves E, Germaud N, Garchon HJ, Boukouaci W, Tamouza R, Chanal J, Avril MF, Toubert A, Zitvogel L, Rusakiewicz S, Caignard A. NKp30 isoforms and NKp46 transcripts in metastatic melanoma patients: Unique NKp30 pattern in rare melanoma patients with favorable evolution. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1154251. [PMID: 28123867 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1154251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the NK cell-based immunosurveillance of melanoma, we investigated the prognostic value of NKp46 transcript and NKp30 isoform (NKp30A, NKp30B and NKp30C) profiling in blood of 187 melanoma patients including 13 long survivors (LS), metastatic patients that have controlled the disease. Compared to healthy volunteers (HV), patients had reduced amounts of transcripts of the three NKp30 isoforms (NKp30 A, B and C) but similar ratios between NKp30 isoforms (ΔAB, ΔAC, ΔBC). Stratification of patients according to disease stage showed higher NKp30C and lower NKp46 transcripts in stage IV patients. Furthermore, patients with previous history of conventional chemotherapy displayed reduced NKp30A transcripts. The expression levels of NKp30 isoforms failed to predict survival from sampling of patients, while NKp46 expression predicted melanoma outcome. LS patients displayed elevated NKp30A levels, accordingly high ΔAB and ΔBC ratios, and a unique pattern of rare allelic variants of NKp30 SNPs. Moreover, NK cells from LS displayed correlated NKp30/NKp46 membrane expression, high spontaneous and NKp30- or NKp46-triggered degranulation. These data outline the impact of NKp30 and NKp46 transcripts on melanoma evolution and identify unique genetic features of NKp30 associated with higher NK activation in rare LS melanoma patients that control a metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Messaoudene
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
| | - Giulia Fregni
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Enot
- U1015 INSERM-CIC, Institut Gustave Roussy , Villejuif, France
| | - Nicolas Jacquelot
- U1015 INSERM-CIC, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Emmanuelle Neves
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Germaud
- Inserm U1173 and University of Versailles Saint-Quentin, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; APHP, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Division of Genetics, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Henri Jean Garchon
- Inserm U1173 and University of Versailles Saint-Quentin, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; APHP, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Division of Genetics, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Wahid Boukouaci
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
| | - Ryad Tamouza
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
| | - Johan Chanal
- APHP, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Cochin, University Paris Descartes , Paris, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Avril
- APHP, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Cochin, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- U1015 INSERM-CIC, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France; INSERM, U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France; Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer, CICBT507, GRCC, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Anne Caignard
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
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