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Abstract
Here, we review how DNA damage affects the centrosome and how centrosomes communicate with the DNA damage response (DDR) apparatus. We discuss how several proteins of the DDR are found at centrosomes, including the ATM, ATR, CHK1 and CHK2 kinases, the BRCA1 ubiquitin ligase complex and several members of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family. Stereotypical centrosome organisation, in which two centriole barrels are orthogonally arranged in a roughly toroidal pericentriolar material (PCM), is strongly affected by exposure to DNA-damaging agents. We describe the genetic dependencies and mechanisms for how the centrioles lose their close association, and the PCM both expands and distorts after DNA damage. Another consequence of genotoxic stress is that centrosomes undergo duplication outside the normal cell cycle stage, meaning that centrosome amplification is commonly seen after DNA damage. We discuss several potential mechanisms for how centrosome numbers become dysregulated after DNA damage and explore the links between the DDR and the PLK1- and separase-dependent mechanisms that drive centriole separation and reduplication. We also describe how centrosome components, such as centrin2, are directly involved in responding to DNA damage. This review outlines current questions on the involvement of centrosomes in the DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa I Mullee
- Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Biosciences Building, Dangan, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ciaran G Morrison
- Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Biosciences Building, Dangan, Galway, Ireland.
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52
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Kim M, O'Rourke BP, Soni RK, Jallepalli PV, Hendrickson RC, Tsou MFB. Promotion and Suppression of Centriole Duplication Are Catalytically Coupled through PLK4 to Ensure Centriole Homeostasis. Cell Rep 2016; 16:1195-1203. [PMID: 27425613 PMCID: PMC4972634 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PLK4 is the major kinase driving centriole duplication. Duplication occurs only once per cell cycle, forming one new (or daughter) centriole that is tightly engaged to the preexisting (or mother) centriole. Centriole engagement is known to block the reduplication of mother centrioles, but the molecular identity responsible for the block remains unclear. Here, we show that the centriolar cartwheel, the geometric scaffold for centriole assembly, forms the identity of daughter centrioles essential for the block, ceasing further duplication of the mother centriole to which it is engaged. To ensure a steady block, we found that the cartwheel requires constant maintenance by PLK4 through phosphorylation of the same substrate that drives centriole assembly, revealing a parsimonious control in which “assembly” and “block for new assembly” are linked through the same catalytic reaction to achieve homeostasis. Our results support a recently deduced model that the cartwheel-bound PLK4 directly suppresses centriole reduplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhee Kim
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Brian P O'Rourke
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar Soni
- Microchemistry and Proteomics Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Prasad V Jallepalli
- Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ronald C Hendrickson
- Microchemistry and Proteomics Core Facility, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Meng-Fu Bryan Tsou
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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53
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Zitouni S, Francia ME, Leal F, Montenegro Gouveia S, Nabais C, Duarte P, Gilberto S, Brito D, Moyer T, Kandels-Lewis S, Ohta M, Kitagawa D, Holland AJ, Karsenti E, Lorca T, Lince-Faria M, Bettencourt-Dias M. CDK1 Prevents Unscheduled PLK4-STIL Complex Assembly in Centriole Biogenesis. Curr Biol 2016; 26:1127-37. [PMID: 27112295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Centrioles are essential for the assembly of both centrosomes and cilia. Centriole biogenesis occurs once and only once per cell cycle and is temporally coordinated with cell-cycle progression, ensuring the formation of the right number of centrioles at the right time. The formation of new daughter centrioles is guided by a pre-existing, mother centriole. The proximity between mother and daughter centrioles was proposed to restrict new centriole formation until they separate beyond a critical distance. Paradoxically, mother and daughter centrioles overcome this distance in early mitosis, at a time when triggers for centriole biogenesis Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) and its substrate STIL are abundant. Here we show that in mitosis, the mitotic kinase CDK1-CyclinB binds STIL and prevents formation of the PLK4-STIL complex and STIL phosphorylation by PLK4, thus inhibiting untimely onset of centriole biogenesis. After CDK1-CyclinB inactivation upon mitotic exit, PLK4 can bind and phosphorylate STIL in G1, allowing pro-centriole assembly in the subsequent S phase. Our work shows that complementary mechanisms, such as mother-daughter centriole proximity and CDK1-CyclinB interaction with centriolar components, ensure that centriole biogenesis occurs once and only once per cell cycle, raising parallels to the cell-cycle regulation of DNA replication and centromere formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihem Zitouni
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal.
| | - Maria E Francia
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal.
| | - Filipe Leal
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | | | - Catarina Nabais
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Paulo Duarte
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Samuel Gilberto
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Daniela Brito
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Tyler Moyer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Steffi Kandels-Lewis
- Directors' Research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany; Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Midori Ohta
- Center for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Daiju Kitagawa
- Center for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Andrew J Holland
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Eric Karsenti
- Directors' Research, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany; Ecole Normale Supérieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Inserm U1024, and CNRS UMR 8197, 46 Rue d'Ulm, Paris 75005, France
| | - Thierry Lorca
- Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, CNRS UMR 5237, 1919 Route de Mende, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - Mariana Lince-Faria
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
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